WO1987000136A1 - Quille a aile fendue - Google Patents

Quille a aile fendue Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1987000136A1
WO1987000136A1 PCT/AU1986/000190 AU8600190W WO8700136A1 WO 1987000136 A1 WO1987000136 A1 WO 1987000136A1 AU 8600190 W AU8600190 W AU 8600190W WO 8700136 A1 WO8700136 A1 WO 8700136A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
keel
members
craft
arms
keel members
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1986/000190
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Edward Howell Marr
Original Assignee
Edward Howell Marr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Edward Howell Marr filed Critical Edward Howell Marr
Publication of WO1987000136A1 publication Critical patent/WO1987000136A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B41/00—Drop keels, e.g. centre boards or side boards ; Collapsible keels, or the like, e.g. telescopically; Longitudinally split hinged keels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water
    • B63B2039/065—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water the foils being pivotal about an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B41/00—Drop keels, e.g. centre boards or side boards ; Collapsible keels, or the like, e.g. telescopically; Longitudinally split hinged keels
    • B63B2041/003—Collapsible keels, or the like, e.g. telescopically; Longitudinally split hinged keels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to keels for use on boats and more particularly to keels adapted for use on sailing craft which are capable of having their effective length reduced.
  • keel refers to a keel external to and projecting below the hull of a sailing craft, the weight of which is provided to hold the sails of the craft against the wind, maintain the craft in balance and to permit the craft to be sailed into the wind.
  • effective length refers to the amount a keel projects below a hull being the dimension defined between a notional line drawn parallel to the transverse axis of the craft and passing through the point of attachment of the keel to the hull and a notional line also drawn parallel to the transverse axis but contacting the lower end of the keel.
  • Keels have been used on sailing craft in a variety of configurations, dimensions and weights in order to achieve desirable sailing performance.
  • the dimensions and weight of a keel will be determined by such factors as the sail area, the degree of craft stability required, the dimensions of the hull, weight of the craft and the like.
  • the configuration and number of keels may be important.
  • the keel will desirably have a hydrodynamically efficient shape in order to reduce any drag as the craft moves through the water.
  • center board which is in effect a keel which is capable of being completely withdrawn of the sailing craft to give essentially a nil effective length.
  • Typical examples of ' embodiments of the center board are to be found in small sailing craft such as skiffs and dinghy. In these craft, ' typically the centre board is raised or lowered by hand either directly or using a mechanically efficient pulley system. It is to be noted, however, that the weight of the center board in such craft is generally low for the reason that craft balance is controlled by the positioning of the crew. Thus, while a center board provides some stability, its main function is to allow the craft to be sailed into the wind.
  • the keel may be of the "swing" keel type comprising a metal plate which is pivotably connected to the craft at an upper end and is hauled into the craft by raising the lower end.
  • the total weight of such keels is determined by their overall dimensions.
  • the swing keels of the aforementioned type are generally capable of being adjusted into positions intermediate those in which it is fully retracted and those in which it has maximum effective length-.
  • the advantage of this adjustment facility being that in some sailing situations, an intermediate keel effective length provides improved sailing performance.
  • a keel of the aforementioned swing keel type is provided with an appropriate amount of weight in the form of ballast at its or adjacent its lower end.
  • the keel when raised to its maximum effective length always projects below the hull by an amount equal to at least the dimension of the ballast.
  • a keel has been provided that is capable of being moved about its transverse axis in a direction either towards the port or starboard sides of the hull. Movement of this keel in either direction away from its normal position will result in the reduction in the effective length of this keel.
  • this keel has been designed to increase craft performance under defiant sailing conditions. rather than to have it as * its object an effective means for reducing a keel's effective length.
  • the present inventor has recognised the limitations in these prior art keels and accordingly, the present invention has as its object the provision of an alternative to the prior art keels that is capable of being reduced in effective length whilst avoiding substantially the prior art limitation of keel design constraints and space occupied by a keel when retracted.
  • the present invention consists in a keel structure adapted for use on a sailing craft, comprising a pair of like dimensioned keel members, each of which is connected at an upper end to a hinge means, said keel members each having an inner surface which in a first position are in co-operation to form -a keel, an " means to permit said keel members to be hingedly moved in a manner such that when moved out of the first position, the effective length of said keel is reduced.
  • a keel of the invention is capable of having its effective length reduced by causing each of the keel members to pivot in an arc whereby the lower end of the keel members moves toward the hull. Since the movement is arcuate, it follows that any position that the keel members occupy, other than the first position, will result in a reduction of effective keel length.
  • One of the advantages of the invention is that it is capable of being applied to any size or weight of keel and therefore no limitation is placed on selecting the other dimensions of a sailing craft. Another advantage is that as a result of the keel being external to the hull in its retracted and fully extended position, relatively less space is taken up within the craft by the keel.
  • the means provided for moving the keel members apart functions in a manner such that the keel members are equally spaced apart at all times from the first position.
  • the effect of this positioning of the keel members is that their weight will be equally distributed on either side of the mid point of the hull, thereby ensuring that the sailing performance will be substantially equal on any point of sailing.
  • the length of the keel members will be selected in accordance with the overall design of a craft and will depend on a number of factors. Preferably, the length of the keel members will be selected to ensure that when the keel members are maximally spaced apart, the lower ends will not extend outside the broadest part of the hull.
  • the extent to which the hull members may be moved apart will be limited by the type of hinge means used to connect the keel members. In a preferred embodiment, a hinge means which allows the keel members to be spaced apart to the maximum extent is used. In this latter position, the inner surfaces of the keel members will be coplanar and parallel to the transverse axis of the craft.
  • a hinge means capable of performing in this way comprises a pin mounted at each of its ends, to which are pivotably connected an upper end of each keel member.
  • the connection is preferably by way of a bearing for each of the keel members. It is preferred that when the keel members are in the first position to form a keel, the inner surfaces cooperate in manner such there is substantially no gap between them. This ensures that in use water will flow around the outer surfaces in a smooth non-turbulent fashion thereby not impeding the performance of a sailing craft .
  • the outer surfaces of the keel members will be preferably shaped so that when in the first position, the keel will have an efficient hydrodynamic shape.
  • a keel of the invention may be formed from any suitable material which has sufficient density and strength. In practice, generally the material will be a metal or an alloy. A material preferred to form a keel is wrought iron.
  • the means provided to hingedly move the keel members is preferably capable of stably holding the keel members maximally spaced apart or in the first position. Desirably, these means provide for continuous adjustment of the position of the keel members from the first position to the maximally spaced apart position.
  • the means for hingedly moving the keel members preferably comprises a pair of arms, each of which is connected to a corresponding upper -end of a keel member at the hinge means, said arms being maximally spaced apart when said keel members are in the first position, and means capable of acting on said arms to move them in a manner such that the keel members may be maximally spaced apart.
  • the means capacble of moving the arms may be, for example, a pair of steel wires, each of which is connected to a corresponding upper end of an arm and to a drum, which when rotated causes the wires to be wound on in opposite directions thereby causing the arms to be pulled together and the keel members to be moved apart.
  • the drum could be rotated using a winch of appropriate mechanical advantage.
  • Pulleys and the like can also be provided to increase mechanical efficiency.
  • the means for hingedly moving the keel members may be mechanically driven.
  • An example of such means may be as previously described except an electric motor rotates a drum.
  • an hydraulically driven means may be used to move the arms.
  • a plurality of linked arm members may be used in order to achieve appropriate mechanical advantage and to fit into the craft in the minimal amount of space.
  • the means for hingedly moving the keel members is located within a sailing craft in proximity to the upper ends of the keel members.
  • the upper ends of the keel members will be dimensioned and positioned to provide a small gap between the hull and that part of the keel member that enters the hull.
  • this gap will potentially provide a point of water entry into the craft.
  • the means for hingedly moving the hull members and the upper end of the hull members together with the hinge means are contained within a sealed space in the craft. Such an arrangement will allow only the entry of a small amount of water into this space.
  • a gas such as compressed air is bled into the sealed space in an amount and pressure sufficient to exclude water from the space.
  • the means for hingedly moving the hull members are formed from materials that will not be corroded by either fresh or salt water.
  • a preferred material is stainless steel.
  • a still further advantage is that the present inventor believes that when the keel members are appropriately spaced apart, they will render a craft when not under sail more stable against choppy seas by reducing the amount of pitch and roll.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a keel structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a keel structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a keel structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded sectional view of an arm, of the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a keel of the present invention.
  • the keel structure 9 described with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 comprises a pair of keel members 10, 11, having inner co-operating surfaces 8, a hinge means 12 and. means 13 for hingedly moving the keel members.
  • the hull in which the keel structure is mounted is shown by reference numeral 14.
  • the means 13 comprises pulleys 15, 16, a winding drum 17, a pair of arms 18, 19, each of which is connected respectively through the hinge means 12, to a keel member 10, 11 and two pairs of steel wire ropes 20, 21.
  • Each of • the arms 18, 19 are held against stops 5 when keel members 10, 11 are in the first position.
  • Wire rope 21 is connected to the upper end of arm 18, is passed over- pulley 16 and connects to the top of the winding drum 17.
  • wire ropes.20 are connected to the upper end of arm 19, is passed over pulley 15 and connects to the bottom of winding drum 17.
  • a case 22 surrounds the means 13 to provide an effective gas and water seal.
  • the hinge means 12 comprises a pin 23 mounted on bearings 7.
  • the arms 18, 19 and their correspondingly connected keel members each pivot around the pin 23'.
  • a small gap 24 between the hull 14 and the keel members 10, 11 is provided in order to allow the keel members to be moved into spaced apart arms as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • Both of the arms 18, 19, as is shown in Fig. 4 comprise a pair of rods 25 which are connected at their upper ends to a wire rope 20 or 21. At their lower ends, each of the rods are slidingly fitted into cylinders 26, which in turn are adapted to pivot with the pin 23.
  • the keel 9 is reduced in effective length by moving the keel members 10, 11 apart from the first position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown, for example, in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • the winding drum 17 is caused to rotate in a clockwise direction.
  • the wires 20, 21 are wound onto the drum and the arms 18, 19 are pulled towards each other.
  • the rods 25 slide into the cylinder 26, thereby maintaining the arms at a constant length.
  • the keel members co-operate to form a keel 6.
  • Fig. 2 where the arms 18, 19 have been moved through 45°, the keel members 10, 11 are spaced 90° apart and it will be seen that the effective length of the keel has been appropriately reduced.
  • the arms 18, 19 With further winding of the drum 17, the arms 18, 19 will be moved to a side of the hull opposite to that of the first position and the keel members 10, 11 will be maximally spaced apart as shown in Fig. 3. In this position, the arms 18, 19 will be held against stops 5.
  • This particular embodiment is largely suited to smaller craft as the effort required to rotate the winding drum is directly proportional to the weight of the keel members.
  • the keel members 10, 11 are formed of wrought iron and in the configuration shown in Ffg. 3, the overall draught has been reduced by 65%.
  • Fig. 5 The embodiment shown in Fig. 5 is similar to that shown in ' Figs. 1 to 3 and like referenced numerals have the same meaning as in these figures.
  • This particular embodiment is suited to larger craft, which, owing to the greater weight of the keel members 10, 11, requires a more robust and mechically efficient means for hingedly moving the keel members.
  • the means 30 for hingedly moving the keel members 10, 11 comprises a pair of arms 31, each of which connects at a lower end to hinge means and keel members as previously described.
  • a sprocket 32 is provided, which sprocket is in engagement with a toothed surface 33.
  • An hydraulically driven motor 34 mounted on the upper end of each arm 31 drives sprocket 32.
  • the arms 31 will be on a side of the hull opposite to the side when the keel members were in the first position.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

Une structure de quille (9) conçue pour être utilisée sur des bateaux à voile comprend une paire d'éléments de quille de dimensions semblables (10, 11), dont chacun est relié à une extrémité supérieure par une charnière (12), les éléments de quille (10, 11) présentant chacun une surface intérieure (8) qui, dans une première position coopèrent pour former une quille (6) et un dispositif (13) permettant aux éléments de quille (10, 11) d'être déplacés sur leur charnière de telle sorte que lorsqu'ils quittent leur première position, la longueur effective de la quille (6) est réduite.
PCT/AU1986/000190 1985-07-05 1986-07-07 Quille a aile fendue WO1987000136A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPH1336 1985-07-05
AU133685 1985-07-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1987000136A1 true WO1987000136A1 (fr) 1987-01-15

Family

ID=3691893

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1986/000190 WO1987000136A1 (fr) 1985-07-05 1986-07-07 Quille a aile fendue

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0229785A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1987000136A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2639018A1 (fr) * 1988-11-15 1990-05-18 Jardilliet Roland Bateau a quille
FR2658477A1 (fr) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-23 Merville Pierre Quille de bateau escamotable.
GB2322334A (en) * 1997-02-25 1998-08-26 Stephen James Bryant Twin yacht keels
US5967074A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-10-19 Frantl; Erich Keel for sail ships
GB2342894A (en) * 1998-08-29 2000-04-26 David Charles White Water craft with a pair of independently moveable keels
FR2807999A1 (fr) * 2000-04-25 2001-10-26 Yves Kinard Dispositif destine a faire varier le tirant d'eau d'un navire avec comme corollaire de disposer d'une quille pendulaire augmentant le moment de stabilite
WO2005085060A1 (fr) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Buckley Systems Limited Ameliorations se rapportant aux systemes de ballasts et moyen correspondant destines a un bateau de plaisance
CN105539759A (zh) * 2015-12-22 2016-05-04 天津大学 一种蛙嘴式舭龙骨的控制方法
CN105539757A (zh) * 2015-12-22 2016-05-04 天津大学 一种外张型可开合舭龙骨
WO2017109700A1 (fr) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 Aliena S.A.S. Voilier

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE349779C (de) * 1922-03-07 Friedrich Mulsow Klappenschwert fuer Segelboote
DE349778C (de) * 1922-03-07 Friedrich Mulsow Klappenschwert fuer Segelboote
FR1430517A (fr) * 1965-03-09 1966-03-04 Quille lestée relevable pour embarcation à voile
FR1585199A (fr) * 1968-10-01 1970-01-09
DE2551319A1 (de) * 1975-11-13 1977-05-26 Heiko Guenther Friedri Schwarz Hochschwenkbarer kiel fuer segelboote
DE2941424A1 (de) * 1979-10-12 1981-04-23 Ernst-W. Ing.(grad.) 4400 Münster Zühlke Mittelkieleinheit mit spreizbaren kielflossen
FR2501147A1 (fr) * 1981-03-05 1982-09-10 Moinard Pierre Jean Quille escamotable a geometrie variable permettant par son developpement bilateral de varier le tirant d'eau d'un bateau en fonction des fonds marins. l'ouverture totale est utilisable en ber
US4378748A (en) * 1982-01-18 1983-04-05 Joel Kurtz Sailboat keel apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE349779C (de) * 1922-03-07 Friedrich Mulsow Klappenschwert fuer Segelboote
DE349778C (de) * 1922-03-07 Friedrich Mulsow Klappenschwert fuer Segelboote
FR1430517A (fr) * 1965-03-09 1966-03-04 Quille lestée relevable pour embarcation à voile
FR1585199A (fr) * 1968-10-01 1970-01-09
DE2551319A1 (de) * 1975-11-13 1977-05-26 Heiko Guenther Friedri Schwarz Hochschwenkbarer kiel fuer segelboote
DE2941424A1 (de) * 1979-10-12 1981-04-23 Ernst-W. Ing.(grad.) 4400 Münster Zühlke Mittelkieleinheit mit spreizbaren kielflossen
FR2501147A1 (fr) * 1981-03-05 1982-09-10 Moinard Pierre Jean Quille escamotable a geometrie variable permettant par son developpement bilateral de varier le tirant d'eau d'un bateau en fonction des fonds marins. l'ouverture totale est utilisable en ber
US4378748A (en) * 1982-01-18 1983-04-05 Joel Kurtz Sailboat keel apparatus

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2639018A1 (fr) * 1988-11-15 1990-05-18 Jardilliet Roland Bateau a quille
FR2658477A1 (fr) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-23 Merville Pierre Quille de bateau escamotable.
US5967074A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-10-19 Frantl; Erich Keel for sail ships
GB2322334A (en) * 1997-02-25 1998-08-26 Stephen James Bryant Twin yacht keels
GB2342894A (en) * 1998-08-29 2000-04-26 David Charles White Water craft with a pair of independently moveable keels
FR2807999A1 (fr) * 2000-04-25 2001-10-26 Yves Kinard Dispositif destine a faire varier le tirant d'eau d'un navire avec comme corollaire de disposer d'une quille pendulaire augmentant le moment de stabilite
WO2001081165A1 (fr) * 2000-04-25 2001-11-01 Yves Kinard Dispositif destine a faire varier le tirant d'eau d'un navire avec comme corollaire de disposer d'une quille pendulaire augmentant le moment de stabilite
WO2005085060A1 (fr) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Buckley Systems Limited Ameliorations se rapportant aux systemes de ballasts et moyen correspondant destines a un bateau de plaisance
CN105539759A (zh) * 2015-12-22 2016-05-04 天津大学 一种蛙嘴式舭龙骨的控制方法
CN105539757A (zh) * 2015-12-22 2016-05-04 天津大学 一种外张型可开合舭龙骨
CN105539759B (zh) * 2015-12-22 2018-01-16 天津大学 一种蛙嘴式舭龙骨的控制方法
WO2017109700A1 (fr) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 Aliena S.A.S. Voilier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0229785A1 (fr) 1987-07-29

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