WO1986007401A1

WO1986007401A1 - Spacer for armourings in a formwork

Info

Publication number: WO1986007401A1
Application number: PCT/EP1986/000344
Authority: WO
Inventors: Siegfried Dreizler
Original assignee: Siegfried Dreizler
Priority date: 1985-06-14
Filing date: 1986-06-09
Publication date: 1986-12-18
Also published as: DE3521345C2; ES295468Y; PT82750B; DE3521345A1; PT82750A; ES295468U; DE3670333D1; EP0227762A1; ZA864429B; EP0227762B1; AU6142486A

Abstract

Spacer (31), particularly in a concrete wall, comprised of a spacer bar (1), of at least a flat part (1) which, at the higher region (2) is firmly connected to the spacing bar (11), and of a spring element (20), an armouring bar (35) being set in place between the flat part (1) and the spring element (20). The flat part (1) is provided with a lateral recess (13) intended to house at least partially the armouring bar (35). A section (24) of the spring element (20) is directly arranged before the side (12) provided with a recess (13) of the flat part (1) and in the main plane of the latter, the configuration of the spring element (20) acting as grippers, enabling it to be elastically spaced apart laterally with respect to the side (12) of the flat part (1).

Description

Absfcandhalber for reinforcement in a formwork

The invention relates to a spacer for reinforcement, in particular a concrete wall, made of a spacer bar, at least one plate-shaped part, which is fixed to the upper part with the spacer bar

5 is connected, and Einein spring element, wherein a bar of ^{"reinforcement} between the plate-shaped part and the spring element can be inserted.

Such a spacer 0 for reinforcement mesh is known from DE-OS 31 MO 505. The plate-shaped part is connected in an upper area to the spacer bar via a welded connection. In the region of B dens, the plate-shaped part has a U-shaped Öffnun is ^l anchored at the one leg of a spring element. The spring element protrudes into the opening and is formed on this one leg to the side elastically wegdrüc bar. When inserting a rod of a reinforcement mat into the U-shaped opening from bottom to o, the spacer is placed so that the rod of the

20 reinforcement mat pushes the spring element to the side and pushes the rod in the U-shaped recess until it is approximately form-fitting rests on the bottom of the U. The curvature of the U is adapted to the thickness of the rod of the reinforcement mat used, so that different spacers are required for different thicknesses of reinforcement mat material. When the rod is fully inserted into the U-shaped recess, the spring element laterally pushed back during the insertion process springs back, so that the reinforcement mat is captively connected to the spacer.

Such spacers can only be used for a certain size of the bars of the reinforcement mats, so that, for example on a construction site where different thicknesses of reinforcement mats are processed, different spacers adapted to these thicknesses must be available. In addition, a spacer that has been pushed on is very difficult to remove again, so that an incorrectly attached spacer can only be removed again by destroying it.

B i a spacer known from DE-GM 77 32 466 brackets are attached to the spacer bar, which are bent essentially U-shaped from resilient wire. The ends of the wire clips are bent inwards so that one resilient lock results, which closes the opening delimited by the two legs of a clip. The legs of the wire clip can be bent open when greater forces occur. In order to counteract such bending, the diameter of the wire must have a relatively large value, which, however, is subject to narrow limits for economic and processing reasons. The U-shaped wire made of spring steel is welded to the spacer, so that with a strong wire a relatively long time cycle of the welding process is necessary, as a result of which the spring properties of the steel are negatively influenced and the clamping effect of the wire is no longer ' is guaranteed.

A spacer known from DE-OS 25 23 530 has a spacer rod, to which clamp-like clamping forks are welded, which have a first region for clamping rods of a small diameter and a second region adjoining them for clamping rods have a larger diameter. The kraπiponnrt-gen parts consist of bent wire and are welded to the spacer bar. The strength of the wire is also limited due to the welded connection, so that a see rer fit of the spacer on the reinforcement mats is not guaranteed. Spacers of this type are also not suitable for holding and holding bars of reinforcement mats of any thickness within a certain range.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a spacer of the type mentioned at the outset which, with inexpensive and rational manufacture and with simple handling, is suitable for receiving bars of reinforcements of different diameters, all of which ensure a secure fit of the Spacer is guaranteed.

The object is achieved in a spacer according to the invention in that the plate-shaped part has a recess on the side for at least partially receiving the rod of the reinforcement, and in that a section of the spring element immediately in front of the side of the plate-shaped part provided with the recess and in the main plane of which comes to rest, the spring element acting as a clamp being designed such that it can be elastically pushed away from this side of the plate-shaped part. The plate-shaped part, which is welded to the spacer, receives a part of the bar of the reinforcement in the lateral recess. The rod is in contact with the section of the spring element located in front of the recess and is held in the recess by its spring force. An inserted rod of the reinforcement is on the one hand held in the recess in a virtually form-fitting manner and on the other hand is pressed into the recess by the spring force of the spring element. In the case of rods of relatively small diameter, the spring element is only elastically pushed away laterally by a small amount, a relatively large part of the rod protruding into the recess. The stick is held securely. A force of approximately 10 kg is required to insert a rod. In the case of relatively large rods, the spring element is pushed away laterally by a larger amount, so that the rod is pressed into the recess with a greater force. Due to the larger diameter of the bar of the reinforcement, there is, relatively seen, a smaller proportion of the same with the recess in a quasi-positive fit, but overall, the relatively thick bar is also held firmly in the spacer. The plate-shaped part absorbs the high compressive forces that occur without deformation. The inventive The spacer can be used for all diameters of reinforcement bars that are usually used on a construction site, so that, for example, with a constant wall thickness, only one version of a spacer must be available on the construction site. The plate-shaped part is very inexpensive to manufacture as a stamped part and is fastened over a relatively large area to the spacer bar by means of a welded joint, so that an economical, versatile spacer is created.

In a preferred embodiment, the spring element consists of a wire which is formed from carbon spring steel. The wire expediently has a diameter of approximately 1.5 mm, the strength of the wire is 180 kg / mm.

Particularly advantageously, the spring element has in a first area approximately the shape of a right-angled "Z", which is continued in the writing direction of a "Z" in a second area by an approximately rectangular, initially bent down and almost closed loop, the "Z "and the" loop "lie approximately in one plane, and a End portion of the "loop" is directed to the transition area from "Z" to the "loop". This end section of the loop forms the section of the spring element that comes to rest immediately in front of the recess in the plate-shaped part. The "Z" -shaped area of the spring element is provided for connection to the plate-shaped part. The "loop" as a whole acts like a coil spring, so that the forces are absorbed by the entire area when the loop is pushed away to the side. If the spring element consists of wire, it can be kept very thin due to the special geometry.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the upper area of the plate-shaped part is provided with a bead into which the "Z" -shaped area of the spring element can be inserted.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of a spacer, the "Z" -shaped area of the spring element in the transition area from the "Z" to the "loop" is provided with an angle of slightly> 90 °, preferably 95 °, whereas the bead in this area takes the form of a strictly rectangular "Z", so that one in the bead inserted spring element, the wire is pressed against the edges of the bead, whereby the spring element is held tensioned in the bead.

In a particularly expedient embodiment, the diameter of the wire is slightly larger than the depth of the bead. The plate-shaped part is connected to the spacer, which is preferably formed by spot welding, in such a way that a spring element inserted into the bead is clamped between the plate-shaped part and the spacer bar. This particularly advantageous arrangement enables a sufficiently large welded connection area between the plate-shaped part and the spacer without the spring element itself being connected to the spacer via a welded connection, so that no disadvantageous change in the spring properties of the wire due to the action of heat takes place during the welding process. The bead in the plate-shaped part also contributes to the stiffening thereof.

Rods of different diameters can be held particularly securely in the recess in that they have a U- has a shaped contour, the straight base line of the "U" diverging in the direction of the lower region of the plate-shaped part with respect to a longitudinal axis of the vertical part of the "Z" of the bead.

Bars of reinforcement mats can be inserted into the spacer between the plate-shaped part and the spring element in a particularly secure and simple manner in that the plate-shaped part tapers in the lower region immediately afterwards along an edge to the U-shaped recess. Below the area of the plate-shaped part which is provided with the recess, an approximately funnel-shaped or V-shaped area is thus delimited between the spring element and the plate-shaped part, and the placement of the spacer on the bars of the reinforcement mat is thus facilitated. After placement, only the spring force has to be overcome in order to press the rods into the spacer.

This introduction option is additionally facilitated by the fact that the spring element runs approximately in the same direction, but oppositely inclined, opposite the edge of the tapering region. A preferred exemplary embodiment of a spacer according to the invention is described and explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Figure 1 is a side view of a plate-shaped

Part of a spacer according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a plan view of the aforementioned part, Figure 3 shows a spring element of an inventive

Spacer in the non-installed state, and Figure 4 is a partial view of a spacer according to the invention, which is supported on a formwork.

A plate-shaped part shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, hereinafter referred to as plate 1, has an upper 2, middle 3 and lower region 4. In the upper area 2, the plate 1 is provided with a double T-shaped bead 5, the vertical part 6 of which extends from the upper 2 through the middle 3 and into the lower area 4, in which it ends. A central axis 7 of the vertical part 6 the bead 5 corresponds to the deepest base line of the bead 5 and runs parallel to an outer edge 8 of the plate 1. Two flat areas 9 and 10 of the plate 1 in the upper area 2 serve as a connecting surface with a spacer rod 11, as shown in FIG. 1 by the dash-dotted line Line is indicated. The plate 1 is connected to the spacer rod 11 by means of spot welding connections.

In the central region 3, the plate 1 has a recess 13 on a side 12 opposite the edge 8. The recess 13 has a roughly U-shaped profile, a base line 14 of the “U” diverging in a straight line in the direction of the lower region 4 with respect to the axis 7. The divergence angle <? C shown in FIG. 2 is approximately 10 °. The legs 15, 16 of the U-shaped profile of the recess 13 run parallel to one another and approximately perpendicular to the axis 7, the leg 15 being longer than the leg 16 due to the divergence of the base line 14.

The plate 1 tapers in the lower region 4, as seen from the top downwards, immediately after the recess 13 along an edge 17. The taper angle β is approximately 17 °. The plate 1 is designed as a stamped sheet metal part and can be manufactured continuously without waste in the direction of the axis 7.

A spring element 20 shown in FIG. 3 has a first region 21, in which it assumes the shape of a right-angled "Z". Seen in the writing direction of a "Z", a second region 22 follows, in which the spring element 20 assumes the shape of an approximately rectangular, initially bent down and almost closed loop. The first region 21 and the second region 22 of the spring element lie in one plane. The loop of the second region 22 has an end section 24, the end 25 of which is directed towards a transition region 26 between the first region 21 and the second region 22 of the spring element 20. The transition region 26 is inclined relative to a vertical part or its axis 27 of the "Z" of the first region 21 by an angle in addition to the right angle of the "Z". The angle of inclination o is approximately 5 °.

The first area 21 of the spring element 20 with a "Z" shape is designed such that it can be inserted into the bead 5 of the plate 1 shown in FIG. 2 in the upper area 2, the axis 7 of the bead 5 and the axis 27 of the vertical part of the first region 21 of the spring element 20 coincide (see FIG. 4). Due to the additional deviation by the angle <f of the transition region 26 from the vertical axis 27, the spring element 20 must be pressed into the bead 5 in the assembly of the spacer, whereby it is tensioned and presses against the walls of the bead 5.

The spring element 20 is made of a wire made of carbon

2 spring steel with a strength of = 180 kg / mm. The spring element 20 has a diameter 28 which is slightly larger than a depth 29 of the bead 5 (see FIG. 1). When the spring element 20 is inserted into the bead 5, it projects slightly beyond a surface 30 of the plate 1. When using a wire, it is about 2/10 to 3/10 mm thicker than the depth 29 of the bead 5.

In the assembled state, as can be seen in FIG. 1, the spring element 20 is pressed into the bead 5 and the spacer rod 11 is welded to the flat areas 9 and 10 of the upper area 2 of the plate 1. The Fede element 20 is clamped between the spacer rod 11 and plate 1. In addition to receiving the spring element 20, the bead 5 also serves for stiffening purposes for the plate 1. 4 shows part of a spacer according to the invention which is supported on a casing 31. The spacer rod 11 has a plastic cap 32 at its end. Caps made of materials with an affinity for concrete (eg polymer concrete) can also be used.

A complete spacer, which is intended to keep two reinforcement meshes at a distance from one another, is constructed in such a way that a mirror image of the part shown in FIG.

In the fully assembled state shown in FIG. 4, the end section 24 of the spring element 20 comes to rest in front of the recess 13 of the plate 1. The second area 2, ie the loop of the spring element 20, lies in the

Main plane of the plate 1. A guide section 33 of the second region 22 of the spring element 20, which is located in the course of the loop in front of the end section 24, is bent in such a way that it runs approximately uniformly, but opposite the tapering edge 17 of the lower region 4 of the plate 1 so that an approximately V-shaped or funnel-shaped area 34 is delimited by the edge 17 and the guide section 33, whereby the spacer is pushed onto one Bar 35 of a reinforcement mat is relieved.

As indicated in FIG. 4 by an arrow 36, the spacer according to the invention is placed on a rod 35 of a reinforcement mat, the rod 35 being in contact with the guide section 33 and the edge 17 of the plate 1. The placement is facilitated by the V-shaped design, so that this process can be carried out very quickly and without special attention. The rod 35 is brought between the end section 24 and the recess 13 by a strong jerk while overcoming the spring force of the loop of the spring element 20. In the embodiment shown in FIG. A force of approximately -10 kg is necessary. The diameter of the rod ^'35 is approximately equal to the diameter of the spacer rod 11. However, the indicated in Fig. 4 spacers may also reinforcing mats larger rods with diameter are held. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the diameter of the spacer rod 11 is about 5 mm, the diameter range of the bars of reinforcement mats is about 5-10 mm, so that all common strengths of reinforcement mats can be used on construction sites. By designing the second area 22 of the spring element 20 as a loop, the force exerted on the loop is absorbed by the entire second area 22 during the lateral deflection movement of the spring element 20 when a rod 35 is pressed in. An inserted rod 35 of a reinforcement mat is thus pressed into the recess 13 with the spring force fully deployed and thus held completely securely. With bars of large diameter, the reinforcement mat can also be held securely without changing the geometry or the material of the spring element. A spacer accidentally placed in the wrong place on the reinforcement mat can be jerkily pulled back from the rod while overcoming a force, without the spacer being destroyed or the spring being bent - in such a way that reuse would no longer be possible. When it is put on again, a completely secure posture of the rod 35 of the reinforcement mat can be achieved.

Claims

Patentansp ^'EÜche

Spacers for reinforcements in a formwork (31), in particular a concrete wall, consisting of a spacer bar (11), at least one plate-shaped part (1) which is firmly connected to the spacer bar (11) at an upper region (2), and a spring element (20), a rod (35) of the reinforcement being insertable between the plate-shaped part (1) and the spring element (20), characterized in that the plate-shaped part (1) has a recess (13) on the side for at least partially receiving the rod (35) of the reinforcement, and that a section (24) of the spring element (20) immediately in front of the side (12) of the plate-form provided with the recess (13). Migen part and in its main plane comes to rest, the spring element (20) acting as a clamp from the side (12) of the plate-shaped part (1) is designed to be laterally elastically pushed away.

2. Spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring element (20) is formed by a wire made of carbon spring steel.

3. Spacer according to claim 2, characterized in that the wire has a diameter of approximately 1.5 mm.

4. Spacer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the wire has a strength of & =

2 180 kg / mm.

5. Spacer according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the spring element (20) in a first region (21) takes approximately the shape of a rectangular "Z" in the writing direction of a "Z" in a second region (22nd ) is continued, in which the spring element assumes an approximately rectangular loop, which is initially bent downward and almost closed, the "Z" and the "loop" lying in one plane.

6. Spacer according to claim 5, characterized in that the second region (22), in which the spring element takes the form of a loop, has an end portion (24) which on a transition region (26) between the first region (21) and the second Area (22) is directed, the end section (24) forming the section of the spring element (20) which comes to rest immediately in front of the recess (13) of the plate-shaped part (1).

7. Spacer according to claim 5 and following, characterized ge indicates that the angle between a vertical (27) of the "Z" of the first region (21) of the spring element (20) and the transition region (26) to the "loop" more than 90 °, preferably about 95 °.

8. Spacer according to claim 1 and following, characterized ge indicates that the plate-shaped part has a central region (3) in which it is provided with the lateral recess (13) and a lower region (4)

9. Spacer according to claim 8, characterized in that the plate-shaped part (1) is provided with a bead (5), wherein in the upper region (2) of the plate- för igen part (1) in the bead (5) the first region (21) of the spring element (20) with the "Z" shape can be inserted.

10. Spacer according to claim 9, characterized in that the bead (5) is designed in the form of a strictly rectangular "Z".

11. Spacer according to claim 7, 9 and 10, characterized in that in the bead (5) insertable Feder¬ element (20) in the form of a wire has a diameter

(28) which is slightly larger than a depth

(29) the bead (5).

12. Spacer according to claim 7 and 10, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that in a bead (5) inserted first region (21) of the spring element (20) with a different from the bead (5) geometry, pressing the spring element ( 20) against the edges of the bead (5).

13. Spacer according to claim 11 and 12, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the plate-shaped part (1) in such a way Upper area (2) is fastened with the spacer bar (11) in such a way that a wire inserted into the bead (5) is clamped between the plate-shaped part (1) and the spacer bar (11).

14. Spacer according to claim 1, 12 or 13, characterized ge indicates that the plate-shaped part (1) on two flat areas (9, 10) of the upper area (2) is welded to the spacer bar, the bead (5) runs in the longitudinal direction of the plate-shaped part (1) between the two flat regions (9, 10).

15. Spacer according to claim 1 and the following, characterized ge indicates that the lateral recess (13) in the plate-shaped part (1) has a U-shaped contour, wherein a base line (14) of the "U" in a straight line Direction of the lower area (4) of the plate-shaped part with respect to a longitudinal axis (7) of the vertical part of the "Z" of the bead (5) diverges.

16. Spacer according to claim 15, characterized in that the divergence angle (ö is about 10 °.

17. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate-shaped part (1) tapers in the lower region (4) immediately adjoining the recess (13) along an edge (17).

18. Spacer according to claim 17, characterized in that the taper angle (ß>) with respect to the longitudinal axis (7) is approximately 17 °.

19. Spacer according to claim 17 and 18, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that an edge (17) of the lower region (4) of the plate-shaped part opposite guide section (33) of the second region (22) of the Feder¬ element (20) runs in such a way that a V-shaped area (34) is delimited by the edge (17) and the guide section (33), as a result of which a bar (35) of a reinforcement is pressed into the spacer between the plate-shaped part (1) and the spring element (20) is easier.