WO1986006297A1 - Appareil et methode de decontamination d'hydrocarbures contenant du pcb - Google Patents

Appareil et methode de decontamination d'hydrocarbures contenant du pcb Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1986006297A1
WO1986006297A1 PCT/US1985/000755 US8500755W WO8606297A1 WO 1986006297 A1 WO1986006297 A1 WO 1986006297A1 US 8500755 W US8500755 W US 8500755W WO 8606297 A1 WO8606297 A1 WO 8606297A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrocarbons
pcb
reactor
accordance
sodium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1985/000755
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert G. Layman
Linwood B. Kemp
Original Assignee
Layman Robert G
Kemp Linwood B
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US06/538,307 priority Critical patent/US4514294A/en
Application filed by Layman Robert G, Kemp Linwood B filed Critical Layman Robert G
Priority to PCT/US1985/000755 priority patent/WO1986006297A1/fr
Priority to EP19850902358 priority patent/EP0219496A4/fr
Publication of WO1986006297A1 publication Critical patent/WO1986006297A1/fr
Priority to KR860700874A priority patent/KR870700396A/ko
Priority to FI865118A priority patent/FI865118A0/fi
Priority to DK623686A priority patent/DK623686A/da
Priority to NO86865254A priority patent/NO865254L/no

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D57/00—Separation, other than separation of solids, not fully covered by a single other group or subclass, e.g. B03C
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/148—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
    • C07C7/14833—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with metals or their inorganic compounds
    • C07C7/14841—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with metals or their inorganic compounds metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/32—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by treatment in molten chemical reagent, e.g. salts or metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/36—Detoxification by using acid or alkaline reagents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2203/00—Aspects of processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change in the substances
    • A62D2203/10—Apparatus specially adapted for treating harmful chemical agents; Details thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention solves all of the presently known problems associated with hydrocarbons contaminated with PCB.
  • the present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for removing PCB from hydrocarbons.
  • the method of the present invention is preferably practiced by way of a mobile vehicle adapted to process the hydrocarbons.
  • a mobile vehicle adapted to process the hydrocarbons.
  • metallic sodium preferably finely divided, is melted and added to the hydrocarbons in an amount sufficient to reduce PCB to less than 2 ppm.
  • the mixture is separated so as to remove the reactant sodium chloride and phenyl polymer from the hydro ⁇ carbons.
  • the hydrocarbon is filtered and then stored.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view through a trailer illus ⁇ trating apparatus utilized in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus shown in figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view through a separator. Detailed Description
  • Vehicle 10 is preferably a 45- foot long trailer 12 having a chassis 14 coupled to a wheel assembly 16.
  • the trailer 12 is adapted to be pulled by a tractor in a conventional manner.
  • the present inven ⁇ tion enables the trailer to be driven to the site of the hydrocarbons to be treated. All of the apparatus necessary for treating hydrocarbons is disposed within the trailer 12.
  • a trailer 12 has an inlet pump and meter 18 adapted to be coupled to a source of hydrocarbons to be treated.
  • Pump 18 communicates with a filter 20 designed only to remove water from the hydrocarbons.
  • Filter 20 alternatively communicates with either reactor 22 or reactor 24 by way of valved conduit 26.
  • Each reactor communicates at its lower end with a valved conduit 28.
  • Conduit 28 is connec ⁇ ted to one end a heat exchanger 30.
  • the other end of heat exchanger 30 is connected to the top of the reactors 22, 24 by way of valved conduit 32.
  • Conduits 28 and 32 facili ⁇ tate continuous circulation of hydrocarbons through the heat exchanger 30.
  • Each heat exchanger may also include its own heater such as a plurality of four 3KV heaters.
  • a chemical injector 34 communicates at its upper end with valved conduit 33.
  • Chemical injector 34 has an access opening not shown to facilitate introducing finely divided metallic sodium.
  • the lower end of injector 34 communicates with each of the reactors 22, 24 by way of valved conduit 32.
  • each reactor communicates with a valved conduit 38.
  • Conduit 38 is connected to a sodium separator 40.
  • separator 40 includes a housing in which is located an upright filter 42. Filter 42 is preferably filled with steel wool. Entry into the filter 42 is from the perforated bottom. Hydro ⁇ carbons passing up through the filter 42 communicate with the upper end of a standpipe 44 and then pass downwardly through the pipe 44. The direction of flow is illustrated by arrows in Figure 3.
  • the pipe 44 is coupled by way of a valve to a first clay filter 46 and then by way of conduit 49 to a final fil ⁇ ter 50.
  • discharge from clay filter 46 may be directly to clay filter 48 which communicates by way of conduit 52 with the conduit 49.
  • pipe 44 may communicate directly with filter 48 by way of valve conduit 54 and thereby bypass filter 46.
  • the final filter 50 is preferably a 1/2 micron filter which polishes the hydrocarbons.
  • Filter 50 communicates with a storage tank 56 attached to the bottom of the chassis 14. Hydrocarbons may be withdrawn from the tank 56 by way of a pump and hose disposed within the housing 58.
  • Tank 56 preferably has a capacity of about 1,000 gallons.
  • Pumps are provided in various conduits as shown in the drawing to main ⁇ tain a uniform throughput.
  • the reactors 22 and 24 are utilized alternatively for batch handling of the hydrocarbons to be processed.
  • the most common types of hydrocarbons to be processed are trans ⁇ former oil containing PCB as a fire retardant.
  • the present invention is desired to reduce PCB to less than 2 ppm. Hydrocarbons having an excess of 4,000 ppm have been suc ⁇ cessfully processed utilizing the apparatus of the present invention.
  • the vehicle 10 is transported to the location of the hydrocarbons to be processed.
  • the source of hydrocarbons is connected to the inlet of pump 18.
  • Pump 18 includes a meter for registering or recording the amount of hydrocarbons processed. Pump 18 pumps the hydrocarbons through filter 20 where water is removed so that the hydrocarbons are substantially free of water when introduced to one of the reactors 22, 24. Let it be assumed that the hydrocarbons are communicated from filter 20 to the reactor 22. After a sample of the hydrocarabons is drawn for a gas chromato ⁇ graph analysis, the hydrocarbons within the reactor 22 are heated. In addition, the temperature of the hydrocarbons is increased by pumping the hydrocarbons from the reactor 22 through the heat exchanger 30 and back to the reactor 22.
  • the 1254 arachlor is predominant, that is, has a concentration of about 100 to about 2500 ppm, it is preferred to use a bulk sodium of size from about one quarter inch to about one half inch in maximum dimension.
  • the size of the sodium determines the length of time it takes to destroy the PCB's, the larger the sodium particles, the longer it takes to melt the sodium. Since it takes longer to destroy the 1250 arachlor than the other arachlors, the larger size bulk sodium is preferred for the 1250 arachlor.
  • Temperature and flow rates are monitored on a control panel 60.
  • the valves associated with conduits 32 and 33 are manipu ⁇ lated so as to cause the circulating hydrocarbons to flow through the injector 34 and melt a predetermined amount of finely divided metallic sodium.
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention involves adding .03 grams of sodium for each ppm of PCB for each gallon of hydrocarbon being treated. For a 500 gallon batch, 42.7 pounds of sodium are added to injector 34 where the hydrocarbons had 4,179 ppm of PCB.
  • the mixture is directed from reactor 22 through the heat exchanger and to the injector and back to the reactor.
  • the flow of hydrocarbon can be directed solely between the reactor and the injector after the hydrocarbon is brought back to temperature.
  • the mix ⁇ ture is agitated.
  • a sample of the hydrocarbons being processed is analyzed with a gas chroma ⁇ tograph to ascertain the ppm of the PCB.
  • valves associated with conduit 38 are open so that the mixture may be directed by way of conduit 38 to the separator 40.
  • the hydrocarbons pass upwardly through the steel wool filter 42 and downwardly through the standpipe 44.
  • Sodium chloride and phenyl polymers which result from the reaction of the sodium with the PCB are retained within the separator 40.
  • the decontaminated hydrocarbons are pumped through one or both of the clay filters 46, 48 to the final filter 50.
  • the hydrocarbons are pumped to the storage tank 56. While sodium is being added to the -6-
  • a second batch may be processed by filling reactor 24 and circulat ⁇ ing hydrocarbons containing PCB from reactor 24 and through the heat exchanger 30.
  • potassium and lithium may be used, finely divided metallic sodium is preferred as the source of the metal for combining with the chlorine in PCB since it is the least volatile, the least expensive, and works the fastest.
  • the temperature of 130°C was chosen since metallic sodium will liquify and flow rapidly at that temperature. While higher temperatures may be used, we prefer to avoid such higher temperatures so as to avoid producing other toxic substances such as dioxin. Since the melting point of sodium is 97.6°C, a suitable temperature range for the temperature of hydrocarbon is 110°C to 140°C with 130°C being preferred since sodium flows readily and rapidly mixes with the hydrocarbon at that temperature. No attempt is made herein to describe features of common knowledge such as how to measure the amount of PCB present, closing of valves which should be closed, periodic removal of residue in collector 40, etc.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Appareil monté sur un véhicule mobile (10) et utilisé pour transformer des hydrocarbures présentant une haute toxicité en raison de la présence de PCB. Les hydrocarbures contenant du PCB sont mélangés à du sodium métallique à une température d'environ 130oC, le mélange étant ensuite séparé de manière à isoler ses composants, dont l'un est un hydrocarbure contenant moins de deux parties par million environ de PCB. L'eau est retirée des hydrocarbures par un filtre (20) et dirigée vers un réacteur (22, 24). Les hydrocarbures sont portés à la température voulue par mouvements cycliques de l'hydrocarbure entre le thermoéchangeur (30) et le réacteur. Le sodium métallique est ensuite ajouté en faisant couler l'hydrocarbure chauffé le long d'un éjecteur chimique. Le chlorure de sodium et le polymère phénylique réactifs sont séparés de l'hydrocarbure par un séparateur (40).
PCT/US1985/000755 1983-10-03 1985-04-29 Appareil et methode de decontamination d'hydrocarbures contenant du pcb WO1986006297A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/538,307 US4514294A (en) 1983-10-03 1983-10-03 Apparatus for decontaminating hydrocarbons containing PCB
PCT/US1985/000755 WO1986006297A1 (fr) 1985-04-29 1985-04-29 Appareil et methode de decontamination d'hydrocarbures contenant du pcb
EP19850902358 EP0219496A4 (fr) 1985-04-29 1985-04-29 Appareil et methode de decontamination d'hydrocarbures contenant du pcb.
KR860700874A KR870700396A (ko) 1985-04-29 1986-12-08 Pcb함유 탄화수소의 오염제거장치 및 방법
FI865118A FI865118A0 (fi) 1985-04-29 1986-12-16 Anordning och foerfarande foer rening av pcb innehaollande kolvaeten.
DK623686A DK623686A (da) 1985-04-29 1986-12-22 Apparat og fremgangsmaade til fjernelse af pcb fra carbonhydrider
NO86865254A NO865254L (no) 1985-04-29 1986-12-22 Utstyr og fremgangsmaate for rensing av hydrokarboner som inneholder pcb (polyklorert bifenyl).

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1985/000755 WO1986006297A1 (fr) 1985-04-29 1985-04-29 Appareil et methode de decontamination d'hydrocarbures contenant du pcb

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1986006297A1 true WO1986006297A1 (fr) 1986-11-06

Family

ID=22188660

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1985/000755 WO1986006297A1 (fr) 1983-10-03 1985-04-29 Appareil et methode de decontamination d'hydrocarbures contenant du pcb

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0219496A4 (fr)
KR (1) KR870700396A (fr)
DK (1) DK623686A (fr)
FI (1) FI865118A0 (fr)
NO (1) NO865254L (fr)
WO (1) WO1986006297A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0305046A1 (fr) * 1987-07-27 1989-03-01 Rhone-Poulenc Basic Chemicals Co. Procédé de décontamination d'un lieu contaminé par du phosphore tétraatomique pyrophorique
GB2281305A (en) * 1993-08-27 1995-03-01 John Robson Metals Limited Removing chlorinated organic compounds from oil
KR101009758B1 (ko) * 2009-11-23 2011-01-19 (주)그린필드 이동식 정화공정설비를 이용한 폴리염화비페닐류(PCBs) 처리방법

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3388800A (en) * 1965-12-02 1968-06-18 Champion Lab Inc Axial flow, compressible element, filter unit with bypass means
US3491882A (en) * 1968-05-08 1970-01-27 James D Elam Method and apparatus for breaking emulsions
US3630365A (en) * 1969-06-11 1971-12-28 Energy Systems Inc Transportable liquid waste treatment plant
US4379752A (en) * 1980-08-25 1983-04-12 Sun-Ohio, Inc. Method for destruction of polyhalogenated biphenyls
US4379746A (en) * 1980-08-18 1983-04-12 Sun-Ohio, Inc. Method of destruction of polychlorinated biphenyls
US4383920A (en) * 1981-05-29 1983-05-17 Ecolochem, Inc. Mobile fluid purification system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4340471A (en) * 1980-07-23 1982-07-20 Sun-Ohio Inc. System and apparatus for the continuous destruction and removal of polychlorinated biphenyls from fluids
US4377471A (en) * 1980-12-03 1983-03-22 General Electric Company Method for removing polychlorinated biphenyls from transformer oil

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3388800A (en) * 1965-12-02 1968-06-18 Champion Lab Inc Axial flow, compressible element, filter unit with bypass means
US3491882A (en) * 1968-05-08 1970-01-27 James D Elam Method and apparatus for breaking emulsions
US3630365A (en) * 1969-06-11 1971-12-28 Energy Systems Inc Transportable liquid waste treatment plant
US4379746A (en) * 1980-08-18 1983-04-12 Sun-Ohio, Inc. Method of destruction of polychlorinated biphenyls
US4379752A (en) * 1980-08-25 1983-04-12 Sun-Ohio, Inc. Method for destruction of polyhalogenated biphenyls
US4383920A (en) * 1981-05-29 1983-05-17 Ecolochem, Inc. Mobile fluid purification system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0219496A4 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0305046A1 (fr) * 1987-07-27 1989-03-01 Rhone-Poulenc Basic Chemicals Co. Procédé de décontamination d'un lieu contaminé par du phosphore tétraatomique pyrophorique
GB2281305A (en) * 1993-08-27 1995-03-01 John Robson Metals Limited Removing chlorinated organic compounds from oil
KR101009758B1 (ko) * 2009-11-23 2011-01-19 (주)그린필드 이동식 정화공정설비를 이용한 폴리염화비페닐류(PCBs) 처리방법

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI865118A (fi) 1986-12-16
NO865254L (no) 1987-02-27
KR870700396A (ko) 1987-12-29
NO865254D0 (no) 1986-12-22
EP0219496A4 (fr) 1987-09-08
FI865118A0 (fi) 1986-12-16
EP0219496A1 (fr) 1987-04-29
DK623686D0 (da) 1986-12-22
DK623686A (da) 1986-12-22

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