WO1986003552A1 - Installation d'epuration de gaz - Google Patents

Installation d'epuration de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1986003552A1
WO1986003552A1 PCT/DE1985/000300 DE8500300W WO8603552A1 WO 1986003552 A1 WO1986003552 A1 WO 1986003552A1 DE 8500300 W DE8500300 W DE 8500300W WO 8603552 A1 WO8603552 A1 WO 8603552A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrodes
housing
particles
coagulator
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1985/000300
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ilan Brauer
Gerhard BRÜGGEN
Manfred Gaugler
Dieter Karr
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO1986003552A1 publication Critical patent/WO1986003552A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
    • B03C3/0175—Amassing particles by electric fields, e.g. agglomeration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/09—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces at right angles to the gas stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0892—Electric or magnetic treatment, e.g. dissociation of noxious components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cleaning gases according to the preamble of the main claim, as it has already become known from DE-OS 32 38 793.8.
  • the device described there is designed such that hollow cylindrical or flat electrodes are arranged in the flow direction of the gases to be cleaned. This means that a relatively large volume is required for the device in order to effect sufficient coagulation of the particles for the subsequent mechanical separation.
  • the device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that due to the special field conditions and / or through longer distances there is a greater coagulation of the particles to be separated, so that a good efficiency can be achieved with a compact system.
  • An arrangement in which the electrodes are designed as wire grids and through which the gas to be cleaned flows has proven to be a particularly expedient design.
  • This arrangement has the advantage that there is approximately the same flow velocity of the gases in the area of the entire device, so that the structural design of the arrangement can be easily optimized.
  • the parallel arrangement of a plurality of such wire electrodes also results in a high electric field strength at a relatively low high voltage.
  • the wire material of the wire grids used for the electrodes should be dimensioned such that the grids can be designed to be self-supporting and require no additional mechanical stiffeners which increase the design effort.
  • the electrodes are designed as disk-shaped sheets, which deflect the gas flow and thereby considerably lengthen the path of the gases and increase the coagulation rate.
  • an arrangement has proven to be expedient in which the electrodes at high voltage potential are mounted on a common carrier, while the electrodes at ground potential are attached to a housing wall.
  • the number of bushings for the high voltage to be insulated from the housing is limited to one or possibly two places, which further simplifies the structural design of the device.
  • the ground electrodes fastened in the housing are provided with a slot for the carrier to pass through.
  • Another advantageous design of the two electrode groups can be designed in such a way that the high-voltage electrodes and the ground electrodes are each fastened to a disc end on a common carrier or to the housing wall, so that the electrode groups are pushed into one another when the device is assembled without a threading slot or the like can.
  • the electrodes and the housing surrounding them may be round, oval or rectangular.
  • a round arrangement has the advantage that the same flow conditions prevail at practically every location within the device, while an oval or rectangular configuration with a correspondingly predetermined installation space allows a larger volume of the device, which may increase the efficiency if necessary.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section by a device according to the invention and Figure 2 is a plan view of an electrode made of a wire mesh.
  • arrows 10 indicate a gas flow which, when entering the device, is loaded with the finely divided particles to be separated via a nozzle 11.
  • the gas stream 10 leaves the part of the device according to the invention which is of interest here via a connecting piece 12 to a centrifugal separator 18, from which a cleaned gas stream 19a on the one hand and the separated particles 19b on the other hand emerge.
  • the high-voltage part of the device referred to below as the coagulator, has a housing 13 made of sheet metal, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is designed as a cylindrical jacket part and is connected to ground potential.
  • the end wall of the coagulator facing the gas inlet is designated by 14, the opposite end wall on the gas outlet side by 15.
  • An electrically conductive support 16 is held in an insulator 17 in the end wall 14.
  • the carrier is due to positive high voltage potential.
  • the opposite end of the carrier 16 can additionally be mounted on the end wall 15 by means of a holder 20 if the size of the device or particularly strong mechanical loads, for example in a motor vehicle, require this.
  • the end walls 14 and 15 of the coagulator are preferably made of electrically non-conductive material.
  • disc-shaped electrodes 21 which are at high voltage potential are electrically and mechanically fastened on the carrier 16.
  • Figure 2 shows the design of the high-voltage electrodes 21 from a wire mesh 25 which is braided from individual wires 26 and has a stiffening edge 27.
  • the electrodes 22, which are at ground potential, also consist of a corresponding wire mesh with a similar mesh and essentially the same dimensions.
  • the carrier 16 on which the high-voltage electrodes 21 are held can be seen in the middle of the wire grid 25.
  • the design according to the invention achieves a significant increase in efficiency.
  • the disk-shaped electrodes 21 and 22 are connected in parallel in large numbers and alternately acted upon with positive and negative potential in an arrangement that results in an electric field strength below the ionization field strength. In the case of corresponding systems, it has proven useful to limit the electric field strength to a value of approximately 10 kV / cm.
  • the distance between the electrodes 21 and 22 should be approximately 5 mm to 10 mm, on the one hand to achieve a high field strength and on the other hand to avoid contact between the electrodes with certainty.
  • the same flow rate and a large active electrode area are achieved in the entire coagulator area.
  • the latter causes particles with Store a sufficiently high dielectric constant in the electric field on the metallic electrodes 21 and 22 and grow together to form larger agglomerates if the flow velocity within the arrangement does not exceed a predetermined value of, for example, less than 1 m / s.
  • a dielectric constant of approx. 100 was measured for soot particles in the exhaust gas of diesel engines. If the particles, which become dipoles due to the electric field, are close to the charged electrode surface 21 or 22, they experience an acceleration towards the surface because they are attracted to the surface due to the opposite polarity of the dipoles.
  • Soot particles predominantly have rod-like geometries. They are therefore particularly easy to align in the electrical field and are therefore very suitable for the intended, temporary attachment process to the electrodes.
  • adhesive forces hold the particle at one end of the rod. There is some charge equalization because the carbon of the soot particles is semiconducting.
  • the free end of the individual attached particle or the free end of the attached agglomerate has the same charge as the electrode surface. The repulsive effect due to the electrical charges of the same name is canceled out by adhesive forces.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Installation pour débarasser des gaz de particules ou gouttelettes notamment pour des gaz d'échappement lors de la combustion de carburants d'origine fossile spécialement pour des moteurs diesel. L'installation contient un dispositif coagulateur avec des électrodes haute tension (21, 22) dans lequel les petites particules sont transformées en dipôles par polarisation ou par influence et forment des agglomérats de plus grande taille. Ainsi, l'efficacité d'un séparateur (18) mécanique agencé à la suite du parcours des gaz est augmentée. Les électrodes (21, 22) sont aménagées dans une enceinte (13) du coagulateur perpendiculairement au courant gazeux (10). De cette façon l'efficacité de l'installation avec un volume donné est sensiblement améliorée.
PCT/DE1985/000300 1984-12-13 1985-08-31 Installation d'epuration de gaz WO1986003552A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843445406 DE3445406A1 (de) 1984-12-13 1984-12-13 Vorrichtung zum reinigen von gasen
DEP3445406.3 1984-12-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1986003552A1 true WO1986003552A1 (fr) 1986-06-19

Family

ID=6252630

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1985/000300 WO1986003552A1 (fr) 1984-12-13 1985-08-31 Installation d'epuration de gaz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0203928A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3445406A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986003552A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9407861U1 (de) * 1994-05-11 1995-10-19 Siemens AG, 80333 München Vorrichtung zur Entgiftung von Abgasen aus mobilen Anlagen
CN113356966B (zh) * 2021-06-17 2023-05-26 东风小康汽车有限公司重庆分公司 一种汽车尾气颗粒处理器及尾气处理装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE322188C (de) * 1918-12-05 1920-06-22 Siemens Schuckertwerke G M B H Elektrische Anlage zur Reinigung von Gasen
FR834510A (fr) * 1937-07-27 1938-11-23 Dispositif pour la suppression des fumées d'échappement des automobiles, locomotives et autres appareils analogues
JPS57186012A (en) * 1981-05-13 1982-11-16 Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd Exhaust gas purifier for internal combustion engine
DE3141156A1 (de) * 1981-10-16 1983-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entfernen von festen bestandteilen und aerosolen, insbesondere von russbestandteilen aus dem abgas von brennkraftmaschinen
JPS59145314A (ja) * 1983-02-04 1984-08-20 Mitsubishi Motors Corp デイ−ゼルパテイキユレ−ト補集装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE322188C (de) * 1918-12-05 1920-06-22 Siemens Schuckertwerke G M B H Elektrische Anlage zur Reinigung von Gasen
FR834510A (fr) * 1937-07-27 1938-11-23 Dispositif pour la suppression des fumées d'échappement des automobiles, locomotives et autres appareils analogues
JPS57186012A (en) * 1981-05-13 1982-11-16 Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd Exhaust gas purifier for internal combustion engine
DE3141156A1 (de) * 1981-10-16 1983-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entfernen von festen bestandteilen und aerosolen, insbesondere von russbestandteilen aus dem abgas von brennkraftmaschinen
JPS59145314A (ja) * 1983-02-04 1984-08-20 Mitsubishi Motors Corp デイ−ゼルパテイキユレ−ト補集装置

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 7, No. 31, 08 February 1983, page 1176, M-192 & JP, A, 57186012 (Fuji Denki Kenyusho K.K.) 16 November 1982, see the whole Abstract *
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 8, No. 124, 14 December 1984, page 1711, M-345 & JP, A, 59145314 (Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo K.K.) 20 August 1984, see the whole Abstract *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3445406A1 (de) 1986-06-19
EP0203928A1 (fr) 1986-12-10

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