Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
  • B03C3/0175—Amassing particles by electric fields, e.g. agglomeration
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
  • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
  • B03C3/70—Applications of electricity supply techniques insulating in electric separators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
  • F01N3/0892—Electric or magnetic treatment, e.g. dissociation of noxious components
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device according to the type of the main claim, as is known for example from the magazine Chem.-Ing.-Techn. 48th year 1976, No. 1, page 33.
• a major difficulty with such devices is to ensure the electrical insulation between the high-voltage electrodes when cleaning gases from electrically conductive particles. If the electrical insulation is not guaranteed, leakage currents and finally short circuits between the electrodes occur, so that continuous operation of the device is impossible.
• the device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that a precipitation of conductive particles in the insulation area between the high-voltage electrodes is avoided with simple means. Flushing the areas to be insulated with compressed air has proven to be particularly expedient and economical, because it can be provided inexpensively and with the required pressure.
• Flushing the surface to be insulated in the manner of a cascade with a plurality of flushing rooms connected in series is particularly advantageous, the gas passages between the insulated surface to be flushed and the opposing limits advantageously increasing gradually in the direction of the gas flow.
• the amount of purge gas can be reduced to about a third of the amount otherwise required and a continuous and uniform flow is achieved at the front exit of the cascade, so that reliable insulation is ensured.
• FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the device with radial flushing gas supply at both ends of the device
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged illustration of the design of a cascade-shaped gas flushing of the insulating surface.
• the device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that a precipitation of conductive particles in the insulation area between the high-voltage electrodes is avoided with simple means. Flushing the areas to be insulated with compressed air has proven to be particularly expedient and economical, because it can be provided inexpensively and with the required pressure.
• Flushing the surface to be insulated in the manner of a cascade with a plurality of flushing rooms connected in series is particularly advantageous, the gas passages between the insulated surface to be flushed and the opposing limits advantageously increasing gradually in the direction of the gas flow.
• the amount of purge gas can be reduced to about a third of the amount otherwise required and a continuous and uniform flow is achieved at the front exit of the cascade, so that reliable insulation is ensured.
• FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the device with radial flushing gas supply at both ends of the device
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged illustration of the design of a cascade-shaped gas flushing of the insulating surface. Description of the embodiments
• 10 denotes a coagulator, which essentially consists of a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12 connected to ground.
• the positive electrode 11 sits on an insulator 13, through which a current lead 14 to the electrode 11 is passed.
• an essentially identical insulating part 15 each having a gas inlet 16 for a purge gas 29.
• one-sided mounting and locking of the electrodes 11 and 12 would also be possible with only one insulating material part 15 with correspondingly small dimensions of the coagulator, the exhaust gas leaving the coagulator 10 in the axial direction.
• the gas 30 to be cleaned is introduced into the coagulator 10 via a feed 18 and leaves it via a discharge 19.
• the gas then reaches a mechanical separator 21, possibly with the shortest possible pipeline 20, at the outlet of which the cleaned one Gas escapes.
• the cleaning device shown in Figure 1 is designed in two stages and consists on the one hand of the coagulator 10, in which small, finely divided particles are coagulated into larger agglomerates, which are removed from the gas to be cleaned in the downstream mechanical separator.
• the coagulator consists of two cylindrical electrodes 11 and 12, between which an electric field E is applied.
• the field Strength of the electrical field E is such that no ionization phenomena occur, so that practically no electrical power is consumed in the coagulator 10.
• the gas with the particles to be removed flows through the coagulator 10 in the axial direction, polarization of the particles in the field direction resulting from the electric field due to influential charges.
• the finely divided particles coagulate to form larger agglomerates, which leave the coagulator 10 at the gas discharge 19 and, due to their relatively large masses, can be easily separated in a simply constructed mechanical separator 21, for example a cyclone.
• the present invention relates to the purging of the electrically insulating surface 17 of the insulator 13 with a gas which is free of electrically conductive particles which could be deposited on the surface 17.
• the coagulator works on the principle of electrical influential charges, ie it works the better the greater the mobility of the electrical charges in the particles to be removed from the exhaust gas. This means that the coagulator is particularly well suited for the treatment of electrically conductive substances such as the soot-containing exhaust gases from combustion processes of fossil fuels.
• the conductive particles must be kept away from the insulating surface 17, which is preferably achieved by flushing with compressed air.
• the purge gas 29 enters the coagulator 10 through the inlets 16 and, after a corresponding deflection, generates an axial flow on the surface 17 which is opposite to the flow of the gas to be cleaned and thus forms a deposit 28 of particles prevents the gas to be cleaned on the electrically insulating surface. In this way, the electrical insulation between the high-voltage electrodes 10 and 11 remains guaranteed even after the arrangement has been in operation for a long time without the need for intermediate cleaning or the like.
• the device shown in Figure 1 from a coagulator 10 and a mechanical separator 21 is only one application example for the measure according to the invention for electrical insulation between the high voltage electrodes of electrical gas cleaning systems high-voltage electrical separator when cleaning gases from electrically conductive particles the same problem occurs.
• other purge gases can also be used, for example nitrogen or noble gas. These flushing gases have the advantage that undesired chemical reactions in the coagulator are avoided.
• FIG. 2 shows a special exemplary embodiment in which the electrically insulating surface 17 is rinsed in the manner of a cascade with a plurality of rinsing spaces 22, 23, 24 connected in series.
• the gas passages 25, 26 and 27 have gradually larger cross-sections between the insulating surface 17 to be flushed and the opposite boundaries on the insulating part 15 in the direction of the flushing gas flow, so that the flushing gas flow is smoothed towards its outlet.
• the deposits indicated at 28, which are or at least contain conductive particles when cleaning the exhaust gases of fossil fuels, cannot migrate as far as the insulating part 15, so that an adequate insulation distance is always maintained.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=6176138

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (3)

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Citations (3)

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• 1982
  • 1982-10-20 DE DE19823238794 patent/DE3238794A1/de active Granted
• 1983
  • 1983-09-30 EP EP83903085A patent/EP0122265A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-09-30 WO PCT/DE1983/000167 patent/WO1984001602A1/de unknown
  • 1983-10-18 IT IT23340/83A patent/IT1171774B/it active

Patent Citations (3)

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