Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B45/00—Other details
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B21/00—Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases
  • C10B21/10—Regulating and controlling the combustion
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
  • C10B33/08—Pushers, e.g. rams
  • C10B33/10—Pushers, e.g. rams for horizontal chambers
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/0044—Furnaces, ovens, kilns
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/04—Casings
  • G01J5/041—Mountings in enclosures or in a particular environment
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/04—Casings
  • G01J5/046—Materials; Selection of thermal materials
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/04—Casings
  • G01J5/048—Protective parts
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/05—Means for preventing contamination of the components of the optical system; Means for preventing obstruction of the radiation path
  • G01J5/051—Means for preventing contamination of the components of the optical system; Means for preventing obstruction of the radiation path using a gas purge
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/06—Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity
  • G01J5/061—Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity by controlling the temperature of the apparatus or parts thereof, e.g. using cooling means or thermostats
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
  • G01J5/0818—Waveguides
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
  • G01J5/0818—Waveguides
  • G01J5/0821—Optical fibres
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
  • G01J5/0846—Optical arrangements having multiple detectors for performing different types of detection, e.g. using radiometry and reflectometry channels
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
  • G01J5/02—Constructional details
  • G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
  • G01J5/0875—Windows; Arrangements for fastening thereof

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for temperature measurement of coke oven chamber walls.
• the temperature of the coke oven chamber walls determines the coking process.
• the coke oven chamber walls are heated via adjacent heating walls, the large areas of the chamber walls having to be heated in such a way that a uniformly cooked coke is obtained.
• Uniformly cooked coke has the same residual volatile content everywhere.
• the prerequisite for this is that each point of the chamber wall is supplied with the amount of heat corresponding to the heat demand of this point by the combustion of the heating gases.
• the heating gases are guided in the heating wall by heating cables in a vertical direction from bottom to top and sometimes burn at different heights in the heating cable with excess air.
• the subdivision of the heating walls into a large number of heating trains ensures that the large amounts of gas are regulated and properly distributed over the entire heating wall.
• the heating cables are used to meter the amounts of heat to be supplied in the longitudinal direction of the heating wall in accordance with the heat requirement rising to the coke side due to the conicity of the furnace chambers (horizontal distribution). It is also important that the heat intensity is evenly distributed in the vertical direction in each heating train.
• the heating control is generally carried out by measuring the nozzle stone temperature in the heating elements of the heating wall, that is to say on the side of the chamber wall facing away from the coal.
• This measurement is carried out with a pyrometer by operators and is characterized on the one hand by a considerable amount of work and on the other hand by a relatively large amount of unsharpness with regard to uniform heating.
• the unsharpness results from the distance of the temperature measuring point from the chamber wall surface coming into contact with the coal.
• the uniform temperature of this chamber wall surface in particular on the side facing the insert coal, is decisive for the uniform cooking of the coke. At relatively large intervals, the temperature is therefore measured chamber wall surfaces. This also happens through the filling holes with a pyrometer, but affects the operation of the furnace to a considerable extent.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device with which heating control of the chamber walls can be carried out with minimal manipulation of the personnel and great accuracy coupled with any manipulation of the furnace on the side facing the charcoal.
• the inventive attachment of the optics upstream of the pyrometer to the push rod causes the optics to move through the furnace chamber together with the push rod.
• the optics cover the entire width of a chamber wall surface.
• the optics are expediently mounted perpendicular to the chamber wall, i.e. transverse to the longitudinal axis of the push rod.
• the temperature is measured at the two opposite furnace chamber wall surfaces by means of different pyrometers and upstream optics. This is done with optics installed in a fixed position.
• a movable optic can be used, which is pivoted at intervals against each of the opposing furnace chamber wall surfaces and after each
• Swinging process allows a temperature measurement. This results in temperature measuring points on each furnace chamber wall which are spaced apart from one another in accordance with the pivoting process
• the pivoting process is selected such that the distance between two adjacent temperature measuring points on a furnace chamber wall surface does not exceed the degree of division of the heating cables of the associated heating wall.
• two pyrometer measuring points with associated optics are attached to the push rod for each furnace chamber wall surface approximately at a distance which is equal to the height of the carbon stock, so that the temperature is measured at the top and bottom of the furnace chamber wall surface .
• This is primarily intended for coke ovens with heating gases passed vertically from bottom to top through the heating trains, in order to measure an undesirable drop in temperature in the vertical direction on the furnace chamber wall surfaces. .
• a pyrometer movable in the vertical direction with the optics is provided, or in addition to the two fixed pyrometers provided for each furnace chamber wall surface, further pyrometer measuring points with optics are added.
• the optics which can be moved in the vertical direction, enable any number of measuring points in the vertical direction.
• a large number of desired measuring points in the vertical direction can be achieved with a corresponding large number of stationary optics.
• the optics should consist of a fiber optic cable enclosed by a cooling jacket with an upstream quartz window.
• the quartz window is inherently heat-resistant and can be additionally protected against undesired heat by pulling the cooling jacket forward.
• the cooling jacket is in
• the cooling jacket preferably has water cooling or air cooling.
• air cooling there are further advantages if the air supplied to the cooling jacket emerges again at least partially at the quartz window against the quartz window. In this case, the emerging cooling air simultaneously cools the quartz window and keeps it free of dust or carbon particles.
• contamination of the quartz window can be taken into account by designing the pyro meter as a quotient pyrometer.
• the older proposal therefore assumes that the heat radiation can be conducted out of the coke oven via the optical fiber cable and that the pyrometer can be arranged in such a way that it does not come into contact with the furnace atmosphere.
• the heat radiation is to be converted directly on the push rod into measurement signals, ie the heat radiation picked up by the optics on the print head is trans ormated into an electrical current signal directly on the measurement head instead of via optical fiber cables.
• a preamplifier is preferably interposed.
• the current signal is passed through flexible cable processing unit for Auswer ⁇ and converted there into a recorder diagram '.
• the measuring head installed close to the printing head of the printing rod consists of the optics, the preamplifier and a temperature sensor for the temperature in the measuring head, with which an alarm signal is triggered when the predetermined permissible temperature limit values are exceeded.
• the entire measuring head is constantly cooled with water.
• the water is drawn off from a reservoir with a pump and, after flowing through the measuring device, is circulated via air coolers.
• the supply and drain lines for the cooling water for cooling According to the invention, the electrical lines are either arranged next to them or enclose the electrical lines in the part exposed to the furnace atmosphere.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the quotient pyro meter according to the older proposal
• FIG. 2 is a block diagram for the ' quotient pyrometer according to Figure 1 and
• FIG. 3 shows an optical system according to the invention with a converter for the received radiation arranged on the push rod.
• pyrometers with upstream optics are attached to a push rod, not shown.
• the connection to the push rod is preferably established via spacers with low thermal conductivity.
• the light guide cable can also be guided in the push rod.
• Two pyrometers with upstream optics are located opposite each other on the push rod and their optics are directed away from each other and perpendicularly away from the push rod against the vertical plane of the coke oven chambers.
• Two opposing pairs of quotient pyro meters and optics are attached to the push rod at a vertical distance from one another, so that a subsequent temperature measurement takes place at the upper and lower ends of the furnace chamber wall surfaces.
• each pyrometer is designed as a ratio pyrometer 1.
• each quotient pyrometer 1 has a glass fiber light guide 2 with an upstream window 3 that
• the light guide 2 is designed so long that the front end of the light guide 2 with the window 3 ends just behind the sign ' at the front end of the push rod.
• the light guide 2 consists of several glass fiber cables arranged side by side, each having an inner diameter of approximately 1 mm and to which the window 3 is glued.
• the number of fiber optic cables is five. Instead of the five glass fiber cables with approx. 1 mm, a single glass fiber cable with an inner diameter of 5 mm can also be used. The five fiber optic cables allow better cooling compared to the single, thick fiber optic cable.
• the fiber optic cables are flexible and easily allow the front end, which is located on the shield, to be bent.
• the optical waveguide is shown in simplified form without angling. The bend serves to measure the rays emanating perpendicularly from this furnace chamber wall surface during a subsequent temperature measurement on a furnace chamber wall surface.
• the quartz window allows a temperature load of 400 ° C. It is 3 to 10 cm thick and can be glued to the light guide 2 with sufficient security; o The adhesives must be temperature-resistant up to 300 C.
• the light guides are coated with Hytrel, which can withstand a temperature load of up to approx. 150 C without affecting the internal fiber optic cables.
• a cooling jacket made of VA steel is also provided. The cooling jacket 4 extends over the entire length with which the light guide 2 together with the push rod in the coke oven when pressing the coke
• the cooling jacket 4 has an inner tube 5 of smaller diameter, so that there is a distance between the light guide 2 and the inner tube 5 and between the inner tube 5 and the outer jacket of the cooling jacket 4 there is a distance that the supply of a cooling medium, water in the embodiment, through an inflow opening 6 and a let from a drain 7 allows.
• the feed 6 opens onto the inner tube and forces the cooling water to first flow along the light guide 2 until it emerges from the inner jacket 5 at the window 3 and can flow along the outer jacket of the cooling jacket 4 to the drain 7.
• the cooling jacket 4 is extended beyond the window 3, as denoted by 8, and thereby ensures special cooling of the window 3.
• a cooling jacket 4 without an inner tube 5 and drain 7 is provided. Air or another gaseous coolant is then supplied through the inflow 6 and exits against the window at the end of the cooling jacket which is brought forward at the window 3 through outlet openings (not shown). This results in constant cleaning of the window, i.e. Keeping the window free of dirt and simultaneous cooling of the window.
• the cooling jacket with a bandage is made of ZrO for corrosion protection. or asbestos or another suitable ceramic-based material 14.
• air for rinsing the window and cooling water can be placed in a second jacket as described in one jacket.
• the window-side end of the optics is additionally protected with side panels against lateral mechanical influences.
• the light guide 2 is provided with an optical coupling at the end on the transducer side, ie at the end facing the quotient pyrometer 1, so that the light guide can be easily replaced if damaged. Replacing the light guide requires a correspondingly releasable connection in the cooling jacket and / or a releasable connection of the cooling jacket 4 on the push rod.
• the quotient pyrometer 1 is firmly attached to the
• Quotient pyrometers are optical temperature measuring devices in which the temperature measurement is carried out on two closely spaced wavelengths, from the measured variables of which the quotient is formed. As a result, the display error caused by the emission factor is considerably reduced. In addition, influences due to impurities in the optics, i.e. the window 3, water vapor and the like largely turned off.
• the quotient pyrometer 1 is set in time intervals by a timing relay 9.
• the timing relay is controlled via the current consumption during printing, i.e. Coke press.
• the measured values resulting from the interval temperature measurement are recorded with a recorder 10.
• Time relay 9 and recorder 10 are mounted in a fixed position opposite the movable push rod.
• the necessary operative connection with the quotient pyrometer 1 is achieved by flexible lines 11 with automatic winding, not shown.
• the recorder 10 is arranged in the driver's cab of the printing machine, not shown.
• the surface temperatures of the walls are generally between 1000 and 1300 C. Temperatures between 900 and 1100 C. prevail in the furnace itself.
• the pyro meter 1 is calibrated to the radiation emanating from the coke oven walls. This is done with the help of a body of known radiation. This calibration process is also referred to as calibrating the measuring devices.
• the output values go into printer 10, which is operated with alternating current (220 V, 50 Hz).
• printer 10 which is operated with alternating current (220 V, 50 Hz).
• the timing relay 9 as a pulse generator and a relay 13 are connected.
• the relay 13 is closed when the current is drawn at the start of the printing process.
• Relay 13 is operated with alternating current (24 V, 50 Hz);
• the timing relay 9 is operated with the same current and operates as a pulse generator with a range between 0 to 20 seconds and is set to two seconds in the exemplary embodiment.
• a temperature profile is recorded by the temperature measurement according to the invention, i.e. the heating is checked on the coke oven chamber surface that comes into contact with the coking coal and is consequently much more intensive than with conventional measurements. Every manipulation on each individual furnace is accompanied by the recording of the temperature profile.
• Figure 3 shows a measuring head according to the invention, which consists of an optics 20 and a transducer 21 for heat radiation.
• the measuring head is arranged on the print head of the pressure rod in such a way that its window 22 of the optics 20 absorbs heat radiation in the same way as the window 3 according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the optics 20 concentrates the heat radiation falling through the window 22 onto the transducer 21, which is designed in any way as a temperature sensor. This can be the case in the form of a quotient pyrometer or in the simple form of a thermocouple.
• the converter 21 converts the recorded thermal radiation into a current signal which is amplified in a preamplifier 23 which is arranged in the measuring head.
• the current signal amplified in this way is fed via a cable 24 to a signal evaluation which operates in the same way as that according to FIG.
• the evaluation unit (not shown) includes a chart recorder.
• the measuring head according to the invention also has a temperature sensor for the temperature in the measuring head, with which an alarm is triggered when the predetermined permissible temperature limit values are exceeded.
• the entire measuring head is constantly cooled with water.
• the water is drawn off from a storage container with a pump and, after flowing through the measuring head, is circulated through air coolers.
• the water circulation is about 100 1 / min.
• the water supply in the measuring head is designated 25.
• the supply line and drain line for the cooling water is provided in the area of the pressure rod with a corrosion-resistant jacket made of VA steel.
• OMPI The supply and drain line for the cooling water is led along the push rod to the measuring head.
• air cooling is provided on the measuring head.
• the air emerges from an annular nozzle 26 at the window 22 and at the same time cools or cleans the window
• the air line is laid together with the water supply and drain line on the push rod.
• the fourth line is a six-wire electrical cable to the measuring head, which supplies the amplifier
• the cable 23 has the task and the measurement signal and the 'signal of the temperature sensor in the measuring head.
• the cable 24 is flexible, at the same time armored or coated with PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene).
• the armor is used for heat insulation when the line 24 is directly exposed to the heat radiation or for insulation against the cooling water if the cable 24 is guided within the water supply or discharge line.
• the cable 24 covered with PTFE can withstand temperatures up to 400 ° C.
• air cooling can also be provided for the cable 24.
• the air cooling can be designed in the same way as the water cooling.
• a protective tube is also provided for the line 24.
• the air supply to the measuring head is designated 27. After leaving the push rod, all supply lines either lose their protective tubes and, like line 24, are inherently flexible or at least in a transition area.
• OMPI WIPO richly trained to the push rod The flexible design allows winding on hose reels.
• Spring hose drums are preferably provided. There is a connection from the drums to corresponding supply systems.
• the air is taken from a compressor installed for the pneumatic locking of the coke oven doors as soon as a solenoid valve releases the air after the start of the push rod movement.
• the evaluation unit (recorder or plotter) is put into operation.
• a limit switch is installed on the push rod, which is triggered with the first movement of the push rod.
• a second limit switch responds as soon as the push rod is immediately in front of the coke cake and slows down the pen feed rate by means of a signal in order to obtain a diagram that is sufficiently spread for the measuring accuracy.
• the pump for the cooling water circuit is preferably operated with direct voltage (e.g. 12 V) in order to enable a battery supply in the event of a power failure.
• direct voltage e.g. 12 V
• the measuring spot of the optics is 1 cm, the working range 0.9 mm wavelength. Distance changes of the optics to the wall surface, e.g. can be caused by the push rod, do not affect the measuring accuracy.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
• Coke Industry (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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ID=6148056

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (18)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 1981
  • 1981-12-07 DE DE19813148314 patent/DE3148314A1/de active Granted
• 1982
  • 1982-12-04 US US06/527,652 patent/US4580908A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1982-12-04 WO PCT/DE1982/000228 patent/WO1983002156A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1982-12-04 EP EP82111240A patent/EP0081219A3/de not_active Ceased
  • 1982-12-04 JP JP58500138A patent/JPS58502063A/ja active Pending
• 1983
  • 1983-02-15 IN IN173/CAL/83A patent/IN158142B/en unknown

Patent Citations (4)

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