Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
  • B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type
  • B03B5/623—Upward current classifiers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
  • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
  • B01D11/0261—Solvent extraction of solids comprising vibrating mechanisms, e.g. mechanical, acoustical

Definitions

• the invention relates to a new apparatus intended for washing solid materials suspended in a liquid phase to remove the solubilized materials and / or intended for carrying out a precise particle size separation of said materials, said apparatus being in the form of '' a pulsating liquid treatment column fitted with perforated trays.
• French patent n ° 1,281,826 describes a pulsating liquid colone making it possible to continuously wash an aqueous suspension of solid materials, in which the liquid phase is an aqueous liquor containing solution of solubilized materials, during the attack on an ore for example, liquor which must be replaced, during the washing operation, by the water introduced for this purpose.
• the apparatus making it possible to carry out such a washing operation, and which can allow the settling of an ore, suspended in a liquid phase, is formed of a vertical column, inside which are disposed perforated plates, or other obstacles, extending horizontally across the column, and spaced vertically with respect to each other, means for introducing solids or a suspension at one end of said column, and d other means for introducing a treatment liquid into said column in the vicinity of the other end, means making it possible to extract a liquid phase or a suspension of the first end mentioned, as well as means for extracting solids suspended in the treatment liquid by the other end, finally, means for creating a pulsation in the contents of the column so as to force the solid materials and the liquid phase to pass through the perforations of the plates extending horizontally across the column.
• the improved apparatus intended to allow washing operations of solid materials suspended in a liquid phase to remove the solubilized materials and / or perform precise particle size separations of solid materials suspended in said phase, consists of a vertical column in which horizontal perforated trays are placed, means for supplying suspension to be treated and for extracting the treated suspension and in treatment liquid, as well as a pulsating device, is characterized in that that, for a column comprising N perforated trays actually implanted, each having an area S, a perforation coefficient p, ratio between the total area of the perforations and the area of said tray, the pulsating device delivering the sum V of the volumes transferred alternately to the up and down per unit of time, the liquid used for washing or separation particle size having a density dn, while the liquid leaving by overflow has a density do and the solid materials in suspension have a density ds, g being the acceleration of gravity, we choose a diameter 0 of the perforations and an average distance 1 between these perforations in
• the improved apparatus comprises a vertical treatment column, intended to allow very intimate contact between solid materials moving from the top to the bottom of said column, and a liquid treatment phase.
• the solid materials to be treated are generally introduced in the form of an aqueous and / or organic suspension in which materials can be in solution, while the liquid treatment phase can be water, an aqueous solution and / or a liquid of organic origin, optionally in the form of a mixture or emulsion.
• the vertical treatment column can be cylindrical over its entire height.
• the zone of said column containing the plates is preferably of hyperbolic form, or constituted by the combination of cylinders and / or truncated cones enveloping a theoretical hyperbola. This theoretical hyperbola is such that, V being the kinematic viscosity of the liquid phase at the level of a plate having the surface S, there is over the entire height of said zone the constant S / v ratio.
• the vertical column consists, in its upper part of a cylindrical collection zone, in its middle part, of a cylindrical zone of sufficient height to receive the N plates and of diameter less than or equal to that of the upper cylindrical zone, the upper and middle zones being connected together by an inverted truncated cone whose large base is integral with the upper cylindrical zone, finally, in its lower part, a conical zone whose base is connected to the cylindrical middle zone.
• the vertical column comprises, in its upper part, a cylindrical collecting zone, in its middle part, a hyperbolic zone of reverse revolution, the large base of which is connected to the prior cylindrical zone and, the small base of which , facing downwards, is extended by a cylindrical zone forming the lower part of said column which ends with an inverted cone of revolution.
• the vertical column is also provided in its upper part with a cylindrical zone, in its middle part, with an inverted truncated cone whose large base is integral with the upper cylindrical zone and of the same diameter, and the small base of which is located towards the bottom of the said column, finally, in its lower part, a cylindrical zone whose diameter is identical to that of the small base of the aforementioned truncated cone, which is extended by a cone of revolution whose base is connected to the lower cylindrical zone.
• the vertical column is constituted, in the upper, middle and lower parts, by successive cylindrical zones of decreasing diameters, each zone being connected to the previous one by planar junction rings, or trunks of cones inverted, the lower cylindrical zone extending downwards by an inverted cone of revolution.
• This treatment area is provided with perforated trays placed horizontally and equidistant from each other.
• Said perforated trays can also form groups each comprising one or more equidistant trays, the distance existing between each group being generally greater than that existing between the trays.
• One of the ends of the column is equipped with means allowing the introduction of the suspension to be washed and / or elutrier, and means for discharging the liquid phase loaded with solubilized materials and / or elutrious materials, while the other end of said column is equipped with means for extracting the washed and / or sorted solid materials and with means for introducing the liquid washing and / or elutriation phase.
• a pulsating device placed on the lower cylindrical zone of said column is a pulsating device intended to create in the enclosure a movement of raising and lowering of the suspension through the perforated plates placed in the treatment zone.
• a coefficient K 2 defined by the relation: (2) in which V is the kinematic viscosity of the liquor at the level of a surface tray S, of perforation diameter 0 and of perforation coefficient p, the coefficient K 2 must be associated with the above-mentioned coefficient K 1 , this coefficient K 2 having a value at least equal to 100, and preferably between 300 and 5000.
• the Applicant has been led to observe experimentally that the perforation coefficient p, ratio between the total area of the perforations of a tray and the area of this tray, must be between the limits 0.001 and 0.25, and preferably between 0.005 and 0.1.
• the decantation surface S also known as the surface of the plate, is defined according to the conventional and well known rules of decantation to ensure a desired production tonnage.
• the volume V transferred alternately up and down the vertical column per unit of time is fixed at a value at least equal to the volume necessary to effect the transfer of the suspended solids from one stage to the other , and on the basis of a given hourly output.
• This volume V is moved in a discontinuous and pulsating manner by the bottom of the column by virtue of the presence of means provided for ensuring said pulsation, so that the washing liquid is evacuated in part with the suspension washed and extracted while the other part rises to the top of the column from which it emerges by overflow with the feed liquid and with almost all of the materials in solution.
• the Applicant has found that the effectiveness of the treatment is all the better when the instantaneous flow of suspension produced by the pulsations in each direction approaches a continuous flow during each fraction of the cycle, that is to say during each forced displacement of said suspension up and down.
• the number N of trays actually implanted is always less than twice the number n of trays theoretically necessary in the vertical column.
• the diameter ⁇ of the perforations in each tray is, in general, greater than six times the diameter of the largest particles present in the suspension to be treated, and the distance between two trays must be at least equal to the average distance 1 between the perforations.
• the vertical treatment column intended for washing and the selective particle size separation of solid materials in suspension, comprises a central cylindrical treatment zone (1) surmounted by an upper cylindrical zone (2) provided with a overflow (3), the middle (1) and upper (2) zones being connected together by the inverted frustoconical surface (4), then a lower cylindrical zone (5) extending by a conical surface of revolution (8).
• the treatment liquid enters the lower cylindrical zone (5) via the pipe (7) under the action, for example, of a pump (not shown).
• the N trays (16) are provided with perforations (17) distant from each other of an average length 1.
• the median treatment zone (1) of appreciable vertical extent , is intended to allow a very intimate contact between the liquid phases to be treated and treatment and the solid phase of materials to the elutrier.
• the suspension in a liquid phase of the solid materials to be treated being introduced by the pipe (10), a mechanical pulsation means (6), placed in the lower cylindrical zone (5) of the column ensures the up-and-down movement of the material contained in said column.
• a fraction of the treatment liquid introduced by the pipe (7) moves from the bottom to the top of the column by coming into intimate contact with the solid materials under treatment, by virtue of a circulation against the current with respect to said materials. This fraction of the treatment liquid is then discharged through the overflow
• the median treatment zone is a hyperbolic surface of revolution (12) in the case of FIG. 2, the small section of which faces downwards, while in the case of FIG. 3, this median zone treatment consists of an inverted frustoconical surface (13), and that, in the case of FIG. 4, said median treatment zone is formed of successive cylindrical zones (14) of decreasing diameter from the top to the bottom of said column , each cylindrical zone being connected to the next by an inverted frustoconical surface (15).
• each treatment stage defined by the interval between two plates constitutes a water separator supplied by the association of the suspension flow rates.
• this stage produces a suspension of granular solid materials when the pulsation propagates towards the bottom of the column, and a suspension of fine solid materials when the pulsation propagates towards the top of said column.
• the solid materials arriving at the underflow (9) of the column are therefore passed successively through a series of hydroseparators in which they have been resuspended and redecanted and consequently, are increasingly depleted in fine solid materials.
• the apparatus according to the invention proves to be very effective, not only for washing a suspension of a solid material in a liquid phase, but also for carrying out very precise particle size separations of the solid materials according to two classes. , one fine leaving with the overflow, the other grainy being extracted by the base of the column.
• This example illustrates an attempted washing and classification of alumina trihydrate, suspended in a sodium liquor of density 1.28, at a temperature of 54 ° C., with an average particle size of 60-65 ⁇ , by means of a pilot column carried out according to the data of the prior art.
• This third zone was extended by a cylindrical part of the same diameter and height 0.5 m, which was. equipped with a pneumatic blower and an inlet pipe for washing water.
• This third zone ended with a cone opening onto the underflow opening.
• the column was fed by the first cylindrical zone by means of 7.1 m 3 / h of an aqueous suspension containing 5 tonnes of alumina trihydra te.
• This example illustrates the improved apparatus according to the invention with which a washing and classification of alumina trihydrate suspended in a sodium liquor of density 1.09, at the temperature of 52 ° C., of average particle size 60- were carried out. 65 ⁇ , by means of a pilot column produced according to the data of the invention.
• Said column was of a cylindro-conical type, with a total height of 4 meters, comprising from top to bottom:
• This third zone was extended by a cylindrical part of the same diameter and height 0.5 m, which was equipped with a pneumatic thruster and an inlet pipe for the washing water. This third zone ended with a cone opening onto the underflow opening.
• the column was supplied by the first cylindrical zone using 11.3 m 3 / h of an aqueous suspension containing 6 tonnes of alumina trihydrate.
• the efficiency of the classification was defined by the method of the "partition curve" which gave a d 50 , diameter of particles having a probability 0.5 to exit in underflow, equal to 73 microns, and an imperfection of partition curve ("imperfection. Index)
• This example illustrates the improved apparatus according to the invention with which a washing and classification of alumina trihydrate suspended in a sodium liquor of density 1.09 at the temperature of 52 ° C, of average particle size 60-65 were carried out.
• ⁇ by means of a pilot column produced according to the data of the invention.
• the column was supplied by the first cylindrical zone using 11 m 3 / h of an aqueous suspension containing 5.8 tonnes of alumina trihydrate.
• the suspension was extracted from the column 2.4 m 3 / h from a suspension containing 2 tonnes of solids by the underflow.
• the classification of the alumina hydrate grains was carried out.
• the effectiveness of the classification was defined by the "partition curve” method which gave a d 50 , particle diameter having a probability 0.5 of going out under, equal to 75 microns, and an imperfection in the partition curve. (“imperfection Index”)

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
• Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
• Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (20)

Cited By (1)

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Citations (5)

• 1981
  • 1981-08-31 FR FR8116795A patent/FR2511894A1/fr active Granted
• 1982
  • 1982-08-24 IN IN982/CAL/82A patent/IN156440B/en unknown
  • 1982-08-25 EP EP82902532A patent/EP0086806A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1982-08-25 JP JP57502622A patent/JPS58501365A/ja active Pending
  • 1982-08-25 BR BR8207816A patent/BR8207816A/pt unknown
  • 1982-08-25 AU AU88292/82A patent/AU554316B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1982-08-25 WO PCT/FR1982/000141 patent/WO1983000817A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1982-08-26 OA OA57788A patent/OA07197A/xx unknown
  • 1982-08-27 IT IT23009/82A patent/IT1203692B/it active
  • 1982-08-27 IL IL66666A patent/IL66666A/xx unknown
  • 1982-08-27 NZ NZ201745A patent/NZ201745A/en unknown
  • 1982-08-27 GB GB08224627A patent/GB2104415B/en not_active Expired
  • 1982-08-27 YU YU01930/82A patent/YU193082A/xx unknown
  • 1982-08-27 MA MA19794A patent/MA19582A1/fr unknown
  • 1982-08-30 CA CA000410438A patent/CA1176825A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1982-08-30 ZA ZA826326A patent/ZA826326B/xx unknown
  • 1982-08-30 ES ES1982274750U patent/ES274750Y/es not_active Expired
  • 1982-08-30 GR GR69159A patent/GR77276B/el unknown
• 1983
  • 1983-04-28 DK DK1898/83A patent/DK189883D0/da not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1986
  • 1986-12-30 MY MY412/86A patent/MY8600412A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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