WO1983000226A1 - Procede et dispositif de surveillance en continu d'une installation contenant un fluide - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de surveillance en continu d'une installation contenant un fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1983000226A1
WO1983000226A1 PCT/EP1982/000135 EP8200135W WO8300226A1 WO 1983000226 A1 WO1983000226 A1 WO 1983000226A1 EP 8200135 W EP8200135 W EP 8200135W WO 8300226 A1 WO8300226 A1 WO 8300226A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waveguide
leak
optical fiber
pulses
detected
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1982/000135
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
E.V. Battelle-Institut
Original Assignee
Dolezalek, Friedrich
Hartmann, Rolf
Selders, Matthias
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dolezalek, Friedrich, Hartmann, Rolf, Selders, Matthias filed Critical Dolezalek, Friedrich
Publication of WO1983000226A1 publication Critical patent/WO1983000226A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/042—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by using materials which expand, contract, disintegrate, or decompose in contact with a fluid
    • G01M3/045—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by using materials which expand, contract, disintegrate, or decompose in contact with a fluid with electrical detection means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/042—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by using materials which expand, contract, disintegrate, or decompose in contact with a fluid
    • G01M3/045—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by using materials which expand, contract, disintegrate, or decompose in contact with a fluid with electrical detection means
    • G01M3/047—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by using materials which expand, contract, disintegrate, or decompose in contact with a fluid with electrical detection means with photo-electrical detection means, e.g. using optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/16—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
    • G01M3/18—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and devices for the continuous monitoring of systems containing fluid media, in particular liquids, such as pipelines, containers and the like, leak points being ascertained and located.
  • Suction with a sensitive detector is detected.
  • This method can only be carried out with leak media which have a suitably high vapor pressure and can diffuse through the hose wall.
  • a method is also known in which a bare wire through which current flows is laid along a water-carrying pipe within the insulation. At the location of a leak, the escaping water causes the insulation to become wet and thus an electrically conductive connection between the pipe and the wire. This • event can be monitored by monitoring the electrical
  • OM Leak detection as in the previously discussed example.
  • a detector strip In order to monitor various possible leak points independently of one another, a detector strip must be attached separately at each such point.
  • the main disadvantage of this method in addition to the lack of location, is the need for a high level of circuitry in order, for example, to be able to monitor approximately 5000 measuring points.
  • a method is known that is based on the principle of ultrasound emission. Leakages that occur can be recognized by their characteristic emission patterns, classified according to size and located. However, this method is not sensitive enough to be able to detect even the smallest leaks, for example less than 100 kg of escaping liquid per hour.
  • the present invention is based on the object of specifying a method with which the occurrence of even the smallest leaks in pressure-carrying containers, valves, pipelines and the like can be continuously monitored during the intended operation, a simultaneous location and Classification according to size is possible. Further, the method 'ge furnish, exiting leakage media in liquid or gaseous Aggregatzu ⁇ tand should detect within a very short time. Another object of the invention is to monitor leakage of very large systems, for example the total of approximately
  • the device according to the invention consists of a linearly extended waveguide with locally constant transmission properties, which is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the system or in direct contact with the system, with a local change in the transmission properties of the waveguide occurring at the leak and with one Pulse - reflectometer or its optoelectric equivalent is connected.
  • the device according to the invention consists of waveguides 1 which are connected via a multiplexer 2 with a pulse reflectometer, e.g. consisting of a pulse generator 5 and a Sa pling system 4, are connected.
  • the waveguide consists of a high-frequency ribbon line with a porous dielectric, which has hydrophilic or hygroscopic properties.
  • the most electrical pulse of approximately 10 seconds duration runs along the line and is reflected wherever leakage-related deviations of the wave resistance from the desired value * "'" occur.
  • the height and width of a reflected pulse corresponds to the degree and the local extent of the moisture penetration of the strip conductor and, together with the rapid development of the disturbance, enables the leak classification. Due to the temporal relationship of the leak pulse to the test pulse or its reflection at the end of the line, the leak can be located with meter accuracy.
  • the evaluation can be done either on the Oszillo graph screen or using a registration strip.
  • the recording then has approximately the form shown in FIG. 2. In this sketch, the reflection coefficient is? depending on the term in, us entered.
  • the high-frequency ribbon cable for an embodiment of the detection system according to the invention consists of two metal foils with a porous dielectric lying between them and protruding slightly to the side.
  • the leakage medium can thus enter the dielectric and cause the change in the forwarding properties of the strip conductor.
  • coaxial cables instead of ribbon conductors is carried out analogously to the exemplary embodiment explained above. Even when using optical fibers for optical pulses, nothing changes in the measurement setup. In principle, only a luminescence or laser diode should be provided for converting the electrical pulses into light. A photodiode or a photo ultiplier can be used to convert the reflected light pulse into an electrical pulse.
  • the dielectric of the coaxial cable or ribbon conductor can contain absorption materials.
  • the dielectric is in the form of a textile structure and is hygroscopically impregnated.
  • the waveguides are arranged parallel to the pipeline and, in the case of containers, preferably meanderingly covering the container surface. They can be in direct contact with the system or can be installed at a short distance from the system.
  • the forwarding properties of the waveguides used cannot be changed directly by the leakage medium, but rather by means of a suitable device.
  • the measuring line is placed at suitable 5 points at certain intervals, especially at critical ones
  • Such a device can e.g. consist of materials which experience an increase in volume when moisture enters and thus exert pressure on the lic fiber. For this, however, the outer covering of the optical fiber would have to be removed accordingly. If high-frequency cables or strip conductors are used, such devices can consist of moisture-sensitive switches.
  • the waveguide arranged parallel to the pipeline 0 can only be made sensitive to the Lec maximum at suitable or critical points.
  • a coaxial cable can be provided at the intended locations with a ribbon cable or ribbon cable loop that is sensitive to the leak medium.
  • the transitions must be carried out largely without reflection. Small reflections at these points can be used as calibration marks for the localization of the individual sensor, i.e. the tape line or tape line loop can be used.
  • the glass fibers could only be made sensitive to the leak medium at critical points, e.g. by changing the cladding.
  • a tape line with a hydrophilic dielectric for the detection of steam leak.
  • a line with 50 ohm wave resistance consists, for example, of a sandwich made of 7 mm wide copper foil with an approx. 15 mm wide and 1 mm thick strip of polypropylene nonwoven as a dielectric.
  • the fleece is wetted by a chemical pretreatment.
  • the tape line is provided with a self-adhesive coating and is preferably applied to the inside of the insulation cover of a steam line to be monitored. There it is protected against any splash or condensate water that does not originate from a leak to be detected.
  • An old native solution, in particular for retrofitting, is also the laying on the outside of the insulation, the condensation water reaching the strip line via regularly arranged bores.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de surveillance en continu d'une installation contenant un fluide, permettant de localiser une fuite, dans lequel on place à proximité de l'installation, ou en contact avec celle-ci, un guide d'onde à caractéristique de conductivité constante. Toute fuite dans l'installation se traduit par une modification locale correspondante de la conductivité du guide d'onde. On envoie dans le guide d'onde des impulsions électromagnétiques et optiques dont les réflexions aux endroits où se produisent les fuites de fluide permettent de localiser ces fuites en fonction du temps de parcours.
PCT/EP1982/000135 1981-06-27 1982-06-25 Procede et dispositif de surveillance en continu d'une installation contenant un fluide WO1983000226A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3125388.1810627 1981-06-27
DE19813125388 DE3125388A1 (de) 1981-06-27 1981-06-27 "verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen ueberwachung von fluide medien enthaltenden anlagen"

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1983000226A1 true WO1983000226A1 (fr) 1983-01-20

Family

ID=6135547

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1982/000135 WO1983000226A1 (fr) 1981-06-27 1982-06-25 Procede et dispositif de surveillance en continu d'une installation contenant un fluide

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0082172A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3125388A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1983000226A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0170736A1 (fr) * 1984-07-09 1986-02-12 Amon, Glen C. Système de surveillance d'état des défauts d'un pipeline
FR2599838B1 (fr) * 1986-06-06 1988-08-26 Charbonnages De France Detecteur d'echauffement et d'incendie, a fibre d'optique
US4797621A (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-10 Midwesco, Inc. Leak detector and locator utilizing time domain reflectometry and sampling techniques
US4949076A (en) * 1988-10-13 1990-08-14 Conoco Inc. Apparatus for detecting and locating leakage in underwater structures
ATE109276T1 (de) * 1990-11-12 1994-08-15 Thyssen Industrie Verfahren zur erkennung und ortung von leckagen an abwassertransportleitungen.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2530444A1 (de) * 1974-07-10 1976-01-29 Shell Int Research Verfahren und vorrichtungen zum nachweisen von temperaturabweichungen
FR2287646A1 (fr) * 1974-10-08 1976-05-07 Asahi Eng & Constr Cable pour detecter des fuites de fluides
US3981181A (en) * 1974-07-13 1976-09-21 Sadamasa Ochiai Method for detecting liquid leak and a cable therefor
DE2553789A1 (de) * 1975-11-29 1977-06-02 Hochtemperatur Reaktorbau Gmbh Verfahren und anordnung zum feststellen und lokalisieren von schadhaften stellen in einer isolierten leitung
DE2619042A1 (de) * 1976-04-30 1977-11-10 Baum Elektrophysik Gmbh Pruefleiter
US4159420A (en) * 1976-12-18 1979-06-26 Denki Kagaku Keiki Co., Ltd. Apparatus for detecting oils and the like

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2530444A1 (de) * 1974-07-10 1976-01-29 Shell Int Research Verfahren und vorrichtungen zum nachweisen von temperaturabweichungen
US3981181A (en) * 1974-07-13 1976-09-21 Sadamasa Ochiai Method for detecting liquid leak and a cable therefor
FR2287646A1 (fr) * 1974-10-08 1976-05-07 Asahi Eng & Constr Cable pour detecter des fuites de fluides
DE2553789A1 (de) * 1975-11-29 1977-06-02 Hochtemperatur Reaktorbau Gmbh Verfahren und anordnung zum feststellen und lokalisieren von schadhaften stellen in einer isolierten leitung
DE2619042A1 (de) * 1976-04-30 1977-11-10 Baum Elektrophysik Gmbh Pruefleiter
US4159420A (en) * 1976-12-18 1979-06-26 Denki Kagaku Keiki Co., Ltd. Apparatus for detecting oils and the like

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Oil & Gas Journal, Heft 78, No. 6, February 1980 (Tulsa, US) E. SEATON: 'Pipelines Laid after 6-Year Struggle", pages 119 and 120, see the whole document *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3125388A1 (de) 1983-01-13
EP0082172A1 (fr) 1983-06-29

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