Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
  • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
  • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
  • B63B1/14—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
  • B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
  • B63C7/003—Righting capsized vessels, e.g. sailing vessels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
  • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
  • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
  • B63B1/14—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
  • B63B2001/145—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration

Definitions

• the present invention relates to sailing ships of the trimaran type, making it possible to obtain whatever its position, its automatic return to a stable equilibrium, corresponding to its normal navigation position.
• the central hull is provided with two lateral floats with constant volumes which are submersible or unsinkable. These three elements are connected by beams which very often have large and constant volumes.
• the assemblies are rigid or flexible, or else with very little deflection and the mast has a unique function which is to carry the wing.
• Such designs in navigation result in permanent torsional forces and in the risk of charging the float or the central hull, because the waves cannot undoubtedly solicit them at the same time.
• this type of ship has its stability curve which decreases, to tend towards a second stable equilibrium, obtained when the ship is upside down because conceptual means maintain the axis of symmetry necessary for navigation, and the mass of the mast works like a ballast. It is therefore impossible for him to find his initial navigation position alone.
• the trimaran according to the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks. It is characterized by the association with the airfoil and the floats, of means forming waterproof submersible volumes, creating a potential energy which can move by a rotational movement to create a break in symmetry.
• Each float is submersible and has a variable volumetric displacement made up of a main tight volume located at the bow, a minimum secondary tight volume between the bottom of the hull and the floor, a hollow volume that can be filled by openings at deck level, a speed trap located towards the stern, the base of which corresponds to the level of the floor.
• the float is secured to the link arms whose volumes are as small as possible, by a cylindrical axis allowing only freedom in rotation, comprised between two stops so that it can vary between an approximately horizontal position and an approximately vertical position.
• the two stops are obtained by the link arms, limiting the rotation of the float which can be carried out freely in both directions, while having a means for ensuring an upward rotation, to obtain the vertical position against the stop. .
• This axis of rotation is located near the center of the hull thrust, where the attitude obtained in navigation is included in the travel.
• the mast and the floats are placed so that the vessel, during a righting, rotates around the longitudinal volumes of the central hull containing, largely the results due to the weight of the different elements, as well as the axis of rotation located in the plane of symmetry, this axis must remain as parallel as possible to the surface of the water.
• the position of the floats relative to the surface of the water is such that it can roll on one side.
• these are non-deformable boxes offering permanent volumes acting immediately, or they are envelopes which can be deformed by inflation under pressure, or else it is a combination between the undeformable and deformable volumes.
• the device according to the invention allows the ship, whatever its position, to find a single stable equilibrium, corresponding to its normal navigation position; but also to reduce the risks of capsizing, because the central hull and the leeward float sail side by side, each reacting to their own waves, removing the torsional stresses, and the charging of the float.
• Plate 1/4 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment, supplemented by Plate 2/4 giving in Figure 2 the design details of a float in three views where the front view is in section, then in Figure 3 the two positions obtained when it is in abutment (1) corresponding to an approximately horizontal position and in abutment (2) giving an approximately vertical position.
• the two important phases of operation are shown on board 3/4; in FIG. 4 when the ship is upside down and in FIG. 5 when it is lying on the water, the float having made its rotation; only the forces necessary for understanding the operation are shown.
• Plate 4/4 is the schematic drawing seen in perspective, where the elements are represented by tubes, the hatched volumes characterizing the essential tight volumes.
• the ship has a rotating mast (3) resting on the central hull (6) which contains the axis (ZZ ') of rotation of the ship; the floats (4) and (5) each have an axis of rotation (XX ') which makes them integral with the connecting beams with a pyramidal tubular structure giving minimum volumes.
• a float represents a maximum volume of hull which is submersible, determining a maximum stability under sail, it is composed of a main tight volume whose center of thrust is (G1) of a secondary volume whose center of thrust is ( G2), of a hopper located at (7), of a fillable volume (8) through the bridge openings (9), the non-symmetry of the axis of rotation (XX ') is defined by an angle acute ( ⁇ ) formed between the axis (XX ') and a straight line parallel to (WW'), contained in the plane (M) which is perpendicular to the plane (S) of the water surface and to the plane of symmetry (K) containing the axis (ZZ ').
• the waterline of the central hull (6) are such that the ship can roll on one side around its axis (ZZ ') which remains as parallel as possible to the surface of the water, when the means for righting act .
• the force translates the result concerning the mass of the ship applied to the central hull (6).
• the mast (6) develops its potential energy, translated in figure 4 of the board 3/4 by force exercised at a depth (P) with a lever arm (L3) allowing the start of rotation by immersing the float (5) and the link arms which oppose a potential energy translated by force, (with a lever arm (L5).
• the volume variation of the float (5) is made when the water fills the volume (8) through the bridge openings (9) by expelling the air by the emptier (7).
• the end of the first phase is carried out when the head of the mast (3) is in contact with the water.
• the transient phase concerns the automatic rotation of the float (5) towards the stop (2) to perform an arbitrary angular rotation ( ⁇ ).
• ⁇ arbitrary angular rotation
• the second phase begins, it is represented on the board 3/4 in figure 5.
• the front volume can thus develop its potential energy, translated by the force exerted at a depth (P) with an arm of lever (L5) s Opposed to the total mass of the mast (3) which provides work, translated by force with a lever arm (L3).
• the device which is the subject of the invention can be used very particularly for sailing ships of the trimaran type, responding to any form of navigation. It is applicable for offshore or coastal cruise ships, beach or racing machines, carrier plane or hydrofoil vessels.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

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ID=9255682

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Cited By (2)

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Citations (3)

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• 1981
  • 1981-02-27 FR FR8103915A patent/FR2500804A1/fr active Granted
• 1982
  • 1982-03-01 EP EP82900639A patent/EP0073214B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1982-03-01 WO PCT/FR1982/000035 patent/WO1982002865A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1982-03-01 US US06/438,900 patent/US4562785A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (3)

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