WO1982001920A1 - Element metallique concu pour la fixation d'un autre element dans un trou perce dans l'element metallique et procede de fabrication d'un tel joint - Google Patents

Element metallique concu pour la fixation d'un autre element dans un trou perce dans l'element metallique et procede de fabrication d'un tel joint Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1982001920A1
WO1982001920A1 PCT/NO1981/000043 NO8100043W WO8201920A1 WO 1982001920 A1 WO1982001920 A1 WO 1982001920A1 NO 8100043 W NO8100043 W NO 8100043W WO 8201920 A1 WO8201920 A1 WO 8201920A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
metal element
deformed
metal
mainly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1981/000043
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ammunisionsfab As Raufoss
Original Assignee
Slutas Johan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Slutas Johan filed Critical Slutas Johan
Publication of WO1982001920A1 publication Critical patent/WO1982001920A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B17/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other and involving plastic deformation
    • F16B17/006—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other and involving plastic deformation of rods or tubes to sheets or plates

Definitions

  • a metal element adapted for securing another element in a hole therethrough and a method of making such a joint.
  • the present invention relates to a metal element adapted for securing another element in a through going hole in the metal element. Moreover, the invention relates to a method of making such a joint.
  • the invention relates to the joining of two elements, of which at least one is a metal element, for instanse of light metal.
  • the invention may be applied in a number of technical fields, but a particular application is in cases where the two elements are subjected to repeated loading, in such a manner that it represents a problem how to avoid that the elements are separated or loosened from each other.
  • a steel bolt attached in a hole for instance in a rod and subjected to transverse forces, i.e. bending and/or shear, which, causes compressive strains between the bolt and the hole
  • transverse forces i.e. bending and/or shear
  • the rod is made of steel, it is normally not a severe problem to avoid that the surface of the hole does not withstand the strains, but if the rod is of metal the problem is worse because of the different mechanicalproperties, as for instance less material strength of the metal.
  • a known principle for the solution of this problem is to provide a bushing in the hole, for instance a steel bushing which is pressed into place.
  • the bushing may be provided with an abutment collar in one end.
  • the bushing may overload the surface in the hole in the same manner as a steel rod.
  • temperature changes may lead to a clearance between the bushing and the hole surface, because of mutually different temperature coefficents for the metal and the steel. This is particularly a problem when the metal is a light metal or light metal alloy having a large temperature coefficient.
  • the main object of the present invention is to achieve an improvement of the above circumstances.
  • the hole diverges, for instance conically, towards the ends, a favourable distribution of the stresses is achieved.
  • the second element i.e. the element attached in the hole through the metal element
  • the hole surface will be subjected to forces which increase towards the hole ends.
  • the circumference of the hole is largest, and also the unit area per hole unit length, and the hole surface, hence, has a substantially greater ability to withstand loadings, compared with the surface of a cylindrical hole having diameter corresponding to the smallest diameter of the hole in the metal element in accordance with the present invention, i.e. a hole which diverges towards both ends.
  • Another advantage is the shape of the hole efficiently prevents that the second element can loosen from the hole.
  • At least one of the frusto-conical surfaces inside the hole ends in a bevelled portion at the end of the hole, i.e. the conical surface ends in a conical surface having a substantially increased conus angle or in a double curved, circumferential surface.
  • a bevelled portion is particularly advantageous for the purpose of avoiding clearance between the metal element and the second element when the second element is made of a material having a less temperature coefficient than the metal.
  • the combination of aluminium and steel where the ratio between the temperature coefficients is about 2:1.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through a part of a metal element, in which is attached a second element, in the example in the form of a shaft which may for instance be an extension of a wheel spindle for an automobile or a waggon.
  • Fig. 2 also shows a section through a part of a metal element in which is attached a second element in the form of a bushing or sleeve. Moreover, it is indicated a conical shaft attached to the bushing by means of a nut.
  • Fig. 1 shows a metal element 1, which in the example shown is a part of a vehicle wheel suspension, to which element is attached a wheel spindle 6.
  • a wheel spindle 6 On the wheel spindle 6, of which only a fraction is shown, may be mounted a ball or roller bearing for a wheel.
  • the spindle 6 has a flange 7, which usually is used as a sliding surface for a sealing ring.
  • the spindle 6 is attached to the metal element 1 by means of a stud 2, being deformed in such a manner that it completely fills the hole in the element 1.
  • the stud 2 may, as shown, be integral with the spindle 6, and is usually made of steel.
  • the stud may initially be cylindrical, and has been pressed axially in such a manner that it finally fills the hole.
  • the stud 2 may alternatively have been given such an initial shape that the half of the stud nearest to the spindle 6 mainly is complementary to the shape of the corresponding half of the hole, the other half of the stud being cylindrical. This is advantageous in case the stud is not accessible to be pressed by means of a tool on the half nearest to the spindle, as in the example shown.
  • the hole in the element 1 comprises two conical surfaces 3 which adjoin each other in the middle of the hole.
  • Each end of the hole has a widened portion completely occupied by corresponding portions of the stud 2.
  • the widened portions 4 have a conus angle of about 90o.
  • Fig 2 also shows an element, which in this embodiment may be a bar, and the second element is a sleeve having a conical hole. Also indicated is a conical pin 8 which has been pulled into the sleeve 2 by means of a nut 9 resting against a washer 10, shown in dotted lines.
  • the hole in the element 1 has in this embodiment mainly the same shape as shown in Fig. 1, comprising conical surfaces 3 and bevelled portions 4.
  • the hole comprises a cylindrical middle portion 5. This may be an advantage with respect to the making of the hole, because the axial length of said cylindrical portion constitutes a measure indicating whether the conical milling tool has come to the appropriate depth in the hole.
  • the sleeve 2 shown in Fig. 2 may initially be manufactured with a cylindrical outer surface.
  • the sleeve may have a hole, but it may also be massive all through, i.e. being in fact a massive cylinder, because the conical hole must under all circumstances be machined after being deformed by pressing. Because the sleeve 2 is accessible from both ends, a cylindrical sleeve can be pressed from both ends by means of a suitable tool, until it completely fills the hole in the element 1.
  • the stud 2 shown in Fig. 1 and the sleeve 2 shown in Fig. 2, respectively, making what is called the second element in this specification, will usually not have its end surface or surfaces completely coplanar with the surface or surfaces of the element 1 after the pressing operation. When it is desired that said surfaces are coplanar, the end or ends of the stud or sleeve may of course be machined, for instance by milling in order to achieve coplanar surfaces.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment which, as already mentioned, may be used to secure a wheel spindle in a carrying element
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment in which the element 1 may be an arm in the wheel suspension of a vehicle
  • the pin 8 may be provided with a ball, for instance of the type used in order to permit the turning movement of the front wheel and the springing movement of the chassis.

Abstract

Element metallique (1) adapte a la fixation d'un autre element (2) dans un trou perce dans l'element metallique, ce trou divergeant depuis sa partie mediane vers les deux extremites. Le second element (2) est place dans le trou et est deforme au contact avec la surface du trou, essentiellement en etant comprime axialement. Un procede de fabrication d'un tel joint entre un element metallique et un autre element consiste a percer le trou de telle sorte qu'il diverge depuis sa partie mediane vers les deux extremites, a placer dans le trou l'autre element qui est essentiellement cylindrique dans son extremite anterieure de diametre sensiblement egal au plus petit diametre du trou et a comprimer l'autre element axialement de telle maniere qu'il se deforme au contact avec la surface du trou.
PCT/NO1981/000043 1980-12-04 1981-12-04 Element metallique concu pour la fixation d'un autre element dans un trou perce dans l'element metallique et procede de fabrication d'un tel joint WO1982001920A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO803668A NO803668L (no) 1980-12-04 1980-12-04 Element av metall, samt fremgangsmaate for dets fremstilling
NO803668801204 1980-12-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1982001920A1 true WO1982001920A1 (fr) 1982-06-10

Family

ID=19885781

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1981/000043 WO1982001920A1 (fr) 1980-12-04 1981-12-04 Element metallique concu pour la fixation d'un autre element dans un trou perce dans l'element metallique et procede de fabrication d'un tel joint

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0065969A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO803668L (fr)
WO (1) WO1982001920A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1498218A3 (fr) * 2003-07-17 2005-07-13 DGS Druckguss Systeme AG Procédé de fabrication d'un élément fonctionnel à construction légère

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE134296C (fr) *
DE644230C (de) * 1933-02-01 1937-04-27 Geis G M B H Verfahren zur Verbindung metallischer Koerper mit Koerpern aus nichtleitendem Stoff,z. B. keramischen Koerpern, mit Hilfe von Elektroden
DE962028C (de) * 1953-09-08 1957-04-18 Huck Mfg Company Niet mit Schliesskopf
DE1262077B (de) * 1958-08-09 1968-02-29 William B Elliott Presssitzverbindung
FR2178357A5 (fr) * 1972-03-29 1973-11-09 Ducellier & Cie
EP0042018A1 (fr) * 1980-06-16 1981-12-23 The Boeing Company Procédé pour assembler des éléments à l'aide de rivets semi-creux

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE134296C (fr) *
DE644230C (de) * 1933-02-01 1937-04-27 Geis G M B H Verfahren zur Verbindung metallischer Koerper mit Koerpern aus nichtleitendem Stoff,z. B. keramischen Koerpern, mit Hilfe von Elektroden
DE962028C (de) * 1953-09-08 1957-04-18 Huck Mfg Company Niet mit Schliesskopf
DE1262077B (de) * 1958-08-09 1968-02-29 William B Elliott Presssitzverbindung
FR2178357A5 (fr) * 1972-03-29 1973-11-09 Ducellier & Cie
EP0042018A1 (fr) * 1980-06-16 1981-12-23 The Boeing Company Procédé pour assembler des éléments à l'aide de rivets semi-creux

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1498218A3 (fr) * 2003-07-17 2005-07-13 DGS Druckguss Systeme AG Procédé de fabrication d'un élément fonctionnel à construction légère

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO803668L (no) 1982-06-07
EP0065969A1 (fr) 1982-12-08

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