Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
  • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
  • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
  • E21C39/00—Devices for testing in situ the hardness or other properties of minerals, e.g. for giving information as to the selection of suitable mining tools
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
  • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
  • Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
  • Y10T436/25375—Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.]

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for sorting coarse to fine-particle materials according to their chemical composition, in which samples are taken and analyzed and in which the forwarding or further processing of the materials is controlled as a function of the analysis result.
• the new process can be used in the mining or processing of minerals, such as ore, coal, basalt, sand, etc., or of semi-finished products, such as minerals in the form of pellets, coke and many other materials.
• minerals such as ore, coal, basalt, sand, etc.
• semi-finished products such as minerals in the form of pellets, coke and many other materials.
• a roughly 1 kilogram sample is only taken from about every 10th bucket using a gripping tool. This sample is ground, sieved, magnetically separated and a portion of it is dried, a portion of it is again measured and analyzed by wet chemistry. On the basis of this analysis result, until the next analysis result is available, all other blades are tipped into the shaft which is intended for the analyzed quality level, although the composition of the material of the blade usually increases
• the invention is based on the object of developing a method with which representative samples of the material which is to be analyzed and sorted can be taken in rapid succession and analyzed in a sufficiently short time.
• a sample is taken from each shovel in the manner described above and analyzed so quickly that the contents of the shovel can be directed into the shaft provided for this ore composition or for this quality without waiting. This would allow a much more precise sorting of the mined material.
• the samples are taken up in the form of a whirled up, by-product or artificially produced mixture of coarser dust and fine dust, then the coarser one Dust is separated off and when the remaining fine dust or a fraction of this fine dust is finally analyzed.
• the dust sample can be deposited on filters or in a small container.
• the dust yield will usually be between 10 and 100 mg.
• X-ray fluorescence analysis can be used as an analysis method suitable for the filter samples. If the sample substance is separated in a container, the analysis can also be carried out using an adapted wet chemical method. In the case of an iron ore sample (magnetite, apatite), for example, the apatite, which contains the quality-determining phosphorus, can be dissolved and analyzed by hot reagents.
• Another suitable method for the rapid analysis of the dust sample is plasma emission spectroscopy.
• the dust is either injected directly into the plasma or evaporated before it is injected. Due to the small grain size of the dust, the material can evaporate instantly.
• the dust mixture is generated during the sampling by compressed air in such a way that dust is whirled up and sucked off by repeatedly blowing the ore charge during the loading process.
• Dust components of a certain composition can also be removed from the subsequent chemical analysis by magnetic or electrostatic precipitation. It has been shown that a certain grain size fraction is in many cases more representative of the chemical composition of the materials to be analyzed than the other dust components.This is due, for example, to the fact that arbitrary selection processes occur to a greater extent when sampling or vacuuming up the coarser dust particles , or that fine-grained dust from the environment occurs simultaneously.
• FIG. 1 shows the principle of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention
• Figure 2 shows different design options for the formation of the pre-separator of the device
• FIG. 3 shows various design options for the formation of the dust separator of the device according to FIG. 1,
• FIG. 4 shows a shovel loader with an embodiment of the device according to FIG. 1 and
• iron ore 1 is transported in the shovel loader 2 to the collecting shafts 4 to 6.
• the resulting dust 3 is in this embodiment with the help a dust collecting head 8 sucked.
• the unit 12 symbolizes a suction pump. If there is not enough dust available at the measuring point or the naturally occurring dust is not sufficiently representative, the required amount of dust is generated by blowing the ore 1 with compressed air, by means of dust collecting devices 8 arranged in the vicinity of the dust collecting head 8 or the like.
• the dust collecting head 8 expediently contains a prefilter (not shown here) in order to determine the maximum grain size of the sample at this point.
• dust particles with certain properties are separated off in the subsequent separator 9 (see also FIG. 2) before further investigation.
• the remaining dust is then removed in the air flow with the aid of a dust separator 10 (see also FIG. 3).
• the dust carrier - a dust filter or a vessel, depending on the design of the dust separator 10 - is then fed to a rapid analysis device 11.
• the analysis result contains the statement about the further one
• FIG. 2 serves to illustrate the different principles on which the dust separation in the separator 9 can be based.
• a) use is made of gravimetric separation, while in case b) magnetic and in example c) portions are separated; in practice, a specific method or a combination of several methods is usually used.
• a dust collector e.g. a filter separator arrangement or a cyclone
• Insert impactor Figure 3a.
• FIG. 4 shows a shovel loader used in ore mining with a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
• the dust collecting head 8 according to FIG. 1 is part of the dust collecting device 17.
• Separator 9 and dust separator 10 are also accommodated in this device 17 .
• the turbine 18 is for an air throughput of 1 to 3.5 m 3 / h based on the cross-sectional area in cm 2 of the membrane filter inserted in the collecting device 17 - comparable to the filter 15 according to FIG. 3a - or up to approximately 300 m 3 / h designed.
• This collecting device 16 contains a prefilter with a subsequent filter unit according to FIG. 3a or an impactor according to FIG. 3b. Due to the large fluctuations in the medium size of the Ore chunks of the goods to be loaded also vary greatly in the amount of dust available.
• the arrangement of the nozzles on the blade edge 7, with the aid of compressed air with 6 atm in this example and also due to the high suction power on the collecting device ensures that sufficient dust sample material is collected in each case. A suction time of approx.
• FIG. 5 shows the averaged analysis values of shovel loads both for the standard method (19) and for the method (20) according to the invention compared to the analysis values of the corresponding wagon loads after emptying the shaft (21).
• each blade was analyzed.
• Table 1 shows the importance of the process according to the invention for the yield of low-phosphorus-containing ore (0.08% phosphorus) in a mine section examined as an example.
• Table 1 Yield of low-phosphorus-containing ore for various analytical methods and procedures.
• the method according to the invention can be used in principle in the same way for the analysis and subsequent sorting of other coarse to fine-particle materials. Since only a short period of time (approx. 1 min) passes from sampling to analysis, many transport processes leave enough time to transport the material to the assigned storage location or container, depending on its composition or quality.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
• Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6063971

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (19)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 1979
  • 1979-02-26 DE DE2907513A patent/DE2907513C2/de not_active Expired
• 1980
  • 1980-02-22 JP JP55500620A patent/JPS632334B2/ja not_active Expired
  • 1980-02-22 DE DE8080900489T patent/DE3063939D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1980-02-22 WO PCT/EP1980/000010 patent/WO1980001837A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1980-02-22 US US06/212,728 patent/US4441616A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1980-02-26 AU AU55886/80A patent/AU531964B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1980-09-11 EP EP80900489A patent/EP0024418B1/de not_active Expired

Patent Citations (3)

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