Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
  • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

• This memo describes a non-polluting process for carbonizing wood, essentially comprising a production furnace arranged so as to recover the recoverable content of waste products by coal itself. It concerns the necessary equipment, the method of use and the new charcoal thus obtained.
• the pyroligneous vapors which are released during carbonization consist of water vapor, non-condensable gases and various organic bodies such as methanol, acetic acid and homologs, tars.
• the incondensable gases are rich in carbon monoxide therefore toxic, and, on the other hand, the tars make these vapors suffocating and polluting.
• the present invention essentially consists in having a continuous carbonization furnace with an additional hearth, so that the pyroligneous vapors are completely burnt, even when treating very humid woods without pre-drying, so as to thus eliminate any atmospheric pollution.
• the fumes from the annex hearth are used to bring the air used in this hearth to high temperature for the complete final combustion of the pyroligneus vapors from the oven and for heating the latter by partial combustion of these vapors on the coal.
• the carbonization furnace is a vertical cylindrical device with metal walls, comprising: 1 ° - At the head, a loading chimney H, of reduced section, where the level of wood is periodically checked with the ball B. The wood is loaded periodically in this chimney by any elevating device A, so as to maintain this chimney H constantly furnished with wood. 2 ° - Below, a tank C, of much wider section where the wood is gradually dried, then charred under the effect of very hot gases coming from the lower part of this tank. The pyroligneous vapors are evacuated from this tank by the pipe 10. The entire area is preferably of steel wall stainless and externally insulated.
• the tank is made of ordinary steel and its section is reduced by an interior lining in insulating refractory materials. It is in this zone that the charcoal is cooked, it being understood that this term corresponds to the reduction of the volatile matter content of the charcoal.
• a sufficient flow of pyroligneous vapors is adjusted by valve 1 so that the carbonization zone C remains hot enough (350 ° C in T 5 and 200 to 250 ° C in T 6 ) without exceeding 150 ° C in T 7 .
• the quantity of heating air is adjusted to obtain the desired cooking temperature of the coal (450 to 600 ° C.) observed in T4.
• the gaseous products are evacuated from the chamber D situated substantially at the level of the chamber F, at a temperature close to that of the cooking of the coal. They exit through the pipe 15 with adjustment by the valve 3 to go to the annex hearth M.
• the passage of all the pyroligneous vapors through the hot coal causes the cracking of the tars and, therefore, the gaseous products leaving the oven are no longer coking.
• the high-temperature cracked pyroligneous vapors are sent through the pipe 15 into the annex hearth M.
• This is a capacity with an ordinary steel casing internally filled with insulating cool materials.
• This hearth communicates directly with the heat exchanger E where there circulates against the current the air necessary for the combustion of all of the pyroligneous vapors, both in the oven (at F) and in the adjoining hearth.
• This appliance is made so as to bring the combustion air to a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C, or slightly higher if the wood is very humid.
• This air is blown by the fan V 3 and admitted to the heat exchanger by the pipe 16.
• the hot air leaving E is distributed by pipes 13 and 14 with regulation by valves 2 and 4 between the heating of the oven and the complete final combustion, in the hearth M, of the pyroligneous vapors. Under these conditions, the temperature of the hearth M is high enough for combustion to be complete there and the partially cooled burnt gases are evacuated, after passage through E through the pipe 17 into the atmosphere.
• valve 3 This is how the gas outlet will be regulated by valve 3 so that there is always a certain proportion of air sucked in by V 1 with the pyroligneous vapors. This proportion of air will however be checked by the free O 2 analyzer F so that there is no risk of explosion.
• This control device can advantageously be a register and regulator by acting on valve 3.
• the assembly described above makes it possible to carbonize without pollution of wood having up to 45% humidity without prior artificial drying, the productivity of an oven being all the greater the less humid the wood is and in pieces of smaller size.
• these chambers F and D can be produced by simple internal partitions laughs in the oven according to figure 2.
• FIG. 4 shows D a little above F; these chambers need only be close enough for the temperature in D to be very little lower than that which prevails in F.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
• Coke Industry (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
• Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9204463

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (7)

Families Citing this family (9)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1978
  • 1978-02-10 FR FR7803830A patent/FR2416931A1/fr active Granted
• 1979
  • 1979-01-24 CH CH896780A patent/CH645666A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1979-01-24 DE DE19792953663 patent/DE2953663A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1979-01-24 WO PCT/FR1979/000006 patent/WO1979000610A1/fr unknown
  • 1979-02-08 ES ES477558A patent/ES477558A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1979-08-28 EP EP79900132A patent/EP0009026A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 1981
  • 1981-03-13 SE SE8101634A patent/SE8101634L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (5)

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