USRE44761E1 - Solder joint flip chip interconnection having relief structure - Google Patents
Solder joint flip chip interconnection having relief structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE44761E1 USRE44761E1 US13/756,817 US201313756817A USRE44761E US RE44761 E1 USRE44761 E1 US RE44761E1 US 201313756817 A US201313756817 A US 201313756817A US RE44761 E USRE44761 E US RE44761E
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- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002131 composite materials Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004065 semiconductors Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001128 Sn alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound 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- 210000001503 Joints Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pb].[Cu] Chemical compound 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- 239000002356 single layers Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 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[H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
- H01L21/56—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation layers, coatings
- H01L21/563—Encapsulation of active face of flip-chip device, e.g. underfilling or underencapsulation of flip-chip, encapsulation preform on chip or mounting substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/498—Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
- H01L23/49838—Geometry or layout
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/10—Bump connectors ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/15—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
- H01L24/16—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
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Abstract
Description
The present application is a reissue application of U.S. Pat. No. 8,216,930, which is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/640,534, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,659,633, filed Dec. 14, 2006, and claims priority to the foregoing parent application pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §120 which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/597,648, filed Dec. 14, 2005, and further is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/388,755, now abandoned, filed Mar. 24, 2006, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/665,208, filed Mar. 25, 2005, and further is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/985,654, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,368,817, filed Nov. 10, 2004, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/518,864, filed Nov. 10, 2003 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/533,918, filed Dec. 31, 2003.
This invention relates to semiconductor packaging and, particularly, to flip chip interconnection.
Flip chip packages include a semiconductor die mounted onto a package substrate with the active side of the die facing the substrate. The substrate is made up of a dielectric layer and at least one metal layer, patterned to provide substrate circuitry, which includes among other features traces (“leads”) leading to interconnect pads. The metal layer may be patterned by, for example, a mask and etch process. Conventionally, interconnection of the circuitry in the die with circuitry in the substrate is made by way of bumps which are attached to an array of interconnect pads on the die, and bonded to a corresponding (complementary) array of interconnect pads (often referred to as “capture pads”) on the substrate. The capture pads are typically much wider than the leads, and can be as wide as, for example, about 2 to 4 times the nominal or design width of the leads. Conventionally, the interconnect area on the capture pad is approximately equal to the interconnect area on the die pad.
The areal density of electronic features on integrated circuits has increased enormously, and chips having a greater density of circuit features also may have a greater density of sites (“die pads”) for interconnection with the circuitry on a package substrate.
The package is connected to underlying circuitry, such as a printed circuit board (e.g., a “motherboard”), in the device in which the package is employed, by way of second level interconnects (e.g., pins, secondary interconnect solder balls) between the package and the underlying circuit. The second level interconnects have a greater pitch than the flip chip interconnects, and so the routing on the substrate conventionally “fans out”. Significant technological advances in patterning the metal layer on the substrate have enabled construction of fine lines and spaces; but in the conventional arrangement space between adjacent pads limits the number of traces than can escape from the more inward capture pads in the array, and the fan out routing between the capture pads beneath the die and the external pins of the package is conventionally formed on multiple metal layers within the package substrate. For a complex interconnect array, substrates having multiple layers may be required to achieve routing between the die pads and the second level interconnects on the package.
Multiple layer substrates are expensive, and in conventional flip chip constructs the substrate alone typically accounts for more than half the package cost (about 60% in some typical instances). The high cost of multilayer substrates has been a factor in limiting proliferation of flip chip technology in mainstream products.
In conventional flip chip constructs the escape routing pattern typically introduces additional electrical parasitics, because the routing includes short runs of unshielded wiring and vias between wiring layers in the signal transmission path. Electrical parasitics can significantly limit package performance.
Flip chip interconnection is commonly used in a wide variety of integrated circuit designs, including for example ASIC, GPU, Chipset, DSP, FPGA.
The aforementioned challenges presented by conventional flip chip interconnect can be addressed by connecting the interconnect bump directly onto a lead (“Bump-on-Lead” interconnect, or “BoL”); or by connecting the interconnect bump directly onto a narrow interconnection pad, or narrow pad (“Bump-on-Narrow Pad”, or “BoNP”) rather than onto a conventional capture pad. Such approaches are described in, for example, related U.S. application Ser. No. 10/985,654 (BoL) and U.S. application Ser. No. 11/388,755 (BoNP).
BoNP or BoL approaches can provide more efficient routing of traces on the substrate. Particularly, the signal routing can be formed entirely in a single metal layer of the substrate. This can reduce the number of layers in the substrate, and forming the signal traces in a single layer also permits relaxation of some of the via, line and space design rules that the substrate must meet. This simplification of the substrate greatly reduces the overall cost of the flip chip package. The bump-on-lead architecture also helps eliminate such features as vias and “stubs” from the substrate design, and enables a microstrip controlled impedance electrical environment for signal transmission, thereby greatly improving performance.
We have discovered that, within selected design parameters, a BoL or BoNP flip chip interconnection can be at least as reliable as a conventional bond on capture pad interconnect. Generally, within a range, interconnect structures formed on narrower leads—that is, more sharply tapered interconnect structures—can be more reliable than interconnect structures formed on less narrow leads.
Particularly, where the CTE of the die differs significantly from the CTE of the substrate, improved reliability can result from configuring the interconnect so that the interconnect structure is tapered, and the area of contact of the solder with the site on the lead is significantly less than the area of contact of the solder with the die pad. The contact at the site on the lead can be narrower as a result of a narrow dimension of the lead at the site (BoL) or of a narrow pad at the site (BoNP); or the contact at the site on the lead can be narrow as a consequence of masking a larger pad or otherwise limiting the solder-wettable area of a larger pad.
In some embodiments the CTE of the substrate is significantly greater than the CTE of the die; and the material of the interconnect structure is selected to be close to that of the substrate. For example, the CTE of a laminate (organic) substrate is typically in a range about 16-18 ppm/degree C.; the CTE of silicon is about 2-3 ppm/degree C.; the CTE of “glass ceramic” (in earlier use for substrates) is about 3-4 ppm/degree C.; the CTE of a co-fired ceramic (in use in multilayer substrates—as many as 16-18 layers, for example) is about 8-8.5 ppm/degree C. The CTE of a laminate (organic) substrate, on the other hand, is typically in a range about 16-18 ppm/degree C., and so a significant CTE mismatch exists between silicon die and organic laminate or build-up substrates. In some embodiments, the die is silicon-based, the substrate is an organic laminate or build-up substrate, and the tapered interconnect structure has a CTE in the range about 18-28 ppm/degree C.
In one general aspect the invention features a flip chip interconnection having tapered interconnect structures, in which a width of the connection of the interconnect structure with a die pad is greater than a width of the connection of the interconnect structure with a site on a lead. In some embodiments the connection at the die pad is about 1.5 times as wide as the connection at the lead, or is about 2 times as wide as the connection at the lead, or is about 3 times as wide as the connection at the lead, or is about 4 times as wide as the connection at the lead. The width of the connection at the die pad can be in a range about 50 um to about 150 um; die pads in common use have widths about 110 (or 120) urn and about 90 um. The width of the connection at the site at the lead can be in a range about 20 um to about 100 um; some standard leads have widths at the site about 50 um, or about 40 um, or about 30 um. Where the CTE mismatch between the die and the substrate is greater, a more sharply tapering interconnect structure may prove more reliable; where the CTE mismatch is less, a less sharply tapered interconnect structure may prove suitable.
In some embodiments the interconnect structure is a composite structure, including a higher-melting bump connected to the die pad, and a lower-melting solder connecting the bump to the site on the lead. The lower-melting component of the composite structure can be provided as a cap on the bump; or, the lower-melting component can be provided on the interconnect site (for example as a solder paste, or a plated spot); or a lower-melting material could be provided on each the bump and the site. The higher-melting bump can be of a material that is substantially non-collapsible at the reflow temperatures employed in making the interconnect. In such embodiments the higher-melting bump can be, for example, a high-lead solder (such as a lead-tin alloy having high lead content), or copper, or gold, or nickel, or a combination of these. The lower-melting solder can be, for example, a eutectic solder, which may be tin-based, including tin and alloys of tin such as silver, copper, or lead, or a combination of these. Or, the bump could be entirely of a material that melts at the reflow temperature.
The bump can be affixed to the die pad; or, it can be formed on the die pad in situ, by printing or plating the bump material at the die pads and then heating to form the bumps.
In another general aspect the invention features a flip chip package including a die having interconnect pads in an active surface, and a substrate having interconnect sites on electrically conductive traces in a die attach surface, in which tapered interconnect structures connect the die pads to the sites. In some embodiments the sites include locations in the leads (BoL); in some embodiments the sites include narrow pads in the leads (BoNP); in some embodiments the sites include small-area portions of capture pads.
The bump-on-lead interconnection is formed according to methods of the invention with use of a solder mask to confine the molten solder during a re-melt stage in the process. According to the invention the solder mask and openings in the solder mask are configured so that the solder mask contacts—or is very close to—the interconnect structure at the margin of the solder mask opening, so that it interferes with the flow of underfill material to the region adjacent the connection of the interconnect structure with the metallization on the substrate. As a result, voids remain following completion of the underfill process. According to the invention, these voids can provide some relief from thermal stress. The voids may contain whatever atmosphere was present during the underfill process.
Accordingly, in some embodiments the substrate is further provided with a solder mask having openings over the interconnect sites on the leads, and the solder mask contacts the interconnect structures at the margin of the solder mask openings; the assembly includes an underfill between the die and the substrate, but voids remain adjacent the interconnection with the sites on the substrate, defined in part by the locus of the contact of the solder mask with the interconnect structures.
Accordingly in one general aspect the invention features a flip chip interconnection having tapered interconnect structures, in which a width of the connection of the interconnect structure with a die pad is greater than a width of the connection of the interconnect structure with a site on a lead, and further including a solder mask having openings, in which the solder mask contacts the interconnect structure at the margin of the openings, and further comprising an underfill between the die and the substrate, wherein voids are present adjacent the sites on the substrate.
We have also found by computer modeling that thermally-induced maximum stress in BoL interconnections is less on leads that are oriented at the interconnect site toward a thermally neutral point on the die (that is, in a “radial” direction) than on leads that are oriented at the interconnect site perpendicularly to a radial direction.
In another general aspect the invention features a substrate for BoL or BoNP flip chip interconnection, in which the lengthwise dimension of the interconnect site (the mating portion of the lead or narrow pad) is oriented in a direction approximately aligned toward the thermally neutral point of the die, or deviating less than about 45° (more usually, less than about 20°; still more usually, less than about 10°) from such an alignment.
In another general aspect the invention features a method for forming flip chip interconnection, by providing a substrate having interconnect sites in conductive traces formed in a die attach surface, providing a die having bumps attached to interconnect pads in an active surface; providing a fusible conductive material on the bumps or on the interconnect sites (or on each the bumps and the interconnect sites); supporting the substrate and the die; positioning the die with the active side of the die toward the die attach surface of the substrate, and aligning the die and substrate and moving one toward the other so that the bumps contact the corresponding sites; and melting and then re-solidifying the fusible material, forming a metallurgical interconnection between the bump and the trace. In some embodiments the method further includes forming an underfill between the die and the substrate.
In another general aspect the invention features a method for forming flip chip interconnection, by providing a substrate having traces formed in a die attach surface and having a solder mask having openings over interconnect sites on the leads, and a die having bumps attached to interconnect pads in an active surface; supporting the substrate and the die; positioning the die with the active side of the die toward the die attach surface of the substrate, and aligning the die and substrate and moving one toward the other so that the bumps contact the corresponding traces (leads) on the substrate; melting and then re-solidifying to form the interconnection between the bump and the interconnect site on the trace.
In some embodiments the solder bump includes a collapsible solder portion, and the melt and solidifying step melts the bump to form the interconnection on the interconnect site. In some embodiments the substrate is further provided with a solder paste on the interconnect site, and the step of moving the die and the substrate toward one another effects a contact between the bump and the solder on the site, and the melt and solidifying step melts the solder on the site to form the interconnection.
In another general aspect the invention features a method for forming flip chip interconnection, by providing a substrate having traces formed in a die attach surface and having a solder mask having openings over interconnect sites on the leads and having solder paste on the leads at the interconnect sites, and a die having bumps attached to interconnect pads in an active surface; supporting the substrate and the die; positioning the die with the active side of the die toward the die attach surface of the substrate, and aligning the die and substrate and moving one toward the other so that the bumps contact the solder paste on the corresponding traces (leads) on the substrate; and melting and then re-solidifying the solder paste, forming a metallurgical interconnection between the bump and the trace.
In another general aspect the invention features a flip chip package, including interconnections formed as described above, and additionally including forming an underfill between the die and the substrate.
The invention will now be described in further detail by reference to the drawings, which illustrate alternative embodiments of the invention. The drawings are diagrammatic, showing features of the invention and their relation to other features and structures, and are not made to scale. For improved clarity of presentation, in the FIGS. illustrating embodiments of the invention, elements corresponding to elements shown in other drawings are not all particularly renumbered, although they are all readily identifiable in all the FIGS.
The conventional flip chip interconnection is made by using a melting process to join the bumps (conventionally, solder bumps) onto the mating surfaces of the corresponding capture pads and, accordingly, this is known as a “bump-on-capture pad” (“BoC”) interconnect. Two features are evident in the BOC design: first, a comparatively large capture pad is required to mate with the bump on the die; second, an insulating material, typically known as a “solder mask” is required to confine the flow of solder during the interconnection process. The solder mask opening may define the contour of the melted solder at the capture pad (“solder mask defined”), or the solder contour may not be defined by the mask opening (“non-solder mask defined”).
The techniques for defining solder mask openings have wide tolerance ranges. Consequently, for a solder mask defined bump configuration, the capture pad must be large (typically considerably larger than the design size for the mask opening), to ensure that the mask opening will be located on the mating surface of the pad; and for a non-solder mask defined bump configuration, the solder mask opening must be larger than the capture pad. The width of capture pads (or diameter, for circular pads) is typically about the same as the ball (or bump) diameter, and can be as much as two to four times wider than the trace width. This results in considerable loss of routing space on the top substrate layer. In particular, for example, the “escape routing pitch” is much bigger than the finest trace pitch that the substrate technology can offer. This means that a significant number of pads must be routed on lower substrate layers by means of short stubs and vias, often beneath the footprint of the die, emanating from the pads in question.
In such a conventional flip chip interconnect arrangement, signal escape traces in the upper metal layer of the substrate lead from their respective capture pads across the die edge location, and away from the die footprint. The capture pads are typically three times greater than the trace width. In one example of a conventional arrangement, the capture pads are arranged in a 210 um two-row area array pitch in a solder mask defined configuration, with one signal trace between capture pads in the marginal row, resulting in an effective escape pitch about 105 um, for example. In one example of a BoL interconnect, the interconnect sites can be arranged in a 210 um three-row area array pitch, with two signal traces between sites in the outer row, resulting in an effective escape pitch about 70 um. This escape pitch is adequate to route a significant proportion of integrated circuit designs that commonly employ flip chip interconnection on a single metallization layer, based on the inherent I/O density of the IC device architectures. BoL interconnection also further opens the prospect of routing a considerable proportion of flip chip designs in conventional through-hole laminate substrates, inasmuch as laminate substrates have line/space capacities of about 40 um/40 um (or better). This could provide for substantial cost reduction.
A non-solder mask defined solder contour may alternatively be employed, in which the flow of solder along the lead is limited at least in port by a patterned deposition of non-solder-wettable material on the lead surface.
Thermal movement (in the x-y plane) of die pads on the die attach surface of the die in relation to the corresponding points on the substrate (as indicated for example by arrow 13 in
Movement (in the x-y plane) of a die pad in relation to an underlying contact pad can result in stresses to the interconnection between the pad and the contact pad. Where the movement passes a limit, something has to give: failure of the interconnect can result. In conventional flip chip interconnects, where there is a thermal mismatch between the die and the substrate, failure typically occurs at the joint between the solder bump and the die pad. And, in convention flip chip interconnects, where there is a thermal mismatch between the die and the substrate, even if there is no failure, thermal stress at the die pad can cause damage to the die.
Conventionally it is thought that, in an ideal solder joint structure, the area (diameter) of the interconnect pad on the substrate is approximately equal to the area (diameter) of the interconnect pad on the die, as shown by way of example in
By analysis of interconnect configurations using computer simulations, we have determined that the primary locus of stress is as referenced at 19 in
A BoL interconnection according to an embodiment of the invention is shown by way of example in sectional views perpendicular to the surface of the substrate in
Referring now to
The interconnect structures according to some embodiments can be made using entirely fusible materials, or using composite bumps, or using a solder-on-lead method, as described above.
Particularly, for example, so-called composite interconnect structures may be used. Composite structures have at least two bump portions, made of different materials, including one which is collapsible under reflow conditions, and one which is substantially non-collapsible under reflow conditions. The non-collapsible portion is attached to the interconnect pad on the die; typical conventional materials for the non-collapsible portion include various solders having a high lead (Pd) content, for example, (such as a lead-tin alloy having high lead content), or copper, or gold, or nickel, or a combination of these. The collapsible portion is joined to the non-collapsible portion, and it is the collapsible portion that makes the connection with the interconnect site on the lead. Typical conventional materials for the collapsible portion of the composite bump include eutectic solders, for example, which may be tin-based, including tin and alloys of tin such as silver, copper, or lead, or a combination of these.
This structure can be formed in the following way, for example. Solder bumps (or balls) are attached to or formed on the die pads (under bump metallization or UBM). Solder is applied to the interconnect sites on the traces, for example in the form of a solder paste. The die is oriented, active side facing the mounting surface of the substrate, so that the bumps on the die are aligned with the respective interconnect sites on the leads, and the die is moved toward the substrate to bring the bumps into contact with the solder on the leads. The assembly is then heated, to reflow the solder and form the connection at the interconnect site. As the solder on the lead reflows, it wicks to the solder-wettable surface of the solder bump, and to the solder-wettable mating surfaces of the lead. The surface of the substrate dielectric 20 is not solder-wettable, and the solder tends to make little or no contact with the substrate dielectric. The tapered form of the connection structure (as viewed in section across the lead, as in
For example, the bumps may be formed of a high-lead (high-Pb) solder (e.g., 97% lead, 2% tin), and the solder on the interconnect site can be a eutectic solder. Reflow in some such examples can be carried out at a peak temperature of 235° C., employing flux in a jet flux method.
In a BoL construct such as is shown here, although the width of the leads may vary over their length, no particular widening of the leads is formed at the interconnect sites; in a BoNP construct, the leads may be widened to a limited extent at the interconnect sites. In either BoL or BONP construct, the sides of the lead—as well as the top—(the mating surfaces) are exposed to the solder at the interconnect site, and during reflow solder wicks to the solder-wettable surfaces.
As noted with reference to
Any of a variety of substrate types can be employed according to the invention, including for example build-up film substrates and laminate substrates. For example, a 1-2-1 high-density build-up substrate can be used (such as an Ajinomoto Build-Up Film, or other high density substrate build-up film), or a 4-layer laminate substrate can be used.
Testing of samples constructed generally as shown in
With further reference to
A BoL construct according to the invention may have the following dimensions, for example: UD, 90 um; D, 110 um; H, 75 um; T, 40 um; CW, 30 um, CT, 20 um. A BoL construct having these dimensions formed on an Ajinomoto Build-Up Film (ABF) 1-2-1 substrate has performed well in fatigue failure tests. This result is surprising, because it is conventionally believed that preferred interconnects should have a shape and support area for the joint at the die side approximately equal to that on the substrate side (bond-on-capture pad, or BoC). (A similar BoL construct, having a wider CW (40 um) and formed on a 4-layer BT laminate, performed less satisfactorily.) Without intending to be bound thereto, the applicants suggest that the following hypothesis might explain this surprising result. Although in the conventional BoC the average strain on the interconnect system is determined by the magnitude of the CTE mismatch between the die and the substrate, a high strain concentration occurs at the bump/die interface, because at this location there is an abrupt difference in CTE. Accordingly, applicants suggest that fatigue failure is driven by a concentration of plastic strain at this location, and not by the average strain. In the BoL construct, because the interconnect structure is tapered, the portion of it nearer the substrate has a greater compliancy; particularly, applicants suggest that there is a high compliancy region (or “relief structure”) at or near the narrow interface at the interconnect site on the trace. Applicants suggest that this relief structure has an effect of diffusing the strain away from the die pad, resulting in improved fatigue life of the system. A computer analysis (Finite Element Modeling, FET) can lend support to this view.
A conventional (BoC) construct having the following dimensions was used for the FET analysis: UD, 90 um; D, 110 um; H, 75 um; OPx, 95 um; T, 40 um; CW, 115 um, CT, 20 um. The analysis showed a considerable concentration of maximum strain at the interface with the die pad in the BoC model, and a maximum plastic strain in a zone on the “leading edge” of the structure at the die pad (see,
Other embodiments are within the following claims.
Claims (36)
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US51886403P true | 2003-11-10 | 2003-11-10 | |
US53391803P true | 2003-12-31 | 2003-12-31 | |
US10/985,654 US7368817B2 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2004-11-10 | Bump-on-lead flip chip interconnection |
US66520805P true | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | |
US59764805P true | 2005-12-14 | 2005-12-14 | |
US11/388,755 US20060216860A1 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2006-03-24 | Flip chip interconnection having narrow interconnection sites on the substrate |
US11/640,534 US7659633B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2006-12-14 | Solder joint flip chip interconnection having relief structure |
US12/643,180 US8216930B2 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2009-12-21 | Solder joint flip chip interconnection having relief structure |
US13/756,817 USRE44761E1 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2013-02-01 | Solder joint flip chip interconnection having relief structure |
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