USRE25218E - Process for carrying out endothermic - Google Patents

Process for carrying out endothermic Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE25218E
USRE25218E US25218DE USRE25218E US RE25218 E USRE25218 E US RE25218E US 25218D E US25218D E US 25218DE US RE25218 E USRE25218 E US RE25218E
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carbon
hydrogen
atoms
hydrocarbons
reaction
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C3/00—Cyanogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01C3/02—Preparation, separation or purification of hydrogen cyanide
    • C01C3/0208—Preparation in gaseous phase
    • C01C3/025—Preparation in gaseous phase by using a plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
    • C07C4/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
    • C07C4/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
    • C07C4/04—Thermal processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
    • C07C4/08—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by splitting-off an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic part from the molecule
    • C07C4/10—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by splitting-off an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic part from the molecule from acyclic hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G15/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils by electric means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, by particle radiation or with gases superheated in electric arcs
    • C10G15/12—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils by electric means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, by particle radiation or with gases superheated in electric arcs with gases superheated in an electric arc, e.g. plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/34—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts
    • C10G9/36—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
    • C10G9/38—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B7/00—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00121—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling
    • B01J2219/00123—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling adding a temperature modifying medium to the reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00159—Controlling the temperature controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B2700/00—Combustion apparatus for solid fuel
    • F23B2700/023—Combustion apparatus for solid fuel with various arrangements not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for carrying out endothermic reactions at high temperatures, wherein energy is transferred by a gaseous medium 111 a manner such that by energy supplied the molecules of the gase one medium are split into atoms and the energy set free upon recombination of said atoms to molecules is used to elfect the endothermic reactions.
  • the starting material used is only partially reacted; a great amount of olefins is always obtained. Further more, practically pure oxygen is necessary to produce the gaseous heating medium, since when using air only insufliciently high temperatures are attained, or a too diluted acetylene gas is formed. Still further, the yield is reduced by secondary reactions of the combustion products which react, among others, with the starting material and the resultant acetylene and form carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
  • Version (c) is used, for example, in electric arc methods conducted on an industrial scale. If, however, such method is applied to hydrocarbons, their conversion is only about 50 percent. Besides, the separation of the non-reacted hydrocarbon from the hydrogen and the repeated expenditure of energy for once more heating up said non-reacted hydrocarbon involve further expenses. Furthermore, diacetylene and soot are formed and, finally, these processes are restricted to the use of hydrocarbons with a small number of carbon atoms.
  • the present invention is based on the observation th the dis-advantages involved in the processes known f carrying out endothermic reactions can be prevented 1 using a process wherein, for the transfer of energy, least one gas, such as hydrogen and/ or nitrogen, caused to participate in the reaction by heating it so th part or all its molecules are thermally split into atorr the gas so formed-containing free atomsis caused act outside the heating zone upon the other reactant 1 reactants, and the reacted mixture is chilled.
  • the energy set free upc recombination of the atoms to molecules is used to can out the endothermic reactions.
  • the term recombin tion as used herein means the re-formation of neutr molecules from atoms.
  • Suc reactions are, for example, the preparation of unsatt rated organic compounds which, on the one hand, cor tain at least one triple bond and at most 2 carbon atom and, on the other hand, contain at most two atoms 0 at least one element selected from the group consistin of hydrogen and nitrogen, such as acetylene (HCECH) hydrogen cyanide (HCEN), and dicyane (GEN);
  • HECH acetylene
  • HCEN hydrogen cyanide
  • GEN dicyane
  • ethylene For the production of the aforesaid unsaturated organi compounds from hydrocarbons or carbon, on the on hand, and hydrogen and/ or nitrogen, on the other hand generally about 0.05 to about 2 mols of hydrogen and/o nitrogen are used per 1 gram atom of carbon container in the starting material. If hydrocarbons are used a starting material for the manufacture of products con taining hydrogen, it is preferable to use about 0.1 tr about 1 mol of hydrogen or nitrogen per 1 gram atom 0. carbon contained in the hydrocarbon. If a pulverizet carbon-containing material, for example coal or coke i; used as starting material, it is advisable to use greater amounts of the gas, i.e.
  • Sucl' carbon-content is about equal to the weight of the residue which is obtained after the carbon-containing start ing material has been degassed. To this end, it is possibls to use both degassed or undergassed coal. It is, however advisable to use a coal Which has almost been freed from humidity by drying it, for example, at a temperature 01 to C.
  • equi-atornic quanaenra I I s i.e. to use 1 gram atom of hydrogen and/or 1 n atom of nitrogen per 1 gram atom of carbon.
  • rs starting materials containing carbon there can be 1, for instance, saturated or unsaturated hydrocars containing up to 30 or more carbon atoms or pulvercarbon.
  • carbon as used herein means kinds of carbon or coal such as lignite, coal, coke obed from coal or lignite, or charcoal. It is particuy advantageous to use saturated hydrocarbons, such nethane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, heptane, tne, decane or dodecane, especially in the form of usual liquid technical or commercial mixtures, for triple in the form of hydrocarbon oils.
  • the hydrogen and/ or nitrogen can caused to act upon the liquid oils or liquid hydro- )OIIS, especially when these liquid compounds particiin the reaction in a finely divided form, for example a spray.
  • unsaturated and/or branched hydrocarbons there can be used unsaturated and/or branched hydrocarbons.
  • branched hydrocarbons there come into consideral, for example, isobutane, isooctane, isoheptane etc.
  • unsaturated hydrocarbons there can be used with ad- .tage, for example, ethylene, propylene, butylene and )utylene. It is, however, also possible to use natural :tures of hydrocarbons of natural origin or those obled in industry; for example topped Kuwait oil may used.
  • hydrogen and/ or nitror is used for the transfer of energy in a manner such t, by the supply of energy, the molecules of these es are split into atoms and the energy set free upon recombination of the atoms is used, outside the heatzone, to effect and to feed the endothermic reaction, for endothermically splitting the hydrocarbons or car- 1 bonds into carbon and for the formation of acetylene l/or hydrogen cyanide.
  • the aforesaid .es participate in the reaction.
  • Fhe process according to this invention is particularly table for use in the production of acetylene.
  • the reaction proceeds as follows: hot hydrogen the lecules of which are partially or totally dissociated 3 atoms is caused to act upon carbon or, advantage- ;ly hydrocarbons, for instance, such as have been menned above. Contrary thereto, when solid carbon is reed with nitrogen, dicyane can be obtained. If, how- -.r, solid carbon is treated with .a mixture of partially totally dissociated hydrogen and nitrogen, or-more Iantageouslyhydrocarbons, for instance those menned above, are treated with hot nitrogen which has at st partially been split into atoms, it is possible to pro- :e hydrogen cyanide. In the production of hydrogen mide from nitrogen and aliphatic saturated hydrobons, it is possible to use, as hydrocarbon, for exampropane, for example 0.1 to 1 mol, especially 0.7 0.6 mol of propane, per 1 mol of nitrogen.
  • carbon-containing starting materials for the process :ording to the invention aliphatic amines such as methyl .ine, ethyl amine, propyl amine, butyl amine, lauryl line, oleyl amine, ethylene-diamine, trimethylamine, di- :thylamine, tetramethylendiamine, hexamethylendian etc.
  • aliphatic amines such as methyl .ine, ethyl amine, propyl amine, butyl amine, lauryl line, oleyl amine, ethylene-diamine, trimethylamine, di- :thylamine, tetramethylendiamine, hexamethylendian etc.
  • the chilling of the reaction mixture generally, is per- ?med in a manner such that a liquid which practically does not react with the reacting or reacted components is injected into the reacted mixture.
  • Water can, for example, be used as such liquid.
  • the heat necessary to perform endothermic reactions is produced by the energy set free upon recombination of the gas atoms to molecules.
  • the heat of reaction of the following reactions is made:
  • the molecules are previously dissociated into atoms and recombined in the reaction chamber.
  • the whole apparatus as well .as the feed pipes are made of or lined with refractory material, for example carbon, chamotte tiles, dynamidon tiles, chalk-dines tiles or magnesium silicate tiles.
  • refractory material for example carbon, chamotte tiles, dynamidon tiles, chalk-dines tiles or magnesium silicate tiles.
  • the numerals designate the following parts:
  • the gas to be activated which .advantageously has been preheated to a temperature of about 1.900 C. enters the chamber 2 in which an angular momentum is imparted to the gas to be dissociated and then passes through a nozzle like aperture 3 into an electric are 4 formed between two carbon or metal electrodes or into another source of energy, for example a high frequency discharge, a glow discharge, or a quiet electric discharge, where the gas is split into atoms.
  • the minimum velocity rate of the gas be above 400 meters per second, preferably more than 1000 meters per second.
  • the electrodes consist, for example, of tungsten or carbon and the electric arc is for instance charged with about 35 kw.
  • reaction chamber 7 which is somewhat conically enlarged in downward direction the reaction between the two components sets in after the most favorable temperature for the optimum conversion has been adjusted by the temperature of the preheated gases and a suitable choice of the corresponding current intensity and tension of the electric arc.
  • a chilling agent for example water
  • the nozzle-like distributor 8 is sprayed through the nozzle-like distributor 8, so that the reacted mixture ,which escapes at 9 is fairly rapidly cooled, for instance, to a temperature of about 100 C.
  • these substances are blown in finely divided form, for instance as dust, into the reaction chamber through conduit 6 by means of a current of preferably non-atomic gases of equal kind.
  • the process of this invention provides a better utilization of the hydrocarbon used as starting material and is not dependent on the use of hydrocarbons having a certain size of the molecules; furthermore, much lower costs are involved in concentrating the acetylene due to the absence of soot and diacetylene; no separation of methane from hydrogen and less expenditure of electric energy are necessary.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Through the opening 1 of an arc furnace of 35 kw. 4 m? per hour of hydrogen, suitably preheated to 1000 C., are introduced in a tangential manner into chamber 2 in which an angular momentum. is imparted to the hydrogen. from said chamber the hydrogen passes through the nozzle 3 and enters the electric arc burning between the electrodes 4.
  • the nozzle is suitably meas ured so that the hydrogen enters the area of the electric are at a rate of at least 400 m./sec., preferably about 1000 rn./sec.
  • the now atomic hydrogen, at 5 strikes propane which is introduced at 6 at a rate of 4 m. per hour and has suitably been preheated to about 1000 C.
  • reaction chamber 7 a temperature of 1200 to about 1600 C. prevails, which temperature is the most favorable one for the optimum conversion.
  • the reaction products are 6 immediately cooled to about 100 C. by means of wa introduced through nozzle-like distributor -8 at a rate about 100 liters per hour.
  • EXAMPLE 2 The process is carried out in the apparatus and un the conditions described in Example 1 with the exe tion, however, that, instead of propane, there are int **d, per hour, about 5 kilograms of a topped oil Kuwait origin (boiling at a temperature between i and 340C.) in the form of vapor and having a te perature of about 500 C.
  • EXAMPLE 3 The process is carried out in the apparatus and un the same conditions as described in Example 1, with exception, however, that instead of propane there introduced, per hour, 4 kilograms of dodecane in form of vapor and having a temperature of about 5' C. There are obtained in the form of acetylene ab 80 percent of the carbon contained in the dodecane.
  • EXAMPLE 4 EXAMPLE 5 The process is carried out under the same conditi as described in Example 1 with the exception, howe that instead of hydrogen, there are passed through electric are per hour 5 cubic meters of nitrogen 1 heated to a temperature of 1000 C. and split in electric are into atoms.
  • the propane introduced a is used in a quantity of 3 cubic meters per hour.
  • T1 are obtained in the form of hydrogren cyanide about percent of the carbon used in the form of propane 15 percent of the carbon used are obtained in the ft of acetylene. The remainder consists ahnost comple of methane.
  • the process of preparing extremely high yields 01 unsaturated organic compound containing at least triple bond and at most two carbon atoms and consis of carbon and at most two atoms of at least one elen selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and ni gen comprising the steps of thermally sociating the molecules of a gas selected from the gr consisting of hydrogen, nitrogen, and mixtures thereof atoms by passage in direct contact with an electric admixing thermally dissociated gas with a carbon-cont ing substance selected from the group consisting of ti divided carbon, aliphatic amines and hydrocarl [within] up to a time of [from] about [0.1 to abr 1.0 second from the time of dissociation and in a 2 removed from said electric arc, the ratio of therrn 75 dissociated gas to selected substance being from al to about 2.0 mols of dissociated gas per gram atom of on in said selected substance, the flow rate of therly dissociated gas from the electric arc to the zone ree

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
US25218D 1955-01-15 Process for carrying out endothermic Expired USRE25218E (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK24607A DE1012899B (de) 1955-01-15 1955-01-15 Verfahren zur Durchfuehrung endothermer Reaktionen unter Verwendung eines elektrischen Lichtbogens

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USRE25218E true USRE25218E (en) 1962-08-07

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US25218D Expired USRE25218E (en) 1955-01-15 Process for carrying out endothermic

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US (1) USRE25218E (cs)
BE (1) BE544440A (cs)
CH (1) CH395030A (cs)
DE (1) DE1012899B (cs)
FR (1) FR1149685A (cs)
GB (1) GB831522A (cs)
NL (1) NL110962C (cs)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3193740A (en) * 1961-09-16 1965-07-06 Nippon Electric Co Semiconductor device
US3309300A (en) * 1963-08-21 1967-03-14 Welsbach Corp Method for the production of ozone using a plasma jet
US3389189A (en) * 1965-04-06 1968-06-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method and equipment for the pyrolysis and synthesis of hydrocarbons and other gasesand arc heater apparatus for use therein
US3419632A (en) * 1964-08-24 1968-12-31 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Thermal cracking method of hydrocarbons
US4358629A (en) 1980-08-18 1982-11-09 Avco Corporation Method of producing acetylene from coal

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2119278B (en) * 1982-04-13 1987-04-15 Michael Paul Neary Improvements in or relating to a chemical method
GB2164581A (en) * 1982-04-13 1986-03-26 Michael Paul Neary Chemical method
RU2158747C1 (ru) * 2000-03-21 2000-11-10 Зао "Тк Сибур Нн" Способ прямого пиролиза метана
AR115968A1 (es) * 2018-08-31 2021-03-17 Dow Global Technologies Llc Sistemas y procesos para perfeccionar la mejora de hidrocarburos
CN115999452B (zh) * 2021-10-22 2024-11-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种苄醇加氢制备异丙苯的反应器和反应系统和方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE228539C (cs) * 1908-02-26
GB105135A (en) * 1916-04-28 1917-04-05 Anton Victor Lipinski Process and Apparatus for Effecting Chemical Reactions by Means of Electric Arcs.
GB294838A (en) * 1927-12-20 1928-08-02 Norsk Staal Elek Sk Gas Redukt Improved process for the production of reducing gases
DE767708C (de) * 1933-07-21 1953-04-09 E J Du Pont De Nemours And Com Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blausaeure

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3193740A (en) * 1961-09-16 1965-07-06 Nippon Electric Co Semiconductor device
US3309300A (en) * 1963-08-21 1967-03-14 Welsbach Corp Method for the production of ozone using a plasma jet
US3419632A (en) * 1964-08-24 1968-12-31 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Thermal cracking method of hydrocarbons
US3389189A (en) * 1965-04-06 1968-06-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method and equipment for the pyrolysis and synthesis of hydrocarbons and other gasesand arc heater apparatus for use therein
US4358629A (en) 1980-08-18 1982-11-09 Avco Corporation Method of producing acetylene from coal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1149685A (fr) 1957-12-30
DE1012899B (de) 1957-08-01
CH395030A (de) 1965-07-15
NL110962C (cs)
BE544440A (cs)
GB831522A (en) 1960-03-30

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