USRE13667E - Fritz pfleumer - Google Patents

Fritz pfleumer Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE13667E
USRE13667E US RE13667 E USRE13667 E US RE13667E
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
froth
pressure
rubber
vulcanized
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Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Fritz Pfleumer
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  • the rubber pieoe is kneaded together with from 2 to 10% of its weight of precipitated sulfur and the piece subjected under the above mentioned gas-pressures to the vulcanizing temperature, 135 to 145 (1., for about two hours, the piece on being relieved of the external gas-pressure does no more allow its contents of gas to escape, and consequently expands to a highly voluminous and regular froth in the cells of which the gas is permanently imprisoned.
  • the action of the gas upon the indie rubber is a directly opposite one to the action men- .tioned in the last cited, two specifications.
  • the raw rubber should contain any solvent, weight vof one quarter of benzene siderably lower gas pressures being applied for making an equally voluminous froth than are required, when every solvent is recluded. More solvent on the other hand, has a destroying effect on the material, and renders the product of vulcanization inferior.
  • the finished froth in the expanded and dry state contains about 9 parts by volume of gas in every one part of rubber, e., about 13 parts by volume of the rubber dough must be chosen for making a froth piece of 100 parts by volume. From this the linear proportions may be derived. If the solvent is left out, inorder to attain the above mentioned proportions of the volume, about 300 atmospheres gaspressure, gaged at the vulcanizing temperature, are required. 1
  • the shaping is carried out by either pressing the dough into molds, or for simple sectional pieces by squeezing the dough from a tubing machine-with a; mouthpiece of the required section into endless bars or rods.
  • the reception of gas may be considerably increased by mixing intofthe mass porous materials in a pulvei'fi'us state, for instance Kieselguhr, ground cork; bone-black, factice, etc.
  • a pulvei'fi'us state for instance Kieselguhr, ground cork; bone-black, factice, etc.
  • the pieces are now vulcanized in an autoclave under high pressure of a gas. Nitrogen, carbon monoxid, eventually air'are vulcanized and contains no
  • the process is carried out as precipitated sulfur; op to the desired effect the suited to the purpose, while hydrogen and carbondioxid, so-called carbonic acid, are precluded from the technical application on account of their diffusing properties as well as oxygen on account of its oxidizing action on rubber.
  • vulcanized material can be transformed into froth an alteration of the described process of making froth .from raw material may be derived in that direction that the raw material be vulcanized first without gas-pressure, and be placed .under gas-pressure afterward. In this case,
  • the material should be kept rather hot in order to'carry out vulcanization and froth raising in one uninterrupted operation.
  • This optional way has the disadvantage .of the material being longer heated than in the process already described.
  • Raw material of high tensile strength is treated in the described manner, no solvent being applied.
  • the vulcanization is finished the articles are left under pressure for several hours so that the may cool out and regainth'eir original tensile strength previously to being expanded into froth.
  • Part of the gas in the autoclave may be let out directly after vulcanization 'with the purpose of starting formation of the froth structure.
  • the gas cooling out after vulc'aniz'ation its pressure further decreases.
  • fibrous substances as, for instance, fibers of raw cotton, raw jute or raw hemp are kneaded. These fibers should be no longer than about an inch (5 mm.) otherwise they would conglobate into lumps. By the quantity of fibers admixed the pressure, at which further expansion ceases, may be fixed.
  • guttapercha and balata are kneaded with from 5 to 10% of precipitated sulfur, optionally with an addition of antimony pentasulfid.
  • this chemical is to be had with an admixture of up to 50% of free sulfur, and 10% of it, containing 5% of the raw materials weight of free sulfur, give a grade of vulcanization best suited to the purpose.
  • soft vulcanized guttapercha and balata may be trans formed into froth in the described manner. With this process one can also manufacture froth of hard rubber, hard guttapercha and I hard balata.
  • a process for manufacturing vulcanized froth from material such as india-rubher, gutta-percha, or balata consisting in hot vulcanizing raw or partly vulcanized material under such a high pressure of agas that the gas penetrates the structure of the material, and on partly or wholly releasing the external gas pressure raises the material into froth.
  • material such as india-rubber, gutta-percha or balata

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