US956211A - Steam-condenser. - Google Patents

Description

C. l. SNOW. STEAM GONDBNSER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 6. 1909.

Patented Apr. 26, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

. J. SNOW.

` STEAM'CNDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 6, 1909.

/7' /7 fp .minimi 7. By @fw WITHESSES Patented Apr. 26, 1910.

2 SHBETSAHBBT 2.1

iuniTi-in CHARLES J'. SNGW, GE' LANSDOWNE, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-CONDENSER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 26, 1910.

Application led August 6, r1909. Serial No. 511,504.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES J. SNOW, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Lansdowne, county of Delaware, State i or' pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Steam-Condenser, of Which the following is a specification,

My invention relates to an improved steam condenser having. special Water cooling features.

rlfhe purpose of my invention is to provide an adjustable supplemental path for the lovv o/f steam in a steam condenser preferably of multiple iioW type having a longitudinal division Wall and to cool the Water in the said condenser.

A further purpose of my invention is to combine With a sinuous line of How a large Width of section of -flow and a short length of iiow through 'the various nests and to present Water-removing surfaces at every point of change of direction of iio'vv of the steam.

A further purpose oi" my invention is to remove the Water from the steam during a sinuous, preferably duplicate, path of iiow and at short intervals therein andato collect this Water free from the line ot steam flow to prevent subsequent -entraimnent thereof.

A further purpose of my invention is to free Water draining from a baille from the action oit the steam passing between drainage points. y

A further purpose of my invention is to make use of a preferably central longitudinal division Wall and corrugated baliies connected therewith, to provide apertures therein at intervals corresponding to the spacing ot' the corrugations or a multiple thereof and preferably in the high parts oi' the corrugations and to provide for the closing ot these openings to any desired degree from the outside.

i further purpose of my invention is tol condensed Water, at the same time that they protect against entraining of Water by steam passing thereover, and to reduce the exposed iilm surface of Water upon the baiilesby concentrating the Water.

A further purpose of my invention is to divide the steam in its passage through thenests of cooling pipes in such a Way as to equalize the rate of condensation of steam throughout the nests by admitting some steam to the lower nests which has not passed through the usual channels in the upper nests, preferably by providing a short cut for the steam.

A further purpose of my invention is to take advantage of the momentum of steam flow through a condenser and of the sinuous path of direction given to the steam to separate the Water particles from the steam and to deposit same upon baiies and surfaces arranged in its'line of flow and to drain the Water so removed and in such manner as to prevent possibility of subsequent entrainment.

A further pur ose of my invention is to use a portion o the condenser for Water cooling or steam condensation at will, and in any proportion which may be desirable, and to Withdraw the' Water 4from the bottom thereof, with return if desired, and to maintain any requiredheight of Water in said portion. 1

A further purpose of my invention is to provide a compartment capable of use for Water collection and cooling and to provide means by which it may have direct air suction to more etliciently make use of it for steam condensation, by preventing uncondensable frases accumulating therein.

A furti er purpose of my invention is to provide Jfor direct drain of separately collected Water in a steam condenser into the va or and air exhaust pipe and to permit this Water to pass into t-he air and vapor exhaust, or,jat will, into the condenser outside the water collector therein, With definite` control oit. the height of Water maintained in the collector, and to Withdraw the coolest lWater Without employing'any special means into the exhaust.

same time preserving as great a width of baille plate as possible, to obtain a desirable angle of steam direction, without departure from normal condenser shapes, and to provide more uniform velocity of 'the steam therethrough.

v.A further purpose of my invention is to provmide for approximately the same cross section of space for steam flow throughout its passa e while distributing the tubesover practical y the entire tube plates.

structure embodying my invention.

It further consists of 'other novel features of construction, all aswill be hereinafter fully set forth.`

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I yhave shown in the accompanying drawings one form thereof which is at present preferredlbyme, since the same has been found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be ,understood that the various instrumentalities vof which my invention consists 4can be' variously arranged and organized and that my invention is not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of these instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

Figure 1 is a vertical central section one 1g. 2 is a. section of Fig. 1 taken u on line thereof. Fig. 3 is a section o -the structure shown in Fig. V1 taken upon line y-g/ thereof. Fig. 11 is a section of the structure shown in Fi 1 taken upon line s--z thereof. Fig. 5 1s a skeleton sectional illustration of the structure of Fig. 1 for the purpose of further explanation thereof. Fig. 6 is a 'diagrammatic representation of a structure embodying a plurality of my longitudinal division walls and a consequent lurality 0f pairs of sinuous lines of steam Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings :-For Vthe puroseof securing a high rate of eiliciency romthe whole of the cooling surface within my condenser, I utilize a high and controllably uniform velocity for the steam' throughout the various tube compartments. Where high velocities are employed, the condensed water particles and drops are carried forward byf the momentumfjlof the steam, and where the lines of steamnfiiow are transversel the direction of movement of the Water particles often approaches the horizontal. To prevent these water. particles from being carried forward across a large number of tubes as would be the case where the length of flow through the tube nestis long, I lnsert one or more vertical and longitudinal water removing and steam directin surfaces within the condenser. The vertical surfaces shorten the flow of the steam in any one horizontal direction to anydesired length and with the horizontal baiiles, present Water removing surfaces at` every point of change of direction.

Where I employ the same pump for withdrawing the' air and water from the condenser I can appreciably increase its vacuum producing effect b coolin down the Water of condensation efore a lowing same to enter air pum I rovide a combined water cooler and) subsidiary steam condenser in base of the condenser which is cheap and simple in construction yet ossesses many valuable roperties and wit out departing from my distmct and separate lines of steam flow. It will be further seen that owing to the effective baffling carried throughout the condenserand the collection of water at the cooler the last compartment will act as an effective gas'densiier or air cooler.

.The form shown of my invention, as applied to a rectangular horizontal condenser 1, may evidently be applied to a condenser of practically any character and form.

. In the form illustrated I provide inlet Steam opening 2 and outlet air Suction pipe 3 with longitudinal partitions or division Walls 4, having functlon both to se )arate the water from the steam and to gui e the steam and water independently, and which extend nearly to the top and Substantially to the bottom of the structure illustrated. I show also longitudinally extending bailies 5, 6, 7 and 8 longitudinally corrugated and apertured at opposite sides with respect to the division plate, bailes 5 and 8 being apertured vat 9 and 10 respectively, whereas the bailles 6 and.7 are apertured at 1l and 12 and guttered at 13, 14. All of these baliles 4are preferably longitudinally corrugated and are sloped toward the center plate and provided with gutters 15 at the ends as best illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4 for the withdrawal of water which accumulates within the corrugations. baiiieslf and 17 also of corrugated form butfpreferably corrugated transversely, and also sloped toward the center plate 4. Within these battles 16 and 17 I provide apertures 18, 19, preferably on the outer sides of the same, so that steam passing within the inlet may flow directly. down to and through these openings, again across to and through the openings 9 and 10 respectively and again across to and through. the openings l1 and l2, resulting in a serpentine movement of I provide also otherl l eraan the steam throughV the compartments between these baffles and each other and between them and the center plate and casing of the condenser. v

fin order to avoid frictional losses due to excessive relative steam velocities through the tubes in any part of my condenser resulting' usually in impaired vacuum, I make provisions for a part of the steam to take a short cut, as it were, down through the com# partments 20 and 21 without'engaging the saine number of orthe same cooling tubes 36, so that this quant-ity of steam shall be added with comparatively slight cooling to the quantity of steam which. would otherwise be delivered from compartments 2O and 21 to compartments 22 and 23.

lil/'bile could take care of steam through compartments 22 and 23 into compartments 24 and 25 in much the same manner I prefer in the present instance to take care of itin the manner indicated by making the compartments 24 and-25 smaller than any of the other compartments and using the additionail space represented by what would otherwise lie wit-hin these compartments for pair of water cooling compartments 26 and 27 which can be made use of for steam condensing purposes` if desired as hereinafter more fullyset forth.

l accomplish the short cuts of the steam through compartments 20 and '2l preferably providing apertures 29 in the ends'of-the corrugations of the baliles, cutting them "LF preferably in the upper or higher parts of corrugations so that steam can' pass irou'gh without interfering` with the drainof water in the lower parts of the corraaions as at 30, and its draining down il 4 and over perforated pla'te 46 for furr distribution thereby. prefer to make openings 29 adjustable so that this feahire can be used with discretion accordinglo the action of thercondenser under the par ticular duty7 required of it, and I close these openings to any desired degree by means of corrugated closures 3l which rest upon the 'corrugated battles and act as valves therefor,

beingoperated by means of threaded rods and nuts 33 'maintained in operative reiat'ion therewith by any suitable means. Evidently other means could be provided for operation of these, and other forms of valve might @be made use of, depending in a measure upon 'the shape and character of baffle and condenser selected. t is also equally evident that the same operating means 'might be made to move both of these valves.

lt will be noted that by operating the corrugated closures 31 I can control the proportion of steam vto nncondensable vgases or air apart, upon approach to and departure from present in compartments 24 and thus enabling the condenser to be worked to the best 5radvvintage under varying condltions;

and may use these compartments almost solely as air cool-ers without departing from my separate and distinctlines of steam llow whereby no surface is left inactive as it is in plirect line of steam flow toward linaloutets.

I have'shown conventional glands 34 to provide for the passage of the operating rods through the casing of the condenser without allowing` leakage therethrough.

l have provided other cooling pipes 35 within the various spaces and compartments as seen in the illustrations and have placed these pipes preferably at a greater distance the openings within the bullies or between them and the casing thus obtaining a con siderable advantage, for, by spacing the tubes in the manner described, I obtain a flow of steam which is approximately atright angles to central division plate at the same time employing, as effectively as possible, 4the available tube space inthe 'condenser and without departing from the conventional construction of the walls of the condenser. It will be further seen that by this arrangement, in conjunction with the controllable steam inlet at center of condenser, tubes 35 can be either withdrawn or inserted even after the condenser is con- 95 structed thus obtaining some latitude for the design of the condenser. y

Another important result obtained by the adjustable supplementary steam port is that the variousnests of tubes may be equally V divided, thus preserving a uniform velocity in the tubes for the circulating' water and yet obtain a uniform velocity for the steam through between the tubes. The tubes in the lower compartments will thus more nearly approximate in eliciency thosein the'upper nests.

I provide for the circulation of the water within these pipes by means of'end compartments, comprising, in the illustration shown, the inlet compartment 38, the receiving' and discharge compartment 39 at the opposite end of the condenser, corresponding- 'receiving and discharge compartments 40 and 41, alternately placed at different ends of the condenser', and outlet compartment 42, so that there shall be a continuous flow of water back and forward within the various pipes. c The partition wall 4 is preferably pro- 120 vided with apex tures 43 to insure the perfect equalization of pressures and temperatures between the two sides of 'my condenser as divided by the said partition wall.

ln the bottom of my condenser I preferably form longitudinal partitions 44 and 45 with a'suitably perforated distributing plate' 46 thereover and with temperatureequalization passages 43 in the central wallthereof. The compartment thus formed-isflled with L30 tubes 36 and can be used almost solely for .the pur ose of condensing steam or, in view of the act that the perforated pla-te 46 distributes the water supplied by gutters 13 and 5 14 over said tubes, giving a partial cooling eect on the water, this compartment may be used solely for the purpose of cooling the condensedsteam water before allowing same to enter the air. pump suction pipe.

lo This feature is of' extreme value `where this type of condenser is used on shipboard for, Awhere the engine or turbine isrunning at less` than normal load, or, where the sea temperature is low, the cooler would not be 15 necessary to assist the air pump in maintaining the desired vacuum by cooling the condensed steam water and thus the air dealt with by the air pump. In this case the cooler should be emptied bythe by-pass cock I and the valve connecting cooler to suction pipe should be opened; thus-no dead weight of water need be carried in cooler unnecessarily and the tubes will then come into action to the same de ree \of efficiency forcondensing steam as o tains throughout the remainder thecondenser, as it will be noted that I provide for-direct discharge to the main suction pipe for the uncondensable gases.

' 30, Very little `movement of water is caused in the cooler b the rolling of the vship as the cooler is place in a position leastaected by this motion, namely, in my preferred form, 'in the horizontal center of the condenser,

.35- and alwaysin a part only of the width of my condenser, whereas in vcoolers extending over the whole of the" bottom of the condenser this objectionable feature is considerabl accentuated. f

40 en the number of horizontal planes of balles used is even, as contrasted with the odd'number shown in Fig. 1, the lines of steam iiow naturally convergev toward the center of the bottom of the condenser with the result that the air cooling chamber naturally belongs there with a water cooling compartment on each side -of it. This re- 'sults from the sinuosity of the travel of the steam and the fact that it is removed from the condenser at a different point in this sinuous line.

Owing to the low Specific gravity of the hot condensed steam water dropping into cooler when the cooler is Hooded the hottest 55 water will alwa s be at the top and the cold- -est water will a ways be at the bottom. As the Water is withdrawn from the bottom no special means are necessary to -insure that t ewater at its lowest temperature in the 50 cooler is passed Ito air ump. Inorder to make use of this preferalily central and lonl gitudinal compartment for both purposes, I

`provide for direct drainage of this compartment through apertures 47 into pipe 48 which empties into the air pump suction pipe 3, but which evidently may be independently umped, at the same time making provision or shutting off this draina e opening by means of valve 49, and ina ing provision also for gradual drainage bymeans of a bypath or byass 50 controlled by cock 51, so that when t is valve and by-pass are closed the water cannot pass into the air pump suction 3 but must back up throu li pipe 52 into valve casing 53 where the vaigve 54, open 75 at the top, determines by the position of this top the height to which thewater can accumulate in the com artments 26 and 27 before the water shal flow through thepipe 52, valve casing 53, valve 54 and inlet 55, gg admitting the cold water into the compartment 24 and outlet 71 and thence to the main air suction pi e 3. l

I arrange or operation of the valve 54 without leakage by any suitable means as 35 by rod 56 which is protected by any suitable gland or packing 57 and which is operated by means of wheel cr lever 58.

In the illustration of Fig. 5 I have shown the limits of the several spaces b dotted lines; thus the lines 5,9 and 60 divi e olf the space filled with uniformly distributed tubes from the space in proximity to the opening in the bailes2 where the tubes are to be separated or divided into vany desired multiples of the same pitch. Again the lines 61 and 62 divide ofi' the `receiving space below the. upper baffles, indicatin where the tubes are to be spaced more freey. Again the dotted lines 63 and 64 divide oil the delivery space 1m, above second baffles, and the lines 65 an l 66 indicate the receiving spaces in proximity to the passages between these batlles, Where the tubes are to be placed at greater distance from each other than throughout the rest of 19;; the space. Lines 67, 68,69 and 70 likewise indicate the limits of the delivery and receiving spaces in proximity to the passages through the lowest bales, where the waterl tubes are to be spaced at greater distance than in the rest of the compartments within which these lines lie.

In Fig. 6 I have illustrated diagrammatically an outer casing of the same general type as that illustrated in Fig. 1 but '115 with a plurality of lon itudinal division walls 4, 4, providing or a plurality, in this case two pairs of transverse sinuous lines, of steam flow and with a corresponding nurnber of outlets at 3f corresponding to the 120 number of pairs of lines. Iliave considered further illustration of other con'ibinations to produce a greater number of pairs of lines of iiow to be unnecessary as this further construction will be perfectly obvious to those skilled in the art.

It will be evident that the water drops down the central wall 4 from the ballles 16 and 17 in a number of distinct streams corresponding to the number of 4the depres 13o,

ema

' to the ducts immediately underneath and fwhich also form supports for the battles 6 and 7; this water is then collected by gutters 13 and 14 and thus distributed over perforated plate 46. The water can he completely drawn from this compartment and fed into the air suction pipe as fast as formed, if desired, simply by opening the valve 49. ln this case the tubes within the two compartments formed in the center at the bottom of the condenser would act as air and steam cooling and condensing tubes and air and vapor would also be drawn od through the pipe 48. When it is desired to start this condition of affairs with the compartments 26 and 27 filled with water the by-pass should be opened and the water allowed to flow out gradually so as niet to lood the vacuum pump and the valve is opened after the withdrawal of this water by these means.

.When it is desired to use the compartments 26 and 27 as water cooling compartments the valve 49 is closed and the .Water is allowed to bank up through-pipe 52 into the valve 53, finding its way through passage 55 into the lower side compartments whence it is drawn through apertures, 7l, into bowl 73 and thence, along ,with the air and vapor, out through pipe 3. The height of water maintained in this central compartment will evidently be that of the top ci' the valve 54. Evidently the'variation of the height of water in this central compartment will result in a variation inthe number of pipes used for water cooling and in a consequent reverse variation in the number oi' pipes used for steam condensation.

It will be evident that a range of temperatures can be obtained for the condensed steam water from the limitof that of the vacuum temperature to within a few degrecs of that of the injection water at inlet to condenser.'

. A portion of the benefit of my invention, and particularly of that part thereof relating to thewater cooling compartment in the lower part of the condenser, can be attained even where the use intended requires a condenser oi' such special form as to be most desirably made without baliies.

Having thus described my invention, what claim as new and desire to secure -by `Letters Patent, is

l. In a device of the character stated, outer walls, a longitudinal-division wall extending throughout a considerable part of the height of the condenser, corrugated baille plates supported upon the outer walls and division wall and cooling gipes between the battles.

2. ln a device et the character stated, an outer casing, a longitudinal division wall, corrugated loaiiles between the casing and division wall, supports for said'baftles forminga duct at each end of said casing, and common to all said corrugations'and cooling pipes between the battles.

ln a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a water cooling compartment in the bottom of the` casing, cooling pipes therein, an air cooling compartment also in the bottom of the casing, controlled means for withdrawing the cooled water from the bottom of said water cool-ing compartment, and directing it into the air cooling cmpartment.

4. ln a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a lurality of baliie Walls forming a longitu inal compartment in the bottom of the condenser, connections for withdrawing water from said compartment, a valve in said connections, and an auxiliary connection outside of said compartment for directing the coldest water from said comparini-ent back into the condenser when the valve is closed.

5. ln a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a plurality of converging baffles therein directing water toward the center thereof, a plurality ci longitudinal walls Y forming a central longitudinal compartment therein provided with an .opening at the bottom, means for withdrawing water, a connection outside of said compartment for directing water from said compartment back into the condenser and means for adjusting the height at which water in ,f nid compartment will be maintained and beyond' which the'coldestwater will low into the condenser.

6. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a longitudinal partition wall therein, a plurality/ of baffles on each side of the partition wall having openings directing the steam into sinuous Amovement therein, and means for controllably allowing steam to pass through one 'of the baiiles'at a second point to vary the movement of part of the steam from said sinuous direction.

7. ln a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a longitudinal division wall, a plurality of haiiles on each side of said division wall, the baliles first .engaged by the steam being corrugated to form transverse ribs and gutters, means for supporting thebailles and cooling pipes between the batlies.

8. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, longitudinal division wall, and a plurality ci corrugated baffles upon each side thereof, baiiles upon the same side of the division wall differing in direction of corrugation. i

9. In a device of the character stated, an

les

outer casin having top inlet Aand bottom air suction out et openings, a longitudinal di- *A vision wall therein, top corrugated bailles sloped towardthe division wall, apertured in proximity to the outer .casing and 'in' i outer casing having top inlet and bottom air suction outlet openings, a longitudinal divi.-

'. thep outer casing, walls formin sion wall therein, top corru ated bafiles sloped toward the division wal, apertured in proximity to pthe outer casin and at the top 'of the corrugations in proximity to the central division Wall, a plate matching the corrugations of the baiiie, means for moving ate over the apertures in proximity to the central division wall, and a second baiile on each side sloped toward the division, wall and apertured in proximity to said division wall.

11. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing having`top inlet and bottom air suction outlet openingsa longitudinal division wall therein, top corru ated battles, sloped toward the division Wa l, apertured in proximity to the central division wall, a

corrugated plate fitting the corrugations ot the baffle, a rod in operative connection therewith, a gland sealing the passage of the rod throu h the outer casing, and a baiiie on each side s oped toward the division Wall` and apertured in proximity to it. .if

12. In a device of the character stated, an a compartment near the bottom thereof, aiiies s'loped toward the center and draining Water into said compartment, an air ,suction discharge ipe connecting with the condenser outside o the compartment, a pi e connecting with lthe compartment and ceding into the air suc' tion discharge, a valve in said pipe and means between said valve and said compartment, for receiving the water from said pipe and discharging it into the condenser outside of the compartment.

13. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing', walls forming a compartment near the bottom thereof, baiiies sloped toward the center and draining water into said compartment, an air suction discharge' pipe connecting with the condenser outsideof the compartment, a pipe connecting with .the compartmft and feeding into the air suction discharge, a valve in'said pipe betweensaid discharge and said compartment, and a valve controlling the height at which the coldest water in the compartment will How into the condenser.

14. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, Walls forming a compartment which overflow from said compartment shall take place into the condenser when the first 1'alve is closed.

15. In a device of the charaeterstated, an outer casing, Walls therein forming a coinpartineiit in the lower part of the condeiisei', converging baflies in said condenser draining into said compartment, air suction exhaust connection from the condenser, water draining connection from the compartment into said suction, a valve in said connection, and a by-pass to said valve providing controlled drainage for said compartment.

1G. In a device of the character stated, an outer easing, an interior longitudinal wall therein forming with the outer casing a compartment in the lower part of said casing, said compartment communicating at its top with the condensing chamber and having water cooling pipes therein, a plurality of batlies in said casing draining` toward said compartment, and a gas densifyiug compartment by the side .of said iii-st named compartment.l

17. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, longitudinally extending corrugated baflles upon each side of the middle thereof converging toward the center and apertured to rovide a sinuous line of iuid low, in com ination with a compartment receiving the 'water from said baiiies, and means for directin the water from said compartment into't e main air suction pipe or condenser, at wi l.

18. In a device of the character stated, au outer casin longitudinally extending corrugated bai les upon each side of the middle thereof converging toward the center and apertured .to provide a sinuous line of fluid flow, in combination with a compartment receiving the water from Asaid baiies, means for directing the water from said compartment into the main air suction pipe or condenser at will, and means for maintaining the height of water within said coiiipaitnient at any desired point by providing a static head of Water outside of said4 coinpartment, to balance the water inside of said compartments.

therein, discharging at the bottom thereof,

eeaaii means for draining water into said comparu ment, cooling tubes in said condenser, and in said compartment, air suction exhaust at the bottom of thecondenser, a connection tor draining the Water from the compartment into said air suction discharge, and a valve in said connection.

2d In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a compartment therein near the bottom extending the length of the condenser and a part of the width of the condenser and discharging at its bottom, means for concentrating the drainage of the water into said compartiment, cooling devices in said condenser, and in said compartment, air suction exhaust for the condenser, a connection from said compartment into said air suction discharge a valve in said connection and a by-path around s'aid valve.

:21. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a compartment near the bottom of said casing, cooling devices in said casing and in said compartment, means for controlling the height of Water in said compartment by Withdrawal from the bottom to use all or any part of said devices for water cooling or steam condensation. at will and additional means for withdrawing air and water from the bottom of said compartment when the first stated means is not opl erated. Y

22,'In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a compartment therein approximately at the bottom' thereof, cooling devices in said compartment means for directing water of condensation into 'said compertinent, means for controlling the height of said water in said compartment and means for withdrawing the coolest water from said compartment independently of the height of water therein.

23. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a compartment therein approximately at the bottom thereof, cooling devices in said casing and in said compartment, means for directing Water of condensation into said compartment, means for withdrawing the coolest water from said compartment independently of the height of water therein and means for maintaining the Water at any desired height in said compartinent,'making use of the submerged portion thereof for Water cooling and any por-l tion thereof not submerged for steam con densation. I

24. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, apertured battles therein providing a sinuous line of steam flow, a plurality of uniformly spaced cooling devices within the path of flow of the steam, and a plurality of coling devices in proximity to the apertures of the baffles and snaced at a greater distance than the first named atei cooling devices.

25. In a device of the character stated, a

'the water and gas cooling compartments having different outlets.

27. ln a device of the character stated, a

|plurality of battles apertured to provide a transverse sinuous line of steam flow, means for admitting the steam thereto, and means for admitting a portion of the steam to join the sinuous path of steam liow at an intermediate point.

Q8. In a device of the character stated, a

plurality of aperturcd bal'lles providing a transverse sinuous path of steam flow, means for admitting steam to the beginning of said path, means for admitting steam at an in termediate point in said path and cooling' pipes placed within the sinuous line of steam flow. A

29. In a device of the character stated, side limiting surfaces, a plurality of bafl'les Vtherebetween reversely apertured to provide a sinuous transverse path ot' steam flow,

'cooling pipes between the battles and spaced from the limiting surfaces, means for admitting steam at the beginning ot', the sinuous line of flow, and means for passing steam through one or more of the ballles and the free space adjacent a side surface admitting it at an intermediate verse sinuous'flow.

30. In a device of the character stated, limiting surfaces, a plurality of baliles providing a sinuous transverse line of steam flow, and controllable means for admitting a Jort/ion of the steam through one of the hat es outside of the sinuous line o'tlow.

31. In a device of the character stated, limiting surfaces, a plurality of battles therein apertured to provide a sinuous transverse lineoli steam How, cooling pipes between the baliies and spaced. from the surfaces to allow an open space therebetween, and means for controllably admitting steam to the open space through a baille without passing through the apertures which provide the transverse sinuous line of flow. 32. In a device of the character stated, a plurality of reversely apertured batlies proiding a sinuous line of steam flow, cooling pipes in nests between the baliles, means for admitting steam to and causing it to pass across the pipes of successive nests, and means tor causing a portion of the steam to reach one of the later nests in the progress of thc steam without passing, across the pipes of neat earlier nest.

point in the tra'ns- 33. In a device of the 'character stated, an

outer casing and a plurality of baffles therein with means for providing two paths of steam flow one of which is transverse and sinuous and both of which are combined in the sinuous path of flow. v

34. In a'condenser, limiting surfaces, a battle between, apertured in proximity to opposite edges thereof, the apertures being -of diierent sizes, and means for varying the from the bottom to vary the number of tubes submerged and reversely to vary the 'number of tubes allowable for steam condensation.

36. In a condenser, an outer casing, a plurality of bailes at different heights therein, air cooling compartments upon opposite sides of the condenser, a water cooling4 compartment between the air cooling compartments, and means for withdrawing the water of 'condensation from the water cooling compartment. Y

37. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, apertured baflles therein providing a sinuous line of steam flow, a pluralityof uniformly spaced cooling de 'vices within the pathof flow of the steam, a plurality of cooling devices in roximity to the apertures of the baiies andp spaced ata greater distance than the first named coolin devices in combination with a controllable steam port varying movement of steam through a baille to depart from the sinuous path. y

38. Ina deviceof the character stated, an

outer. casing, baffles havingalternate openings directing the steam into sinuous movement therein, and a plurality of valved openings .for allowing the steam to ass through one of the .balles at a secon locality in a number of distinct streams to vary the movement of part of the steam from said sinuous direction.

39. In a device of thev character stated, outer walls, a water compartment therein, and means including1 a connection between the bottom of the compartment and the remainder of the condenser located partly out side of the compartment walls for balancing and regulating the height o' the water in the compartment by avcontrolled static head.

40. Iny a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a water cooling compartment in the bottom thereof, balles draining into said con'ipartment, a connection between the bottoni of the compartment and the rest of the condenser outside of the condenser, for directing "cooled water back into the condenser'and means for withdrawing air and water from the bottom of said compartment and from the remainder of the condenser through the bottom thereof.

4l. In a device of the character stated, an outer casing, a water cooling compartment in the bottom thereof, baflies draining into said compartment, a connection between the `bottom of the compartment and the' rest of the condenser outsideof the condenser for directing the cooled water back into the condenser when using the water cooling compartment for that purpose, and additional`- means for withdrawing air and uncooled water from said compartment when it is not used for water cooling.

CHARLES J. sNow. Witnesses W. T. JACKSON, C. D. MGVAY.

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