US1855390A

US1855390A - Surface condenser

Info

Publication number: US1855390A
Application number: US448117A
Authority: US
Inventors: Raymond N Ehrhart
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1930-04-28
Filing date: 1930-04-28
Publication date: 1932-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 1949-04-26

Description

April 26, 1932.

2 Sheets-Sheet l lNililgOR -R. N. EHRHART SURFACE CONDENSER April 26,1932.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filled April 28. 1950 INVENTOR W27 W d) ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 26, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE RAYMOND N. EH-RHART, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA summon CONDENSER I Application filed April 28, 1930. Serial No. 448,117.

This invention relates to surface condens- Fig. is a transverse sectional View showers, and more particularly relates to surface ing a further form of the invention. condensers of the type generally known as Like characters of reference refer to like single pass condensers or other such condensparts throughout the several views. ers having a plurality of compartments of The objects of the invention are attained, 65 different heat-absorbing capacities. in general, by localizing the vapor withdraw- Heret-ofore in surface condensers of the al and providing one or more apertures in compartment type, in order to cause the comthe several partitions which separate the partments to absorb all the heat that they are compartments of the condenser, so proporindividually capable of absorbing, or to effect tioned and so located that some of the vapors a heat exchange in proportion to the heat in one compartment, Which I might term exhead of each compartment as measured be-- cess steam with respect to such compartment, tween the temperature of the vapor entering are caused to flow into an adjoining compartthe compartment and the temperature of the ment, preferably from a hotter to a colder 1 cooling medium in the condenser tubes th'erecompartment, and there to come in contact in, it has generally been necessary to employ with sufficient cooling surface to condense special means, such as a plurality of air-resuch excess. The apertures are preferably moving means, one for each compartment, a proportioned to pass therethrough a sufliplurality of air off-take connections with excient volume of vapors and non-condensible 20 ternal air coolers. regulating throttle valves gases and yet maintain the desired terminal in the plurality of air off-take connections, or pressure in the compartment from which the baffling means within the condenser to effect vapors and gases flow.

a circuitous path of flow of the vapors over Referring to the drawings, 10 represents the cooling tubes. All of these special means the shell of a three-compartment, singleordinarily complicate the condenser structure pass condenser embodying the present invenand increase the cost of manufacture, instaltion. The shell has a plurality of longitudi v lation and operation of the condensers with nally extending cooling tubes 11 therein supwhich they are used. ported at their ends and expanded into tube I The pr ncipal object of the present inven-'

sheets

12 and 13 and supported intermediate 30 tion is to provide a surface condenser of the their ends by supporting plates or partitions compartment type, in which each compart- '14 and 15 which divide the condenser into ment is caused to absorb all the heat it is compartments 16, 17 and 18 respectively. capable of absorbing without the use of spe- Cooling fluid is adapted to enter the concial means such as baffles and the like. denser through an inlet water box 19 and 35 Other objects and features will be apparent after passing through the tubes 11 leaves the f th f ll i d i ti t k i condenser through an outlet water box 20. nection with the accompanying drawings V p enter the condenser thrPugh 3 l f f a part f this ifi ti i which; inlet 21 and the condensate which collects 1 n 40 Fig. 1 is amore or less diagrammatic view, each of thevcompal'tments 17 d 18 1s v n section, of a single pass Compartment type preferably conducted therefrom through v conduits 22 23 and 24 to a'trap 25 which is g f condenser m the present n connected ti) a suitable tail pump, not shown.

Fig 2 iq q sectlona'l View the d As shown, a conduit 26 connects the bottom n of compartment 18 with an external cooler 45 h of 27 which in turn is connected to a suitable Fig. 1s a more or less d agrammatic view gas exhausting means or i pump not 1n longitudinal section of another form of Shown. If d i d however, th t l condenser embodying the present invention, cooler 27 may bedispensed with a d th Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view showp'artment 18 may'be directly connected with a ing another form of the invention, and gas-exhausting means, in which event a sufiiv cient number of cooling tubes should be placed in the path of the vapors and gases entering compartment 18 to condense all the vapors before they leave the compartment.

A cylindrical cover plate or baflle- 26 is placed on the inlet end of conduit 26 in spaced relation thereto.

As shown, the partition 14 is provided with a plurality of relatively small apertures 28 and partition 15 is provided with a plurality of similar apertures 29. The apertures 28 in partition 14 are located adjacent to or in the region adjoining'the lowermost of the cooling'tubes 11 and are preferably provided by omitting the desired number of the lowermost cooling tubes and utilizing the tube holes provided in the partition 14 for the omitted tubes. The corresponding apertures or tube holes in partition 15 may be conveniently plugged by means of dummy tubes 30 as shown, preferably having one or both ends plugged, or by any other suitable means. The apertures 29 in partition 15 are preferably located, as shown adjacent to or in the region adjoining cooling tubes positioned higher in the condenser shellthan the lowermost tubes, so that a number of cooling tubes 11 will pass through the zone in compartment 17 which lies intermediate the levels determined by the

apertures

28 and 29. I have indicated this zone as 11a. The apertures 29 are preferably provided by omitting the desired number of tubes 11 and the correspond ing aertures or tube holes in the partition 14 are p ugged by dummy tubes 31 as previously described. It will be understood, however, that in lieu of utilizing the

apertures

28 and 29 ordinarily provided in the

partitions

14 and 15 for the cooling tubes, other apertures may be provided in the partition in the de sired location therein.

As will be readily understood, with the cooling medium entering the right-hand end of the condenser as shown in Fig. 1 and leaving the condenser-at the left-hand end, compartment 18 will be the coldest compartment, or the compartment with the greatest heatabsorbing capacity, compartment 16 will be the hottest, or have the lowest heat-absorbing capacity, and compartment 17 will have a heat-absorbing capacity intermediate that of compartments 16 and 18.

In the operation of the condenser, the vapors to becondensed enter each of the compartments 16, 17 and 18 through vaporinlet 21 and flow over the cooling tubes 11 therein. Because of the difference in the heat-absorbing capacities ofthe several compartments. a greater volume of vapors will ordinarily be condensed in compartment 18 than in compartment 17, and a greater volume will ordinarily becondensed in compartment 17 than v in compartment 16. Therefore there will be a different pressure drop ineach of the compartments.

The pressure at the bottoms of the several compartments will be different, with the pressure at the bottom of compartment 16 greater than that at the bottom of compartment 17, and the pressure at the bottom of compartment 17 will be greater than the pressure at the bottom of compartment 18. Consequently, some of the vapors together with non-condensible gases will flow from compartment 16 to compartment 17 through apertures 28 in partition 14. Because of the presence and location of the apertures 29 in partition 15, the vapors and gases entering compartment 17 through the apertures 28 will flow over the cooling tubes 11 passing through compartment 17 in the zone between the

aper tures

28 and 29, that is, the tube section 110, and the greater portion of such vapors will be condensed in compartment 17.

In like manner some of the vapors and gases in compartment 17 will flow through apertures 29 in partition 15 into compartment 18 and will flow over the cooling tubes passing through compartment 18 below the apertures 29, that is, the tube section 11b, in the direction toward the conduit 26 and the vapors will thereby be condensed.

With this arrangement, each of the compartments of the condenser is kept steam rich throughout substantially theentire extent of the compartment and without materially diminishing the pressure necessary at the terminus of each compartment to prevent overcharging of the compartments with vapors and consequent loss of efficiency. In this manner, each of the condenser compartments is caused to absorb all the heat it is individually capable of absorbing and without the use of devices and apparatus that complicate the condenser structure and increase the cost of production and maintenance thereof.

-With a three-compartment condenser having a total cooling surface area of approximately 80,000 square feet, the aggregate area of the apertures in each of the partitions dividing the compartments should preferably be approximately 35 square inches and the total area of the cooling surface placed in the path of the vapors flowing through the apertures in the partitions, or the total cooling area below the uppermost group of apertures, should prefcrably be approximately ten per cent of the total cooling surface area of the entire condenser.

With a three-compartment condenser having a total cooling surface area of approximately 60,000 square feet, the aperture area should preferably be approximately 28 square inches, one having 50,000 square feet, approximately 20 square inches, and 30,000 square feet, approximately 16 square inches.

With a four-compartment condenser having a total cooling surface area of approxi mately 80,000 square feet, the total aperture area in each partition should preferably be approximately 40 square inches, and with a five-compartment condenser having approximately 80,000 square feet total cooling surface, the total aperture area in each partition should preferably be approximately 44 square inches.

While the invention has been shown and described as embodied in a three-compartment surface condenser of the single-pass type, it will be understood that it is equally well applicable to condensers having a larger or a smaller number of compartments as well as to condensers of the multi-pass type. In a condenser with an odd number of compartments, the apertures in the partition separating the hottest and the adjoining compartments are preferably located adjacent the lowermost cooling tubes with the apertures in the succeeding partitions progressing toward the coldest compartment of the condenser, alternately above the lowermost tubes and adjacent thereto. In a condenser having an even number of compartments, the apertures in the partition separating the hottest and adjacent compartments are preferably placed above the lowermost tubes with .the apertures 1H succeeding partitions progressing toward the coldest compartment, alternately adjacent to and above'the lowermost tubes as shown in Fig. 3 to provide a circuitouspath of flow of the vapors over the cooling tubes from the hottest compartment to the gas outlet in the coldest compartment. Fig. 3 shows a four compartment single-pass type of condenser which is in general similar to the condenser shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The condenser has three spaced transversely disposed

partitions

40, 41 and 42 which divide the condenser into four compartments indicated respectively 43, 44, 45 and 46, the compartment 43 being the hottest compartment 7 and the compartment 46 being the coldest compartment. As shown, the desired number of cooling tubes 11 are omitted at the desired point above the lowermost row thereof to provide the required number of apertures 47 in partition 40 and the apertures 48 in partition 42. The corresponding tube holes in partition41 are closed by suitable plugs 49. Apertures 50 in partition 41 are provided by omittingthe desired number of tubes from the lowermost row thereof. The corresponding tube holes in each of

partitions

40 and 42 are closed by dummy tubes 51 and 52 which are. preferably plugged at each end or by any other suitable means. With this arrangement it is apparent that the vapors flowing from one compartment to another will flow in a circuitous path over cooling tubes in each compartment.

Although the apertures in the several partitions areshown and described as lying substantially in horizontal and parallel planes it will be understood that they may, with ap-.

proximately equal effect, be arranged to lie in vertical planes and/or planes inclined to the vertical so that the path of flow of the Vapors passing through the apertures will be from one side of the condenserv to the other as shown in Fig. 5 or from both sides of the condenser to.the center thereof where two groups of apertures are placed in one partition, one group adjacent each side of the condenser and a single group is located near the center. of the adjacent partition as shown in Fig. 4. Expressed with reference to the longitudinal direction in which the tubes extend between the tube sheets in the condenser, the apertures in the several partitions should be out of alignment with respect to the said longitudinal direction.

Figure 4 is a partial transverse sectional view similar to Fig. 2 with the exception that the section is taken through the gas ofl'take conduit 26 and the partition 15 is broken away atits central portion to show the arrangement and location of the apertures in partition 14. As shown, the apertures 60 in partition 14 are centrally disposed of the partition and are arranged approximately vertically in the lower portion thereof. Partition 15 is provided in its lower portion, with a row of apertures 61 arranged adjacent the left side of the partition and also a row of apertures 62 arranged adjacent the right side of the partition.

Apertures

61 and 62 may be arranged in vertical rows, if desired. Vith this arrangement it will'be clear that the vapors flow from the hot compartment 16 through the apertures 60 into compartment 17 and over the cooling tubes therein which are disposed between the zones of apertures 60 and

apertures

61 and 62 and thence through the

apertures

61 and 62 into compartment 18 and into the gas outlet 26 after having passed over the cooling tubes in compartment 18 which are disposed between the

apertures

61 and 62 and the gas ofi'take.

Fig. 5 is a transverse View similar to Fig. 4 except that the partition 15 is broken away at its righthand side and except for the disposition of the apertures in the partitions. In Fig. 5, the apertures 70in partition 14 are disposed at the lower right hand side of the partition and the apertures 71 are disposed at the lower left hand side of partition 15. This arrangement will provide a flowof vapor and gases through the condenser from one side to the other as indicated by the arrows.

It will be obvious that many changes may be made in the form of the invention disclosed herein, and it is intended that the invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims, taken in connection with the state of the prior art. i

What I claim is:

1. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, and

tav

partitions in said shell transverse to said tubes forming a plurality of condensing compartments of difl'erent heat-absorbing capacities, the partition separating the compartment having the lowest heat-absorbing capacity and an adjoining compartment having an aperture adjacent the lowermost cooling tubes in said compartments, and the partition separating said adjoining compartment from. the next adjoining compartment having an aperture positioned higher than the aperture in said first mentioned partition.

2. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, and

partitions in said shell transverse to said tubes forming a plurality of condensing compartments of different heat-absorbing capacities, the partition separating the compartment having the lowest heat-absorbing capacity and an adjoining compartment having an aperture adjacent the lowermost cooling tubes in said compartments through which vapors and gases are adapted to flow from said first mentioned to said adjoining compartment, and means causing said vapors and gases to flow over cooling tubes in said adjoining compartments.

' 3. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, and

partitionsin said shell transverse to'saidtubes forming a plurality of condensing compartments of different heat-absorbing capacities, the partition separating the compartment having the lowest heat-absorbingcapacity and an adjacent compartment havinghn aperture adjacent the lowermost cooling tubes in said compartments,- through which vapors and gases are adapted to. flow from the first mentioned to' said adjoining compartment, and means causing said vapors and gases to flow over cooling tubes in'said adjoining compartment, said means comprising an aperture in the partition separating said adjoining compartment from the next adjoiningcompartment; Q

4. A condenser comprising a shell,'tube sheets, inletand outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, and

partitions in said-shell transverse to said tubes forming aplurality ofcondensing compartments of difierent heat-absorbing capacities, the partition separating the compartment having the -lowest heat-absorbing capacity andjajn adjoining compartment having an apertureldj'acent the lowermost cooling tubes in said compartments, through which vapors and gases are adapted to flow from said first mentioned to said adjoining compartment,

and means causing said vapors and ases to flow over .coolin tubes in said a joining compartment, s'ai means comprising an aperture in the partition separating said adjoining compartment from the next adjoinin compartment and positioned higher in sai .partition than the aperture in the first mentioned partition.

5. A condenser comprising a shell, tube are adapted to flow from the first mentioned to the adjoining compartment, the partition separating said adjoining and the next adjoining compartments having an aperture therein in the region adjacent cooling tubes located higher in said compartments than the lowermost cooling tubes and through which vapors and gases\are adapted to flow from said adjoining to the said nextadjoining compartment.

6.- A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes tubes within said shell extending between sald tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, and partitions in said shell transverse to said tubes forming three compartments of dlflerent heat-absorbing capacities separated by partitions, the partition between the compartment of lowest heat-absorbing capacity and an adjoining compartment having a plurality of apertures therein in the region adjacent the lowermost cooling tubes in said compartments, through which vapors and gases are adapted to flow from the first mentioned to the adjoining compartment, the partition separating said adjoining and the next adtition in the shell transverse to said tubes dividing the shell into compartments, said partition having a plurality of apertures'therein, a plurahty of cooling tubes in the shell each of which is adapted to be received in one of the apertures in the partition, at least one of the lowermost tubes in the shell being compartment omitted a to thereby provide an aperture through which vapors and gases are adapted to flow from one compartment to another.

8. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes of apertures therein, a plurality of cooling tubes in the shell, each ofwhich is adapted to be received in one of the apertures of said partitions, at least one of the lowermost cooling tubes passing through the partition separating the compartment having the lowest heat-absorbin capacity and an adjoining eing omitted to thereby provide an aperture through which vapors and gases flow from the first mentioned to the adjoining compartment, and at least one of the tubes passing through the partition separating said adjoining compartment and the next adjoining compartment and located higher thanthe lowermost tubes passing through said partition being omitted to provide an aperture through which vapors and gases flow from said adjoining -to the next adjoining compartment.

9. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within'said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, par titions therein transverse to said tubes separating the condenser into hot, intermediate and cold compartments, the partition between the hot and intermediate compartments having an aperture therein in the region adjoining the lowermost tubes passing therethrough, through which aperture vapors and gases are adapted to flow from the hot to the intermediate compartment, the partition between the intermediate and cold compartments having an aperture therein in the region adj oining the tubes higher than the lowermost tubes passing therethrough whereby the vapors and gases entering the intermediate compartment through said first mentioned aperture are caused to fiow over the cooling tubes in said intermediate compartment in the zone between the said apertures.

I0. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet. water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the Water boxes, partitions therein transverse to said tubes separating the condenser into hot, intermediate and cold compartments, the partition between the hot and intermediate compartments having an aperture therein in the region adjoining the lowermost tubes passing therethrough through which aperture vapors and gases are adapted to flow from the hot to the intermediate compartment, the partition between the ment through the second mentioned aperture to flow over cooling tubes in the zone intermediate said aperture and said outlet.

11. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes Within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting said water boxes, a plurality of partitions therein transverse to said tubes separating the condenser into a plurality of compartments having difierent heatabsorbing capacities, each of said partitions having an aperture therein throu h which vapors and gases are adapted to ow from one compartment to another, the apertures in alternate partitions being locate'd'in the region adjoining the lowermost cooling tubes of the condenser and the apertures in the other partitions being located in the region adjoining cooling tubes higher than the lowermost cooling tubes of the condenser.

12. .A condenser comprising a shell,.tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water'boxes, a plurality of partitions therein transverse to said tubes separating the condenser into a plurality of compartments having diflierent heat-absorbing capacities, each of said partitions having an aperture therein through which vapors and gases are adapted to flow from one compartment to another, the apertures in alternate partitions being located in the region adjoining the lowermost cooling tubes of the condenser and the apertures in the other partitions being located in the region adjoining cooling tubes higher, than the lowermost cooling tubes of the condenser, and a gas outlet at the bottom of the last compartment into which vapors and gases flow from an adjoining compartment through a partition.

13. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube in the other partition being located adjacent cooling tubes higher in the condenser than the lowermost cooling tubes.

14. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes and artitions in said shell transverse to said tubes orming three compartments of different,

heat-absorbing capacities, the partition between the compartment having the lowest heat-absorbing capacity and intermediate heat-absorbing capacity having a plurality of apertures therein located in the region adjoining the lowermost cooling tubes in the tures therein located in the region adjoining cooling tubes higher in the condenser than the lowermost cooling tubes and through which gases and vapors are adapted to flow from the compartment having an intermediate to the compartment havmg the greatest heat-absorbing capacity and whereby the gases and vapors entering the said intermediate compartment through the first mentioned apertures are caused to flow over cooling tubes in the zone between the first and second mentioned apertures, and an outlet at the bottom of the compartment having the greatest heat-absorbing capacity to cause the vapors and gases entering said last mentioned compartment to flow over the cooling tubes in the zone between said outlet and the apertures in the second mentioned partition.

15. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes-and partitions in said shell transverse to said tubes forming a plurality of compartments having different heat-absorbing capacities, each of said partitions having an aperture therein through which vaporsand gases are adapted to flow from one compartment to another, the aperture in each partition being so located with respect to the apertures in the other partitions as to cause the vapors and gases flowing from one compartment to another to flow in a substantially circuitous path through the condenser over the cooling tubes therein, the aperture in one of said partitions being located adjacent the lowermost cooling tubes in the condenser. v

16. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes and partitions in said shell transverse to said tubes forming a plurality. of compartments having difierent heat-absorbing capacities, eachof said partitions having a group of apertures through which vapors and gases are adapted to flow from one compartment to another, the group of apertures in each partition being so located with respect to the group of apertures in the other partitions as to cause the said partitions having a group of aperturestherein through which vapors and gases are adapted to flow from one compartment to another, the group of apertures in each partition being so located with respect to the group of apertures in the other partitions as to cause the vapors and gases flowing from one compartment to another to flow in a substantially circuitous path through the condenser over the cooling tubes therein, the group of apertures in the partition separating the compartment having the lowest heat-absorbing capacity and the compartment adjacent thereto being located in the region adjoining the lowermost cooling tubes in the condenser.

18. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, a partition in the shell transverse to said tubes dividing the shell into compartments, said partition having a plurality of apertures therein, a plurality of cooling tubes in the shell each of which is adapted to be received in one of the apertures in the partition, a plurality ofthe lowermost tubes in the shell beomitted to thereby provide a plurality of apertures through which vapors and gases are adapted to flow from one compartment to the other.

19. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet Water boxes, tubes within said shell extending between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, a plurality of partitions in the shell transverse to said tubes dividing the shell into compartments'having difierent heat-absorbing capacities, each partition having a plurality of apertures therein, a plurality of cooling tubes in the shell, each of which is adapted to be received in one'of the apertures of said partitions, a plurality of the lowermost' cooling tubes passing through the partition separat ing the compartment having the lowest heatabsorbing capacity and an adjoining compartment being omitted to thereby provide a plurality of apertures through which vapors and gases flow from the first mentioned to the adjoining compartment, and a plurality of the 5 tubes passing through the partition separating said adjoining compartment and the next adjoining compartment and located higher than the lowermost tubes passing through said partition being omitted to provide a plurality of apertures through which vapors and gases flow from said adjoining to the next adjoining compartment.

20. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending in a longitudinal direction between said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, and partitions in said shell transverse to said tubes forming a plurality of compartments having difi'erent tions having an aperture therein through which vapors 'and gases are adapted to flow from one compartment to another, the'apertures in the several partitions being out of alignment with respect to said longitudinal direction.

21. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within said shell extending in a longitudinal direction between-said tube sheets and connecting the water boxes, and partitions in said shell transverse to said tubes forming a plurality of compartments having different heat absorbing capacities, each of said partitions havin a plurality of apertures therein through whichvaporsand gases are adapted to flow from one compartment to another, the apertures in the several partitions being out of alignment with respect to said longitudinal direction.

22. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within the shell extending between the tube sheets and connecting the water boxes and artitions in the shell transverse to the tubes orming a plurality of compartments having different heat absorbing capacities, at least one of the com artments having its flow terminus at the ottom of the tube nest, an opening at said terminus for discharging gas and vapor to a colder compartment, meansassociated with said colder compartment for causing vapor and gases to rise between the lowermost tubesof said colder compartment and means causing vapor and gas from all of the compartments .to flow downwardly between the tubes of the coldest compartment toward a gas ofitake connected to the coldest compartment. f I

23. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inletand outlet water boxes, tubes within the shell extending between the tube sheets and connecting the water boxes and artitions in the shell transverse to the tubes orming a plurality of compartments havheat absorbing capacities, each of said parti ing difierent heat absorbing capacities, means providing communication between the lower portions of ad'acent compartments to permit the passage 0 vapors and gases from a hotter'to a colder compartment and means causing vapors and gases from the compartment adjacent the coldest compartment to flow downwardly between the tubes of the coldest compartment to a gas ofl'take connected therewith.

24:. A condenser comprising a shell, tube sheets, inlet and outlet water boxes, tubes within the shell extending between .the tube sheets and connecting the water-boxes and partitions in the shell transverse to the tubes forming a plurality of compartments having different heat absorbing capacities, one of the partitions having a plurality of apertures disposed approximately centrally of the lower portion thereof and another partition having a plurality of apertures disposed ateither side of the lower portion thereof so as to cause the vapors and gases flowing from one compartment to another to flow in a substantially circuitous path through the condenser over the coolin tubes therein.

25. A condenser comprising a shell, tube partitions having a plurality of apertures disposed at one side of the lower portion thereof and another partition having a plurality of apertures disposed at the otherside.

of the lower portion thereof so as to cause the vapors and gases flowing from one pompartment to another to flow in a substantlally circuitous path through the condenser over the cooling tubes therein.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature.

RAYMOND N. EHRHART.