US952896A

US952896A - Firearm for hand and automatic loading.

Info

Publication number: US952896A
Application number: US40081407A
Authority: US
Inventors: Rudolf Frommer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1907-11-05
Filing date: 1907-11-05
Publication date: 1910-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 1927-03-22

Description

R. IROMMER.

FIREARM FOB HAND AND AUTOMATIC LOADING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 5, 1907.

Patented Mar.22,1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

R. FROMMER.

FIREARM FOR HAND AND AUTOMATIC LOADING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 5, 1907.

Patented Mar. 22, 1910.-

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

llll lllll mm k 41am! m Elie UNITED STATES PATENT oEE1oE.

BUDOLF FBOMMER, OF BUDAPEST, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

simian]: For. mm) ANDIAUTOMATIC LOADING.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUnoLr FnoMMER, manager, subject of the King of Hungary, residin at Budapest, in the Empire of Austria ungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms for Hand and Automatic Loading, of which the following is a specification.

This invent-ion relates to a firearm which can be converted by a single handle from a hand loader into an automatic loader and vice versa.

If the weapon is arranged as a hand loader, then the closing spring of the breech-bolt and the barrel spring are put out of action, and the barrel adjusting lever and the handle engaged. The handle is brought into aposition 1n which it is easily handled when the weapon is converted into an automatic loader, the breech-bolt and barrel spring are engaged and the barrel adjusting lever and the handle put out of engagement; the latter is also turned aside in the vertical position in which it does not project out of the weapon. These motions are effected completely automatically and with reliable certainty by the turning of a handle. The automatic engagement and disengagement of the handle on the alteration of the weapon is of especial importance, because whereas a handle projecting out of the weapon is essentially necessary for a hand loader,it is on the other hand required in an automatic firearm that. it shall have rojccting out of the weapon no portion oi the mechanism which moves during the automatic action, because the user may be injured by the projecting part which is moving to and fro.

In the present invention the conversion from the hand loader to the automatic loader and vice versa takes place with the greatest certainty, avoiding any springs and quite compulsorily, and safety devices are, provided which prevent the respective conversion from only taking place partially; that is to say safety devices are provided to insure that the specially desired conversion is eii'ected Specification of Letters Patent.

means of a short, easy and quick hand action and one moreover which can be convenientlv carried out by theuser in any position. oreover arrangements are made by means of which the conversion cannot take place without the intention of the user, that is the arrangement cannot be altered by acci dent and the conversion only operates in a certain position of the closing parts, that is only when the breech-bolt is completely closed. The present firearm is moreover provided with a device which in combination with the convertingdevice insures that the weapon can only be discharged after a completely operated conversion. It is especially that it is so constructed that all parts are completely closed, and with the exception of the cartridge opening which is exposed on tected in every direction against penetration of course be applied to all kinds of firearms. As an. example it is illustrated in the accompanying drawings applied to a weapon .with sliding barrel.

In these drawings, Figure 1 shows a side elevation and partial. section. Fig. 2 is a central horizontal, section. Figs. 3 and 4 show each a section on the line IIIIV of Fi 2 in two different positions. Figs. 5 an 6 show each a section on the line VVI of Fig. 2 in two different positions. Figs. 7 and 8 show each arear view of the weapon in two different positions.

two cavities 2, 3 (Figs. 2, 5 and 6). The handle 4 is. connected with a handle rod '5 displaceable in the direction of the barrel, which rod is provided at its rear end with a projection 6; this projection can be oscillated in the cavity 2 of the breech-bolt (Figs. 2 and 5) and can be turned out of the same .(Fig. 6). Obviously the cavity might also be formed in the rod and a tooth arranged upon the breech-bolt to come into engagement with this cavity. The rod 5 is rovided at its rear end with a bolt 7 which 1s contained in a boring of the rear wall 8 of the breech-bolt. The bar 10 operated by the closing spring 9 is provided at its rear end with a square end 11, upon which is placed a segment 12 secured by means of a nut 13. The segment 12 can be turned by correspondin turning of the bar 10 into the cavity 3 of t e breech-bolt (Fig. 6) or out Patented Mar. 22, 1910.

Application filed November 5, 1907. Serial No. 400,814.

to'be noticed in connection with this firearm "7 5 the actuation, the weapon is completely proof dust and impurities. The invention can The breech bolt 1 possesses at its rear part I of the same as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. In this case also the projecting part might be placed on the breech-bolt and the corresponding cavity formed the bar. The rod 5 and the bar 10 fit revolubly and movably in respective borings 14 and 15 arranged parallel with the barrel of the Weapon.

At the front part of the handle rod 5 are provided teeth 16 (Figs. 2, 3 and 4) with which the teeth 17 of a bell-crank 19 revolving on a pivot 18 can engage; said bellcrank causes a simultaneous rotation of the handle rod 5 and the drawbar 10. For this purpose the bell-crank 19 is provided with a tooth 20 upon the side lying opposite the teeth 17 which tooth engages in a cavity 21 of the bar 10. Through this connection the handle rod and the drawbar are so coupled that whenever the one is turned the other will also be turned in the corresponding direction.

Obviously in place of the above described connection any other mechanism can be employed which so connects the

bars

5 and 10 together, that on the turning of the one bar the other is correspondingly revolved. If the handle 4 be turned down so that it rests against the weapon, as shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 8 in which the handle is only indicated by an arrow, then the projection 6 of the handle rod will be turned out of the cavity 2 of the breech-bolt and the latter will be out of engagement with the handle rod and with the handle 4. The breech-bolt can therefore move to and fro in the weapon without moving with it the handle 4 which remains in its position of rest. Through the above described downward motion of the handle thereis nevertheless also the bell-crank 19 moved by means of the teeth 16, 17, whereby the tooth 20 engaging the cavity 21 also turns the bar 10 and so that the segment 12 arranged on the square end of the drawbar turns into the cavity 3 of the breech-bolt. Consequently on the release of the projection 6 the handle rod is brought out of the cavity 2 of the breech-bolt and at the same time the segment 12 of the drawbar is brought into engagement with the breech-bolt. On the repetition of the motion in the opposite direction the actuation of the above arts takes place likewise in the opposite direction. The bell-crank 19 engages when in the. position shown in Fig. 3 in a cavity 22 of the barrel 23 (Fig. 2) whereby the barrelis held fast. On the shifting of the handle into the position shown in Fig. 3, the bell-crank 19 is turned out of the cavity of the barrel and the barrel is released. This arrangement for the holding fast and liberating of the barrel is'obviously only necessary in weapons with sliding barrel. If the invention is applied to weapons with a fixed barrel, then thls device becomes unnecessary.

As may be seen from the foregoing, in the position shown in Figs. 3 and 5 the handle rod is connected with the breech-bolt (the projection 6 engaging in the cavity 2) the drawbar with the closing sprmg 1S disconnected from the breech-bolt (segment 12 being out of engagement with the cavity 3) and the barrel is held fast (lever 19 engaging in the cavity In this case the handle 4 is in the horizontal position projecting out of the barrel casing, and the weapon can then be used as a hand loader. In the position shown in Figs. 3 and 6 on the other hand the handle rod is disconnected from the breech-bolt, the drawbar with closing spring is connected with the breech-bolt and the barrel is released, while the handle is turned down. The weapon is in this position a self-loader. The character of the weapon can at once he recognized by the position of the handle 4.

The reconversion of the weapon is effected equally simply either by turning the handle rod or the drawbar about their longitudinal axes. In order to be able to effect this turning not by means of the handle 4, but as easily and conveniently as possible with a single grip, there is provided a turning piece 24 in the prolongation of the drawbar 10 (Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 6) which by means of a square end 25 (Figs. 7 and 8) is firmly connected with the part 26. On the part 26 there is movable under action of the spring 27 a locking piece '28, having a tooth 29; the latter is pressed into the recesses 30 or 31 of the barrel casing according to the position of the piece 26, whereby the piece 26 and the part 24 connected with it are held fast in their positions. The part 24 is also used as a key for operating the conversion system, because it engages the segment 12 arranged upon the square end 11 and also the safety nut 13, so that by turning the converter 24 by aid of the piece 26, the rod 10 is turned and consequently the whole conversion system is actuated. In order to be able freely to turn backward the drawbar 10 with segment 12 and nut 13 on the automatic operation of the weapon, the converter 24 is slotted longitudinally so that the segment 12 projects through this slot out of the piece 24 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. For the purpose of converting the weapon it is consequently only necessary to raise the lockin piece 28 against the action of the spring 2% out of its cavity, to revolve the piece 26 and to allow the locking piece to spring back into the other cavity. Through the locking piece 28 the position of the bar 26 is locked in both terminal positions and the same can only be altered by the user and in the manner indicated.

In self-loaders the breech-bolt remains open after using up the last cartrid es. In

this condition the drawbar 10 is p aced in 1 emcee the backward position and consequently out of enga ement with the bell-crank 19, whereby the ocking'gof the bar 5 would be removed. In order in this case also to secure a locking of the bar 5 there is placed in front of the bar 10 a locking sleeve 33 under the influence of the spring 32"and displaceable in the casing 37. This locking sleeve possesses a cavity 34. The iece 33 is pushed back when thebar is pusii ward by means of a projection 36 on the bar against the action of the spring 32. As sooii, however, as the drawbarrecedes, the part 33 is liberated and is again pushed out of its casing by thespring 32, so that the notch 34 engages-with a rojection 35 of the lever 19, whereby the ever and together with it the handle rod is held fast even when the drawbar is retracted. As soon as the drawbar again moves forward this hold is released by the excess 7 of pressure of the spring 9 over the spring 32, and then again taken over by the drawbar or 'by the locking piece 28. The prolongation 36 of the bar 10 serves at the same time for the fixing of the lever 19 in the position as hand loader, because the inner ed e of this projection rests against the ever (Figs. 2 and 3).

The part 26 is provided with a segment 38, which when theweapon is cocked enages with a groove 39 on the firing bolt 40.

he oove 39 is so placed on the firing bolt that ln the cocked position of the firing bolt it lies in the lane of the segment 38. The arched part oi the'segment is so,fitted that it only projects out of the groove 39 when the piece 26 is in the terminal positions (Figs. 7

I and 8) By this means the cocked firing bolt is held fast by the segment 38 until the piece 26 reaches one of its terminal -positions,'so

that the firing bolt can only strike when the conversion either to a hand loader or an automatic loade fected, because herwise the se ent 38 remains in the grobve39 of the firing bolt and prevents it from striking. The segment 38 consequently forms a safety device so that the weapon can bnly then be discharged,

when the'conver'sion in either sense-hasbeen .fully efl'ected. The segment'38 has the further object to draw back the firing bolt a little during the conversion, in order to relieve the operating arran ement from the prestion between its two end positions, and that.

by a second mistake thetri er was actuated, then of course the earth ge cannot be ed forhas been completely ef-- discharged because the segment 38 is still in the slot of the firing bolt. nevertheless be brought out of the range of the firing bolt, and when the trigger is again released I would not again arrive with certainty before the stop ofthe firing bolt, because the firing bolt is pressed forward a little by the pressure of Its spring, so that the sear remains standing below the stop of the firing bolt without holding the bolt fast; the latter will be consequently retained only by means of the segment 38. If the weapon in this position be entirely converted, then the discharge will take place. In order to prevent this the segment 38 is so arranged that by the introduction thereof in the slot 39 the firing bolt is drawn back a little so that the sear is released from the pressure of the firing bolt and in the case of an action as above described can return with certainty after release of the trigger again to the fast holding position. For this purpose the segment is provided at both ends with sloping arts 44 so that the segment holds back a little the firing bolt through the wedge action of the slopes.

In order, as originally stated, that the conversion can only take place when the breech-bolt is fully closed, there is formed in the converter 24 a longitudinal groove 41, (Figs. 2, 5 and 6) in which a tooth 42 of the breech-bolt engages. Obviously the tooth might be upon the converter and the groove be formed on the breech-bolt. The longitudinal groove 41 is only interrupted by means of a cross groove 43 (Fig. 2) at the point where the tooth 42 fits when the breech-bolt is closed. Consequently only in this position can the converter 24 be turned for the purpose of converting the weapon, because then the tooth 42 can travel along the cross groove 43; in all other positions conversion is impossible because the converter cannot be revolved on account of the tooth 42 being held in the longitudinal groove 41. This relates of course to the convertibility of the weapon when it is used as a hand loader. \Vhen it is'used for automatic loading there are only two' ossible positions for the breech-bolt, name y, it must be either entirely closed or inthe case of an empty magazine entirely open. impossible because the drawbar 10 and its cavity are in their rearmost position and consequentl out of engagement with the tooth 20 o the adjusting lever. If, however, the breech-bolt isentirely closed, the conversion as already stated can be effected without difliculty.

I claim- The sear will In the latter case the conversion is l. A fire-arm for hand and automatic 7 loading comprising in combination-with the breech-bolt a handle and a closing spring at will, the arrangement being such that upon the engagement of the closing spring with the breech-bolt the disengagement of the handle with the breech-bolt is positively effected, and vice versa.

2. A fire-arm for hand and automatic loading, comprising in combination with the breech-bolt a handle and a closing spring, a movable rod carryin said handle, a movable bar connected with said closing spring, the said rod and bar both being adapted to be alternately engaged with, and disengaged from said breech-bolt at will.

3. A fire-arm for hand and automatic loading com rising in combination with a breech-bolt aving two cavities. a closing sprin and a handle, a revoluble bar connected with said closing s ring and provided with a projection a apted to enter one of said cavities'in said breech-bolt and a revoluble rod carrying the handle and provided with. a rojection adapted to entertheother cavity in said breech-bolt, hereby thesaid movable bar and rod arealternately engaged with, and disengaged from the said breech-bolt at will.

4. A fire-arm for hand and automatic loading, comprising in combination with a breech-bolt a closing spring and a handle, a revoluble bar connected with the said closing spring, a revoluble rod, carrying said handle, the said bar and rod both bein adapted to be alternately enga ed with, an disengaged from the said breefii-bolt at will and means connecting the said bar and rod. in such a manner, that upon turning the one also the other is turned.

5. A fire arm for hand and automatic loading, comprising in combination with a breech bolt a closing spring and a handle, a movable bar connected with said closing spring, a movable rod carrying said handle, both the said bar and rod bein adapted to be alternately engaged with, and disengaged from the breech-bolt at will, and a bellcrank both in engagement with the said bar and rod in such a manner that upon engaging the said bar with the said breech-bolt the disengagement of the said rod with the breech-bolt is effected, and vice versa.

6. A fire-arm for hand .andautomatic loading comprising in combination with a sliding. barrel and breech-bolt a closing I spring, and a handle, a revoluble member connected with said closing spring, a revoluble member carrying said handle, both said members being adapted to be alternatel en a ed with, and disengaged from said reec olt at will, a bell-crank operatively connecting said members so that upon the engagement of one of said members with the breech-bolt the other member will be disengaged therefrom, and means on said bell-crank adapted upon the turning of the said bell-crank in one direction to engage the said barrel, thereby locking the same in its position, and to release thesaid barrel upon the turning of the said bell-crank in the other direction.

7. A fire arm for hand and automatic loading comprising in combination with a sliding barrel and breech-bolt a clos' spring, a handle, a movable bar connecte with said closing s ring, a movable rod carrying said hand e, a bell-crank operatively connected with both the said bar and rod, so that upon turning the bar also the rod will be turned, and vice versa, means on said crank-lever adapted to engage with the sliding barrel and lock the same in position, a locking member for the said crank-lever,

and a projection on the said bar adapted to hold the said lockin member out of engagement withthe said ll-crank when the said bar is pushed forward and to release the said locking member to engage with the said bellcrank upon the return movement of the said bar.

8. A- fire-arm for hand ,and automatic loading comprising in combination with a barrel and a breech-bolt a closing s ring, and a handle, a movable bar connecte with said closing spring, a movable rod carrying said handle, both the said bar and rod being adapted to be alternatel enga ed with, and disengaged from the sai breec -bolt at will, means operatively connecting the said bar and rod to move one upon the movement of the other and a converter ada ted to be connected with the said bar at wi l for the purpose of turning the same in one or the other direction.

9. A fire-arm for hand and automatic loading comprisin in combination with the barrel and breecholt a closing spring and a handle, a movable bar connected with said closing spring, and a movable rod carrying said handle, a means operatively connecting the said movable bar and rod, whereby one is turned upon the operation of the other, a projection on the said movable bar, and a converter having a longitudinal slot to receive said projection and adapted to be coupled with the said movable bar to turn the same in one or the other direction.

10. A fire-arm for hand and automatic loading comprising in combination with the barrel and breech-bolt, a closing spring, a handle, a movable bar connected with said closing spring, a movable rod, carrying said handle, means operatively connecting the said bar and rod and a converter adapted to be coupled with said movable bar and provided with a oove, a projection on said breech bolt, a apted to engage the said groove, and a cross groove located at the oint where the said rojection fits when the reechbolt is close thus; permitting the turning of the said converter only in this position of the said projection.

11. A fire-arm for hand and automatic loading comprising in combination with the barrel and the breech-bolt a closing spring and a handle, a movable bar connected with said closing spring, a movable rod carrying said handle, means operatively connecting the said bar and rod, means on said bar and said rod to effect their alternative engagement with and disengagement from the said breech bolt, a converter adapted to be coupled with said -movable bar and provided with a groove, a projection on said breechbolt adapted to enter the said groove, a cross groove located at the point where the said projection fits when the said breech-bolt is closed, thus permitting the turning of the said converter only in this position of the said projection, a" firing bolt, a thumb piece connected with said converter and having a segment ada ted to enter a groove in the said firing bot to hold it in its retracted position until the conversion of the fire-arm from a hand to an automatic loader is completed.

12. A fire-arm for hand and automatic loading comprising in combination with the barrel and the breech-bolt a closing spring and a handle, a movable bar connected with said-closing spring and a movable rod carrying saidhandle, means for operatively connecting said movable bar and rod to effect their alternate engagement with and disengagement from the said breech-bolt, a converter adapted to be coupled with said movable bar, a firing bolt, a spring surrounding said firing bolt, a thumb piece on said converter 'provided with a segment adaptedto enter a groove in the said firing bolt and of such a shape as to slightlydraw back the said firing bolt upon entering the groove therein to release the said spring-surrounding the said firing bolt.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

RUDOLF FROMMER. Witnesses i SILSON FRUOFF,

LESLIE LESLIE.