US1322438A - Riele - Google Patents

Description

G.V L. HENDERSON.

RIFLE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I6. 19`I8.

Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

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RIFLE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. Is. I9Ia.

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G. L. HENDERSON.

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l APPFICATIN FILED NOV. I6, |918. vv 1,322,438. Patented Nov, 18, 1919.

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` RIFLE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I6 ISIS.

1,322A38. l Patented Nov.1s,1919.

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WITNESSES [NVE/V701? l i ATTORNEYS closed position;

{GEORGE LIVINGSTON HENDERSON, OF'YELLOWSTON E PARK. W YOMING.

RIFLE.

Lasaass.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented NV. 18,l 1919.

Application led November 16, 1918. Serial No. 262,825.

To all 'whom t may concern.' A

Be it known that I, GEORGE L. HENDER- SON7 a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Yellowstone Park, in the county of Yellowstone National Park and State of i/Vyoming, have invented a new and Improved Riiie, of which the following is a full, clear7 and exact description.

The invention relates to magazine hand rearms and its object is to provide a new and improved rifle having 'an exceedingly simple operating device not liable to get easily out of order. Another object is to providing` a riie for use by cavalrymen, mounted police and other persons, and arranged to permit of readily placing the rifle in a saddle scabbard. Another object is to prevent accidental firing of the gun on failing to ret-urn the operating lever to full closed position.

With these and other objects in View, the invention consists of certain novel features of construction as hereinafter shown and described and then specifically pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the acccompanying drawings .forming a part of this specicatiom in which similar characters of refe-rence indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the rifle with the breech block in closed position;

Fig. 2 is a similar View of the same with parts in section and with the breech block retracted;

Fig. 3 is a cross section of the same on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the rifle with parts in section and with the breech block in closed position;

Fig, 5 is a longitudinal section of the same on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a similar view of the same with the breech block in retracted position;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the rifle with parts in section and the breech block i Fig. 3 is a similar view of the same with the breech block in retracted position;

Fig. 9 is a cross section of the saine on the line 9-9 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 is a sectional plan View of the same on the line 1010 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 11 is a sectional side-elevation on the line 11*11 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 12 is a cross section of the same on the line 12-12 of Fig. 1;

Fig, 13 is a perspective view of the breech block and its carrier;

Fig. 14 is a similar View of the sides of the breech block carrier with the bearings for the breech block removed;

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the breech block; and

Fig. 16 is asimilar view of the ring pin.

The frame 20 of the firearm is` provided at the rear end with a stock 21 and on the forward end with a barrel 22 adapted to receive cartridges 23 held in a magazine 24 attached to the frame 20,-the cartridges being preferably arranged in staggered relation; as plainly shown in Fig. 12. The two lowermost cartridges 23 in the magazine 24 rest on a follower 25 pressed upwardly by a spring 26 seated on the bottom 27 of the magazine 24.

The frame 20y is provided at the sides with longitudinally extending guideways 30, 31, in which are mounted to slidev the sides 32 and 33 of a breech block carrier 34 in which is mounted to turn a breech block 35 containing a firing pin 36 pressed on by a spring 37 and serving to fire the cartridge in the barrel 22; as hereinafter more fully explained. The forward end of the breech block 35 is provided with cam lugs 40, 41 adapted to engage recesses 42, 43 formed in the forward end of the frame 20 adjacent the rear end of the barrel 22. The recesses 42 and 43 have beveled forward walls (see Fig. 6) to draw the forward end of the 'breech block 35 against the seat 44 formed on the frame 20 to hold the breech block firmly seated and locked when in forward position. The breech block 35 is provided near its rear end with a lug 45 adapted to'engage a locking recess 46 formed in the rear portion of the frame 20 to assist the lugs 40 and 41 to hold the breech block in locked position ,in the carrier 34 In order to impart a forward and backward sliding movement to the breech block carrier 34 use is made of an operating lever 50 pivotally connected at its upper end with ad4 pivot 51 arranged in 'the side 33 0f the breech block carrier 34. The operating lever is provided at its lower end with a handle 52, and intermediate the handle 52 and the pivot 5l is arranged an arcuate slot into which projects the wrist pin 54 of a crank arm 55 having a transverse shaft or pivot 56 mounted to turn in the frame 20. The back oi: the leve-r 50 abuts against a Afriction roller 57 ournaled on the frame 26 to ease the movelnent of the lever 50. It will be noticed that by the arrangement described the operator having hold of the handle can actua'te the lever 50 with a view to slide the breech block carrier 34 forward or backward on the frame 26.

The breech blockV 35 is given a quarter turn in the breech bloclrcarrier 34 and for this purpose a mechanism is provided controlled by the lever 50 and arranged as fellows: On the pivot or shaft 56 is secured a segmental gear wheel 60 in mesh with teeth 61 formed on one side of a rack 62 mounted to slide up and down in a guideway 63 Fig. 3) formed in the rear portion of the trame 20. The upperend ot' the slide 62 is provided on its tace with gear teeth 64 in mesh with gear teeth 65 formed on one side of the breech block 35 adjacent the rear lug 45, as plainly indicated in Figs. 4 and It will be seen that when the breech block carrier 34 and with it the breech block 35 is moved forwardly by the operator swinging` the handle 52 of the actuating lever 50 rearwardly and upwardly then the teeth 65 of the breech block move into engagement with the teeth-64 on=thc racl; 62. During this t'orward movement of the breech block carrier 34 and the breech blocl; 35 the slot 53 ot the lever 50 travels along the wrist pin and when the breech block Carrier reaches itsl forward position then the wrist pin IE is at the end ot the slot 53 and the operator now swings the handle farther upward with the pivot 5l as the fulcrum instead of the wrist Vpin 54. During this final upward movement et the actuating lever 50 an upward swinging movement is ygiven tothe crank arm whereby the pivot 56 and the segmental gear wheel 60 are turned and the turning movement ot the gear wheel 66 causes the raci 62 to slide upward whereby the teeth 64 of the rack 62 in mesh with the :teeth on the breech block turn the latter to engage the lugs 40 and 41 with the recesses 42, 43 and to 4 engage the lugwith the recess 46 thus locking the breech block carrier in its forward position and with it the breech block 35. It is understood that during this turnn ing movement of the breech block 35 the latter is drawn forwardly in firm engagement with its seat 44 by the action of the cam lugs 46, il and 4F on the beveled walls oi' the recesses 42, 43 and 46. It is also understood that during this forward movement of the breech block carrier 34 and the breech block 35 the latter pushes the upper most cartridge 23 into the barrel while the. next following cartridge is pressed in contact with the under side of the breech block by the action oi.: the spring-pressed :follower 25. When it is desired to open the rifle for reloading or other purposes the handle 52 of the actuating lever 50 is swung downward on the pivot 5l as the iulcrum whereby a downward swinging movement is given to the crank arm 55. When this takes place a downward swinging movement is given to the segmental gear wheel 60 which on account of being in mesh with the teeth 6l of the rack 62 moves the latter downward whereby the teeth 64 of this rack 62 in engagement with the teeth 65 turn the breech block back to its original position, that is, with the lugs 40, 4l and 45 out ot engagement with the recesses 42, 43 and 46. Dui ing the further downward and forward swinging movement given to the handle 52 the lever 50 is turned on the wrist pin 54 as the tulcrum whereby the breech block carrier 34 andwvith it the breech block are moved rearwardly into open position. It is understood that when the breech block is turned to the position tor retraction its lugs 40, 4l and 45 extend sidewise and hence are in alinement with the guidcways 36, 3l. The rack 62 is provided in its lower back portion with a guideway 67 into which projects a guide lug 63 attached to or torming part oit' the frame 20 to guide the rack 62 in its up and down movement and to limit Jihe downward movement of the said rack 62.

The iiring pin 36 provided on the righthand side with a sidewise extending lug 76 extending through an opening 71 formed in the breech block 35 and the said lug` 76 is adapted to pass into a guideway 72 formed on the inner face of the side 33 oi' the breech block carrier 34 (sce Figs. 3 and 3). By the arrangement d ribed, the firing pin 36 is held against turning with the breech block 35 and is free to slide longitudinally independent of the breech block 35. The lug` 70 of the firing pin 36 is provided with a depending lug 73 adapted to be engaged by a shoulder of a scar 8l mounted to slide up and down in a bearing 32 formed in the frame 20. rThe under side or' the scar 3l is pressed on by a spring` 83 to move the sear 8l in an upward direction. The scar Sl is provided at its rear side with a notch 34 into which projects an arm 85 of a trigger 86 fulcrumed at 87 on the irame 20, the lower end ot the trigger extending in the ing the trigger 86 reaivuardlyv the scar 8l is caused to slide dov-mward to disengage the shoulder S6 trom the lug 73 to allow the firing pin 36 to move forward by the action lll rear of the actuating lever 50. On press of its spring 37 to lire the cartridge 23 held in the barrel 22 at the time. The forward wall of the opening 71 in the breech block forms a shoulder 88 extending' into the path of the lug 73 at the time the breech block is in its normal position, that is, with its locking lugs 40, 41 and 45 extending sidewise, and hence when the breech block is moved into closed position prior to turning it then the shoulder 88 is in the path of the lug 73 (see Fig. 11), and should the trigger S6 now be accidentally actuated and with it the sear 81 to release the lug 73 and the firing pin 36 then the latter can only move forward a short distance, that is, until the lug 73 abuts against the shoulder 88. Thus the firing pin is not liable to fire a cartridge unless the breech block is turned previously into locking posit-ion as above explained. It is understood that when the breech block is turned into this locking position the shoulder 88 moves out of the path of the lug 3 to allow the firing pin 36 to move forward to its full stroke to lire the cartridge in the barrel 22. Y

Y In order to lock the trigger 86 against movement the following arrangement is made: The trigger 86 is provided at one side with a recess 90 (see Fig. 9) and in this recess is adapted to pass a bolt 91 mounted to slide in a guideway 92 formed in the stock 21. The bolt 91 is pivotally connected by a link 93 with a lug 94 depending from a safety slide 95 mounted to slide in a suitable bearing 96 attached to the top of the stock 21. The forward end of the slide 95 is adapted to be engaged by a head 97 formed onithe rear end of the breech block 35 to move the slide 95 rearwardly on moving the breech block carrier 34 and with it the breech block 35 into rearward open position. The safety slide 95 is provided on its under side with a recess 100 adapted'to beengaged by a lug 101 of a spring 102 fastened at its rear end to the stock 21. The forward end of the 'spring catch 102 is provided with a cam 103 adapted to be engaged by the head 97 to swing the spring catch 102 downward with a view to disengage its lug 101 from the recess 100 at the time the head 97 of the breech block 35 is moved into real ward position. B v the arrangement described the slide 95 unlocked prior to the head 97 pushing it rearward as above explained. The slide 95 is provided with a lingerpiece 110 resting on the top of the spring catch 102 and normally` projecting slightly vabove the slide 95 so that the operator on pressing the iingerpiece 110 downward causes the spring catch 102 to swing downward. When this takes'place the lug10'1 disengages the recess 100 to allow of pushing the slide 95 rearwardly by the operator. The iingerpiece 110 is provided in its back with a recess 111 into which projects a pin 112 held on the slide 95 to limit the up and down movement of the fingerpiece 110. It is understood that when the slide 95 is moved rearwardly either by the breech block or'by hand then the bolt 91 is withdrawn from the recess 90 of the trigger 86 to allow the operator to pull the trigger for tiring as aibove described. The forward end of the breech block carrier 34 is provided with a suitable extractor 120 (see Fig. 7) adapted to engage the annular notch 121 of the cartridge 23 to pull the shell out of the barrel on retracting the said breech block carrier 34. The breech block 35 is provided with a suitable ejector 125 (see F ig. 5), preferably in the form cfa spring-pressed pin, adapted to engage the back of the cartridge to throw the same sidewise out of the frame 20 on Vretracting the breech block carrier 34 and the breech block 35.

The operation is as follows: Vhen the several parts are in the position shown in Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7 and a cartridge is in the barrel 22 and the trigger 86 is locked by the safety slide then the rifle cannot be tired, and in order to fire it is necessary for the operator first to press Vthe fingerpiece 110 to disengage the spring catch 102 from the safety slide 95 to allow the operator to push the latter rearwardly on the guideway 96. By this movement of the safety slide 95 the bolt 91 is withdrawn from the recess 90 of the trigger 86 thus unlocking the trigger and allowing the operator to pull the When the trigger is pulled the sear 81 is moved downward against the tension of its spring 83 and the shoulder 80 of the sear now disengages the lug 73 thereby releasing the tiring pin 36 which is now pushed forward by the action of its spring 37 to lire the cartridge 23 in the barrel 22. The trigger 86 is released immediately after the firing and the operator now takes hold of the'handle of the actuating lever and swings the same downward to actuate the rack 62 as previously explained with a view to turn the breech block 35 in the carrier 34 and thereby unlocking the breech block relative to the frame 20. On a further downward swinging movement given to the actuating vlever 50 the breech block carrier 34 is retracted and with it the breech block 35. During this rearward movement of the breech block carrier 34 and the breech block 35 the empty shell is pulled out of the barrel 22 by the extractor 120 and the shell is thrown sidewise through the opening above the magazine 24 by the action of the ejector 125. The uppermost cartridge 23 in the magazine 24 now moves in position in front of the retracted breech block 35 to be pushed forward into the barrel 22 on the next forward movement given to the breech block carrier 34 and the breech block 35. It is understood that the'breech block carrier 34 and the breech block 35 are moved forward into closed position on swinging the actuating lever 50 into closed position, that is, swinging the handle 52 upward and rearward, and when the breech block carrier reaches the end of its forward movement then a further closing movement given to the lever 50 turns the breech block 35 to engage the lugs 40, 41 and 45 with the corresponding recesses 42, 43 and 46 to lock the breech block in place. The trigger S6 is next pulled to again fire the rifle. When it is desired to lock the riiie against firing it is only necessary for the operator to push the safety slide 95 forward on its guideway 96 to reengage the bolt 91 with the recess 90 in the trigger 86 to lock the latter against movement. It will be noticed that should the operator fail to swing the handle 52 into complete final closed position, as shown in Fig. 1, then the breech block 35 is not turned in the breech block carrier 34 and hence the shoulder S8 remains in the path of the lug 73 and firing pin 36, and should the trigger now be pulled and the firing pin released vby the sear 81 then the firing pin can only move a short distance forward, that is, until the lug 7 3 strikes the shoulder '88. IVhen the firing pin is in this position its front end is a distance from the cartridge 23 and hence the latter is not fired unless the breech block is turned in the breech block carrier and locked in place, as above explained. From the Yforegoing it will be seen that accidental firing of the gun is not liable to take place unless the breech block is in closed locked position. VJhen the actuating lever 50 is n closed position then the rifle has no unduly projecting parts and hence it can be readily carried in a saddle scabbard.

It is understood that the cam lugs 40, 41 of the breech block 35 in coacting with the beveled walls of the recesses 42 and 43 draw the breech block 35 forward a short distance (say g@ inch) when moving into lock ing position, and when the breech'block is turned back out of locking position it is moved bodily rearward by the action of the cam lugs and the inclined walls of the re cesses to cause the forcible removal of any shell that is liable to stick in the barrel by the action of the extractor 125.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a rifle, an operating lever mounted to swing forward and kbackward and slide up and down, a breech block carrier mounted to slide forward and backward and pivotally connected with the said operating lever, a breech block mounted to turn in the said carrier and moving bodily with the same, and turning mechanism actuated from the said operating lever and connected with the said breech block to turn the latter into locking position after the carrier reaches a. forward position or to turn the breech block into an unlocked position prior to retracting` the 'breech block carrier by the operating lever.

2. In a rifle, a frame, an operating lever mounted to swing forward and backward and to slide up and down on the said frame, a breech block carrier mounted to slide forward and backward on the said frame and pivotally connected with the said operating lever, a breech block mounted to turn in the said carrier and to move bodily therewith, coacting locking means on the said breech block and frame to lock the breech block and its carrier against sliding on turning the breech block when the carrier reaches a forward position, and turning means for turning the breech block into locking or unlocking position and controlled by the said operating lever.

3. In a riiie, a frame, a barrel attached to the frame, a breech block carrier mounted to slide forward and backward on the said frame, a breech block mounted to turn in the said carrier and moving bodily therewith, coacting locking means between the said breech block and frame tolock the breech block in place when the carrier is in forward position, an operating lever pivotally connected with the said breech block carrier to move the latter forward or backward, ai crank arm fulcrumed on the said frame and on which the said operating lever is mounted to swing and to slide, and turning means controlled by the said crank arm and connected with the saidbreech block to turn the latter when the said carrier is in forward position.

4. In a rifle, a frame, a barrel attached to the frame, a breech block carrier mounted to slide forward and backward on the said frame, a breech block mounted to turn in the said carrier and moving bodily therewith, coacting locking means between the said breech block and frame to lock the breech block in place when the carrier is'in forward position, an operating lever pivotally connected with the said breech block carrier to move the latter forward or backward, a crank arm fulcrumed on the said frame and on which the said operating lever is mounted to swing and to slide, a rack mounted to slide up and down` on the said frame and provided with two sets of teeth, rack teeth on the said breech block and engaging one set of teeth on the rack at the time the breech block carrier is in -forward position, and rack teeth on the said crank arm and engaging the other set of teeth on the rack.

5. In a rifie, a frame provided with locking means, a barrel attached to the frame, a breech block carrier mounted to slide forward and backward on the said frame, a breech block adapted to close the rear end of the barrel and mounted to turn in the said I breech block carrier and to move bodily with the same, the breech block having locking lugs adapted to engage or disengage the said locking recesses on turning the breech block, a lever pivotally connected with the said breech block carrier and provided with a slot, a crank arm fulcrumed on the frame and having a wrist pin engaging the said lever slot, a segmental gear wheel turning with the said crank arm, a rack mounted to slide up and down in the said frame and having rack teeth at its upper and lower ends, the lower rack teeth being in mesh with the said segmental gear wheel, and gear teeth on one side of the. breech block and in mesh with the upper rack teeth on the said rack.

6. In a rifle, a frame provided with spaced front and rear locking recesses, a barrel attached to the `frame and having its axis in alinement with the axes of the said recesses, a breech block carrier mounted to slide on the said frame, a breech block mounted to bodily move with and to turn in the said carrier, the breech block being provided with front and rear cam lugs adapted to engage the said recesses on turning the breech block at the time the carrier is .in forward position, a lever under the control of the operator and pivotally connected with the said breech block carrier, the lever having an arcuate Slot, a crank arm fulcrumed on the said frame and having its wrist pin engaging the said slot, a rack vertically movable on the said frame, a segmental gear wheel turning with the said crank arm and in mesh with the said rack, and teeth on the breech block and in mesh with the said rack.

7. In a rifle, a frame provided with spaced front and rear locking recesses, a barrel attached to the frame and having its aXis in alinement with the axes of the said recesses, a breech block carrier mounted to slide on the said frame, a breech block mounted to bodily move with and to turn in the said carrier, the breech block being provided with front and rear cam lugs adapted to engage the said recesses on turning the breech block at the time the carrier is in forward position, a lever under the control oi' the operator and pivotally connected with the said breech block carrier, the lever having an arcuate slot, a crank arm fulcrumed on the said frame and having its wrist pin engaging the said slot, a rack vertically movable in the said frame, a segmental gear wheel turning with the said crank arm and in mesh with the said rack and teeth on the breech block and in mesh with the said rack7 a spring-pressed firing pin slidable in the said breech block and provided with a lug, the breech block having a side opening for the passage of the said lug, a guideway on the breech block carrier engaged by the said iiring pin lug to hold the firing pin against turning on turning the breech block, a scar engaging the said firing pin lug, and a trig ger controlling the said sear.

GEORGE LIVINGSTON HENDERSON.

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