US820912A - Governing mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

' No. 820,912. f PATENTED MAY 15, V1906.-

J.G.GALLAN.

GOVERNING MEGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.23,1905.

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Inventor; John G. Cal Ian,

PATENTED MAY 15, 190e. J. G. GALLAN.

GOVERNING MEGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.23.1905.

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PATENTED MAY 15, 1906. J. G. GALLAN. GUVBRNIING MEGHANISM.

APPLIUATION FILED FEB.23. 1905.

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Inventor; John @Gallen qttly .the line 8 8 of Fig. 5.

NTTE STTES PATENT l TCE.

JOHN G. CALLAN, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYfA CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

eovEnNiNG MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 1 5, 1 906.

l Application filed February 23,1905. Serial No 246,859.

Be it known that I, JOHN G. CALLAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new `and useful Improvements in Governing Mechanisms, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to governing mechanisms for elastic-'fluid motors, and more especiallyto turbines driven by steam or other elastic fluid.

The object of the present invention is to provide a governing mechanism of improved construction which will regulate the amount of motive iiuid supplied to the motor under normal conditions and which will shut down the motor irrespective of the position of the regulatingvalve or valves when the speed exceeds a certain predetermined limit.

The novel featuresv will be fully described hereinafter, and pointed out with particularity in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of my invention, Figure 1 isa partial axial section of an elasticiiuid turbine of theCurtis type. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion of the valve-actuating mechanism with its inclosing casing in section. Fig. 3 isa vertical section through the lever that transmits motion from the shaftgovernor to the regulating-valve. Fig. 4 is a detail view showing the trigger employed to trip the emergency-valve. Fig. '5 is a detail l sectional view of the tubularsupport and l sectional view taken on the line '6 6v o Fig. 5.

guidefor the emergency-valve. Fi 6 is a Fig.4 7 is a'sectional view taken on line 7 7 of Fig. Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on l Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views'of the emergency-valve actuator.

Figs. 11 and 12 are detail views of the emergency-valve, the Jformer beingfa section taken on line 11 11 of Fig. 12.V Figs-wand 14are detail sectional .views oi a modification, showing means employedA to reset the emergencyvalve; nFig 15 1s a diagrammatic view showing the extent of movement of the eccentric employed to reset the emergency-valve. Fig.

16 is a perspective view, partially in section, ofthe emergeney-valve and its support. Fig.

' 17 is a sectional view taken on the line 17 17 I of Fig. 16.'

y Fig.- 18 is a sectional view taken on the .line 18 18ofFig. 16,-and Fig. 19 is a sectional view taken on line 19 19 oi Fig.' 16.

1 represents the main shaft of the turbine, upon which isv mounted a bucket-wheel 2,

having one or more rows oi' wheel-buckets 3 oi 4 suitable shape.V Between the rows of wheelbuckets are situated intermediate buckets 4, that are carried by a suitable support. This support may extend wholly or partially around the wheel, as desired. The arc covered by the intermediate buckets will vary for differentmachines. Only one stage of a multistage turbine is shown in the illustration; but it is to be understood that this invention is applicable to machines having two or more stages, also that all oi the buckets in the machine maybe rotary. The wheel and intermediate buckets are inclosedv in a casing 5. To the left-hand side of the casing is secured a valve-chest ti, the latter also acting as a support for the sectlonalized nozzle 7. This nozzle preferably comprises a plurality"-of individual passages forms the seat for the re ulating-valve 9. The

regulating-valve is ma e after the fashion of a spoked wheel and is so mounted upon the valve-stem 12 that the stein may rotate within it, While it is held in place longitudinally by a nut lor other suitable means. The object of this is to permit the stem to turn and trip the emergency-valve. The outer surface of the stem is grooved to form a water packing. The center oi" the stem is provided with an .opening which communicates at one end with one or more 'of the grooves and at the opposite endl with the interior of the wheelcasing. vIn this manner any steam which leaks around the valve-stem will pass through the o eninglin the stemand thence-into the Whee -casin ,because the pressure in the latter isless t an that of the escaping steam. The valve-stem extends parallel with the Wheel-axis and is mounted Within a sleeve 13, Whi ch inturn is carriedby a head 14, the latter being threaded into the'valve-chest. This arrangement provides a long .hearing-surface for the valve-stem ,on the left-hand end. VThe gency valve.

- sition, as yshown in Fig. 1.

ri ht-hand end of the valve-stem is supporte and guided by the support 15 ofthe emer- Steam or other elastic fluid first enters the chamber 16 in the turbine by a pipe or other conduit and flows from there into the chamber 17, the latter being in communication with the chamber 18, which feeds the nozzle-sections.

The emergency-valve is carried by the support 15 and is normallylocked in the open po- In order to shut this valve, it is necessery to rotate it slightly about its axis, as will be more fully described hereinafter. For the present, however, it is sufficient to say that the regulating-valve has a reciprocating motion, due to the valve-stem, and that the emergency-valve, while normally stationary, is given a slight oscillatory motion about its axis when it is desired to close it. The valve is continually urged toward its seat by the compression-spring 19, and when once the valve is seated it is held there by the steam-pressure in the inlet-ch amber 16.

Mounted on the end of the wheel-shaft is a speed-responsive device of any suitable construction. -The one shown comprises asleeve 21, that incloses a spring, weight-arms 22, of which only one is shown, a movable abutment, and a frame 23, that is carried by suitable posts, which in turn are mounted in the ring 24. The movable abutment assumes different positions, due to the resultant action of the weights and opposing spring, and a rod 25 is employed to transmit this motion to the actuating-lever 26. Between the lever and the rod is located an adjustable spherical bearing 27. The actuating-lever` issupported by the pivot 28, the latter being carried by a frame 29, which comprises two arms provided with a common support 30, thesaid support being in the form of a band and is mounted upon the projection or head 14, that carries the valve-stem. The upper end of the actuating-lever 26 is forked to receive the trunnions 31, formed on the hollow block 32. Extending through the blockiand engaging it in such a manner that it is freel to rotate withinit, but is actuated by it in longitudinal translation, is the valve-stem 12.

From the foregoing it is apparent that as v the rod 25, which is attached to the governor,

is moved to and fro motion will be transmitted to the actuatin -lever 26 and cause it to swing to and fro a out its pivot 28. This motion is transmitted to the valve-stem through the trunnion-block 32, and in `this manner the re ulating-valve 9 is caused to o and throttle or otherwise control the admission of steam to the nozzles 18. This motion, however, has no effect -upon the emergency-valve.

If anything happens to the regulating-valve or the mechanism for operating it, itis necessary to provide an emergency-governor for Ycertain point the free end of the spring or springs moves outwardly until it or they strike the trigger 34. This trigger is mounted on the end of the valve-stem 12, and When moved by the clock-sprin rockskthe valvestem about its longitudina axis and'unlocks v or releasesthe emergency-valve 10 and permits the latter to close under the action of the compression-spring 19.

In order to prevent the free end of the clockspring or emergency-governor from overreaching when the speed becomes excessive, a damper or limiting device 35 in the form of a .ring forming an orbit about the ci'r.-

cle traveled by the fully-extended extremity of the clock-spring is providedwhich is supported vfrom the clamp 30 by feet 36. The ring is provided with a slot through which the lower end of thev trigger extends. preferred construction the heel and toe ofthe projecting trigger form -when the lvalve is tripped a portion of the arc of a circle vconstituted by the damping ring or orbit '35, which confines the outward movement of the governor. Other arrangements can be used, however. The clock-spring therefore does not jump over any very large gap after the shut-ofi valve is tripped nor is it permitted to fly outward far enough beyond the limiting-orbit to strike the trigger a hea and thereby incur the danger of brea age.

It is to be noted that the lower end of the valve-stem without disturbing its operativeY relation with respect .to the emergency-gov.- ernor. i

blow, A

In the t trigger, Fig. 1, has considerable length in an This is to permit the trigger` Referring now to Figs, 5 to12 and 16 to 19, inclusive, the construction of'thetemergency-valve will `be more fully` described.'

15 represents the tubular support and guide for the emergency-valve, and formed 'on the periphery of the Ytubular extension are one or more projections 40. lIn ythe present ini stance four of these projections are shown; y

In addition to forming a part o 'the lock the projectionsY act' as guides for the valve, Inv

order to lock or set the valve in itsopen` osition, it is necessary to impart a slight roc 'ng or oscillator motion thereto about its support, and to imit this movement a stop 42 1s provided, with which the side'of one of the ',r3o

4In the present illustration two camprojections 43 are provided, Figs. 5 and 8, which, engaging with the projections 41 on the valve as the latter lis moved away from its seat, rock or oscillate the valve about its axis suffi-4 ciently to cause the side of one of the projec tions'41 to strike the stop 42 andthe ends 44 to rest upon the projections 40. ring to Fig. 11 it will be seen that the righthand end of the 'projection 41, which' engages vwith the cam 43, is beveled to assist in this action. From the lforegoing it will be evident that longitudinal movement of the -valve in either direction is accompanied by a slight oscillator movement.l Itis to be understood that t `'s oscillatory motion is only sufiicient to cause thepart's to lock and unlock. lThe amount that the arts overlap-is shown more particularly in `ig. 18.

The means employed for resetting and tripping the valve will now be described.

-jacent to the seat.

Mounted upon the valveestem are one or more arms 45, Figs. 9 and 10, which enter -jaws 46, formed on'the side of the valve adjaws 46 form a telescopic joint, `so -that thev regulating-valve 9 and the stem 12 can move to and fro without'affecting the emergency valve.- Spring 19, Fig. 1 ,has sufficient torj sional effort in addition to its compression eiiect to maintain this relation once it is established. The length ofthe arms 46 and the `depth ofthe slot inthe jaws are such that rotational engagementis maintained throughout the working travel of valve 9 and at the 4 .samef'time valve 10 is free to completely close," even when valve 9 and arms 45 are at the inward extremity-of theirtravel. When the valve-stem 12 is lmoved to' the extreme right-hand position ofits I"emergency reset-` ting, travelearms 4-5 will move the emer` gency-valve from its seat and carry it to the right until cams 43 engage the beveled pro jections 41, causing valve 10 to twist or rotate until one of the `rojections 41 strikes thestop-42, which wil occur when 4the rotation has been sufficient to cause proper engagement between 40 and 41, thereby resetf ting valve 9. Attention is called to the fact .I that the T shape of'arins 45 causes them to engage with forks 46 in such fashion as to `prevent the elements of iorks 46 from departing in either plane from their symmetrical relation with the axis ot the valve-stem and concentricV parts.4 This acts `to prevent cram" ing in v`alye"10, which otherwise has,

axial y'measured, a short bearing-surface.

' Itis to he understood that there is a certaindeiini'temov'ernent of the throttlevalve 9 'under working conditions and' that this movement must riotat the one extremity interfere with .the closingrof the' emergencyvalve 10.

`in the position occupied when the turbine is'` On refer- Y The arms 45 and the valve 1() nor at the other bc s'uilicientI to throw the parts 45 and 46 out ofengageinent. The resetting movement causes a travel of the throttle-valvc 9 and its attached parts toward. the turbine-casing considerably in excess of the working travel, this beingsolelyfor the purpose ol resetting the emergency- As shown in Fig. 1, the parts are running at its normal speed. From the foregoing it is evident that only a very slight angular motion of the valve-stem 12 and arms 45, occasioned by the trigger 34, is necessary4 to disengage the lower ends 44 oi the projections 41 oii the valve from the projections 40 on the cylindrical sup )ort 15, and the 'com'a pression-spring 19 willI then move the valve against its seat and the steam-pressure will hold it. In order to reset the einergencyvalve, the supply of steam to the inlet-chamber is cut oil", the casing 47 removed, and the valve-steni 12 moved kinward or toits ex* treme right-hand position, Fig. 1, which action resets the valve. The casing 47 is then mounted in place and steam is admitted to the inlet-chaniber 10. l

With the construction thus far described when the eniergency-valve is tripped it is necessary -to removeA the casing and reset the valve by hand. Under some conditions this is desirable, since the fact that the emergency has tripped argues that the casing should be removed and the main governor examined. There are conditions, however, wherel it is of paramount importance to continue running, and in Figs. 13' to15 is shown a means whereby the emergency-valve can be reset without removing the casing. 'Ihe actuating-lever 26 is pivotally mounted in the frain'eZQ, as before. The pivot, however, instead of being cylindrical, as in the previous ICO figures,is made in the form oi" an eccentric 50. v

.-jection willbe removed from t ie slot, after which the handle andspindle 5 1 can readily be moved. The normal movement of the eccentric is indicated by the are 54, Fig. 15, and Y' owing to the way it is set the vertical movement imparted to the actuating-lever 26 is very slight, `as is indicated at 55. essary to limit the vertical movement oi' the actuating-lever 26 in resetting as' much as It is necpossible, soas to avoid unduly straining the rod 25, connecting it with the shaft-governor. The remainder of the apparatus being i the same as previously described, further de- Scription-is unnecessary.

Where the parts are continually moving to Y and fro, as must be the case with a construction of this kind, it is necessary to-provide.

lubricating means. To accomplish this, the actuating-lever 26 is made hollow and is illed with asuitable material to form a Wick 56.v This Wick receives any lubricant whichv drips'from the trunnion-.box 32, the latter being directly under and receiving lubricant from the chamber 57, the latter acting as a body of absorbent material containing` lubricant which it feeds into the trunnion-.box and thence to the Wick '56, that lubricates the pivot 28 or the eccentricI 50 and the spherical caring 27. Eirperience shows that enoughl lubricant will Work out from the parts specied to .properly lubricate the balance ofthe' governing mechanism. In order toprevent steam or other elasticiluid from escaping from the Wheel-casing to the atmosphere'or to the casing surroundin the governing mechanism., adjustable pac ings 58'are provided,which maybe of any suitable construction. f

.My invention is shown in connectionwith what is-known as a-jet vor impulse turbine; but it is not to be construed as being limited thereto, since it can be used in connection with reaction-.machines or machines operating on other principles. f

Iny accordance with the provisionsof the patent' statutes I have vdescribe-d the principle v of operation of my invention,' together With' the ap aratus which I now consider the best embo iment thereof; but I desire'to have it .understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and' that carried out by other means.'

What I claim'as new, and desire to secure by Letters .Patent of the United States, is-

1. In combination, a fluid-actuated motor,.`

a valvechest mounted thereon, a valve mounted therein, a detachable head for the chest, a stem for by the-motor, a 'lever for transmitting motion from the speed-responsive deviceto the valve, and a frame a valve-chest', regulating and -shut-oli valves mounted therein, an vactuator which iscommon to the valves, speecl-responsivel devices a lever 'transmitting a trigger located between the poinrt of attachment of the actuator and lever and 'the valvechest which is actuated by the emergency speed-responsive device.

the lvalve passing through the head, a speed-responsive device drivenfor supporting the lever, 4WhichV iscarried bythe valve-chest 2. In combination, a fluid-actuated motor,='

i. a the invention can be vthe speed-responsive device, which acts as a-guide for one of the valvesv 3. In'combination, a Huid-actuated motor, a valve-che'st attached to the motor, a regulatin -valve mounted in the chest, a detachablel ead lfor the chest, a speed-responsive device, a lever connecting the valve With the speed-responsive device, and a frame carried by the detachable head Which pivot for the lever. v f

4. In combination, a fluid-actuated motor,

a speed-responsive device driven by themotor, a valve-chest which overhangs the speedresponsive device, a valve in the chest, a

carries the stem for thevalve which extends parallel to.V

the axis of the motor, and a lever for transmittingmotion from the speed-responsive device to the valve. l

5...In combination, a Huid-actuated motor, a speed-responsive device driven'by the motor, a valve controlling the admission of fluid to the motor, a means actuated by the,spee'dresponsive device for tripping the valve, and an eccentricfor resettin the valve.

6. In combination, a uid-actuated motor,

a speed-responsive device driven by the mof tor, a valve controlling the admission of fluid to` the motor, a lever actuated by the speed' responsive device for tripping the valve, a pivot for thelever, and a means `for moving the pivot to reset'the valve.

7. In Combination, a fluid-actuated motor, a speed-responsive device driven by themotor, a valve controlling the admission' of fluid tothe motor, a lever actuated 'by the speedeccentric which acts as a pivot for the lever, a casin inclosing the parts, and a means externa to the casing for moving the eccentric in avmanner to reset the valve.

8. Incombination, a fluid-actuated motor, speed-responsive 'devicedriven by-the motor, a valve .controlling the admission'of iiuid tothe motor, a lever actuated by the speedresponsive device, for tripping the valve, aI casing for the parts, a means for resetting the valve, a handle located outside of the casing for actuating the resetting means, anda locking device for the handle.'

9. I In combination, a Huid-actuated motor, a lspeed-responsive device driven thereby, regulating and shut-.0H valves controlled by and a sleeve and a seat for the other.

10.1 In combination, a fluid-actuated motor,v a speed-responsive.ldevice driven vthereby,"regulatin and shut-oilI valves controlled lregulating-valve Which y lthe spee .-responsive deviee,.a ,sleeve whichacts asaguide for vone'oi .the valves and a seat'lor the other,- andy al stem' for the 'passes through th sleeve.

11. In combination, anelastio-luid motor,

- responsive device for tripping the valve, anA

IIO

aV valve-chest, a valve .located therein, a.H

' speed-responsive device lfor actuating thel trigger mounted on and Inovin i @edera e valve, and a damper carried by the valvechest for preventingexcess movement of the speed-responsive device.

12. In combination7 an elastic-'fluid motor, a Valve chest, a controlling valve located therein, a stem for actuating the valve, a

longitudinally with the stem, and a spee -responsive device arranged to actuate the trigger under predetermined conditions as to speed.

13. In combination, Va luidactuated inotor, an admission-port for the motor between the shaft and the periphery of' the casing, a regulating-valve and a shut-oli valve having -a common aXis extending in a plane parallel to the axis of the motor, a'speedgovernor drivenby the revolving element-of the motor, a lever connecting the speed-governor `with the regulati11gvalve,. and a means for actuating the shutwcilx valve.

14. In combination, a Huid-actuated nio tor, an adniissioneport for the motor be tween the shaft and the periphery of the cas ing, a regulatingwalve and a shut-eti valve, a spindle common to the valves which extends in a plane parallel to the Sliait of the motor, a speed-governor mounted on the shaft, a lever connecting the governor and the spindle for moving the regulating-valve, and a. means for actuating the shut-ott valve.

In Witness Whereoil I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of February, 1905.

JOHN G, Ci-'ILLAN Witnesses:

JOHN A. McMANU-s, Jr., DUGALD MCK. MoKiLLoP.

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