US820913A - Governing mechanism for fluid-actuated motors. - Google Patents

Description

No.A 820,913. PATENTED MAY 15,Y 1906.

' VLGJJALLABL GOVBRNING MECHANISM FORYPLUID AGTUATED MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.23.1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET .1.

7 lll/lll A IHII f IHVentQr John G. Cal lah, By

PATENTED MAY15, 1906.

J. G. CALLAN. GOVERNING MEOHANISM POR FLUID lAGIUA'IED MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.23. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnesses:

mtby.

. a f .me/ n. .m

srA'rns VPATENT orricn.

JOHN G. OALLAN, OF LYNN, MSSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO `GENERAL ELEO'IRIO COMPANY, A'OORPORATION' OF NEW YORK.

4GuQVlFlNlNG. NBECHANlSlVI FOR FLUID-ACTUATED MOTORS.

p No, 320,913.

Patented May 15, 1906.

Application led February 23, 1905. Serial No. 248,360 l .'Z'o all whom ity/nay concern:

' Be it known that l, JOHN G. OALLAN, a citizen of the United States, residingat Lynn, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts,

- haveinvented certain new and useful ImrovementsV inV Governing Mechanism for 4luid-Actuated Motors, of which the followw ing is a specification.

The present invention relates to valve lmechanism for elastic-fluid motors, and has for its object to provide animprovedvalve mechanism for controlling the admiss1on oi motive fluid thereto in accordance with the "the direction ofthe arrow. Fig. 4 is a per* spective view of the emergency-'valve and.

part of its actuating mechanism.' Fig. 5 is a 'perspective view, on an enlarged scale, of the trigger and cooperating parts arranged to cause the emergency-valve to snut on a predetermined increase'in speed; and Fig. 6 is a detail view of a part -oi the apparatus which is shown in Fig. 5.

' 1 represents the main. shaft of the turbine, on which is mounted a-bucket-wheel 2, having one or more rows of buckets for abstracting energy fromthe motive fluid. These ter.- Int buckets may be mounted on the sides or on the periphery of the wheel, as desired. In the 'present instance three rows ol peripheral buckets are shown; but a greater or less number. can be employed, if desired. Between the rows of wheebbuckets are other buckets,

be stationary l,or rotar in charace present instance the uckets are stationary and are carried .by the ,Wheel-case which may ing 4. The casing may be of any suitable construction and is provided with anexhaust opening 5. lIn'order to prevent the escape' of motive `fluid from lthe. casing vat pointsfadjacent .to

thewheel, suitablepackings 6 are employed,

l. which may engage with the hub of the wheel, as shown,'orw1th the shaft or vother part driven thereby. .On the end of the wheelshaftis mounted a governor or speed-responsive device 7, comprising pairs ol weights 8 and a suitable opposing spring. The weights are supported in a 'suitable framework 9, which also carries one or more lat springs 10, that actuate the emergency-valvewhen the speed of the-shaft exceeds a redetermined amount. These springs may ide and preferably are of the clock-spring type, as shown in Fig. 3. As the speed increases abnormally the springs wind. up and the free ends engage the trigger that causes 'the valve to close. Bolted to the side `of the casing is a valve chest 1 1, which is provided with an inlet-'pes sage 12, communicating ywith a source of fluidpressure and the passages 13 and .14,

cating with the fluid-discharge device 151 The said device is provided with one or more other motive fluid against the wheel-buckets.

The passages IS-and 14 in the present ar rangement supply motive fluid to four nozzie-sections, each passage supplying two sections. Ditferent arrangements may, however, be provided without departing from the invention. Formed in the valve-casing is a cylinder 16, which is closed at the lower end by a plug 17 and contains the pistonvalves 18 and 19. The 4former controls the admission of steam to the passage 14 and the latter .to the passage 13. passages are so arranged that the passage 13 mayvbe'entirely cut oil while the passage 14 is in service. I may use one, two, or more yvalves for regulating the admission of motive lluid to the rotating element or bucketwheel. the valves 18 and 19 is a tubular stem 2G. Mounted upon this stem above the u per controlling; valve is a sleeve 21.` shown in ig. 4.) This 'sleeve is secured to the tubular stem 20 by a pin or other suitable means and is provided with twoV projections with' slots 24', formed in extensions on the valve 25. Thepr'ojections 22 .and 23., `movscoping joint or .lost-motion lco'nne`ctio1`1,.so

(shown in dotted lines,) the latter communi 'ing in the slots 24,` in eiectconstitute a tele-l vpassages or sections which discharge'steam or The valves and Extending through the plug 17 and 'i est' 'y 22 and 523, which are adapted to register under side of the emergency y or shut'- oli' l projections 26 and 27- engage with shoulders- -vided with two cam projections 26 and in motion of the va Willen the valve 25 is moved upward 'with re` that the emergency or shut-off valve can move up and down with respect to the sleeve, and, conversely, the vshut-off valve may be locked in its open position while the controlling-valve movestoward and away from it in opening and closing its-ports. The projections also serve to valve in either direction about its axis as the tubular stem 20 is moved. In this `connection it should be noted vthat the tubular stem 20 has a reciprocating motion and also an oscillatory motion, as` will hereinafter appear;

The emergency or shut-ofi' valve is pro- 27, the upper ends of which are beveled to engage with projections 28, formed on the hubikev extension 29 of the head 30, the latter .containing a chamber for lubricant'. The hub l projection -is also provided with slots 31, somewhat after the fashion of a bayonetjoint. j The walls of one or both of the slots form stops for lirnitin the angular or twistve in both directions.

spect to the projection 29, the beveled ends of the projections 26 and 27, engaging with suitable beveled surfaces on the stationary projections 28, give it a slight twisting movement to the right. When the valve is ermitted to drop slightly, the'lower. ends o the ormed in the part 29. This tendency of the f'valve torotate to a given position is 'assisted by the coiled compression-spring .'32, of

which spring, the primary function is that of closing the valve 25 whenever it is released, as will be described hereinafter. It will be seen that the projections 26 27 on the valve and the shoulders on the stationary projection29 of thehead form a lock for holding the valve open and that the locking and unsis v rated with a lubricant.-

locking is accomplished stem 20.

The upper end of the tubular valve-stem ZO'eXtends into a head 30,'which, for convenience, also forms an oil or grease carrying chamber; but this latter feature can be ornitted,' if desired. The head is secured in place b a number of bolts, and between the body of7 each bolt and the surrounding metal is a certain amount of space, so that the head can be rotated for the purpose of adjusting the position of the trigger that releasesl the emergency or stop valve, as will appear hereinafter. The chamber of the headlis partially .filled with asbestos or waste which is satu- Any j leakage of steam into the chamber tends t'loat the oil vinto the open end of the valve-stem( 20 and convey it downward to a `point where it will .lubricate the portion of the stem passing rotate the shut-0H through the valvel'tially horizontal:

setting device 43 In order to reciprocate the controllingvalves 18 and 19, a connection in the form of a bell-crank lever 35 is provided, having a fulcrum 36. The lever is connected to the speed-responsive device 7 by a rod'37, having a ballon its outer end that able adjustable bearing in the lever. The le- .ver is made hollow andis filled with some fibrous material which acts as a wick to supply lubricant to the spherical bearing. Situ-- ated directly above the opening in the lever is an oil-hole 38, by means of which the fibrous material in the lever can be saturated with oil. The oil in the u per portion of the wick will lubricate the 'sp erical bearing lby gravis seated in a suitity, while the lower portionof the fibrous material will act as a Wick to. raise the oil sufli- Vciently in case the supply islow to lubricate the bearin In this way the supply of lubricant wil last for a considerable time.. The only channel of egress for lubricant fed from time to time intol lever space surrounding the rod4 37. As the oil gradually finds its way out of this opening it will be picked up by the currents of air due to the fan-like action of certain of the parts of the governor and will be thrown outward in fine spray, thus lubricating the parts of the governor.

The casing surrounding the governor and bell-crank lever is provided with a drainageopening on the under side, which may be valved or not, as desired. The rod 37 may be rotated with thev shaft-governor-or not, as desired. I may employ one or more suitable bearings or slip-joints between the rod, governor, and bell-crank lever 35. The bellcrank lever' is composed of two, rincipal parts 39 and 40, the former exten 'ng substantially vertical andthe latter substanmon to the two parts. To the part 40 of the lever is-secured a Hat spring 42, which engages a suitable surface on the portion 39 of the bell-crank' lever and normally holds the two parts together, as shown. The object of this arran ement is to permit the emergency or stop va ve to be reset by means of the rewith a handle 4,1, located outside the easing) irrespective of the position of the portion39 of the bell-crank lever and of the rod 37 and parts of the speed-governor. an arrangement the rod 37 might be buckled in setting the emergency-valve, and thusdestroy its usefulness.Y VZ'Inother cases the tension; of the spring'wouldbe too great to be Overcome by the resetting device. As the speed of the turbine. varies the'lower end ofv t 35 is through the The lfulcrum 46 is com-'- (the latter being provided Without such" IOO e bell-crank lever is moved back and forth according :to the conditions, and the motion is transmitted through' the bellcrank lever esente to the valvestem 2U, the latter moving the valves 18 and 19 back and forth over the supplypass ages to the nozzles, and thus varying the supply of motive fluid to the buckets. The operation ci the emergency mechant ismvwill now be described. fis has already been said, nthe steam-valve has a reciprocating motion ior controlling p'ui jioses and in addition to that an oscillatory motion. for o io erating the emergency or shut-oi valve. l.n Fig. 5 is shown a perspective oi the mechanism employed for oscillating the valvestem. v2() represents the lower end oi the valve-stern, which passes loosely through a block 43, the r 5 latter being provided with trunnions 44, that enter openings in and are supported by the forked end of the horizontal portion 40 ci the bell-crank lever. This bloclr is held between a shoulder or collar and a "lshaped piece zo 46, the latter having a square opening through. which the end of thel stempasses, and t ie Whole is secured in place by a screvwtbread and nut. it will thus be seen. that the -blocli 43 and lsha ied piece 46 move up and down. a 5 With the va vestem in response to speed changes occurring in normal governin The liront face 47 of t ie vertical portion ogthc "l shaped Apiece 46 ismade flat, and en raging .therewith is a projection or pin carried y the arm 48, thelatter being mounted upon. the s indie 4.9. On the opposite end of the spin eis a trigger 50, that is adapted to be actuated by the clock spring or springs 10, vFig. 3, mounted on the frame oi the shaft-governor.

j 35 The trigger 50 is normally held by the spring 51 in the path followed by the emergente or clock-spring governor when it is entende by y centrifugal :torce lat excessive speed. The spindle 49 is carried by suitable bearings 52, vas is clearly shown inFig. 2. f Thetrigger 50 extends through an opening formed in the stationary ring or damping device 53, the latter surrounding the shaft-governor and be ing located in the path oi the extended clock-- springs 10, Fig. 3. The object of this ring is to prevent the s rings from vibrating, strik ing the retracto trigger, and possibly brealru ing after the emergency or stop valve has been tripped by the trigger. Assuming that 5oi the trig er 5() is moved in the direction ofthe arrow', ig. 5, the pin 'on the arm 48 will enn f gage the face 47 oi the 'T-shaped piece 46 and oscillate the valveetem 20 in the direction of the arrow, and since thos'ieeve 21, Fig. 4, is

i -5 rigidly secured. to the stein it Will rotate the emergency or stopvalve .25 also in the direction oi the arrow, and this in turn will cause the projections 26 and 2'? to slip od the shoulders formed in .the .slots 31 in the stationary iece29, andthe compression-spring 32 Wi l orce'the valve downward and. close it, this closure being assisted by'tlie steain-pressure in theeonduit 12. Owing to the fact that the face 47 of the 'lsha ed piece 46 is vdat o5 and extends parallel to t e valveetein 2G, it

`tion or adjustment.

maires no dii'ierence what position the valvestein'occupies when the trigger is struck by the cloclrspring the shut-off valve will close. rl`his l consider to be an important feature of the invention. -When, it is desired to reset 7d. the emergency-valve, the arm 43a, Fig. 1, is rotated ina cioclrwise direction, which raises the outer end of the-part 4() of the bell-crank lever against the tension of the spring 42 until the projections 26 and 27 on the valve are 7 5 thrown into position to engage With the shoulders on the part 29, after Which the set device is moved to the os'ition shown. In resetting the shutoff va ve the steam to the supply-passage 12 should be eut ofi. 'It has 8o been, stated that lthe osition of the trigger can be adjusted from. t eoutside ofthe va vecasing by'adjusting the head 30. This is done in the following manner: Theretainingbolts are 'first loosened and theny th tated slightly in one direction or the other, as the casemay be Tliismotionfis transmitted to the valve-stein through the parts. 29, 25,y and 2l oi Fig. 4 and-rotating the valve-stem in one direction or the other will move the flat face 47 of the 'l'-shaped piece 46 at the end of the valvostem toward or away from the axis of the trigger-carrying spindle 48. Obvi, ously as the tace 47 is moved toward or away from the spindlethe an ular position of the arm. 48, and therefore ci the trigger 50,1 Will be changed. in other Words, the end of the trigger is nearer or farther awa from the axis oi thhe main shaft; and the critical speed of Y which the emergencygovernor operates is roo changed. The adjustment shown is a liinited one, because only a very slight adjustment is necessar but it can be increased, if de sired as Wi l be readily understood. The primary object, however, of moving the tri ger as described is to so place it that it Wil almost retreat Within the limiting and protect.- ing. orbit 53 when the emergencyfvalve is tripped. The action of the emergency-governor is,l as a rule, very nearly isochronous. It will be seen that the governor is mounted in a chamber which is cut oi from the steamspace and that the casing inclosing it can be `removed orrcplaced when the turbine lis 1n operation.` By inclosin'g the governor and y115 other parts as described they are protected tromV injury, as Well as from dust and dirt, and are yet readily accessible for exainina- I l may use my invention in connection with various forms of elastic izo iiuid motors, since it is not limited to the particular type shown. In event of its being used with a turbine it applies to reactionas Well as jet or impact machines or to maw V shines embodying the'features of both. V l l r2 5 in accordance. with the provisions ci the patent statutes I have described the priuciple ci operation `oi my invention,y together with the a paratus which l now consider to represent t e best embodiment thereof; but i39 bination of a desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means. What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a governing mechanism, the com'- bination of a controlling-valve, a shut-bilE valve, a sing ev actuator for actuating the controlling-valve and tripping the shut-off valve, anda means' for moving the actuator. 2. In a governing mechanism, the lcomcontrolling-valve, a shut off valve, a governor, and a lever actuated 'by the governorwhich moves the vcontrolling'- valve underino'rmal conditions, and the shutoil1 valve under abnormal conditions. i

3. A Huid-actuated motor in combination with.` a regulating-valve, a shut-olf valve, an actuator' common to the valves, a speed-responsive device acting through the actuator to move the regulating-valve to govern the motor, and a second speed-responsive device sion of motive acting independently of the rst for actuating the shut-oil' valve through the actuator.

4. A fluid-actuated motor, in combination -with a regulating-valve, a shut'- oli" valve, an actuator common to the valves, a speed-responsive device for reciprocating the actuator and the regulating-valve to govern the admission of Huid to the motor, and a second speed-responsive device acting under emergency conditions to close the shut-ofi valve.

5, 'In a governing mechanism,the combination of a valve for controlling the admisiuid to the bucket-Wheel, a shut-oil' valve, an actuator common to the valves, a load-responsive device, and a means actuated by the load-responsive device for ply of motive fluid, and

movement to the actuator ltor closing thev reciprocating theactuator to control the supfor imparting rotary shuttmg-oif valve. l

' 6. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a reciprocating valve for controlthe admission of motive fluid to the `buclret-Wheeha shut-off valve, a valve-stem through which the piston and shut-O valves i '.bination o 'ing the controlling-valve, an

are actuated, and a speed-responsive device.

which reciprocates the stem for governing the supply of motive fluid and rotates it'for actuating the cut-oil' valve.

7. Ina

valve, a speed-responsive device for actuatactuator which is common to the valves, and an emergencygovernor actuated by the shaftfor turning the shut-0H valve about its axis by means of the actuator When it is desired to'operate it.

S, A Huid-actuated -motor' in combination` Witha regulating-valve, a shut-off actuator common to both olding the shut-oil valve valve, an valves, a lock for open, a telescoperock the actuator and' overning mechanism, the com- I a controlling-valve, a shut-oil.

the shut-off valve, and a second speed-responsive device for moving the shut-off valve Without changing the positionof the controlling-valve.

10. In combination, a Huid-actuated mol tor, a speed-responsive device, a valve controlling the admission of :fluid to the motor, a support for the'valve, a projection or lock between the valve and support arranged to hold the valve in al and a connection between the speed-responsive device and the valve for disengaging the valve and projection or lock.

11. In combination, a fluid-actuated motor, a speed-responsive device driventhereby, a valve controlling the admission of fluid to the motor, a support for the valve, a lock for holding the valve in a given position, a cam for setting the valve, and a stop for limiting the movement of the valve.

12. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a shut-olfA valve, a lock for holding the valve in an open position, and a means responsive to abnormal increases in s eed for rotating the valve in a direction to un ook it and ermit thesame to close.

13.` Ih a governing mechanism, the cornbination of a controlling-valve, a shut-olf valve, a single stem for reciprocating the control g'- valve and releasing the shut off valve, a lock for the shut-oil' valve which is controlled by the stem, and a spring for seating the shut-off valve.

14. In a .governing mechanism, the cornbination of a controlling-valve, ashut-off valve, a lock Which normally holds the shutoff valve open, a means for closing the valve,.. and a lever actuated by the governor for moving the controlling-valve and releasing the shut-oil' valve.

driven thereby, avalve controlling the admission of fluid predetermined position,

IOO

to the motor, a hollow lever transmitting mo- 'i tion from the speed-responsive device to the valve, a casing lnclosing the speed-responsive device and lever, and a means for supplying lubricant tothe interiorofthe lever for 1u ricati'ng' the parts. a Y

16e.v n a governing mechanism, vthe combination ofa Valve, a vspeed-responsive device, a connection between the valve and said devioe,and a'means for lubricating the joint between the connection and the device which also supplies the lubricant for the stem therefor having suitable guides, a lubricant-containing chamber which communicates With the interior of the stem and discharges lubricant into it, as the Water due to condensation rises in the chamber, and a speed-responsive device for moving thesteni and the valve.

18. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a valve and its casing, a tubular stemthereor having suitable guides, a lubricant-containing chamber which communie cates with the interior of the ystem and discharges lubricant into it and to the guides, as

the Water due to expansion and condensation rises inthe chamber,`a passage discharging lubricant and Water from the valve-stein into the Wheel-casing, and a speed-responsive de vice for moving said stem and valve.

19. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a controlling-valve, a shut-oit valve,v a stem that is common to both valves, a speed-responsive device, a connection between the speed-responsive device and the valve'stem composed of tWoV principal parts which are Vmovable With` respect to each other, a means for actuatingthe shutoii` valve, and a device for resetting lthe shut-oilI valve Which acts through the said connection.

20. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a shut-.off valve, a speed-responsive device, a stem for, movi-ng the valve, a twopart lever connected to the valve and the speed-responsive device, an emergency governor for causing the valve `to close, and a device acting upon one portion of the lever for resetting the valve.

21. In a governingmechanism, the combination of a controlling-valve, a stem for actu 'ating it, a governor, a ltwo-part bell-crank lever for operating the valve, oneV art being connected to the valve and the ot er to the overnor, and a chamber in one part of the ever which carries lubricant for the governor.

22. `In a governing mechanism, the combination of a shut-off valve, a governor, .a trig-l geractuated by the governor for closing the valve, a casing Which incloses. the trigger and '-governoi, and ain'eans'located external to l f'ss I tien to the st em for adjusting' the position of the tri ger-with respect to the governor.

2a. n a governing mechanism, the'combination of a valve, a speed-responsive device -valve is actuated.

for moving the valve, a casingwhicli incloses the valve, and means exterior of the casing for changing theV critical 25. In combination, a fluid-actuated mo tor, a speed-responsive device driven by the motor, a valve controlling the admission of fluid to the motor, a stem Jfor the valve, a lever attached to the'speed-responsive device which. is provided with a forked end, and a trunnion-block located in the fork, which is attached to the valve-stem.

26. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a shut-ol` valve, a governor, a stem :lor actuating thefvalve, a lever which connects the stem With the governor, a block pivotally mounted in thelever through Which the valve-stem extends, a means attached to the valve-stem for oscillating it,"a trigger acting on said means to oscillate the valve-stem, and a means sensitive to s eed variations for moving the trigger when t e speed exceeds a predeterminedv am cunt.

27. In combination, a fluid-actuated motor, a speedresponsive device driven theree by, a valve controlling the admission of fluid to the motor, a support for the valve, a lock for holding the valve in a'given position, a' cam for setting the valve, a sto for limiting the movement of the valve, .an ia spring for seating the valve when. the lock is released.

speed at which the 28. In combination, a itluid-actuated niotor, a valve-chest mounted thereon, a valve mounted therein, a speed-responsive device driven by the motor, means transmitting motion from thev speed-responsive device to the valve, and a support for the means Which iscarried bythe valve-chest.

29. In combination, a Huid-actuated motor, a speed-responsive device/driven by the motor, a valve actuated by the speederesponsive device for controlling the motor, a perrorated stem for the valve, a head through which the stem passes, and an opening com municating with the perforation in the stem and the motor-casingso that leakage around `the stem is conveyed into the motor-casing.

30. In a governing mechanism, the combi nation of a movable element, a valveforregulating the action of the motive luid upon the element, a second valve for shutting off the fluid to said element, an actuator which is reciprocated to move the regulating-valve and oscillated to move the sl1ut-off valve, and a load-responsive device for moving the actuator.

31. A 'fluid-actuated motor, in combination With a regulating-valve, a shut-off valve, an actuator common to the valves, and means responsive to load changes acting through the actuator to move the regulating-valve and also the shutoff valve.

32. -A 'fluid-'actuated motor, in combination -with a regulating-valve,- a shut-oil valve, a stem common to both valves, and a load- IOC IOS

IIO

IZO

` responsive means for reeifprooating the stem common to the valves, and speed-responsive to move one valve and or oscillating it to means acting through the stem on thevalves. ro move the other valve. In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my 33. A luidlaetuated motor having indehand this 17th day of February, 1905.

5 pendent admission-ports, in combination with l v JOHN G. `CALLAN.

valves larranged to move back and forth over Witnesses: A the ports and out them into and out of service J oH A. MoMANUs, Jr., successively, an emergency-valve; a stem i DUGALD MCK. MCKILLOP.;

Images