US1471076A

US1471076A - Valve gear

Info

Publication number: US1471076A
Application number: US384342A
Authority: US
Inventors: Planck William Everett Ver
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 1920-05-26
Filing date: 1920-05-26
Publication date: 1923-10-16
Anticipated expiration: 1940-10-16

Description

Oct. 16, 1923.

W. E. VER PLANCK VALVE GEAR Filed May 26. 1920 To Speed Governm- 48 4 5 Inventor William EZ.\/erPlancK,

' by @Zfirybwv;

' His AtLor-ne Patented Oct. 16, 1923.

UNITED STATES WILLIAM EVERETT VER PLANCKpOF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GEN- ERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

vA'LvE GEAR.

' Application filed May 26, 1920. 1 Serial No. 384,842

To all whom it may concern:

, Be it known that I, WILLIAM EVERETT VER PLANCK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenec tady, State of New York, have invented oer tain new and useful Improvements in Valve Gears, of which the following is a specificatio j Thepresent invention relates to valve gears such as areused to control the flow of elastic fluid to prime movers and has for its object to provide an improved structure and arrangement in an apparatus of this character. For a consideration of what I believe to be noveland my invention, attention is f directed to the accompanying description and the claims appended thereto. 1

' spective view of certain parts.

. portion of the turbine is shown but it. will In the drawing, 'Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic Y view, partly in section and parly in'perspective, of a structure and arrangement embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 is a per- While my invention is adapted for use in connection with prime move-rs generally, it is more particularly intended for use in connection with elastic-fluid turbines and it is this applicationof it which I have specifically illustrated in the drawing.

- Referring to the drawing, 5 indicates an elastic-fluid turbine to which operating fluid is admitted through a conduit 6. Only a beunderstood that it may be a turbine of any suitable type. The shaft of the turbine is indicated at 7 and a distorted viewof the same is shown in order to illustrate the in vention. It will be understood that this is a shaft of the ordinary type and arranged in the ordinary manner.

' In conduit 6 is an emergency valve 8 and; a controlling valve 9. Emergency valve 8 is shown asbeing a clapper valve fixed on a shaft 10- pivoted in the valve casing and biased toward closed position. vOn an end of shaft 10 is fixed an arm having a head 11 which projects between furcations 12 and 13 on one end of a lever 14 loosely mounted on shaft 10. The other end of lever 14 is connected by a rod 15 to an arm 16,cast integral with a hollow shaft 17. The shaft 17 is carried in suitable bearings in a frame which is supported by the turbine structure, but for the sake of clearness the supporting frame has been omitted from the drawing. Carried by shaft 17 is an arm 18 to which is connected one end ofa sprin 19, the other end belng connected to' a fixe part of the turbine structure, such as for example, the eye 20 projecting from the head of the turbine casing. On shaft 17 is a third arm 21 to the outer end of which is connected a rod! 22 which extends down adjacent to the turbine shaft and has a catch 23 at its lower end with which engages the nose 24 of a trip lever 25.

(not shown), and nose 24 is biased to a position in engagement with catch 23 by a coiled spring 28 which is wound about shaft 27 engaging at its ends a fixed member 29 and at its central portion the trip lever 2'5.v The lower end of trip lever 25 extends in prox- 'imity to shaft 7 and carried by shaft 7 is a spring plunger 30 which, in case of excess speed, is adapted to fly radially outward by centrifugal force and strike the end! of the trip lever thereby knocking nose 24 out from engagement with catch 23. Spring plunger 30 is a well-known type of emergency governor and is illustrated only by way of example. It will be understood thatany suitable tripping arrangement which responds to the speed of the turbine may be used for cooperating with trip lever 25.

'When'the parts are in the positions shown in Fig.- 1, spring 19 is held under tension by rod 22 which rests on nose 24, and valve 8 is held 'open by furcation 12 which engages head 11, In case of excess speed, plunger 30v apart so that when the parts are in the position shown in the drawing, furcation 13 is some distance from head 11. In.case,,for any reason, valve 8 sticks then when furcation 13 strikes head 11 the valve will be given a blow which will start it toward closed position, and, if necessary, positively move it to closed position.

Controlling valve 9 may be of any suitable type and its stem 31 is connected to a admission chamber 37 and beneath it is a discharge chamber 38. 39 IS a pilot valve be closed by a valve 52.

is an admission conduit 36 which communi.-

cates with cylinder 33 on the side of piston 32 opposite to that on which spring 34 is located. Above admission conduit 36 is an sleeve having openings 40 and 41 which --communicate with admission conduit 36 and The lower end of admission chamber 37. sleeve 39, opens directly into discharge chamber 38. Admission conduit 36 and ad mission chamber 37v are of greater width than'the diameter of sleeve 39 s that fluid in conduit 36 and chamber 37 entirely'sur rounds" the sleeve and has access to all the openings in it. In pilot valve sleeve 39 is a speed governor or other means for moving pilot valve 43 for the purpose of regulating the opening and closing of valve 9. Ordinarily rod 47 will be connected. to a suitable speed governor such as a fluid pressure aetuated governor, a fly ball governor, or other type of device responsive to the speed of the turbine. Such arrangements are well known and require no specific illustration.

One-end of elbow lever 46 is pivoted on a fixed bracket 48 and the other end is connected by a link 49 to a stem 31 of valve. 9. This forms a usual follow-up device connection such as is customary in connection with this type of apparatus. Adjacent admission chamber 37 is a supply chamber 50 which communicates with chamber 37 through an opening 51 which is adapted to Fluid under pressure issupplied to supply chamber L50v through a pipe 53 which may lead from any suitable source of fluid pressure such as, for example, the forced feed lubricating system of the turbine.

In the wall which separates admission conduit 36 from discharge chamber 38 is an opening 54 which .is normally closed by valve 55.

Valves

52 and 55 are carried by a single stem 56, and the arrangement is such that when valve 55 is closed valve 52 is open and vice versa. Normally valve 52 is held open and valve 55 closed by an arm 57 fixed on a shaft 58 journaled in thecasing of the pilot valve structure; Interposed between the end of arm 57 and valve 55 is a spring 59 through which arm 57 holds valve 55 seated so that-the same is held yieldingly on its seat. Loosely mounted on shaft 58 is a lever 60 provided with a nose 61 which projects over an arm 62 connectedto shaft 58. Connected t lever .60 is a rod 63 the lower end of which is connected to an arm 64 fixed on shaft 17; WVhen the parts are in the position shown in the drawing, nose 61 engages arm 62 and holds arm 57 in a position t maintain valve closed and valve 52 open. Leading from discharge chamber 38 is a discharge pipe 65 which may lead to any. suitable point. Ordinarily such pipe will. lead back to the oil supply tank of the lubricating system. EX- tending through hollow shaft 17 is a solid shaft 66 on one end of which is lived a hand shoulder 72 which forms a part of trip lever 25. Rod 71 is guided by suitable fixed guides or casing parts 73 and '74 and between part 73 and head is a spring 75 which normally holds head '70 up against part 69. This arrangement forms a manually operated trip device for the trip lever '25, and it will be clear that if hand lever 67 is moved in a clockwise direction, rod 71 will be forced downward against the action of spring 75 to turn trip lever 25 and release nose 24- from catch 23. Loosely mounted on shaft 66 is a resetting handle 76 having a shoulder 77 adapted to engage a lug 7 8 carried by hollow shaft 17. Handle 76 normally rests against a'suitable abutment-79 as shown in the drawing.

In operation fluid pressure is supplied by pipe 53 to supply chamber 50 from whence it flows through opening 51 to admission chamber 37. Assume that the turbine is operating and that valve 9 is open a predetermined amount sufiicient t maintain the desired speed; also that rod 47 is connected to a speed governor in the usual manner. If now the speed increases. rod47 will be lowered thereby raising pilot valve 43 and uncovering openings 40 s as to connect admission conduit 36 through openings40to discharge chamber 38. This will permit fluid to escape from cylinder 33, relieving the pressure somewhat on the end of piston 32 thereby permitting spring 34 t move pivoting on the upper end of rod 47. On

the other hand, in case the speed decreases, rod 47 will be moved upward thereby lowering pilot valve 43 and connecting admission conduit 36 through openings 40 and 4] with admission chamber 37. This will admit fluid pressure through admissionconduit 36 to the cylinder 33 moving piston 32 against the action of spring 34 to open further valve 9. As will be readily understood, this forms a pilot valve controlled fluid actuated motor fora'egulating the control means of spring 19 as already explained, this immediately lowers rod 63 which holds 'valve 55 closed and valve 52 open moving nose 61 away from arm 62' and permitting valve 55 to open and valve 52 to close. As a result the supply of fluid pressure to the fluid actuated motor, that is to admission chamber 37, is shut ofi while admission conduit 36 is connected directly through opening 54 to discharge chamber 38 and discharge con duit 65; The fluid ressure on piston 32 is thus immediately re ieved to permit spring 34 to close valve 9. By this arrangement it will be seen that whenever the emergency valve 8 is tripped the controlling valve 9 is automatically closed.

When shaft 17 turns in tripping the valve gear, lug 7 8 moves around adjacent to shoulder 77 on resetting handle 76. v To reset the valve gear it is only necessary to turn handle 76 so as to turn shaft 17 in an anti-clockwise direction. This lifts rods 22 so nose 24 can drop under catch-23, puts spring 19 under tension, opens valve 8, and closes valve 54 and opens valve 52. A single movement of the resetting lever thus serves to restore all the parts to their normal set positions.

It will be noted that lever 60 and rod 63 are not positively connected to the parts which hold valve 55 closed and valve '52 open, and that when the valve gear is tripped lever 60 is free to move. away from such I parts leaving valve 55 free to open and valve 52 free to close.

Likewise lever 14 is not positively connected to valve 8 but'has a lost motion connection therewith equal to the angular distance between h d 11 and furcation 13. This lost motion connection is sufficiently great that when shaft 17 turns,

valves

55 and 52 will be released prior tothe time when furcation 13 strikes head 11. By this arrangement should valves 55 and '52 stick in the positions shown in .the drawing, it will not interfere with the actuation of valve 8; and likewise should valve 8 stick Open it will not interfere with the operation of

valves

55 and 52. In general, when of both valves 8 and 9 failing at the same .ratus shown is only timeto operate is very remote, and as already pointed out the operation of one valve does not depend on the operation of the other.

Furthermore, it is to be noted that my improved trip mechanism is simple in structure and operation, requiring but a single operating spring 19, and but a single movement of the resetting lever 76 to reset the apparatus.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now considerto represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the appaillustrative, and that the invention may e carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,--

1. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying elastic fluid thereto, an]

emergency valve and a control valve in said conduit, means for holding the emergency valve open, means for tripping said holdingmeans, a fluid actuated motorfor the control valve, a pilot valve for the fluid .motor, means biasing said control valve to closed position, and means operated by said tripping means for relieving the fluid pressure on said motor independently of said pilot valve and permitting the control valve to close.

2. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying elastic fluid thereto, an emergency valve and a control valve in said conduit, means for positioning the control valve to regulate the prime mover, means forholding the emergency valve open, means which when released ermits the control valve toclose indepen ently of said positioning means, and mechanism which when actuated operates both said means to effect the closing of said valves. s 3. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying elastic fluid thereto, an emergency valve and a control valve in said conduit, means for holding the emergency valve open, said means having a lost motion connection with said valve, means which when released effects the closing of the control valve, and mechanism which when actuated operates both said means.

4. In combination, a'prime m'over, a conduit'for supplying elastic fluid thereto, an emergency valve and a control valvein said conduit, means for holding the emergency valve open, means for tripping said holding means, a fluid actuated motor for the control valve, a pilot valve for said motor,

means biasing said control valve toward closed position, a "valve which when actuated relieves the fluid pressure on said motor independently of said pilot valve, and

means operated by said tripping means for actuating said last named valve.

-5. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying elastic fluid thereto, an emergency valve therein, means having a lost motion connection with said valve for holding it open, a spring connected to said means which acts to move it in a direction to close the emergency valve, tripvmechanism for holding said means against the action of the spring to maintain said emergency valve open, a control valve in said conduit, which is biased toward closed position, a fluid actuated piston for opening said control valve, a pilot valve controlling the admission of elastic fluid to said piston, a 'valve independent of the pilot valve adapted to relieve the pressure on said piston, and actuating means for said last named valve controlled by said trip mechanism.

6. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying elastic fluid thereto, an emergency valve therein, means having a lost motion connection with said valve for holding it open, a spring connected to said means which acts to move it in a direction to close the emergency valve, trip mechanism for holdin said means against the i action of the spring to maintain said emergency valve open, a control valve in said conduit, which is biased toward closed po- I sition, a fluid actuated piston for opening said control valve, a pilot valve controlling the admission of elastic fluid'to said piston, avalve independent of the pilot valve adapted to relieve the pressure on said piston, and means which engages said last named valve to hold it closed but can move from engagement therewith to permit it to open, said trip mechanism acting to hold such means in a position tomaintain the last named valve closed.

7. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying elastic fluid thereto, an

emergency valve and a control valve in said conduit, both said valves being biased toward closed positions, a fluid actuated mo-' tor for said control valve, avalve for relieving the pressure on said motor, a lever for holdingsaid emergency .-valve open, a

lever for holding said relief valve closed,

spring actuated means connected to said levers and acting on them in a direction to trip means for holding saidspring actuated means in a position to maintain said emer- -gency valve open and said relief valve closed.

8. In combination, a'prime mover, a conduit for supplying elastic fluid thereto, an emergency valve and a control valve in said conduit, both said valves being biased toward closed positions, a fluid actuated motor for said control valve, a valve for relieving the pressure on said motor, a shaft, means associated with said shaft for holding said emergency valve open and said relief valve closed, and trip controlled means for turning said shaft to effect a closing of said emergency valve and an opening of said relief valve.

9. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve in said conduit, means biasing said valve toward closed position, a fluid actuated'motor for opening said valve, a pilot valve controlling the flow of operating fluid to said motor, and "alve means independent of the pilot valve for shutting ofl the supply of fluid pressure to the pilot valve and relieving the pressure on the fluid motor.

10. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve-insaid conduit, means biasing said valve toward closed position, a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, a rod connecting the piston to said valve, means biasing the piston toward a position to close the valve, a pilot valve casing, a pilot valve therein for controlling the flow of motive fluid to said cylinder, and valve means in said casing for relieving the pressure in said cylinder independently of said pilot valve.

11. In combination, a prime mover, a con duit or supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve in said conduit, means biasing said valve toward closed position, a cylinder, a

piston inthe cylinder, a rod connectingthe I connected to said casing, and a valve means in-said casing for closing said last-named supply conduit and connecting said cylinder tov said discharge conduit.

12. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto,

a valve in said conduit, means biasing said piston to said valve, means biasing the.pis-- ton toward a position to close the valve, a pilot valve casing, a pilot valve therein for controlling the flow of motive fluid to said cylinder, a valve means in said casing for relieving the pressure in said cylinder independently of said pilot valve, and auto matic means responsive to an operating condition of the prime mover for operating said valve means.

13. In combination, a prime mover, a

conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto,

a valve in said conduit, means biasing said valve toward closed position, a cylinder, a.

piston :in the cylinder, a rod connecting the piston'to said valve, means'biasing the. piston toward a position to pilot valve casing, a pilot valve therein for controlling the flow of motive fluid to said cylinder, a conduit for supplying motive fluid to said casing, a discharge conduit connected to said casing, means forming a passage which connects said cylinder directly to said discharge conduit, a valve in said passage, and automatic means responsive to an operating condition of the prime mover for operating said last named valve.

14. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve in said conduit, means biasing said valve toward closed position, a cylinder, a-

piston in the cylinder, a rod connecting the piston to said valve, means biasing the piston toward a position to close the valve, a pilot valve casing, a pilot valve therein for controlling the flow of motive fluid to said cylinder, a conduit for supplying motive fluid to said casing, a discharge conduit connected to said casing, means forming a passage which connects said cylinder directly to said discharge conduit, a valve in said passage which is biased to open position, and means for moving said holding means away from such valve to permit it to open.

15. In combination, a prime mover, a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto, a valve in said conduit, means biasing said valve toward closed position, a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, a rod connecting .the piston to said valve, means biasing the piston toward a position a pilot'valve casing, a pilot valve therein for controlling the flow of motive fluid to said cylinder, a conduit for supplying motive fluid to said casing, a discharge conduit connected to said casing, means. forming a passage which connects said cylinder directly to said discharge conduit, a valve in said passage which is biased to open position, means normally holding it closed, and automatic means responsive to an operating condition of the prime mover for moving said holding means away from such valve to permit it to open.

close the valve, a

means normally holding it closed,

to close the valve,

16. In combination, a prime mover, a concontrolling the flow of motive fluid to said cylinder, a conduit for supplying motive fluid to said casing,""adischarge conduit connected to said casing, means forming a passage which connects said cylinder directly to said discharge conduit, a valve in said passage which is biasedto tion, an emergency valve in said first-named conduit which is biased to closed position, and means holding the valve in said passage open posi-,

closed and said emergency valve open, said means being adapted to move away from such valves to permit the onevalve to open and the other to close.

17. In combination, a prime mover, a. conduit for su plying motive fluid thereto, a valve in sai conduit, means biasing said valve toward closed position, a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, 'a rod connecting the piston to said valve, means biasing the piston toward a position to close the valve, a pilot valve casing, a pilot valve therein for controlling the flow of motive fluid to said cylinder, a conduit for supplying motive fluid to said casing, a discharge conduit connected to said casing, means forming a passage which connects said cylinder directly to said discharge conduit, a valve in said passage which is biased to open position,

an emergency valve in said first-named conduit which is biased to closed position, means holding the valve in said passage closed and said emergency valve open, biasing means which acts to move said holding means" away from such valves, a catch for holding said means againstthe' action of said biasing means, and means responsive to an abnormal operating condition of the prime, mover for releasing said catch.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 25th day of May, 1920.

WILLIAM EVERETT m risers