US1194312A

US1194312A - Wilhelm pape

Info

Publication number: US1194312A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1916-08-08
Anticipated expiration: 1933-08-08

Description

w. PAPE.

ELASYIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13 1915.

I, i @%.,31 2 n Patented Aug. 8, 1916.

inventor": \Nllhelm Papa,

his aqttorngg.

Cit.

WILHELM PAPE, 0F CHARLOTTEN'BURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

riaaaia,

Application filed July 13, 1915.

To all whom/it may concern:

Be it known that I, IVILHELM PAPE, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Charlottenburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

. The present invention relates to elastic fluid turbines, particularly steam turbines, from which elastic fluid is extracted or drawn off from an intermediate stage for industrial purposes.

In the following specification the invention is described in connection with steam turbines, but it will be understood that it is not so limited.

In such turbine installations the extraction conduit is connected to an intermediate stage of the machine and a suitable overflow valve mechanism is employed between the extraction .stage and the next lower stage which is automatically regulated to maintain the pressure in the extraction stage constant. In connection with such turbine installations it is also customary to .provide some means for automatically maintaining the pressure in the extraction conduit constant; 2'. 6., maintaining the steam supply, when the turbine is temporarily shut down, as for example when the emergency valve is tripped in case of over-speeding brought about, for instance, by the load being suddenly taken OK the turbine. This pressure may be maintained constant in the extraction conduit by admitting live steam directly thereto, or. in case other machines are operating in parallel, by extracting more steam from them, or both means may be used. In any event, however, it would be dangerous to have low pressure steam flow from the extraction conduit back through the low pressure end of the turbine at a time when its load was off, as this would cause racing, which, as is well known, may cause dangerous strains or even result in substantial injury to or destruction of some of the parts, and to obviate this danger a suitable non-return valve is ordinarily provided in p the extraction conduit. I have found, however, that owing to the fact that the nonreturn valve is only called into play at long intervals of time, there is possibility of its sticking open or failing to close completely at the desired time, and hence it is a source of more or less danger.

Specification of Letters Iatent.

Patented Aug. s, rate. Serial No. 39,724.

The object of the present invention is to provide. an improved arrangement of regulatlng and controlling mechanism for such an elastic fluid turbine which will operate in case the non-return valve fails to functron properly to effectually protect the turblue from the possibility of racing and inury due to such cause. To this end I provide a controlling mechanism which, in case the speed of the turbine rises above a predetermined maximum, will operate to positively close the overflow valve, and thus prevent steam from flowing from the extract1on -conduit through the low pressure end of the turbine in case of failure of the nonret urn valve to operate. In addition to this, I may also provide an emergency trip or shut-off va -.e in the extraction conduit between the non-return valve and the turbine, which valve is automatically closed when a certain maximum speed is reached. It be operated independently'of, or in connection with, the mechanism which 0perates the overflow valve.

For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and the claims appended thereto.

In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 1s a more or less diagrammatic view 1n outline and partly in section of" an embodiment Referring to the drawing, 3 indicates the high pressure end and 4 the low pressure end of an extraction turbine. 5 indicates the steam chest to which live steam flows by way of conduit 6, and 5 the exhaust conduit which leads to a suitable condenser (not shown). Located in the steam chest is a suitable valve mechanism comprising series of valve seats 7 upon which the valves 8 rest. The valves 8 have a common operating stem 9 which passes freely down through them and carries a series of collars 10 arranged to successivelv pick up the valves ano lift them from their seats. lihe stem 9 extends through the top wall of the steam chest and is connected to the piston 11 of a fluid motor.

12 indicates the cylinder of the motor, and 13 the usual pilot valve having its stem .14 connected to a floating lever 15. One end travel of'the motor.

' the header 18 and may. represent an eXtrae-' fly valve.

1.? indicates an extraction conduit connected with an intermediate stage 'of the turbine, as hereshown, the first stage. In the present instance it is shown as leading to a header 18 from which conduit 19 conveys steam to a point or points of consump' tion forindustrial purposes. J i

.20 indicates a second conduit leading to tion .conduit from .a second machine operating in parallel withthe first. Arranged ih conduit 17- is a suitable non-return valve 21 which closes in case steam tends 'to flow from the header back toward the turbine. In the conduit is also shown 'anemergency shut-off valve 22which may be of any suitable type and controlled in any suitable manner to close in case of excess speed. In the present instance it is shown as .a butter- Connected with the conduit 17 is a pipe 23 through which live steam may be supplied to the extraction conduitto keep up the pressure therein when the supply of steam from the turbine fails. In this pipe is a valve-124 which is arranged to function automatically for the desired purpose. To thisend the valve 24 may be arranged as shown in Fig. 2 wherein a balanced valve is shown having its stem connected to a piston 24 moving in a cylinder 24*. The valve is biased toward closed position by the pressure exerted on the lower side of the piston 24, which is the pressure a of the extraction conduit 17 Connected withthe valve stem and tending to open the valve is .an adjustable weight 24. This weight is so adjusted that with normal pressure in the extraction conduit 17 the valve 24 will be held closed. In case, however;

this pressure drops slightly, the weight 24 will besufficient to overcome-the pressure in the lower side of piston 24 and forces the valve toward o en position.

25 indicates a usual type of overflowfvalve arranged between the extraction stage and the next lower withits stem '26 connected'to the piston 27 ofa fluid. ope-rated motor-r I .28 indicates the cylinder of the motor and 29: the. pilot valve having {its stem 30 connected to one end-of leverj 3l pivoted at 32. The lother endof'lever 'lalis connected to the'stem j of the. pressure responsive device 33 which may be {off any suitable structure and 'op- --erates in the usualv manner to regulate the overflow valve to maintain the pressure inthe extraction- ;stage at the desiredvalue.

:The pilot valve 29 has a sliding sleeve 34 which carries the. ports of thepilotfvalve 'formed as an extension of the pilot valve motor 45 connected to pipes 41 and 42 by

pipes

46 and 47. That is; this motor is connected I in parallel with the motor made up of piston 36 and cylinder 37 and is controlled by the same pilot valve. It will be understoodthat this valve device 22 is something in addition to the means f0r closing the overflow valve and may be used or not as found desirable.

During normal operation the supply of s'teamto the turbine will be controlled by the speed governor 16 in the usual manner and the overflow valve 25 will be regulated by the pressure-responsive device 33 to maintain the pressure in theextraction stage at the desired value. The sliding sleeve 34 will remain stationary owing to the fact that during normal operation the pilot valve mem "bers 39 are not moved sufiiciently by the non-return valve 21 the valve 24 will be closed. If for any reason the load on the turbine should fall suddenly or go ofl the speed governor will operate to shut oil the valve mechanism which controls the supply of live steam to the turbine. At the same time, the supply of steam to the extraction conduit will be maintained by the valve 24 automatically opening, or by a machine connected in parallel supplying more steam through conduit 20. It now the non-return valve should stick or fail to close completely permitting steam' to pass through the extraction conduit to the turbine tending to cause it to race, then the speed governor which; has already operated to close oif the [supply of live steam will cause the piston 11 got-the motor to move down' still farther -'(this'bei ng possible since the stem 9 slides ireely'through the valve member 8), to operate the-pilot "valve comprising cylinder 38 and .valves 39 which in turn admit fluid above the piston 36- causing it to lower sleeve 34, thus admitting fluid above piston 27 to positively seat the overflow valve 25.

Atthe sane time, fluid will pass by way of P the valve 22/ I In accordance with the'provisions of the patent-statutes, I have described the prinpe 46 to the motor 45, operating it to close ciple of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

1. In an elastic fluid turbine having an extraction conduit connected with an intermediate stage, and an overflow valve between such stage and the next lower, the combination of a valve mechanism controlling the supply of elastic fluid to the turbine, a speed governor for regulating said mechanism, a pressure responsive device which regulates the overflow valve independently of the speed governor, and means controlled by said speed governor for positively closing the overflow valve after the governor hasclosed said valve mechanism in case the speed exceeds a predetermined maximunm.

2. In an elastic fluid turbine having an extraction conduit connected with an intermediate stage, and an overflow valve between such stage and the next lower, the combination of a valve mechanism controlling the supply of elastic fluid to the turbine, a speed governor for regulating said mechanism, a

motor having a pilot valve for operating the overflow valve, a pressure-responsive device for regulating the pilot valve, a sliding sleeve which carries the ports of the pilot valve, and means regulated by the speed governor for moving the sliding sleeve in a direction tocause the motor to positively close the overflow valve in case the speed exceeds apredetermined maximum.

3. In an elastic fluid turbine having an extraction conduit. connected with an inter mediate stage, and an overflow valve be-- 5 tween such stage and the next lower,the combination of a valve mechanism controlling the supply of elastic fluid to the turbine,

said valve mechanism having a stem capable of independent movement after said valve mechanism is closed, a speed governor for controlling the movements of the stem, a pressure=responsive device for controlling the overflow valve, and means which is operated when the stem is moved by the speed governor after the valve mechanism is closed to positively close the overflow valve.

4. In an elastic fluid turbine having an ex traction conduit connected with an inter1nediate stage, and an overflow valve between such stage and the next lower, the combination of a valve mechanism controlling the supply of elastic fluid to the turbine, a speed governor, a non-"return valve in the extraction conduit, an emergency shut-off valve in the extraction conduit located between the non-return valve and the turbine, a SPQQQ governor which controls the valve lnechanism, and means controlled by the governor for positively closing the overflow valve and also closing" the emergency shut-off valve when the speed exceeds a predetermined maximum.

5. In an elastic fluid turbine having an extraction conduit connected to an intermedi .ate stage, a non-return valve in sald conduit,

sure-responsive device for controlling it, the

pilot valve of said last-named motor having a sliding sleeve which carries its ports, and a fluid motor for moving said sleeve having its pilot valve controlled by the movement of the first-named motor.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto'set my hand this 15th day of May, 1915.

WILHELM PAPE.