US823210A - Turbine-motor. - Google Patents

Description

No. 823,210. PATENTED JUNE l2, 1906,

FLETCHER.

TURBINE MOTOR. APPLIOATION'HLE'D APB.27,1904.

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'the handle of the same.

NATHAN W. FLETCHER, OF CHICAGO HEIGHTS,

ILLINOIS, AssIGNoR To TURBINE MOTOR TOOL COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPO- RATION OF ILLINOIS.

ivo. 823,210.

Spcification of Letters Patent.

, TURBlNE-MOTOR.

Patented June 12, 1906.

Application filed April 27, 1904. Serial No. 205,098.

To @ZZ whom, it muy concern,.-

Be it known that I, NATHANW. FLETCHER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago Heights, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Motors; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description thereof, referenee being had to the'accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in turbine-motors of that class in which the rotative part or member of the motor is provided with a plurality of annularly-arranged blades or buckets, and the stationary part thereof is provided with a plurality of'delivery openings or nozzles operating to direct the series of jets of air or other fluid under pressure against the said blades or buckets.

The apparatus herein shown as embodying my invention is of small and compact form and is designed more particularly for use in connection with or as part of a portable polishing or grinding tool.

The novel features of my invention are, however, applicable to motors or turbines used for other purposes.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure l is'a view in side elevation of a grinding or polishing machine equipped lwith'a motor embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan View thereof; Fig. 3 is a sectional view thereof, taken upon line 3 3 of Fi'g. A1. Fig. 4 is a detail section taken upon line 4 .4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail section taken upon line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6. is a detail side view of the central hollow spindle upon which the rotative part of the engine turns. detail side view of the plug whic enters one end of said hollow spindle. Fig. 8 is a view of the endwise-movable actuating member which forms part of the governing device. Fig. 9 is an end view of the part shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a view of the sliding weights forming part of the governing device sepa- Fig; 11 is a view of the central valve-rod. Figy12 is aview of Fig. 13 isa perspective view of a cap having a cam-flange through which said rod is givenendwise movement.

y D indicates .Fig. 7 is av As illustrated in said drawings, A indicates the stationary or non-rotative body or member of the motor, which isof circular or disk form, and B 'indicates the rotative member or wheel thereof, form of a flat disk and is provided at its periphery with a series of curved blades orbuckets b, which project from the side face of the disk toward the stationary part'A and are attached to a supplementary annular supporting-ring B. Said rotative member B is attached to a central hub B2, which turns on a' central hollow spindle C, that is secured in a central aperture in the body A and rojects therefrom so as to afford a bearing or the central sleeve or hub B2.

In the particular construction herein illustrated, wherein the motor forms part of a hand polishing-tool, the stationary bodypormotor is supported as follows:

tion A of the a ilat horizontal base plate 4or block provided with two rigid u rights or supporting standards D D2. shaped body part A is provided with a radially extending lug or projection A', which is engaged with a horizontal pivot-pin D3, secured in the upper end of the standard D. Said body portion A is also provided at a point ,diametrically opposite the lug A with an extension or arm A2, which projects radially from the side margin of the bodyporhe diskssA which has the generalV tion A and is adapted for contact with the side face of .the standard D2, which latter standard is provided with a slot d, concentric-with the pivot-pin D3, and with a clamping-screw D4, which passes through the slot d and engages the arm A2, so that the body of the motor may be adjusted and clamped in a desired position with respect to the supporting plate or block D. The grinding or polishing apparatus shown is adapted to act on the horizontal surface on which the block or plate D rests and for this urpose is provided-witha horizontal sha t E, carrying a grinding or polishing wheel E and mounted 1n a rigid sup orting-arm E2., which is attached to the ody portion A of the motor and 'projects beyond the pivot-stud D3 which forms a fulcrum about which the shaft E moves when the motor is shifted relatively to the plate D to effect adjustment of said grinding-disk E with respect to the work.

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The parts of the grinding or polishing machine heretofore referred to form the subject-matter of a separate applicationfor patent iiled Simultaneously herewith and form no part of the present invention.

f l Now referring to the arrangement of the parts by which the air or pressure iluid is directed to and acts upon t e buckets b of the rotative member or wheel B of the motor the 1o disk-shaped body A of said motor is prowvided with an annular portion or flange A, Figs. 3 and 5, which project or extend within the annularly-arranged buckets b, so that said buckets are located radially outside of said annular part Aand move in a circular path exterior thereto.

zo of the central sleeveC t transverse passages f, i with the central axis of the motor toward the 2 5 margin ofthe annular Ipart A3 and which com- I 3o side margins of t 3 5 jacent to but ends of municate with outlet or discharge passages Fig. 5, which are arranged obliquely with respect to radial lines ofthe wheel and which are located in a lane midway between the e buckets, so that the jets of air or pressure iiuid passing from'the outer said discharge-passages f act centrally on the several buckets. The inner mar-y gins of said buckets are arranged closely adout of contact with the smooth exterior cylindric surface of said annular part A3, in which the outlet ports or o enings j" are formed. Air is supplied to tiie central hollow spindle C by means of an air-supply 4o passage G, which extends radially of the body 4 5 through part through the arm Al hereinbefore de' scribed and also through a hollow handle G and communicates with a supply-pipe G2. At its inner end the passage G communicates, a hole coincident therewith, with the interior or bore of said hollow spindle C.

Th'egeneral operation of the main parts of the motor above described is like that of similar impact-motors, the air or other i'luid sup-- plied under pressure through the supply-pipe G2 passing inwardly through the passage G, then through the interior space of the hollow vspindle C a'fnd radially outward through the passages F and transverse passages f to the exit-passages f and impinge on the faces of the buckets, which are preferably curved, as shown, so as to change the direction of motion of the jets, which latter leave said buck ets n1 a rearward direction-with respect to the 6o direction of rotation of the said wheel.

New referring to the governing or regulating device for controllingthe speed of the motor which forms art of my invention the same is constructe as follows: Within the 6 5 valve-chamber formed by the hollow spindle C is located an endwise-movable valve-rod H, which extends through the outer end of said spindle. Said rod H is provided with aff'cylindric piston h, which fits and slides endwise l within the said valve-chamber and is located-5:

at the side of the passages F remote from the inlet-passage G. Endwise movement of said spindle H in a direction to carry the piston h over` the ports F F serves to partially or wholly cut oil the passage of air to said ports, while endwise'movment of the said spindle H in the opposite direction serves to open or uncover said ports. Said piston h therefore forms, with the passages or ports, a regulating valve. Said spindle H isalso provided with a second piston 7L', slides within the hollow interior of the spindle C and is located outside of the passage G. From this construction it is manifest that air entering the said valve-chamber through the passage G is conlin'ed within the space between the pistons h and 7L', and as such air acts with equal pressure on both piste.- s the valve formed by the piston 7L and the passages F F is a balanced valve, requiring o more pressure to effect its movement in one direcf tion than the other.

Within a cylindric casing I, attached centrally to the disk or wheel B, islocated an endwi'seinovable valve-actuating member J the same, as herein shown7 havin-g a conical body and a cylindric rod or stem J f which ente-rs or slides within a central bore or guide-opening c, formed in the adjacent end of the hollow beariug-spindlc C. The inner end of said stem J bears against the adjacent end ofthe which likewise its and rod H, which is made conical and engages a conical bearing-recess in said stem J 1, so that the actuating member J may turn on the valve-stem H with a minimum of friction. In the drawings the end of the stem J is shown as provided with an antifriction-ring of hard metal, for contact with the conical end of the rod H. The head or body of the actuating Amember J is rovided with a conical recess .7,

Fig. 9. Wit 1in said. recess are placed two centrifugally-acting weights K K, each of which is made of triangular form and has an outer oblique edge in contact with the oblique end wall or .surface of the conical recess j, an inner margin parallel with the central axis of the motor, and an outer face at right angles to said axis and arranged in bearing-contact with a fiat bearinfflate I, which is secured to the outer end oft le cylindric casing I, and the inner face of which is perpendicular to said axis of rotation of the motor.

. The central hub B2 of the bucket-wheel B is shown as mounted'on the end of the stationary spindle C through the medium of ballbearings, which areformed as follows: On the said hollow spindle C, adjacent to the body A of the motor, is formed an integral flange c', shaped to form an annular track or bearingsurface c2 for a series of antifriction-rol1ers b',

, the opposite direction or into position to open.

.sired. The centraljguideaperture c'for'the pliedto the'end ofthe hollow spindle C. 4 The ed connection with the end of the hollow spindle C, which extends outwardly beyond the ous that byproperly saale 1 o which are located between said annular track or bearing-surface, and alike annular track or bearing-surface b, formed inthe adjacent end of the hub B2. At the opposite end of said hub B2 is formed a like annular bearing-:snrface b-, while the spindle C is provided with an annular flange c3, having an annu Ear bearing-surface c4, between which and the surface b are located antifriction-balls b2. Said annular fiange c3 and bearing'- surface c4 are formed upon a separate plug C', which is inserted in the end of and has screw-threaded engagement with the hollow spindle C. Said plug C being removable from the hollow spindle enables the rotativevwheel B to be removed from Isaid hollow spindle when destem of the endwise-movable actuating member is shown .as'formed within the plug C. In the operation of these parts the weights Ky K when thrown or moved radially outward by centrifugal actionslide outwardly on the in'ner face of the bearing-plate I', andvtheir oblique outer margins acting on the oblique bearing-surfaces 7'2 of the actuating member J serve to give inward endwise movement to said actuating member, which latter acting on the end-of the valve-rod H moves the same endwiseand carries the piston 7L inv a direction` t0 cut -Off the passage of air to the passages F F. Movement of said valve-rod` H in the passages F F is effected by means of a spring suitably applied to act on said rod. Said spring is herein shown as consisting of a spirally-coiled expansivelyacting spring L, interposed between the balancing-piston h onsaid valve-rod and a cap M, which is ap-` said'cap M is shown as having screw-threadbody A-of the motor and as being provided witha set-screw m, by which the cap may be held rigidly in place when adjusted to a desired, position. By adjustment of the 'said cap` M the tension of the spring L may be regulated as desired.

The. purpose of the regulating device described, is to prevent the motor from turning at a speed greater than that desired and to vcontrol the vspeed of rotation thereof when the motor is doing nowork-as, for instance, when the grinding-tool driven thereby isfree from contact with the work-it being obviadjusting the spring L so that it will yield under the action of the centrifugally-acting weight K when the desiredspeed is exceeded the passage of air from the interior of the hollow spindle C to the openings F will be cut off to the extent required for supplying the air in quantity necessary to drive the motor at a desired maximum speed; but when the speed of rotation of the motor is reduced through the l resistance afforded by the'tool in ailing the As an additional improvement. `extend* the valve-rodV through the cap M and provide 'said cap withtwo exterior flanges M',

having inclined or cam-shaped edges m,'as clearly shown in the vpers ectivel view, Fig. 13. I also provide the en of the valve-rod H which projects outside of said cap attached double handle or leverN, through which the rod may be turned andthe arms of which are adapted to bear upon or engage the said cam-flangesM M', being held in contact therewith by the spring L. It follows from this construction that when the lever or handle N is turned by the hand o f the operator it will by the action of the cam-flanges against which it bears have the effectof moving the valve-rod endwise in aY direction to carry the M with a rigidlyvalve-piston hover the inner ends'ofthe passages F, and therebyy close the-same.'

The handles or levers Non the valve-rod, in connection with the cam-flanges M or like station ary camfsurfaces otherwise arranged or attached a means for positively cutting off the supply of air or pressure fluid'to the rotative wheel of the motor, so that thelatter maybe stopped and started at any time by merely turning the said handle or lever.

Thejpurpose of making the centralh'ollow spindle C as a part separate from the body A ofthe motor is to enable thc said hollow spindle to be vmade of hard metal, such as toolsteel, adapted to provide a suitablyedurable bearing and wearing-surface for the sliding pistons 7iy 7L therein and to facilitate the construction of the bearing for the rotative wheelB. 5 y

The radial passages F in the body A of the motor may be readily formed by boring radially inward from the exterior of said body and afterward closing the outer ends of the holes made by means. of plugs g2. The transversepassages f may be likewise formed by boring inwardly from the outer faces of the said body A and closing the outer ends of the holes by plugsfs. i

The details of construction in the motorv shown may be modified in various particulars without departure from my invention, and I j do not desire to be limited to the particular details of construction shown except so far as the saine may beset forth in the accompanying claims as part of my invention.,

claim as my invention- 1. A turbine-motor comprising a rotative wheel or member having aseries of annularlyarranged blades or buckets, a non -rotative member provided with a supply-passage and with a discharge-passageha'valve to the body of the motor, serve as IOO IIO

said valve-stem, a valve-actuating 'carried by the said rotatlve member, and a controlling said discharge-passage, a valveactuating member turning with the rotative member of the motor, a spring applied to move said valve-actuatin member in one direction, and a centrifugal -acting governor- Weight of Wedge form adapted to slide radially on the rotativemember and acting on the valve-actuating member to move the same against the tension of the said spring.

2. A turbine-motor comprisin a non-rotative and rotative member'7 sai non-rotative member being provided With a central valve-chamber, with a' discharge-aperture and with a passage leading from said valveclamber to said discharge-aperture, and the rotative member having a series of annularly-arranged blades or buckets, and With a central bore in alinement with the valvechamber `in the non-rotative part, a sliding piston in the non-rotative part, which forms with the inner end of the passage 'leading thereform, a controlling-valve, an endwisemoving, valve-actuating, member in said central bore of the rotative member, and a centri'fugally-acting Weight carried by the rotative member and giving endwise movement to the said valve-actuating member.

3. A turbine-motor comprising non-rotative and rotative members, said non-rotative member being provided with a valve-'chamber, and with a discharge-aperture, and the rotative member having a series of' annularly-arranged blades or buckets, a sliding piston in the valve-chamber for controlling said discharge-aperture, a valve-stem attachedV tosaid piston,V a balancing-piston on member centrifugally-acting weight -carrled by the rotative member and acting to give movement to said valve-actuating member.

' 4. A turbine-motor comprising'non-rotative and rotative members, the non-rotative member being provided with a discharge-aperture, with a central valve-chamber in communication with the supply-passage and with said discharge-aperture, and the rotative member having a series of annularly-arranged blades or buckets, a sliding piston in said valve-chamber, and a valve-rod connected with said piston and extending to the exterior of said non-rotative member, for operating the said piston.

5. A turbine-motor comprising non-rotative and rotative members, said non-rotative member being provided With'a central hollow spindle forming. a valve-chamber and which projects beyond the face of said non-rotative member and forms a bearing for the rotative member, with annularly-arranged dischargeapertures, and discharge-passages leading from the said valve-chamber to the discharge-apertures, and the rotative member having aseries of annularly-arranged blades or buckets located adjacent to said annuji l l.

-ing-spindle which projects larly-arranged discharge-apertures Aof the` said non-rotative member.

6. A turbine-motor comprising non-rotative and rotative members, said non-rotative member having an annular, laterally-extending flange or projection -.provided with an eX- terior cylindric surface and'discharge-apertures in said annular surface, and said nonrotative member also. havin a central bearterefrom Within the said annular projection, and the rotative member having a central hub Which is located Within said projection and hasbearing engagement with said bearing-spindle and is provided at its outer margin With a series of blades or buckets arranged exterior to the said annular projection.

7. A turbine motor comprising non-rota- -tive and rotative members, said non-rotative member being provided With aseries ofannularly-arranged discharge-apertures, with a central valve-chamber and With deliverypassages leading from said valve-chamber to said discharge-apertures, and the rotative member with a series of blades or buckets arranged adjacent to said discharge-apertures, a sliding piston in said valve-chamber, a valve-rod attached toI said piston, and means for giving endwisemovement to the valverod embracing a cam-surface on the non-rotative 'member and a radial arm on the said valve-rod adapted to engage said cam-surface.

8. A turbine-motor cbmprising non-rotative and rotative members, said non-rotative member being providedwith a series of annularly-arranged discharge-apertures, with a central chamber and with delivery-passages leading Jrom said valve-chamber to said discharge-apertures, and said rotative member being provided with a series of buckets arranged adjacent to said discharge-openings, a sliding piston in said valve-chamber, a valverod attached to said piston, and means for giving an endwise movement to the valverod embracinga cam-surface on the non-ro-A tative member and a radial arm on the said valve-rod adapted to engage said cam-sur- IOO IIO

face, said valve-rod being provided with a tive and rotative members, said non-rotative member being provided With a series of annularly-arranged discharge-apertures, with a central valve-chamber and with deliverypassages leading from said valve-chamber to said discharge-apertures, and the rotative member with a series of buckets arranged adjacent to said discharge-apertures, a sliding )iston in' said valve-chamber, a valve-rod attached to said piston, a balancing-piston on said valve-rod, means for giving endwise movement to the valve-rod embracing a camsurface on the non-rotative member and a radial arm on the said valve-rod adapted to szazlo tative member provided with annularly-arranged discharge-apertures, and a rotative member provided with an annularly-arranged series of blades or buckets, said nonrotative member being provided with a central valve-chamber, with a supply-passage communicating with said valve-chainber,`and with deliverypassages leading from said valve-chamber to said discharge-apertures and a balanced-controlling-valve embracing two connected pistons. adapted to slide within said valve-chamber, A

11. A rotative motor embracing non-rotative and rotative members, the non-rotative g 4member being provided with a central valve- Azo 'chamber communicating with a supply-pasy sage and with a delivery-passage leading from said valve-chamber, an endwise-sliding valvepistonin said valve-chamber adaptedto coact with the said inner end of said passage to form a regulating-valve,` means embracing a centrifugally-acting weightcarried by the rotative'member for giving endwise movement to the said valve-piston in one direction and an opposing spring Jfor giving movement to said valve-piston in the opposite direction.

12. A rotative motor embracing non-rotative and rotative members, said non-rotative member being provided with a central Avalvechamber which communicates with-a supplypassa'ge, and with a delivery-passage leading outwardly from said valve-chamber, an endwise-movable valve-rod in said valve-chainber providedy with a valve-piston, also with a counterbalanced piston and means for giving endwise movementy to said valve-rod, ein- .bracing a centrifugally-acting weight which turns with the rotative member of the motor and a spring which acts endwise on sai d rod in opposition to the said centrifugally-act-ing Weight l. A rotative motor embracing non-rotay tive and rotative members, said non-rotative member being provided with a central valvechamber and with a deliveryassage leading from said valve-chamber, a s iding piston in said valve-chamber Jforming with the inner end of said discharge-passage, a regulatingvalve, an endwise-movable' actuating member arran'ged centrally of and turning with the rotative member of the motor, centri'f ugally-act'mg weights, mounted to slide radially in the rotative member, and acting on an oblique surface of the valve-actuating member to give endwise movement thereto, and a springvapplied to act on said valve-piston in ppposition to the said vcentri'iugally-acting weight.

14; The combination with the rotative and non-rotative members of a motor, of a regulmember an( llating-valve comprisingy a sliding piston and means for actuating said piston comprising a spring applied to move it in one direction, an endWise-movable actuating member which Aturns with the rotative member and which is provided with an oblique bearing-surface,

and a radially-movable centrifugally-acting weight, said weight being provided with an oblique bearing-surface engaging the corresponding obli que bearing-surface on the actuating member, and having a bearing-surface which slides on a corresponding bearing-surface on therotative member of the motor.

15. The combination with the non-rotative and rotative members of a motor, of a regulating-valve comprising an endwise movable valve piston, a centrifugallyacting weight carried by the rotative member of the motor and acting on said piston to move the same in lone direction, a spring applied to move the piston in the opposite direction, a valve-rod connected with said piston and eX- tending to the exterior of the stationary member, said stationary member being provided witli a cam-surface and the valve-rod with a radial arm or handle adapted to act upon the said cam-surface when the handle is turned.

16. The combination with .the non-rotative and rotative members of a motor, said non-rotative member beine provided with a valve-chamber, of a regu ating-valve comprising a piston adapted to slide inthe valvecliambci* an actuating-rod attached to said piston, a balancing-piston on said valve-rod, a centrifugally-aeting weight carried by the rotative member and acting on said valverod, a removable cap secured to the stationary member, and a spring interposed between the said cap andan opposing shoulder' on said rod.

17. The combination with the non-rotative and rotative members of a motor, said non-rotative member being provided with a central valve-chamber, of a regulating-valve comprising a piston which slides in said valvechamber, an actuating-rod attached to saidl piston, a balancing-piston on said rod, a centrifugally-acting weight carried by the rotative member and acting on said rod, a removable ca secured to the non-rotative iiprovided with an aperture for the passage of the valve-rod, a spring `interposed between the cap and a shoulder on the piston, a cam-surface on the non-rotative l member and a radial arm on the outer end of the valve-rod adapted to engage the said camsuiface. Y i

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I allix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this lthday of April,

NATHAN W. FLETCHER.4 Vitnesses:

C. CLARENCE PooLE, GERTRUDE BRYCE.

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