US794612A

US794612A - Turbine.

Info

Publication number: US794612A
Application number: US22342804A
Authority: US
Inventors: Richard H Goldsborough
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1904-09-06
Filing date: 1904-09-06
Publication date: 1905-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 1922-07-11

Description

No. 794,612. PATENTED JULY 11, 1905.

R. H. GOLDSBOROUGH.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILE SEPT. 6, 1904.

5 SHEETS--BEEET l.

inventor.

'munesses Q [M2] /mr @if z Emmen No. 794.612. PATENTED JULY 11, 1905. R. H. GGLDSBOROUGH.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 1904.

5 SHEBTB-SHEET z.

w'vhwowg g a @armena No. 794,612. YATENTED JULY 1l, 1905.

R. H. GOLDSBOROUGH.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION F'ILED SEPT. 6', 1904.

5 SHBETS-SHEBT 3.

No. 794.612. PATENTED JULY 11, 1905. R. H. GOLDSBOROUGH.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6. 1904.

5 SHEETS--SHBET 5.

Inventor witness C. M M Y UNITED STATES Patented July 11, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 794,612, dated July 11, 1905.

Application led September 6, 1904. Serial No. 223,428.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, R101-IARD H. GoLDsBoR- oUGH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbines, of which the following is a speciiicati-on.

My invention relates to compound types of turbines; and it consists in the parts,constructions, and combinations herein described and claimed.

The objects of my invention are to provide a radial inward and outward flow turbine in which the difference in the radii of successive portions of radially-arranged steam-passages acts to produce advantageous changes in the condition of the steam iiowing therethrough and to maintain the steam at the several points along said passages in a condition of pressure and velocity necessary for a maximum efficiency of operation. In this construction the centrifugal force imparted to the steam-currents by the rotating walls of the passages augments the beneficial effects produced by the changes of radii in the successive portions of said passages, whereby friction of the steam against the walls of its passages or conduits is advantageously utilized.

A further object of my invention is to provide an improved construction in which the energy of the steam is utilized partially in the form of pressure and partly in the form of kinetic energy, with an avoidance of the excessive losses heretofore occurring through excessive and ineiiicient expansion and regeneration of the actuating-steam.

Afurther object of myinvention is to provide a simple, compact, and durable construction capable of operating in a highly economical manner at a relatively low vane speed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, and in which similar reference symbols indicate corresponding parts in the several views, Figure l is a vertical axial sectional view illustrating one embodiment of my invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the construction shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 5 5 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale, of the parts shown in the upper left-hand portion of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 7 7 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 8 8 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a'detail sectional view, similar to Fig. 4, illustrating a modified construction.

Referring especially to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the drawings, 56. 57, and 58 indicate a plurality of sets of turbine-wheels carried by a common shaft 59, which is suitably journaled in the two end members of the turbine-casing. The several Wheels of each set are shown constructed to provide two peripheral

annular recesses

61 and 62, having curved bottoms. Two concentric annular series of

vanes

63 and 64 are carried by the respective side walls ofthe annular recess 61 and extended axially therein, similar concentric annular series of

vanes

65 and 66 being shown within the recesses 62. Annular members 67, secured to the turbine-casing, are provided with annular steam-chambers 68, from which the steam is directed by a plurality of ports 69 at an efficient angle against the outer periphery of the outermost series of vanes 63. Stationary partitions 70, arranged Within the annular recesses 6l, carry annular series of stationary vanes 71 and 7 2, which are constructed to extend, respectively, betweeen the sets of moving

vanes

63 and 64. The stationary partition also carries a plurality of ports 73 in position to direct the steam at an eflicient angle outwardly against the inner periphery of the innermost annular series of movable vanes 64. Similar stationary partitions74 are arranged within the annular recesses 62 and carry ports 75 and 76, constructed, respectively, to direct the steam at an efhcient angle against the outer periphery of the outermost annular series of vanes 65 and the inner periphery of the innermost annular series of vanes 66. The stationary partition 74 also carries annular series of stationary vanes 77 and 78, constructed to extend, respectively, between a movable series of

vanes

65 and 66. A guide member 79 is positioned adjacent each stationary partition 7 O and provided with an annular guiding-passage 80, constructed to conduct the steam from the outermost annular series of movable vanes 64 to the entrance-orifices of the ports 75. A 1.00

similar guide-ring 81 is positioned adjacent each stationary partition 74 and provided with a guiding-passage v82, constructed to conduct steam fromvthe outermost annular series of movable vanes 66 to the entrance-orifices of a plurality of ports 83, secured to one of the walls 84 of an annular exhaust-chamber 85. Each wheel 58 carries two concentric annular series oi movable vanes 86, the outermost of which is arranged to receive the steam discharged inwardly through the ports 83, and the adjacent wall 84 of the exhaust-chamber carries an annular series of stationary vanes 87 in position to extend between said two annular series of movable vanes 86. As shown especially in Fig. 1, the turbine-wheels of each set, as well as the several sets, are rigidly clamped together to constitute a single rotating part by means oi' suitable clampingbolts 88 90 and spacing-sleeves 89 91. In

the operation of "this construction the steamy or other actuating medium is maintained at any desired pressure within the annular chambers 68, from which itis directed successively vradially inwardly and outwardly through the alternate series of vanes and ports. The annular stationary partitions and 74 of each set are shown provided with

interior chambers

92 and 93, constructed to receive a heating medium for imparting heat to the steam at dierent points along its passage through the turbine, the chambers 92 communicating with the chambers 93 in any suitable manner, as by pipes 95. Each chamber 92 is provided with suitable valve-controlled drain-pipes 96, the valves of which are preferably arranged to be actuated by a common operating-rod v97. The several chambers 93 are provided with exhaust-outlets 98, which may be a1'- ranged to discharge into the adjacent discharge-chambers 85. Steam or other heated medium is supplied by an independent supplypipe 99 to each of the chambers 92, from which it flows into the corresponding chamber 93 and finally exhausts therefrom. The parts can be so proportioned as to maintain any desired relation between the pressures of the heating medium in the chambers 92 and' 93 in order to transfer through the walls of said chamber suitable amounts of heat to the actuating-steam passing through the turbine adjacent thereto.

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 clearly illustrate a preferred construction of the vanes and ports or nozzles. Referring especially to Fig. 4, the movable vanes are shown secured to their turbine-wheels by bolts or rivets 100, which may be formed integral with said vanes or may eX- tend through said vanes and their annular shrouds 101. The stationary vanes 71 are shown formed integral with or suitably secured to an annular plate 102 of greater width than said vanes, said plate being preferably tapered at its outer edge for engaging a similar undercut groove in the partition 70, in

Fig. 7 shows a modication of the construction illustrated in Fig. 4. In this modification the several turbine wheels constitute disks 104, suitably secured to the turbineshaft 105. The several disks may all be duplicates by employing spacing-rings 105 of different widths between the Various adjacent pairs of disks. This modilication differs mainly from that illustrated in Fig. 4 in that it employs an additional turbine-wheel located medially'in the annular exhaust-chamber 85 and carrying on each side two annular series of moving vanes 106, which are arranged in coperative relation with stationary vanes 107 and ports 108, carried by the adjacent partitions 111. The stationary

annular partitions

109 and 110 employed in this construction correspond to the hollow partitions 70 and 74 (shown in Fig. 4) and carry stationary vanes and ports in a manner similar therewith.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, a plurality of sets of concentric annular series of vanes carried thereby, and 'means for discharging a Huid medium alternately radially inward and radially outward through the successive sets of concentric series of vanes, substantially as described.

2. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, a plurality of sets of concentric annular series of vanes carried by said rotor, a series of ports for directing a fluid medium against each of said sets of concentric annular series of vanes,v

and means for discharging a Huid medium alternately radially inward and radially outward through the successive sets of series of vanes and ports, substantially as described.

3. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, a plurality of sets of concentric annular series of vanes carried thereby, a series of ports for directing a liuid medium against each annular series of vanes of the several concentric sets, and means for discharging a fluid medium alternately radially inward and radially outward through the successive sets of series of vanes and ports, substantially as described.

4. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, a plurality of sets of concentric annular series of vanes carried thereby, an annular series of ports arranged between the several concentric series of vanes of each set, and means for discharging a fluid medium alternately radially inward and radially outward through the sets of series of vanes and ports, substantially as described.

5. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, a plurality of sets of concentric annular series IfO IIO

of vanes carried thereby and circumscribing inner annular chambers, the successive pairs of said annular chambers being arranged in communication alternately at their inner and outer portions, and means for discharging a fluid medium alternately radially inward and radially outward through the successive sets of concentric series of vanes, substantially as described.

6. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, a plurality of sets of concentric annular series of vanes carried thereby and circumscribing inner annular chambers, the successive pairs of said annular chambers being arranged in communication alternately at their inner and outer portions, a series of ports for directing a fluid medium radially inward against the concentric sets of vanes circumscribing each alternate annular chamber, and a series of ports for directing a fluid medium radially outward against the concentric sets of vanes circumscribing the annular chambers intermediate of said alternate chambers, substantially as described.

7. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, 4

annular series of vanes carried thereby, means for conducting a fluid medium alternately ra'- dially inward and radially outward through the successive series of vanes, and means for transferring heat to the fluid medium during such inward and outward flow, substantially as described.

8. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, annular series 0f vanes carried thereby, a series of ports for directing a fluid medium radially outward against certain of said series of vanes, a series of ports for directing a fluid medium radially inward against the remaining series of vanes, means for conducting a fluid medium successively through said several series of vanes and ports, and means for transferring heat to the fluid medium during its flow through said vanes and ports, substantially as described.

9. In a turbine the combination of a rotor, annular series of axially-extending vanes carried thereby, means for conducting a fluid medium alternately radiallyT inward and radially outward through the successive series of vanes, and means for transferring heat to the fluid medium during such inward and outward flow, substantially as described.

10. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor annular series of axially-extending vanes carried thereby, a series of ports for directing a fluid medium radially outward against certain of said series of vanes, a series of ports for directing a fluid medium radially inward against the remaining series of vanes, means for conducting a fluid medium successively through said several series of vanes and ports, and means for transferring heat to the fluid medium during its flow through said vanes and ports, substantially as described.

11. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor,

a plurality of sets of concentric annular series of vanes carried thereby, means for discharging a fluid medium alternately radially inward and radially outward through the successive sets of concentric series of vanes, and means for transferring' heat to the fluid medium during its ow through said vanes, substantially as described.

12. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, a plurality of sets of concentric annular series of vanes carried thereby and circumscribing inner annular chambers, the successive pairs of said annular chambers being arranged in communication alternately at their inner and outer portions, a series of ports for directing a fluidfmedium radially inward against the concentric sets of vanes circumscribing each alternate annular chamber, a series of ports for directing a fluid medium radially outward against the concentric sets of vanes circumscribing the annular chambers intermediate of said alternate chambers, and means for transferring heat to the fluid medium during such inward and outward flow, substantially as described.

13. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor,

a plurality of concentric annular series of vanes carried thereby and circumscribing inner annular chambers, ports for directing a fluid medium against the several annular series of vanes, means for discharging a fluid medium alternately radially inward and radially outward through the successive concentric series of vanes and their ports, and means for transferring heat to the fluid medium during such inward and outward flow, substantially as described.

14. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, a plurality of concentric annular series of vanes carried thereby and circumscribing inner annular chambers, ports for directing a fluid medium against the several annular series of vanes, means for discharging a fluid medium alternately vradially inward and radially outward through the successive concentric series of vanes and their ports` and means for transferring heat to the fluid medium on its path of flow in varying amounts proportionate to the temperature and condition of the fluid medium at such points, substantially as described.

15. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, a plurality of sets of concentric annular series of vanes carried thereby, means for discharging steam alternately radially inward and radially outward through the successive sets of concentric series of vanes, and means for regenerating the steam-pressure intermediate of the several sets of vanes, substantially as described.

16. In a turbine, the combination of a plurality of sets of concentric annular series of vanes, annular passages circumscribed by said concentric sets of vanes, and an annular charnber extending radially inward from said pas- IOO IOS

IIO

sages and connecting the same, substantially ferring heat to the fluid medium'vduring such as described. inward and outward How, substantially as de- 17. `In a turbine, the combination of a rotor, scribed.

av plurality of sets of concentric annular series `In' testimony whereof I afHX my=signature in 5 of vanes carlried thelreby,V means for (ischdargpresence of two witnesses.

ing steam a ternate y radially inwar an radially outward through the successive sets of RICHARD H' GOLDSBOROUGH' concentric series of vanes, means for regen- Vitnesses:

erating the steam-pressure intermediate of the G. AYRES,

IO vseveral sets of varies,4 and means for trans- CHARLES LOWELL HOWARD.