US893149A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

- ITO-893,14!)- v PATENTED JULY 14, 1903.

. J. w. DOUGHERTY.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6,1907- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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No.-s9s,149. PATENTED JULY 14, 1908.

' I. w. DOUGHERTY.

STEAM TURBINE, APPLIOATION FILED June, 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEBT2.

a9 F I 5 WITNESSES; INVENTOR.

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' PATENTED 111M114, 1908. J. W. DOUGHBRTY.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 6,1907;

3 SHEETS-SHEET a.

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wM/zywv/mzz .j w y JAMES WILLIAM DOUGHERIY, OF MCKEESPORT, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 14, 1908 Application filed June 6, 1907. Serial No. 377,638.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES WILLIAM DOUGH- ERTY, a citizen of the United States, residing in McKeesport, in the county of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Steam or Elastic-Fluid Pressure Turbine, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fluid pressure turbines, its object being to provide a simple, practical and eflicient means for introducing the live steam or elastic fluid in position to be directed radially against the blades; to reduce the leakage of steam or elastic fluids past the nozzles or blades to a minimum, and to improve this class of machines in other respects, all as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of the turbine with the u per half of the outer shell or casing remove Fig. 2 is a side view of the turbine; Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line CD Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line A-B Fig. 1 Fig. 5 is a partial section 1 taken on the line EF, Flg. 3.

In the drawings the numeral 1 designates the lower half of the shell or casing and 5 the upper half of the same. In the upper half 5 of the shell or casing there are pipes 28 for conveying a fluid to the annular grooves 3 in the shell for the purpose hereinafter set forth. In the lower half 1 of the shell are the eX- haust outlets 6 and the steam or elastic fluid inlets 2. Said exhausts and inlets may be cast integral with the lower half of the shell. Preferably cast integral with the lower half 1 of the shell are the semi-circular disks 11" with the inlet 2 formed between the same. The semi-circular disks 11 are bolted to the semi-circular disks 11 by means of the bolts 15 and said semi-circular disks when united together in this manner form the passage 27 inclosed by the walls 17 forming part of the disks 11 and 11 At each end of the passage 27 are the discharge openings 13. The semicircular disks 1 1 are connected by the webs 31.

Secured by the bolts 22 to the disks formed by the semi-circular disks 11 and ll' 'are the stationaryblade disks 10 and 10*. Within said stationary disks are the annular grooves 40.

Mounted on the shaft 24 are the rotary disks 19. Bolted by bolts 23 to said rotary disks are the blade disks 9 and 9 The disks 9 and 9 are provided with the annular grooves 42. Within the grooves 40 and 42 are the loosely mounted rings 34 and 36. The blades 39 are secured within the disks 9 .the shaft 24 are the collars 21.

thereby forming a rigid and substantially in te al connection.

t is apparent that if the stationary and the moving blades on one set of the turbine disks be arranged in the opposite direction to the stationary and moving blades of the other set of disks the reversal of the direction of rotation of the turbine may be accomplished by alternately opening and closing the throttle valves 8 connected to the source of fluid supply. The disks 19 are secured by keys 20 to the shaft 24 which is journaled in boxes 14 fitted to brackets 29 on the shell or casing.

On the lower half of the shell or casing are the bosses 30 with holes formed therein for bolts to secure the turbine to a suitable foundation.

By the arrangement of piping, valves and connections to the inlet passages to introduce the fluid pressure between the turbine disks independent operation of any one or more sets of the turbines may be secured. Economy in the use of the steam-or other fluid can be secured by cutting out one or more of the sets of turbine disks when the duty to which the turbine is subjected is small enough to 'ustify such a procedure, which can be readily accomplished by closing one of the throttle valves 8.

The pipes 28 leading to the annular grooves 3 provide means for preventing the air entering the shell or casing where the shaft 24 emerges therefrom. The fluid used in the annu ar groove may be water, and fitted on The collars being slightly smaller than the annular grooves 3 permits a thin film of water adhering to the sides of the collar to be carried around and completely fill the space between the collars and grooves, thereby preventing air from entering the shell or casing when the turbine is operating with a condenser.

In the operation of my improved turbine the steam or elastic fluid enterin the main pipe 4 passes thence by the thrott e valves 8 and fittings to the inlet passages 2 leading to the passages 27 where it discharges through openings 13 into the circular rows of stationary nozzles or blades 25, whence it is delivered against the circular rows of moving blades 39, producing rotation of the shaft 24. This manner of the steam entering the circular roWs of stationary nozzles and discharging in circular rows of moving blades is carried through a convenient number of stages to absorb as much. of the energy in the steam as practicable until it is finally discharged into the shell or casing whence it enters the condenser or escapes to the atmosphere through exhaust outlet 6.

By the employment of the rings fitting in the annular grooves in the blade disks I prevent the leakage of steam past the ends of the nozzles or blades, thereby decreasing the loss of steam.

' lVhat I claim is 1. In a fluid ressure turbine, the combination of a shel or casing divided longitudinally into tWo or more parts, stationary disk segments forming when assembled a central steam passage, b ades carried by said disks, and rotating blade disks secured to the shaft.

2. .In a fluid ressure turbine, the combination of a she or casing divided longitudinally into two or more parts, stationary disks Within said shell or casing, said disks being divided longitudinally and providing, When assembled, a central steam passage,

blades carried by said disks, and rotating blade disks secured to the shaft.

3. In a fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a shell or casing, semi-circular disks cast integral With said shell or casing and having a fluid supply opening, upper semicircular disks secured to said lower disks and forming a central steam supply passage with which said fluid opening communicates, turbine blades carried by said disks, and rotating blade disks secured to the shaft.

4. In a fluid. pressure turbine, the combination of a shell, or casing, a shaft, stationary disks in said shell, rotating disks on said shaft, inner disks removably secured to said rotating disks, and blades carried by said inner disks and said stationary disks.

5. In a fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a shell or casing, a shaft, stationary disks in said shell, outer disks reimwably secured to said stationary disks, blades carried by said outer disks, rotating disks on said shaft, inner disks removably secured to said rotating disks, and blades carried by said inner disks.

JAMES WILLIAM llOUGllllll'lY.

Witnesses:

MARTIN H. YEs'rER, HUGH DOUGHERTY.

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