US1018667A

US1018667A - Elastic-fluid turbine.

Info

Publication number: US1018667A
Application number: US63546611A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles Ocean Johnson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-06-26
Filing date: 1911-06-26
Publication date: 1912-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 1929-02-27

Description

G. 0. JOHNSON.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

- APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1911. 1,018,667. Patented Feb. 27, 1912.

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COLUMBIA FLANOIIRAPH 20., WASHINGTON. n. c.

. tmirnn STATES PATENT OFFICE. I

CHARLES OCEAN JOHNSON, OF MOUILLE POINT, CAPE TOWN, CAPE COLONY.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES OCEAN J OHN- SON, a subject of the King of England, residing at Mouille Point, Cape Town, Cape Colony, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in elastic fluid turbines, and the objects are, firstly, to produce a turbine which may be readily reversed, secondly, a turbine in which the fluid enters at the longitudinal center thereof and flows axially to both ends thus equalizing the thrust, thirdly, a turbine in which the high pressure of the fluid is utilized in primary velocity or impactwheels and the low pressure of the fluid in reaction vanes or wheels, fourthly, a turbine in which no difliculty will exist with regard to the packing at the shaft ends for the reason that the temperature is very low at these parts, and finally, a turbine conveniently adapted for running at slow or reduced speeds by shutting off portions of the fluid supply, the remainder working at full pres sure.

According to this invention the turbine is provided with an impact-wheel of comparatively large diameter with inward flow attached to the longitudinal center of a cylinder forming the rotor of the turbine, to the ends of which the shaft is bolted or otherwise secured. At each side of said impactwheel is arranged a series of impulse and reaction parallel flow-rings comprising moving and fixed blades of ordinary type through which the fluid from the impactwheel flows and exhausts through a passage at each end open to the condenser. The impulse and reaction rings at each side of the central impact-wheel are equal in number and increase equally in diameter in a direction away from said wheel, thus eliminating end thrust on the shaft. Reversal of direction is effected by other impact-wheels, one at each end of the rotor, and similar in construction to the aforesaid central impactwheel, and the driving fluid from each of Said reversing impact-wheels flows through a small number of impulse and reaction rings to the condenser, or if preferred the exhaust from the impact-wheels may pass directly into the condenser.

An embodiment of the invention is repre- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 26, 1911.

Patented Feb. 2'7, 1912. Serial No. 635,466.

sented in the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of my improved turbine with parts in elevation. Fig. 2 is a section on the line AA of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a section on line B B of Fig. 1. p

In said drawings: 2 designates the rotor in the form of a hollow cylinder, to the longitudinal center of which are secured the sides of the central impact-wheel 3 as by means of rivets or bolts 4. The impactwheel is provided at its periphery with blades or buckets 5 in the usual manner and the sides of the wheel are provided with a series of exhaust apertures 6 through which the driving-fluid passes after performing its work on the blades.

The driving-fluid passes in at 7 into a valve chest 8 in which is a slide-valve 9 having a spindle 10- operated by any suitable valve-gear (not shown) said valve controlling the admission of the fluid through

ports

11, 12 and 13, each serving about one third the circumference of the impact-wheel by means of passages 14:, 15 and 16 respectively and flaring nozzles 17 leading from said passages and communicating with the wheel vanes.

The impact-wheel and all the other oper-- ative parts of the turbine are inclosed by a casing 18 formed in halves bolted together and to which are fixed the rings of blades 19 coacting with rings of blades 20 secured to the periphery of the rotor. These rings as shown are equal in number on each side of the central impact-wheel and increase equally in diameter as they are removed from said wheel. The fluid from apertures 6 passes through said

blades

19 and 20 in the known manner and finally exhaust through passages 21 in the casing to the condenser.

The reversing impact-wheels are located at each end of the rotor 2 and are similar in construction to the main or central impactwheel, each comprising sides 23 attached to the rotor as by rivets or bolts 24 and having peripheral blades or buckets 25 and exhaust apertures 26 through one side. The fluid for reversing enters at 27 to valve chests 28, each containing a slide valve 29 operated by spindle 30 by means of any suitable mechanism (not shown), the

valves controlling passages

34, 35 and 36 each serving about one third the circumference. of the wheel. through flaring nozzles 37. After exhausting from the reversing impact-wheels through apertures 26 the fluid acts on

blades

38, 39 secured respectively to the casing 18 and rotor 2 and finally discharges through the passages 21 into the condenser.

4O designates holes in the periphery of the rotor 2 to prevent driving fluid accumulating therein, and allow it to pass to the passages 21.

l1 show the shafts bolted to the ends of the rotor 2.

42 designate the end covers for the casing.

43 indicate feet for supporting the whole structure, and 44 strengthening ribs between the casing parts inclosing the impact-wheels.

\Vhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A turbine comprising in combination a cylindrical rot-or, an impact wheel secured to said rotor at or about the longitudinal center thereof, a series of impulse and reaction rings at each side of the impact wheel, means for supplying driving fluid to said impact wheel for rotating same in one direction, means of communication for driving fluid from the impact Wheel to said impulse and reaction rings on each side thereof, an additional impact wheel secured to one end of the rotor, a series of impulses and reaction rings adjacent one side of said additional impact Wheel, means for supplying driving fluid to said additional impact wheel for reversing the direction of rotation of the rotor, and means of communication for driving fluid from the reversing impact wheel to the impulse and reaction rings adjacent thereto.

1 2. A turbine comprising in combination a cylindrical rotor, an impact wheel secured to said rotor at or about the longitudinal center thereof, a series of impulse and reaction rings, at each side of the impact wheel, means for supplying driving fluid to said impact wheel for rotating the same in one direction, means of communication for driving fluid from the impact wheel to said impulse and reaction rings on each side thereof, an additional impact wheel secured to one end of the rotor, a series of impulse and reaction rings adjacent one side of said additional impact wheel, means for supplying driving fluid to said additional impact Wheel, for reversing the direction of rotation of the rotor, means of communication for driving fluid from the reversing impact wheel to the impulse and reaction rings adjacent thereto, a casing inclosing each impact wheel, and provided with aplurality of channels each serving a portion of the periphery of said wheel, and means for supplying driving channels.

3. A turbine comprising in combination a cylindrical rotor, an impact-wheel secured to said rotor at or about the longitudinal center thereof, a series of impulse and reaction rings at each side of the impact-wheeh means for supplying driving fluid to said impact-wheel for rotating same in one direction, means of communication for driving fluid from the impact-wheel to said impulse and reaction rings on each side thereof, additional impact-wheels secured one at each end of the rotor, a series of impulse and reaction rings adjacent one side of each of said additional impact-wheels, means for supplying driving fluid to said additional impact-wheels for reversing the direction of rotation of the rotor and means of communication for driving fluid from the reversing impact-Wheels to the impulse and reaction rings adjacent thereto.

4. A turbine comprising in combination a cylindrical rotor, an impact-Wheel secured to said rotor, a series of impulse and reaction rings at each side of the impactwheel, means for supplying driving fluid to said impact-wheel and means of communication for said driving fluid from the impact-wheel to said impulse and reaction rings on each side thereof to rotate the rotor in one direction, additional impactwheels secured one at each end of the rotor, means for supplying driving fluid to said last mentioned impact-wheels whereby the direction of rotation of the rotor is reversed, a casing inclosing each impact-wheel and providing a plurality of channels each serving a portion of the periphery of said wheel and means for supplying driving fluid to any or all of said channels.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES OCEAN JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

CHARLES STEPHEN GARDNER, FRED. H. DUKE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

fluid to any or all of said r