US7322428B2 - Vibration reduction apparatus for power tool and power tool incorporating such apparatus - Google Patents
Vibration reduction apparatus for power tool and power tool incorporating such apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7322428B2 US7322428B2 US11/146,181 US14618105A US7322428B2 US 7322428 B2 US7322428 B2 US 7322428B2 US 14618105 A US14618105 A US 14618105A US 7322428 B2 US7322428 B2 US 7322428B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- handle
- body portion
- spring
- housing
- biasing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D17/04—Handles; Handle mountings
- B25D17/043—Handles resiliently mounted relative to the hammer housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/005—Adjustable tool components; Adjustable parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/371—Use of springs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to vibration reduction apparatus for power tools and to power tools incorporating such apparatus.
- the invention relates particularly, but not exclusively, to vibration reduction apparatus for power hammers, and to hammers incorporating such apparatus.
- Electrically driven hammers are known in which a driving member in the form of a flying mass is reciprocally driven by means of a piston, and impact of the flying mass against the end of the piston cylinder imparts a hammer action to a bit of the hammer.
- a driving member in the form of a flying mass is reciprocally driven by means of a piston, and impact of the flying mass against the end of the piston cylinder imparts a hammer action to a bit of the hammer.
- EP1252976 Such an arrangement is disclosed in European patent application EP1252976 and is shown in FIG. 1 .
- the prior art demolition hammer comprises an electric motor 2 , a gear arrangement and a piston drive arrangement which are housed within a metal gear housing 5 surrounded by a plastic housing 4 .
- a rear handle housing incorporating a rear handle 6 and a trigger switch arrangement 8 is fitted to the rear of the housings 4 , 5 .
- a cable (not shown) extends through a cable guide 10 and connects the motor to an external electricity supply. When the cable is connected to the electricity supply and the trigger switch arrangement 8 is depressed, the motor 2 is actuated to rotationally drive the armature of the motor.
- a radial fan 14 is fitted at one end of the armature and a pinion is formed at the opposite end of the armature so that when the motor is actuated the armature rotatingly drives the fan 14 and the pinion.
- the metal gear housing 5 is made from magnesium with steel inserts and rigidly supports the components housed within it.
- the motor pinion rotatingly drives a first gear wheel of an intermediate gear arrangement which is rotatably mounted on a spindle, which spindle is mounted in an insert to the gear housing 5 .
- the intermediate gear has a second gear wheel which rotatingly drives a drive gear.
- the drive gear is non-rotatably mounted on a drive spindle mounted within the gear housing 5 .
- a crank plate 30 is non-rotatably mounted at the end of the drive spindle remote from the drive gear, the crank plate being formed with an eccentric bore for housing an eccentric crank pin 32 .
- the crank pin 32 extends from the crank plate into a bore at the rearward end of a crank arm 34 so that the crank arm can pivot about the crank pin 32 .
- the opposite forward end of the crank arm 34 is formed with a bore through which extends a trunnion pin 36 so that the crank arm 34 can pivot about the trunnion pin 36 .
- the trunnion pin 36 is fitted to the rear of a piston 38 by fitting the ends of the trunnion pin 36 into receiving bores formed in a pair of opposing arms which extend to the rear of the piston 38 .
- the piston is reciprocally mounted in cylindrical hollow spindle 40 so that it can reciprocate within the hollow spindle.
- An O-ring seal 42 is fitted in an annular recess formed in the periphery of the piston 38 so as to form an airtight seal between the piston 38 and the internal surface of the hollow spindle 40 .
- the armature pinion rotatingly drives the intermediate gear arrangement via the first gear wheel and the second gear wheel of the intermediate gear arrangement rotatingly drives the drive spindle via the drive gear.
- the drive spindle rotatingly drives the crank plate 30 and the crank arm arrangement comprising the crank pin 32 , and the crank arm 34 and the trunnion pin 36 convert the rotational drive from the crank plate 30 to a reciprocating drive to the piston 38 .
- the piston 38 is reciprocatingly driven back and forth along the hollow spindle 40 when the motor is actuated by a user depressing the trigger switch 8 .
- the spindle 40 is mounted in magnesium casing 42 from the forward end until an annular rearward facing shoulder (not shown) on the exterior of the spindle abuts against a forward facing annular shoulder (not shown) formed from a set of ribs in the interior of the magnesium casing 42 .
- the ribs enable air in the chamber surrounding the spindle 40 to circulate freely in the region between a ram 58 and a beat piece 64 .
- An increased diameter portion on the exterior of the spindle fits closely within a reduced diameter portion on the interior of the magnesium casing 42 . Rearwardly of the increased diameter portion and the reduced diameter portion an annular chamber is formed between the external surface of the spindle 40 and the internal surface of the magnesium casing 42 .
- This chamber is open at its forward and rearward ends. At its forward end the chamber communicates via the spaces between the ribs in the magnesium casing with a volume of air between the ram 58 and the beat piece 64 . At its rearward end the chamber communicates via the spaces between the ribs 7 and the recess of the gear casing 5 with a volume of air in the gear casing 5 .
- the volume of air in the gear casing 5 communicates with the air outside of the hammer via a narrow channel 9 and a filter 11 .
- the air pressure within the hammer which changes due to changes in the temperature of the hammer, is thus equalised with the air pressure outside of the hammer.
- the filter 11 also keeps the air within the hammer gear casing 5 relatively clean and dust free.
- the ram 58 is located within the hollow spindle 40 forwardly of the piston 38 so that it can also reciprocate within the hollow spindle 40 .
- An O-ring seal 60 is located in a recess formed around the periphery of the ram 58 so as to form an airtight seal between the ram 58 and the spindle 40 .
- a closed air cushion is formed between the forward face of the piston 38 and the rearward face of the ram 58 . Reciprocation of the piston 38 thus reciprocatingly drives the ram 58 via the closed air cushion.
- hammer drills of this type suffer from the drawback that the hammer action generates significant vibrations, which can be harmful to users of the apparatus, and can cause damage to the apparatus itself.
- a power tool 100 has a handle 102 which is connected to a housing 104 at one end by a pivot 106 and at the other end by a damping mechanism 108 .
- the damping mechanism 108 has a first spring 110 which is located within two apertures, 112 and 114 , respectively set into the handle 102 and housing 104 .
- First spring 110 can be compressed so that handle 102 comes into contact with housing 104 by closing space 116 .
- Damping mechanism 108 also has a second spring 120 , which is stiffer than first spring 110 .
- Second spring 120 at one end engages handle 102 and at its other end engages a cup shaped device 122 .
- Cup 122 prevents spring 120 extending beyond the position shown in FIG. 2 by virtue of a rivet 124 which is at one end fixed to cup 122 and adjacent the other end slidably located within aperture 126 .
- power tool 100 is pushed by a user in direction 128 which causes handle 102 to move towards housing 104 .
- This causes the compression of first spring 110 and dampens vibrations which are caused by the hammer action of the power tool.
- cup 122 also moves towards housing 104 .
- cup 122 becomes engaged with housing 104 and further movement of handle 102 towards housing 104 is opposed by both springs 110 and 120 . Further movement of the handle is possible against the action of both springs 110 and 120 until gap 116 is closed at which point movement of the handle 102 is no longer dampened relative to the movement of the housing and all vibrations within the housing 104 are directly passed to the handle 102 .
- Dampening devices of this type suffer from the disadvantage that the transition from the dampening of a single spring to both springs is abrupt, causing additional vibration in the handle which must be absorbed by the user.
- Preferred embodiments of the present invention seek to overcome problems with the prior art.
- a handle assembly for a power tool comprising:
- At least one handle adapted to be held by a user of the power tool and to be mounted to a housing of the power tool such that at least one said handle is capable of movement relative to the housing between a respective first handle position, a respective second handle position and a respective third handle position, all measured relative to said housing;
- At least one first biasing element for urging at least one said handle towards said first handle position therein, the or each said first biasing element having a first biasing coefficient
- At least one second biasing element for urging at least one said handle towards said first handle position, the or each said second biasing element having a second biasing coefficient, wherein said first biasing coefficient is less than said second biasing coefficient and wherein said first biasing element does not act on said handle between said second and third handle positions.
- At least one said first and/or second biasing element comprises at least one leaf spring.
- At least one said first and/or second biasing element comprises at least one torsion spring.
- At least one first biasing element comprises at least one first helical spring and at least one second biasing element comprises at least one second helical spring.
- At least one said first helical spring may be mounted substantially coaxially with at least one said second helical spring.
- the assembly may further comprise at least one elongate member mounted substantially coaxially with at least one first biasing element and at least one second biasing element.
- the damping device is significantly more compact than the damping devices of the prior art.
- the effective spring constant K total of the pair of springs in use together is calculated by adding the spring constants K soft , K hard of the individual springs in parallel as opposed to in series, as is the case in the prior art DE10036078. For example:
- At least one said elongate member comprises at least one helical thread and is adapted to receive at least one respective cooperating threaded nut.
- the advantage is provided that the nut and bolt can be used to adjust the tension in the springs and the amount of movement allowed by the damping mechanism.
- the assembly may further comprise at least one stop for preventing further compression of at least one said first biasing member between said second and said third handle positions.
- At least one said stop may comprise at least one annular member and may further comprise at least one resilient material.
- the assembly may further comprise at least one first tubular body portion, at least one second body portion and at least one third body portion, wherein said first tubular body portion is adapted to receive said first biasing member, said second body portion is slidably received in said first body portion, said first tubular body portion is also adapted to receive said second biasing member and said third body portion is slidably received in said first body portion.
- the advantage is provided that the handle is constrained to move linearly relative to the housing thereby reducing the likelihood of non-linear vibrations such as rocking of the handle relative to the housing.
- the assembly may further comprise at least one said first and second biasing element connected at a first end of said handle and at least one said first and second biasing element connected at a second end of said handle.
- a power tool comprising:
- FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a power tool of the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a handle assembly of the prior art.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a part of a handle assembly of the present invention.
- a handle assembly for a power tool for example a hammer or drill including a hammer action, includes a first substantially tubular body portion 210 which contains a first biasing element, first spring 212 .
- First spring 212 is retained at one end by an end portion 214 of first body 210 and at the other end by second body portion 216 which is slidably mounted within first body portion 210 .
- Second body portion 216 contains a second biasing element, second spring 218 , which is retained at one end by end portion 220 of second body portion 216 .
- the other end of second spring 218 is retained by third body portion 222 .
- the biasing coefficient, or spring constant, of the first spring 212 is less than that of the second spring 218 . This means that the first spring 212 is softer, and therefore more easily compressed, than the second spring 218 .
- the first, second and third body portions 210 , 216 and 222 , and first and second springs, 212 and 218 are all mounted coaxially on threaded bolt 224 and retained thereon at one end by head portion 226 of bolt 224 and at the other end by nut 228 .
- the nut 228 is prevented from rotating within third body portion 222 by at least one flat surface 229 which engages one of the faces of nut 228 .
- any rotation of bolt 224 will cause nut 228 to travel along the threaded portion of bolt 224 .
- the biasing coefficient of the combined effect of the coaxially mounted springs, with a movable intermediate second body portion 216 between them, is calculated as the springs working in parallel. This is as opposed to the pair a springs acting in series as seen in the prior art DE 10036078.
- the spring constant for an assembly when both springs are acting (K total ) is calculated from the spring constant of the first spring 212 (K soft ) and the spring constant of the second spring (K hard ) as follows:
- the assembly is also provided with impact damping elements in the form of plastic or rubber washers 230 and 232 .
- First body portion 214 is connected to, or formed as part of, the housing 204 of the power tool in which the assembly is contained.
- the third body portion 222 is connected to, or formed as part of, the handle 202 of the same power tool. When in use the power tool is pressed against a surface such that the hammer action of the power tool is activated.
- the assembly allows for limited movement of the handle 202 relative to the housing 204 of the power tool.
- the second and third body portions 216 and 222 slide within the first body portion 210 , and these movements are biased by the first and second springs 212 and 218 .
- the assembly as shown in FIG. 3 is in a first position in which the first and second springs 212 and 218 are fully extended as bound by the constraints of nut 228 and bolt 224 .
- the softer spring 212 becomes compressed more rapidly than the second and harder spring 218 .
- the distance D 1 which extends from end portion 220 to rubber washer 230 , decreases at a faster rate than the distance D 2 .
- the rubber washer 230 engages end portion 220 of second body portion 216 . Because washer 230 is made of rubber, or another similar resilient material, the impact of end portion 220 is slightly softened.
- biasing means may be used in alternative to the helical springs described above, such as leaf springs or torsion springs.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Spring constant for both springs | Spring constant for both springs |
used in prior art DE10036078 | used in present invention |
Ktotal = Ksoft + Khard |
|
Spring constant for both springs | Spring constant for both springs used |
used side by side (in series) | coaxially (in parallel) |
as in present invention | |
Ktotal = Ksoft + Khard |
|
Claims (18)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0412619A GB2414702A (en) | 2004-06-04 | 2004-06-04 | Vibration Reduction Apparatus for Power Tool |
GBGB0412619.9 | 2004-06-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050284646A1 US20050284646A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
US7322428B2 true US7322428B2 (en) | 2008-01-29 |
Family
ID=32696747
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/146,181 Expired - Fee Related US7322428B2 (en) | 2004-06-04 | 2005-06-06 | Vibration reduction apparatus for power tool and power tool incorporating such apparatus |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7322428B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1602450A3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2414702A (en) |
Cited By (15)
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US20070289762A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Kikukchi Atsuyuki | Power tool |
US20090090528A1 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2009-04-09 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Hand-held power tool with vibration-compensating mass |
US20090283282A1 (en) * | 2008-05-17 | 2009-11-19 | Metabowerke Gmbh | Electric hand-held power tool appliance |
US20100139940A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Sp Air Kabushiki Kaisha | Hammer with vibration reduction mechanism |
US20110024149A1 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2011-02-03 | Joachim Hecht | Hand-held power tool |
US20110127056A1 (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-06-02 | Black And Decker Inc. | Hammer drill |
US20110232929A1 (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-09-29 | Ching-Shun Chang | Impact hammer with pre-pressing damping and buffering effect |
US20120261153A1 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2012-10-18 | Makita Coporation | Power tool |
US20130043052A1 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-02-21 | Black & Decker Inc. | Hammer drill |
US20140318821A1 (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2014-10-30 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Rotary hammer |
US8966773B2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2015-03-03 | Techtronic Power Tools Technology Limited | Power tool including an anti-vibration handle |
US10053873B2 (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-08-21 | M-B-W, Inc. | Handle assemblies with vibration dampening assemblies for concrete finishing machines |
US20210129307A1 (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2021-05-06 | Makita Corporation | Reciprocating tool |
US20220266433A1 (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-08-25 | Makita Corporation | Power tool having a hammer mechanism |
US12021437B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2024-06-25 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Rotary power tool |
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GB2407791A (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2005-05-11 | Black & Decker Inc | Vibration reduction apparatus for a power tool |
GB2407789A (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2005-05-11 | Black & Decker Inc | Vibration reduction apparatus for a power tool |
GB2407790A (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2005-05-11 | Black & Decker Inc | Vibration reduction apparatus for a power tool |
DE102004040886A1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-02 | Volkswagen Ag | Operating device for a motor vehicle |
DE102004051465A1 (en) | 2004-10-22 | 2006-04-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hand tool with vibration damped pistol handle |
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JP2016140934A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-08 | 日立工機株式会社 | Power tool |
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Cited By (23)
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US8561716B2 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2013-10-22 | Makita Corporation | Power tool |
US20120261153A1 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2012-10-18 | Makita Coporation | Power tool |
US20070289762A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Kikukchi Atsuyuki | Power tool |
US7836971B2 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2010-11-23 | Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. | Power tool |
US20090090528A1 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2009-04-09 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Hand-held power tool with vibration-compensating mass |
US20110024149A1 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2011-02-03 | Joachim Hecht | Hand-held power tool |
US8434565B2 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2013-05-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hand-held power tool |
US20090283282A1 (en) * | 2008-05-17 | 2009-11-19 | Metabowerke Gmbh | Electric hand-held power tool appliance |
US20100139940A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Sp Air Kabushiki Kaisha | Hammer with vibration reduction mechanism |
US8240394B2 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2012-08-14 | Sp Air Kabushiki Kaisha | Hammer with vibration reduction mechanism |
US8584769B2 (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2013-11-19 | Black & Decker Inc. | Vibration reduction handle assembly for a hammer drill |
US20110127056A1 (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-06-02 | Black And Decker Inc. | Hammer drill |
US8196675B2 (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2012-06-12 | Sing Hua Industrial Co., Ltd. | Impact hammer with pre-pressing damping and buffering effect |
US20110232929A1 (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-09-29 | Ching-Shun Chang | Impact hammer with pre-pressing damping and buffering effect |
US20130043052A1 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-02-21 | Black & Decker Inc. | Hammer drill |
US20140318821A1 (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2014-10-30 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Rotary hammer |
US9849577B2 (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2017-12-26 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Rotary hammer |
US8966773B2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2015-03-03 | Techtronic Power Tools Technology Limited | Power tool including an anti-vibration handle |
US10053873B2 (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-08-21 | M-B-W, Inc. | Handle assemblies with vibration dampening assemblies for concrete finishing machines |
US12021437B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2024-06-25 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Rotary power tool |
US20210129307A1 (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2021-05-06 | Makita Corporation | Reciprocating tool |
US11845168B2 (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2023-12-19 | Makita Corporation | Reciprocating tool |
US20220266433A1 (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-08-25 | Makita Corporation | Power tool having a hammer mechanism |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2414702A (en) | 2005-12-07 |
EP1602450A3 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
GB0412619D0 (en) | 2004-07-07 |
EP1602450A2 (en) | 2005-12-07 |
US20050284646A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
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