US5928080A - Device for chopping the stalks after the ears of corn have been cut off in a combine harvester - Google Patents

Device for chopping the stalks after the ears of corn have been cut off in a combine harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
US5928080A
US5928080A US08/849,012 US84901297A US5928080A US 5928080 A US5928080 A US 5928080A US 84901297 A US84901297 A US 84901297A US 5928080 A US5928080 A US 5928080A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chopping
straw
cutting machine
machine according
stalks
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Expired - Fee Related
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US08/849,012
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English (en)
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Wilhelm Jakobi
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Biso BV
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Biso BV
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/40—Arrangements of straw crushers or cutters

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a straw-cutting machine which is positioned behind the grain separation devices of a combine harvester and whose separating organs chop the stalks falling from the straw walkers into short pieces which are discharged through a distribution box and deposited on the floor spread over the cutting width.
  • Straw-cutting machines of a conventional design generally have cutter knives supported in a freely movable manner on a cylinder tube which cutter knives take up the falling stalks and beat against fixed position opposite cutting knives. In this process, the stalks are cut up while consuming high power.
  • this type of construction has the disadvantage that stalks passing roughly in a longitudinal direction over the straw walkers are only separated insufficiently. This is bad in that due to new cultures the straw is becoming ever shorter and ever more stable and thus passes over the straw walkers in a longitudinal direction in a larger quantity.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the power requirements of the straw-cutting machine over known versions, to cut and disintegrate the straw shook out in uniform short pieces irrespective of whether it falls from the straw walker in a lateral position or longitudinal direction and to distribute it uniformly on the soil over the whole cutting width with a powerful air flow.
  • the foreign bodies carried with the stalks should pass through the straw-cutting machine without damaging or destroying it.
  • the width of the tangs corresponds here approximately to the width to which the laterally positioned stalks should be cut.
  • the tangs are positioned uniformly distributed in any number of rows in a spiral shape on the circumference of a cylinder roll with the first tang of a row in each case lying in a longitudinal direction of the cylinder roll at the same height as the last tang of a row on the opposite side.
  • the stalks pass through the straw-cutting machine in a relatively thin veil with practically only two tangs in each case frictionally contacting the stalks to be separated being separated by the chopping knives.
  • tang on tang can lie in a row with a gap between each through which the fixed position chopping knife can pass. But one tang each can also be omitted from a row so that the number of cuts and thus the power requirement is reduced.
  • One special advantage of the wide tangs is also that they first generate a powerful wind around the cylinder mantle and then securely discharge the chopped stalks through the spade-shaped design.
  • the fixed position chopping knives are fixed in pairs on rotating knife-bearers supported on a knife floor positioned outside and roughly parallel to the cutting floor.
  • the knife-bearers are provided with stops which are pressed against the knife floor by means of springs.
  • the chopping knives themselves protrude into the chopping box through slits in the knife floor and the cutting floor. If a hard foreign body is taken up by the tangs, the chopping knives yield to the outside so that the foreign body can pass the cutting device without damaging it.
  • the knife floor can be retracted so far as one unit with the knife-bearers and the chopping knives that the chopping knives are outside the cutting area.
  • the distribution box is swivelled out at the same time, it is possible to deposit the stalks over the chopping cylinder in an uncut manner in a swathe. In this process, the stalks are bent and disintegrated and are so better suited for further utilization. Thanks to the previously described lateral cutting device, stalks primarily passing laterally through the straw-cutting machine are separated.
  • a further feature of the invention is that optionally different cutting devices are positioned after the lateral cutting device by means of which stalks passing through the straw-cutting machine in a longitudinal direction are separated into short pieces.
  • pivotable opposite cutting plates are positioned under the chopping knives on the cutting floor which opposite cutting plates have eccentrically relieved serrations on their front sides, the serrations of the opposite cutting plates agreeing in profile to the serrations of the tang plates and protruding into these up to a distance parallel on all sides of less than 3 mm.
  • radial blowers are located at both ends of the cylinder roll and fixed securely to it, which radial blowers suck in air from the side of the straw-cutting machine housing and blow it into the distribution box.
  • a simple cylinder-type chopper or several flywheel choppers is/are positioned behind the lateral cutting device to shorten the stalks passing longitudinally through the straw-cutting machine.
  • the cylinder-type chopper corresponds in design and operation to the conventional construction with chopping bars passing laterally over the cylinder width.
  • the beater bars run in a screw shape laterally from one side to the other with the angle of clasping being greater than 360 degrees. In this way, the cutting bars practically always maintain engagement.
  • the height of the cutting bars corresponds here roughly to the length to which the stalks are to be shortened.
  • a radial blower is assigned to the cylinder-type chopper as described above.
  • flywheel choppers are positioned after the lateral cutting device, at least two of these are provided so that the chopped stalks can be distributed uniformly to both sides through the distribution hood.
  • the height of the chopping bars corresponds here too roughly to the length to which the stalks are to be shortened.
  • the drive of the flywheel chopper is performed in a manner not described in detail with belt drives or bevel gears.
  • FIGS. 1 to 10 The embodiment in accordance with the invention is disclosed in FIGS. 1 to 10 with the accompanying descriptions:
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a straw-cutting machine with a stalk lateral cutting device and a following separation device by means of counter cutting plates for stalks passing through the straw-cutting machine lengthways;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a top view of the separation device of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 illustrates how the cutting plates and the counter-bars are eccentrically relieved
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a longitudinal section through the chopping cylinder which reveals the arrangement of the tang plates and the axial blowers;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-section through the chopping cylinder revealing the positions of the tang plates to one another
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-section through an axial blower
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a view of the knife-bearers
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a view of the tang plates
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a longitudinal section through a straw-cutting machine with a stalk lateral cutting device and a following separation device by means of cylinder-type choppers for stalks passing through lengthways;
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a longitudinal section through a straw-cutting machine with a stalk lateral cutting device and a following separation device by means of flywheel choppers for stalks passing through lengthways.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through a straw-cutting machine where the stalk lateral cutting device is associated with a stalk longitudinal cutting device positioned below it.
  • the stalks (1) to be chopped fall from a straw outlet hood (2) onto the chopping drum (4) rotating in the direction of the arrow (3).
  • the stalks are picked up by tangs (6) with eccentrically relieved serrations on their front sides (5) and transported to the inlet area (7).
  • the tang plates draw the stalks from here over cutting knives (8) fixed rigidly in pairs to the outside of a knife floor (9) on bearers (10) by means of screws (11) and limited downwardly by stops (12).
  • the knife plate or floor (9) runs roughly parallel to the chopping floor (13).
  • the knife floor (9) is pivoted in bearings (14) on the chopping floor (13).
  • the cutting knives protrude with their front ends, which possess sharp cutting edges (15), through slits in the knife floor (9) and the chopping floor (13) between two tang plates (6) in each case with their front ends (17) up to the outer diameter of the cylinder roll (18).
  • the bearers (10) are supported on bolts (19) which are, in turn, supported in bearing plates (20).
  • the bearers are drawn down to a stop (22) by a stroke (21) with that part of the cutting knives protruding between the tang plates into the chopping area (23) being pressed upwards. If a hard foreign body not shown in any detail enters the inlet room (7) and is taken up by the tang plates there, the cutting knives yield backwards in the direction of the arrow (24). Independently of this, the knife floor (9) can yield with all cutting knives in the direction of the arrow (25) around the swivel point (14).
  • opposite cutting plates (26) are positioned on the chopping floor (13) which opposite cutting plates (26) have eccentrically relieved serrations on their front sides (27), the serrations agreeing in profile with the serrations on the front sides of the tang plate and both serrations agreeing up to a distance parallel on all sides of less than 3 mm.
  • the opposite cutting plates are pivoted on bolts (28) and are pressed by means of a stroke (29) against an adjustable stop not described in any detail.
  • the opposite cutting plates are divided into several segments of which each can yield singly and alone when a hard foreign body strikes.
  • the counter bar (26) may be divided over the width of the chopping cylinder (4) into segments, with each single segment being able to be pivoted in a bearing.
  • the counter-bar segments are drawn by strokes into the chopping area independently of one another and limited by the stop.
  • the stalks chopped in a lateral direction and a longitudinal direction is then discharged to the rear from the distribution hood (31) in the direction of the arrow (30).
  • the lateral chopping device is designed in such a manner that the tang plates (6) are located on the mantel of the chopping cylinder (4) in several rows laterally over the width of the chopping cylinder (4), with a width of at least 25 mm, serrations on their front sides (5) and an intermediate space of at least 6 mm.
  • the arc-shaped chopping floor (13) is positioned on one side, with the chopping knifes (8) being fixed on an outer side thereof and reaching inwardly between the tang plates (6) through slits in the chopping floor (13) up to around 5 mm to the mantle of the chopping cylinder (4).
  • the serrated (5) tang plates (6) are screwed on in a removable manner.
  • the chopping knives (8) are positioned to extend through an angle of more than 10° to the horizontal from outside to inside and downwardly.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of the opposite cutting plates (26) in engagement with the tang plates (6).
  • the segment-like division of the opposite cutting plates and the profile agreement of tang plate and opposite cutting plate can be seen.
  • the front sides (5), (27) of the opposite cutting plate and the tang plate engage in a serrated manner parallel to each other at a distance a (32) of less than 3 mm.
  • FIG. 3 shows the undercut angles a (33) and ⁇ (34) of tang plates and opposite cutting plates.
  • the undercut angles here are greater than 3 degrees. Both angles can be of equal or different size as required.
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the chopping cylinder (4) revealing the arrangement of the tang plates (6).
  • any number of ventilator blades (37) are positioned on plates (36), (36') connected to the front sides of the cylinder mantle.
  • the air (39) sucked in through an aperture (38), (38') is blown into the distribution hood (31) in the direction of the arrow (40), (40').
  • FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of the tang plate rows (6) in their screw-shaped passage over the cylinder mantle.
  • each first tang plate (6) marked by an "A" of a row on the circumference has the same angle position as the last tang plate marked by a "B" of the following or preceding row.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross-section through an axial blower (35, 35').
  • the air sucked in through an aperture (38) in the center of the blower through the ventilator blades (36), (36') from out side the chopping box is emitted through a discharge (41), (41') into the distribution box in the direction of the arrow (40), (40').
  • FIG. 7 shows a view with an exemplary embodiment of the stalk lateral cutting device from the outside onto the knife floor (9) at a larger scale.
  • the cutting knives are limited downwardly by stops (12).
  • the bearers (10) are, in turn, supported on bolts (19).
  • FIG. 8 shows a top view of any segment of the stalk lateral cutting device with the interaction of tang plates (6) and cutting knives (8) being shown at an exploded scale. Here it can be seen how the chopping knives are positioned in the gap b (44) between tang plates lying next to each other in each case.
  • FIG. 9 shows how a cylinder-type chopper (45) is positioned after the stalk lateral cutting device.
  • the stalk parts taken up by the tang plates and aligned lengthways are picked up by the chopping bars (46) and shortened in interaction with a counter-cutter (47).
  • the chopping bars are here positioned on a cylinder mantle (42) laterally over the width of the straw-cutting machine in a spiral shape with one cylinder bar clasping spirally the cylinder mantle from one side to the other at an angle equal to or larger than 360 degrees.
  • the chopped stalks are then discharged through a distribution box (48) in the direction of the arrow (43).
  • FIG. 10 shows the assignment of flywheel choppers (49) behind the lateral cutting devices.
  • the stalks chopped in a lateral position are passed on by the tang bars (6) in the direction of the arrow (50) through apertures (51) to the chopper housings (52) of several flywheel choppers positioned next to each other together with the longitudinally aligned, unchopped stalks.
  • the chopping knives (54) fixed on a driven chopping wheel (53) take up the longitudinally aligned stalk parts and shorten these in an interaction with a counter-cutter (55).
  • the chopped stalks are then discharged in the direction of the arrow (56).
  • the flywheel choppers (49) can be swiveled out downwardly or upwardly either individually or together.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
US08/849,012 1995-09-25 1996-09-17 Device for chopping the stalks after the ears of corn have been cut off in a combine harvester Expired - Fee Related US5928080A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19535175 1995-09-25
DE19535175A DE19535175A1 (de) 1995-09-25 1995-09-25 Strohhäcksler zum Zerkleinern von Halmgut hinter den Kornabscheideeinrichtungen eines Mähdreschers
PCT/EP1996/004066 WO1997011594A1 (de) 1995-09-25 1996-09-17 Strohhäcksler zum zerkleinern von halmgut hinter den kornabscheideeinrichtungen eines mähdreschers

Publications (1)

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US5928080A true US5928080A (en) 1999-07-27

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US08/849,012 Expired - Fee Related US5928080A (en) 1995-09-25 1996-09-17 Device for chopping the stalks after the ears of corn have been cut off in a combine harvester

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US5928080A (de)
EP (2) EP0793412B1 (de)
BR (1) BR9606657A (de)
DE (3) DE19535175A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2223314T1 (de)
WO (1) WO1997011594A1 (de)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6354938B1 (en) * 1998-05-26 2002-03-12 Franz Schrattenecker Straw-cutting machine for the chopping of stalks
EP1232683A1 (de) * 2001-02-16 2002-08-21 CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH Förderelemente und Zerkleinerungseinrichtung für landwirtschaftliche Arbeitsmaschine
US6616528B2 (en) 2001-12-12 2003-09-09 Case Corporation Vertical crop residue chopper and spreader
US6663485B2 (en) * 1999-02-25 2003-12-16 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Combine having a feeding device for transferring and an outlet zone for discharging materials
WO2004019673A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-11 Leo Redekop Apparatus for chopping and discharging straw from a combine harvester
US6976913B2 (en) * 2002-06-19 2005-12-20 Cnh America Llc Crop chopper arrangements for agricultural machinery
WO2008124583A2 (en) * 2007-04-05 2008-10-16 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Double shear material chopper
US20080293462A1 (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-11-27 Farley Herbert M Concave pan portion of an integral chopper assembly of a combine harvester
EP2301324A2 (de) 2009-09-22 2011-03-30 Deere & Company Mähhäcksler mit Überlastschutz
US8177610B2 (en) 2007-04-05 2012-05-15 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Combination residue spreader and collector for single pass harvesting systems
WO2014105871A1 (en) * 2012-12-26 2014-07-03 Cnh America Llc Chopper assembly for harvesting equipment
US8834244B2 (en) * 2012-07-25 2014-09-16 Cnh Industrial America Llc Flow distribution system for controlling application width of residual crop material
US20150038201A1 (en) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-05 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Combine harvester comprising a chopping mechanism
CN104782338A (zh) * 2015-04-17 2015-07-22 山东省农业机械科学研究院 一种青贮机物料切碎揉搓籽粒破碎系统
US20150373913A1 (en) * 2013-02-19 2015-12-31 University Of South Australia Weed seed devitalization arrangement
US9635813B2 (en) 2014-07-08 2017-05-02 Cnh Industrial America Llc Residue handling system for an agricultural harvester
US10111384B2 (en) 2015-10-09 2018-10-30 Cnh Industrial America Llc Agricultural chopper with linked counter knives and shear bar
US10130039B2 (en) 2015-08-28 2018-11-20 Cnh Industrial America Llc Agricultural harvester including feedback control of chopping parameters
US10201128B2 (en) * 2015-09-29 2019-02-12 Deere & Company Straw chopper for a combine harvester having counter-blades and a straw dam
US10405493B2 (en) * 2016-06-28 2019-09-10 Cnh Industrial America Llc Fan in beater to avoid strawhood blockages
RU2766007C1 (ru) * 2021-07-13 2022-02-07 Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Научное Учреждение Федеральный Научный Центр «Всероссийский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Сои» Двухпоточный измельчитель-разбрасыватель соломы

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19720074B4 (de) * 1997-05-14 2005-07-21 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Mähdrescher
DE19749338C2 (de) * 1997-11-07 2000-02-17 Franz Schrattenecker Häcksler zum Zerkleinern von Halmgut, vorzugsweise von Stroh
DE69909286D1 (de) * 1998-05-13 2003-08-07 Novozymes As Behandlung von kork mit einem phenol-oxidierendem enzym
AT407327B (de) 1999-06-16 2001-02-26 Schrattenecker Franz Ing Strohhäcksler für einen mähdrescher
DE10063550B4 (de) 2000-12-20 2008-10-02 Deere & Company, Moline Mähdrescher mit Häckseleinrichtung
DE102006020072A1 (de) * 2006-04-29 2007-11-08 Deere & Company, Moline Nachzerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit abnehmbaren Nachschneidemessern
DE102010005692A1 (de) * 2010-01-25 2011-07-28 CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH, 33428 Verteileinrichtung für eine selbstfahrende Erntemaschine
DE102010028599A1 (de) 2010-05-05 2011-11-10 Deere & Company Erntegutrestehäcksel- und -verteilanordnung für einen Mähdrescher
DE102012201334B4 (de) 2012-01-31 2023-03-16 Deere & Company Feldhäcksler mit Häckselanordnung
DE202017104267U1 (de) 2017-07-18 2017-08-04 Ab. Agri-Broker E.K. Selbstfahrender Mähdrescher
CN108283053A (zh) * 2018-02-12 2018-07-17 中国农业大学 玉米收获机用果穗整列切柄装置

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US2950747A (en) * 1957-05-06 1960-08-30 Alloway Vivian Perry Straw cutter
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DE2805208A1 (de) * 1978-02-08 1979-08-09 Claas Maschf Gmbh Geb Maehdrescher mit anbauhaecksler
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EP0166116A2 (de) * 1984-04-27 1986-01-02 BISO Bitter GmbH. & Co.KG. Mähdrescher
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US2950747A (en) * 1957-05-06 1960-08-30 Alloway Vivian Perry Straw cutter
US3005637A (en) * 1958-09-08 1961-10-24 Polaris Inc Straw cutters and spreaders
US3350017A (en) * 1965-07-21 1967-10-31 Int Harvester Co Straw chopper and spreader
DE2805208A1 (de) * 1978-02-08 1979-08-09 Claas Maschf Gmbh Geb Maehdrescher mit anbauhaecksler
FR2479648A1 (fr) * 1980-04-05 1981-10-09 Claas Ohg Moissonneuse-batteuse automotrice sans secoueurs
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Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6354938B1 (en) * 1998-05-26 2002-03-12 Franz Schrattenecker Straw-cutting machine for the chopping of stalks
US6663485B2 (en) * 1999-02-25 2003-12-16 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Combine having a feeding device for transferring and an outlet zone for discharging materials
EP1232683A1 (de) * 2001-02-16 2002-08-21 CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH Förderelemente und Zerkleinerungseinrichtung für landwirtschaftliche Arbeitsmaschine
US6699121B2 (en) * 2001-02-16 2004-03-02 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Comminuting device in an agricultural harvesting machine
US6616528B2 (en) 2001-12-12 2003-09-09 Case Corporation Vertical crop residue chopper and spreader
US6976913B2 (en) * 2002-06-19 2005-12-20 Cnh America Llc Crop chopper arrangements for agricultural machinery
AU2003258424B2 (en) * 2002-08-30 2010-01-07 Tritana Holdings Ltd. Apparatus for chopping and discharging straw from a combine harvester
WO2004019673A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-11 Leo Redekop Apparatus for chopping and discharging straw from a combine harvester
US6840854B2 (en) 2002-08-30 2005-01-11 Leo Redekop Apparatus for chopping and discharging straw from a combine harvester
US8512114B2 (en) * 2007-04-05 2013-08-20 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Double shear material chopper
US8177610B2 (en) 2007-04-05 2012-05-15 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Combination residue spreader and collector for single pass harvesting systems
WO2008124583A2 (en) * 2007-04-05 2008-10-16 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Double shear material chopper
WO2008124583A3 (en) * 2007-04-05 2009-01-08 Univ Iowa State Res Found Inc Double shear material chopper
US20080268928A1 (en) * 2007-04-05 2008-10-30 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Double shear material chopper
US8092286B2 (en) 2007-05-23 2012-01-10 Cnh America Llc Concave pan portion of an integral chopper assembly of a combine harvester
US8006926B2 (en) 2007-05-23 2011-08-30 Cnh America Llc Knife bank assembly of a counter knife assembly of an integral chopper assembly of a combine harvester
US20080290198A1 (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-11-27 Benes Jason M Knife bank assembly of a counter knife assembly of an integral chopper assembly of a combine harvester
US20080293462A1 (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-11-27 Farley Herbert M Concave pan portion of an integral chopper assembly of a combine harvester
EP2301324A2 (de) 2009-09-22 2011-03-30 Deere & Company Mähhäcksler mit Überlastschutz
US8834244B2 (en) * 2012-07-25 2014-09-16 Cnh Industrial America Llc Flow distribution system for controlling application width of residual crop material
US9137949B2 (en) 2012-12-26 2015-09-22 Cnh Industrial America Llc Chopper assembly for harvesting equipment
WO2014105871A1 (en) * 2012-12-26 2014-07-03 Cnh America Llc Chopper assembly for harvesting equipment
CN105101779A (zh) * 2012-12-26 2015-11-25 凯斯纽荷兰(中国)管理有限公司 用于收割设备的切碎机组件
US9723790B2 (en) * 2013-02-19 2017-08-08 Grains Research & Development Corporation Weed seed devitalization arrangement
US20150373913A1 (en) * 2013-02-19 2015-12-31 University Of South Australia Weed seed devitalization arrangement
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RU2766007C1 (ru) * 2021-07-13 2022-02-07 Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Научное Учреждение Федеральный Научный Центр «Всероссийский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Сои» Двухпоточный измельчитель-разбрасыватель соломы

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BR9606657A (pt) 1997-09-30
EP1438887A2 (de) 2004-07-21
DE19535175A1 (de) 1996-03-21
ES2223314T1 (es) 2005-03-01
EP0793412A1 (de) 1997-09-10
DE59611316D1 (de) 2006-01-26
WO1997011594A1 (de) 1997-04-03
EP1438887A3 (de) 2004-09-15
DE59611027D1 (de) 2004-07-29
EP0793412B1 (de) 2004-06-23
EP1438887B1 (de) 2005-12-21

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