US5924408A - Fuel metering system for sequentially feeding fuel to the cylinders of a combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel metering system for sequentially feeding fuel to the cylinders of a combustion engine Download PDF

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US5924408A
US5924408A US08/836,532 US83653297A US5924408A US 5924408 A US5924408 A US 5924408A US 83653297 A US83653297 A US 83653297A US 5924408 A US5924408 A US 5924408A
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fuel
rotor
distributing device
angle
metering system
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US08/836,532
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English (en)
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Adrianus Martinus Maria van den Wildenberg
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/14—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel having cyclically-operated valves connecting injection nozzles to a source of fuel under pressure during the injection period
    • F02M69/145—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel having cyclically-operated valves connecting injection nozzles to a source of fuel under pressure during the injection period the valves being actuated electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/16—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor characterised by the distributor being fed from a constant pressure source, e.g. accumulator or constant pressure positive displacement pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
    • F02M69/50—Arrangement of fuel distributors, e.g. with means for supplying equal portion of metered fuel to injectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel metering system for feeding fuel from a storage tank to the cylinders of a combustion engine, comprising a fuel supply unit and a distributing device comprising at least one rotor, with the fuel supply unit continuously supplying fuel from the storage tank to the distributing device, and with the distributing device, depending on the angle of rotation of the rotor, sequentially feeding fuel to the cylinders of the combustion engine while determining for each cylinder during what period fuel is injected at the cylinder.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift 2921766 Such a system is known from, for instance, German Offenlegungsschrift 2921766. According to the German Offenlegungsschrift, the object contemplated is to provide a system in which the use of electromagnetic (on/off) injectors is avoided. This is realized by a rotor/stator combination, with the rotor being driven by a stepping motor. The angular displacement of the rotor is here time-controlled. The rotor is triggered by a reference on, for instance, a camshaft. After being triggered, the rotor rotates through a predetermined angle under the control of the stepping motor, wholly independently of the crankshaft and camshaft. Thereafter the rotor is stationary for a predetermined period.
  • the period during which the rotor is stationary in an open position is dependent on the load of the engine and not directly on the speed of the engine, i.e., independent of the speed of rotation of the crankshaft and camshaft and hence independent of the instantaneous angle of rotation of the crankshaft and camshaft.
  • fuel is fed to one of the cylinders, or fuel is fed to none of the cylinders.
  • injectors are used with a pulse width control
  • the fuel supply is switched on and off, respectively, under time control.
  • Such a control of the fuel flow by variation of the open and/or closed time of a rotating valve with a discrete number of stable angular positions is in practice difficult to realize, if at all.
  • Stepping motors have a limited speed and therefore are generally not suited for such a control.
  • the rotor/stator combination needs time to rotate through the closed position. The longer the mechanical valve (at a particular speed of the engine and the rotor) is in the open position, the more time to move through the closed position is lost. Conversely, the maximum time left for the open position is the time of the period minus the minimum closed time.
  • the known rotor/stator combination involves a minimum open time: the time needed to move through the open position as fast as possible. That is also a disadvantage of that mechanical metering device over electromagnetic injectors, because the minimum pulse width thereof is zero.
  • the control range of the known quantity control according to the Offenlegungsschrift is therefore by definition smaller than that of an electromagnetic one with pulse width control.
  • the rotor rotates (in the case of a four-stroke engine) at half the crankshaft frequency.
  • the frequency of the fuel pulses increases with the number of cylinders.
  • the number of angular positions thereby increases proportionally to the number of cylinders. So at a given speed of the engine (and the rotor) the step time decreases proportionally. Or, at a given step time of the stepping motor, the maximum attainable speed of the rotor decreases proportionally.
  • the minimum open time is one stepping period. Without adjustments of the fuel pressure, this results in the minimum quantity of fuel being delivered even at zero load (no couple, so no fuel needed). If that quantity is made slight by reducing the passage, this in turn leads directly to unacceptable consequences for full load at high speeds. In that case the rotor cannot remain long in the opened position to deliver the required quantity of fuel because the available period and the time loss in the closed position do not allow this. Without additional measures, therefore, a mechanical metering and distributing device driven directly by a stepping motor cannot work. The control range is too small. Invariably, a certain minimum quantity of fuel is delivered, so that either too much fuel is metered at low engine loads or too little fuel is metered at high loads and high speeds. Moreover, the maximum attainable speed is limited by the stepping motor and the number of discrete angular positions.
  • the fuel flow can be increased by shifting the rotor, in such a manner that the rotor partly clears a number of outlets of the stator. In that case, fuel flows continuously to these outlets and continuous injection is involved.
  • the rotor position is not instantaneously dependent on the angle of rotation of the crankshaft or camshaft. This has as a disadvantage that injection within a certain angle of the crankshaft or camshaft is not guaranteed.
  • the relation between the rotor position and the crankshaft position is discontinuous.
  • the rotor has a fixed and limited number of angular positions.
  • the transmission ratio is therefore a "stepped function". The consequence is that the control range in angular positions is zero, while the resolving power is also zero.
  • the only variable that is available is time.
  • the control range in time is considerably limited by the stepping motor, in that all cylinders are provided with fuel by one rotor and by the fact that many closed positions are present.
  • the system cannot work correctly under all operating conditions of a combustion engine.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a system with a continuous sequential injection, which does not entail the above-mentioned practical disadvantages.
  • the system according to the invention is characterized in that the fuel metering system comprises drive means for driving the rotor in a continuously rotating manner, with the angle of rotation of the rotor being a continuous function of the instantaneous angle of rotation of a crankshaft or camshaft of the combustion engine, and with the distributing device continuously sequentially feeding fuel to the cylinders of the combustion engine.
  • the rotor is driven in a continuously rotating manner, with the angle of rotation of the rotor being controlled not as a function of time but according to a continuous function of the instantaneous angle of the crankshaft or camshaft.
  • the resultant achievement is that the control range of the distributing device is increased. Also, a high resolving power is realized.
  • the injection within a predetermined crankshaft or camshaft angle is always guaranteed
  • the open and/or closed time can be directly dependent on the speed of the engine.
  • Driving the rotor in a continuously rotating manner also implies an increase of the control range of the system and the possible speed of the engine.
  • electromagnetic (on/off) injectors need not be used in the system.
  • the rotor in use, allows fuel to flow within the opening angle of an inlet valve of a cylinder through the distributing device to the cylinder in question.
  • This means that fuel is fed to the cylinder within the opening angle of the inlet valve of that cylinder.
  • a pulse width modulation is described, having as primary metering variable the open time of a rotor/stator combination without any relation to the opening of the inlet valves.
  • each change of the angle of rotation of the crankshaft or camshaft corresponds with a change of the angle of rotation of the rotor.
  • the rotor with an engine running, will never stand still and therefore can be driven in a simple manner.
  • the rotor is accordingly connected mechanically with the crankshaft of the engine.
  • the fuel flow must be determined by the load. So, at zero load no fuel may be delivered, in spite of the fact that the distributing device opens.
  • the system accordingly further comprises at least one controllable flow resistance element located downstream of the fuel supply unit, for controlling the magnitude of the fuel flow to the cylinders.
  • a control unit of the metering system controls the flow resistance element depending on the engine parameters, such as for instance the engine load and/or the rotary movement of the crankshaft.
  • the German offenlegungsschrift it is only known to employ as a secondary control parameter--and hence only for special conditions, such as deceleration, acceleration and cold start/heat-up--a temporary pressure change in the fuel metering system.
  • the synchronous motor is coupled to the speed of revolution of the crankshaft.
  • the periods where fuel is supplied to the cylinders is therefore determined by the opening time and the open-closed frequency of the metering valve and not by the distributing device.
  • the distributing device only divides the supply of fuel over the different cylinders.
  • This fuel metering system has the disadvantage that the assembly of the metering and distributing valves is laborious in construction and entails considerable costs in incorporating such fuel metering system. Moreover, the electromagnetic metering valve and the associated control are sensitive to malfunction. Also, the electromagnetic metering valve is less suitable for gaseous fuels. Compared with a liquid fuel, a gaseous fuel possesses a relatively low energy density per unit volume, so that for the same mass or energy flow a much higher volume flow must be delivered, which means for the electromagnetic metering valve that either the diameter of the core and the stroke of the core or the pressure to be offered must be increased. Both alternatives, however, are bound to limits and cannot be simply realized by means of conventional metering valves.
  • fuel is fed to the distributing device continuously, in contrast to what is the case in the system according to European patent application EP 0362199.
  • the distributing device not only determines at what cylinder fuel is injected, but also determines during what angle of rotation of the crankshaft and/or camshaft fuel is injected for the benefit of the cylinder in question.
  • the period during which the fuel is injected for the purpose of a cylinder is determined, according to the European patent application, by the electromagnetic metering valve and injection valves, which are arranged adjacent cylinders and do not open until the shut-off valve is sufficiently opened, in order that via the distributor a sufficiently high pressure is produced at an injection valve.
  • a fuel metering system having a number of surprising advantages over the known prior art, which is suitable not only for liquid fuels, but in particular also for gaseous fuels.
  • the system distributes and meters the fuel depending on the speed of revolution of the crankshaft and/or camshaft. An adjustment of the fuel flow to the load of the engine then occurs through a change of pressure via the fuel supply unit.
  • the system comprises the above-mentioned at least one flow resistance element.
  • This may for instance be a throttle valve, which is arranged in the system either separately or integrated into the distributing device.
  • a change of the fuel flow then occurs via the flow resistance element and/or the fuel supply unit.
  • a fuel metering system which is particularly simple and inexpensive to produce is then obtained when the flow resistance element is connected directly, for instance mechanically, with a throttle valve for the combustion air of the engine, and the rotor of the distributing device is coupled directly to the crankshaft of the combustion engine.
  • the change of the fuel flow is realized by a dynamic variation of the speed of revolution of the rotor, which in combination with pressure control and/or fuel throughflow control by means of at least one flow resistance element provides the advantage of a particularly large control range.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of an embodiment of a fuel metering system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a first particular embodiment of a fuel metering system according to the present invention with a sequentially operating distributing device;
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal cross section of a first embodiment of a distributing device suitable for use in the system according to FIG. 2;
  • FIGS. 4a,b show a front elevation and top plan view of a first embodiment of a distributing device according to FIG. 3 with throughflow orifices in an in-line arrangement;
  • FIGS. 5a,b show a front elevation and top plan view of a first embodiment of a distributing device according to FIG. 3 with throughflow orifices in a V-shaped arrangement;
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a second embodiment of a distributing device suitable for use in the system according to FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a second particular embodiment of a fuel metering system according to the present invention with a sequentially operating distributing device comprising a flow resistance element;
  • FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal cross section of a third embodiment of a distributing device with a built-in flow resistance element
  • FIG. 9 shows a transverse cross section of a fourth embodiment of a distributing device with a built-in flow resistance element
  • FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a third particular embodiment of a fuel metering system according to the present invention with a sequentially operating distributing device which is driven dynamically;
  • FIG. 11 shows a cross section of a fifth embodiment of a distributing device
  • FIG. 12 shows a diagram in which the rotor position is represented as depending on time for a fuel metering system according to FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 13 shows a diagram in which different throughflow surfaces are represented as a function of the rotor position, for a fuel metering system according to FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 14 shows a diagram in which the open and closed characteristics are represented as depending on time, for the different fuel metering systems according to FIGS. 1-11.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows an exemplary embodiment of a fuel metering system according to the invention.
  • the system comprises a fuel supply unit 1 by means of which fuel is supplied from a tank 2 via, respectively, a line 3 and distributing device 4, 4', 4", to the inlet valves (not shown) of the cylinders 6 or directly into the cylinders of a combustion engine 8.
  • the distributing device 4, 4', 4" distributes the fuel, being continuously fed by the fuel supply unit via line 3, over, in this example four, lines 10.1-10.4 for supply to the cylinders 6.
  • the fuel supply unit 1 consists, for instance, of a fuel pump.
  • Fuel Pressure Control Unit In the case of gaseous fuels, for instance a pressure control, hereinafter referred to as Fuel Pressure Control Unit (FPC), can be used.
  • FPC Fuel Pressure Control Unit
  • the fuel metering system according to the invention is suitable in particular for gaseous fuels, the assumption in the following description is that the fuel supply unit consists of an FPC. It is pointed out with emphasis that this is only an example of an embodiment, so that other designs of the fuel supply unit are conceivable.
  • Combustion air is supplied via a controllable resistance element, known per se, such as a throttle valve 12, to the cylinders 6 of the combustion engine 8.
  • the distributing device 4, 4', 4" comprises at least one rotor 13, with the distributing device, depending on the angle of rotation of the rotor 13, sequentially feeding fuel to the cylinders 6.
  • the system comprises driving means 15 for driving the rotor 13 in a continuously rotating manner.
  • These driving means 15, which are shown only diagrammatically in FIG. 1, can for instance consist of a wheel which via a drive belt or line 26 is driven directly by a crankshaft 16 of the engine. It is also possible that the driving means consists of an electric motor which can rotate continuously. If desired, this electric motor can be temporarily stopped.
  • crankshaft can also be read to mean camshaft and the other way around. It holds for all of the examples to be discussed hereinafter that the angle of rotation for the rotor is preferably a differentiatable function of the instantaneous angle of rotation of the crankshaft or camshaft of the engine.
  • the angle of rotation of the rotor is a continuous function of the instantaneous angle of rotation of the crankshaft or camshaft.
  • the system may further comprise a control unit 14, which is known per se under the name of Fuel Control Unit (FCU), and which controls the fuel supply unit 1 and/or the distributing device 4, 4', 4", for instance depending on the speed of revolution of the crankshaft 16 and/or the load of the combustion engine 8.
  • FCU Fuel Control Unit
  • the FCU 14 is provided in a manner known per se with information about, for instance, the speed of revolution of the crankshaft and the load on the engine, which is depicted diagrammatically by lines 18 and 20, respectively.
  • other engine parameters such as the temperature of the engine and a signal coming from a Lambda probe, can also be fed to the FCU 14 for the control of the fuel supply unit 1 and/or the distributing device 4, 4', 4".
  • This information is processed by the FCU 14 for controlling, respectively, the FPC 1 and/or the distributing device 4, 4', 4", which is depicted diagrammatically by lines 22 and 24, respectively.
  • the distributing device 4 can also be connected directly, for instance mechanically, to the crankshaft 16. This connection is represented diagrammatically by line 26.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram for a first particular embodiment of the fuel metering system according to FIG. 1.
  • the sequentially operating distributing device 4 is of a type where the distribution of the fuel supply over the lines 10.1-10.4 is coupled directly to the angle of rotation of the crankshaft 16 of the combustion engine 8.
  • Such a distributing device 4 will hereinafter be designated as an SFD (Sequential Fuel Distributor).
  • SFD Sequential Fuel Distributor
  • the rotor 13 of the SFD 4 is driven by the driving means 15 in angular synchronism with the crankshaft.
  • the fact that the fuel metering system with the SFD 4 is driven by definition in angular synchronism with the process cycle of the combustion engine 8 means that the opening angle of the SFD 4, that is, the pulse width of the fuel supply, per cylinder 6 expressed in crankshaft degrees is constant.
  • the opening time (pulse width) of the SFD 4 per cylinder 6 is therefore inversely proportional to the speed of the combustion engine 8. With increasing speed, the opening angle (in crankshaft degrees) remains constant, while the opening period of the SFD 4 decreases proportionally.
  • the load of the combustion engine 8 thus has no influence on either the opening angle or the opening period of the SFD 4.
  • a fuel flow Q flowing through the SFD 4 is chosen as control parameter.
  • the fuel pressure P is the only parameter which is varied for controlling the fuel flow.
  • the SFD in the case where it is not driven directly by the crankshaft 16 via line 26, is synchronized with respect to the crankshaft 16 by means of the FCU 14.
  • the FCU 14 via the lines 18 and 20, respectively, there are supplied to the FCU 14 an external reference angle signal and a signal representing the load of the combustion engine 8, so that the FCU 14 via the FPC 1 changes the fuel flow Q through an adjustment of the fuel pressure P.
  • the FCU 14 can, for instance, be of a mechanical, electrical, pneumatic and/or hydraulic nature.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the distributing device 4 which can be used as SFD in the system according to FIG. 2.
  • This distributing device 4 comprises a rotor 13 bearing-mounted in a stator 30 and a drive mechanism 15 which, in the case where the rotor 13 is not linked directly to the crankshaft 16, drives the rotor 13 in a different manner, known per se, such as, for instance, mechanically, electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically.
  • the rotor is driven in angular synchronism with the crankshaft.
  • the rotor 13 comprises outflow orifices 34 sequentially brought into throughflow communication with throughflow orifices 36 of the stator 30.
  • the fuel is fed continuously via a supply orifice 36 of the distributing device 4 to the interior 40 of the rotor 13.
  • the outflow orifices 34 of the rotor 13 are sequentially brought into communication with the corresponding throughflow orifices 36 of the stator 30, the arrangement being such that the fuel is fed sequentially via the lines 10.1-10.4 to the cylinders 6 of the combustion engine 8.
  • the throughflow orifices of the stator or the outflow orifices of the rotor are designed as slots extending in tangential direction.
  • FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the distributing device 4 according to FIG. 2 which can be used as SFD.
  • FIG. 6 shows only one part of the distributing device 4 which is used for feeding fuel through line 10.1.
  • a comparable device is employed for the lines 10.2-10.4 .
  • these devices are controlled by one and the same rotor.
  • the rotor 13 shown in FIG. 6 only constitutes a control element, with the fuel being led to, for instance, a 2/2 valve 42, known per se, which valve 42 has two positions and two connections.
  • the rotor 13 can operate the valve 42, for instance, mechanically, electrically, hydraulically, or pneumatically.
  • a hydraulic control is provided.
  • the 2/2 valve 42 is here formed by a spring-loaded monostable valve with closed zero position.
  • FIG. 7 shows a second particular embodiment of a fuel metering system according to FIG. 1, in which the system comprises a variable flow resistance 60, hereinafter designated by FMV (Fuel Metering Valve).
  • FMV Full Metering Valve
  • the SFD according to FIG. 7 can for instance be formed by the particular embodiments thereof as discussed in relation to FIGS. 2-6.
  • the FMV 60 too, can be driven mechanically, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically, and is either controlled by the FCU 14 or, for the purpose of the control, is connected directly with the throttle valve 12 for the combustion air.
  • the flow resistance 60 can also be integrated into distributing device 4'.
  • This form of distributing devices 4' is hereinafter designated by SFM (Sequential Fuel Metering), because the SFM 4' not only distributes the fuel sequentially, as the SFD does, but also meters it.
  • FIG. 8 shows a first embodiment of a distributing device 4' which can be used as SFM, in which a shut-off element 62, which is provided with throughflow orifices 63, is arranged in the stator 30 of the distributing device 4' of FIG. 3.
  • the shut-off element 62 is driven by means of an adjusting mechanism, so that the fuel flow Qi between the outflow orifices 34 and the throughflow orifices 36 is adjustable, optionally per individual throughflow orifice 63.
  • the adjusting mechanism 28 is controlled either by the FCU 14 or by the throttle valve 12. In the latter case, the adjusting mechanism can be connected directly to the throttle valve 12.
  • the outlets 10.i are, as shown in axial direction, staggered relative to each other. It is also possible, however, as discussed in relation to FIG. 3, that the outlets are in an axial plane and hence assume a star configuration.
  • the angle of the orifice in the rotor is, for instance, 90 degrees, and the angle between the outlets (360/n) is less, then always two or more outlets are simultaneously in communication with the rotor orifice. From the point of view of measurement and control technique, this means that two outlets are communicated with each other, resulting in a Y-shaped circuit of flow resistances: from the supply chamber via a series resistance (rotor) to two parallel resistances (outlets). Both the ratio of the parallel resistances (possibly not entirely equal) and the pressures at the outlets (definitely not constant) then influence the distribution of the flow over the parallel branches. That is undesired. In the design with axially staggered outlets, as shown in FIG. 8, this problem does not arise.
  • FIG. 9 shows a transverse cross section of a second embodiment of a distributing device 4', which can be used as SFM, in which the fuel does not flow through the rotor, but in which the rotor 13 constitutes a control element, in the same manner as the rotor 13 in FIG. 6, which operates a number of valves 64 for the fuel supply to the different cylinders 6.
  • the distributing device 4' in this example is of mechanical design, but it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the valves 64 can also be controlled electrically, hydraulically, or pneumatically.
  • the number of valves 64 corresponds with the number of cylinders 6 of the combustion engine 8.
  • the distributing device 4' also comprises a flow resistance ring 70 functioning as shut-off element.
  • the fuel to be metered and distributed flows via a central supply line 72, located within the resistance ring 70, through an orifice 74 of the flow resistance ring 70, into the valve 64 which, depending on the rotor 13, clears the connection to the cylinder 6 in question.
  • the variation of the passage area with the resistance element is a primary control parameter, i.e. for every load condition of the engine, the FCU sets a particular flow resistance.
  • FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a third particular embodiment of a fuel metering system according to FIG. 1, which system comprises a sequentially operating distributing device 4" which is dynamically driven by a servomotor 15 and meters and distributes the fuel depending on the input signals of the FCU 14.
  • the rotor can also be driven mechanically, pneumatically, or otherwise.
  • DSFM 4" Dynamic Sequential Fuel Metering
  • the metering function is realized through a dynamic variation of the angle of rotation of the rotor 13, while the mechanical construction of the distributing device 4" can correspond substantially to all of the above-mentioned distributing devices according to FIGS. 3-9.
  • the rotor 13 of the distributing device 4" in contrast with the above-mentioned designs of distributing devices, is not driven in angular synchronism with the crankshaft 16 but instead is successively accelerated and decelerated in its rotary movement. Accordingly, for the variation of the fuel flow, the pulse width is chosen as control parameter. By changing the ratio of the times in which the throughflow orifices 36 are partly opened or closed, the average fuel flow Q can be regulated. It is essential that rotor 13 of the distributing device 4", in any case within the opening phase of the inlet valves (not shown) of the cylinders 6, continues to feed the fuel Qi, so that the sequential character is maintained.
  • the angle of rotation of the rotor 13 is a function of the instantaneous angle of rotation of the crankshaft. So, with respect to the crankshaft, the rotor 13 of the DSFM 4" is temporarily set out of phase in a predetermined manner.
  • the block diagram of a fuel metering system according to the DSFM principle in FIG. 10 thus corresponds functionally with the block diagram of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 11 an alternative embodiment of a distributing device 4" is shown, which can be used as DSFM 4".
  • a bistable 2/2 valve 80.1 that is, a valve having a stable open position and a stable closed position, is controlled electrically.
  • the device shown in FIG. 11 regulates the fuel metering for line 10.1.
  • Similar valves 80.2-80.4 (not shown) are used here.
  • two rotors 32, 32' are used, on each of which are arranged a number of pulse discs 82.1-82.4, 82.1'-82.4', corresponding in number with the number of 2/2 valves 80.1-80.4.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show the dynamic drive of the DSFM 4".
  • FIG. 12 the truly angle-synchronous course is described by line A.
  • the supply to a first cylinder 6 is opened at an angle of rotation ( ⁇ ) of 45° and subsequently closed at an angle of rotation ( ⁇ ) of 135°.
  • ⁇ angle of rotation
  • a shorter open time arises by traversing the open position of the distributing device (DSFM) 4" faster (line B).
  • line C A longer open time arises by traversing the open position of the distributing device 4" more slowly (line C).
  • the minimum open time t min arises by traversing the open position of the distributing device 4" at maximum speed (line D) and a maximum open time t max is achieved by traversing the closed position at maximum speed (line E). It will be clear that the open time of the distributing device 4" can be adjusted between these limits by the FCU 14.
  • the rotor is temporarily driven continuously.
  • Continuous drive ⁇ is here understood explicitly to refer also to the continuous drive of the rotor which can be stopped temporarily. However, at the time when the rotor rotates, this will always be a continuous, i.e. not discontinuous, rotary movement.
  • a second control parameter is available when the opening characteristic of the DSFM 4" is given a course other than a purely maximally open/fully closed character.
  • the distributing device then comprises at least one throughflow orifice through which the fuel flows, with the area (O) of the throughflow orifice being a function of the angle of rotation of the rotor 13. This can be effected, for instance, by adjusting the shape of the outflow orifice 34 and/or the inflow orifice 36 in the distributing device according to FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 13 shows three possible opening characteristics which can thus be realized.
  • Area diagram 1 is the idealized open/closed characteristic.
  • a symmetrical triangle (diagram 2) and a saw tooth (diagram 3) are shown, where the saw tooth with optionally flat and/or less variable inclinations seems most suitable for this application.
  • the fuel pressure P can be controlled by the FCU 14 via the FPC 1, which, however, is not necessary.
  • FIG. 14 depicts the idealized time diagrams of the quantity of fuel supplied to the engine 8 according to the above-discussed different fuel metering systems.
  • a high fuel supply is denoted by a dotted line and a comparatively lower fuel supply is denoted by a broken line.
  • Shown at A is the maximum pulse width, limited by the opening angle of the inlet valve, in which fuel can be supplied to a cylinder N, with the engine speed following from a period T as shown in FIG. 14.
  • the ratio of the open and closed times of the inlet valves of the cylinders is fixed and is determined by the crankshaft.
  • the duration of the open and closed times depends inversely proportionally on the engine speed.
  • B shows the fuel pulse diagram of the SFD and SFM.
  • the ratio between open and closed times of the SFD/SFM is constant, because no pulse width change is possible and because it is independent of the period T.
  • the height of the fuel pulses that is, the quantity of fuel supplied to the cylinders, is dependent on the engine load.
  • the SFD it is set by means of the FPC and/or the FMV and in the SFM by means of the integrated flow resistance element, whether or not in combination with the FPC.
  • C and D show characteristics of the DSFM, where in diagram C the fuel is supplied to the DSFM at a constant pressure and in D the control range is increased in that the fuel pressure can be varied.
  • the ratio of the open and closed times is not constant in either case.
  • the open time of the DSFM is set. From the period T then follows the resultant closed time.
  • the invention is not in any way limited to the embodiments described hereinabove.
  • a pulse width control with two rotor/stator combinations.
  • a first and a second rotor/stator combination according to one of the types described above, in, for instance, FIG. 3 and/or FIG. 8, are connected in series.
  • the first and the second stator combination have a variable phase difference, the arrangement being such that the second rotor/stator combination closes a passage to the cylinders before the first rotor/stator combination does so.
  • the second rotor/stator combination arranged downstream of the first rotor/stator combination, has n-inlets (instead of one) and n-outlets, because branches downstream of the first rotor/stator combination must remain separate.
  • a similar system can be realized in accordance with the invention with one stator and two rotors rotating around each other.
  • a tangentially and/or axially adjustable flow resistance element is mounted on or in the rotor and in or adjacent the cylinder instead of in the stator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
US08/836,532 1994-10-31 1995-10-31 Fuel metering system for sequentially feeding fuel to the cylinders of a combustion engine Expired - Fee Related US5924408A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL940187 1994-10-31
NL9401807A NL9401807A (nl) 1994-10-31 1994-10-31 Brandstofdoseringssysteem voor het sequentieel toevoeren van brandstof aan de cilinders van een verbrandingsmotor.
PCT/NL1995/000374 WO1996013659A1 (en) 1994-10-31 1995-10-31 Fuel metering system for sequentially feeding fuel to the cylinders of a combustion engine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5924408A true US5924408A (en) 1999-07-20

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US08/836,532 Expired - Fee Related US5924408A (en) 1994-10-31 1995-10-31 Fuel metering system for sequentially feeding fuel to the cylinders of a combustion engine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5924408A (nl)
EP (1) EP0795080B1 (nl)
AT (1) ATE191542T1 (nl)
AU (1) AU694811B2 (nl)
CA (1) CA2204167C (nl)
DE (1) DE69516171T2 (nl)
NL (1) NL9401807A (nl)
WO (1) WO1996013659A1 (nl)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6250284B1 (en) * 1997-03-26 2001-06-26 Justin Lamp Engine with fuel delivery system
US20120210980A1 (en) * 2011-01-22 2012-08-23 Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. Enclosure for high pressure fuel rail
US20130345951A1 (en) * 2011-03-09 2013-12-26 Mobilizer Limited Engine performance modification or tuning kit

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19904074A1 (de) * 1999-02-02 2000-08-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Zuführeinrichtung für ein flüssiges Medium

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955583A (en) * 1958-09-03 1960-10-11 Borg Warner Fuel injection mechanism
US4184465A (en) * 1976-06-03 1980-01-22 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co., Ltd. Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
US4200074A (en) * 1977-05-23 1980-04-29 Nippon Soken, Inc. Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine
DE2921766A1 (de) * 1979-05-29 1980-12-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einrichtung bei einer brennkraftmaschine zur kraftstoffzumessung und verteilung
DE3618447A1 (de) * 1986-05-31 1987-12-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
EP0361199A2 (de) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-04 Pierburg Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzsystem
WO1994005908A1 (en) * 1992-09-07 1994-03-17 G and A Tanácsadó Kft. Fuel injection system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955583A (en) * 1958-09-03 1960-10-11 Borg Warner Fuel injection mechanism
US4184465A (en) * 1976-06-03 1980-01-22 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co., Ltd. Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
US4200074A (en) * 1977-05-23 1980-04-29 Nippon Soken, Inc. Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine
DE2921766A1 (de) * 1979-05-29 1980-12-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einrichtung bei einer brennkraftmaschine zur kraftstoffzumessung und verteilung
DE3618447A1 (de) * 1986-05-31 1987-12-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
EP0361199A2 (de) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-04 Pierburg Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzsystem
WO1994005908A1 (en) * 1992-09-07 1994-03-17 G and A Tanácsadó Kft. Fuel injection system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6250284B1 (en) * 1997-03-26 2001-06-26 Justin Lamp Engine with fuel delivery system
US6382146B2 (en) 1997-03-26 2002-05-07 Justin Lamp Engine with fuel delivery system
US20120210980A1 (en) * 2011-01-22 2012-08-23 Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. Enclosure for high pressure fuel rail
US8844500B2 (en) * 2011-01-22 2014-09-30 Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. Enclosure for high pressure fuel rail
US20130345951A1 (en) * 2011-03-09 2013-12-26 Mobilizer Limited Engine performance modification or tuning kit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3857195A (en) 1996-05-23
DE69516171D1 (de) 2000-05-11
EP0795080B1 (en) 2000-04-05
WO1996013659A1 (en) 1996-05-09
EP0795080A1 (en) 1997-09-17
ATE191542T1 (de) 2000-04-15
CA2204167A1 (en) 1996-05-09
DE69516171T2 (de) 2000-12-14
AU694811B2 (en) 1998-07-30
NL9401807A (nl) 1996-06-03
CA2204167C (en) 2003-11-25

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