US582322A - Frangible seal and nozzle for bottles - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

, A. W. STORM. FRANGIBLE-SEAL AND NOZZLE FOR BOTTLES.

N0. 582,322. Patented May 11', 1897.

MZieJi: Inventor.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT UFFIQE.

ALFRED XV. STORM, OF RAMSEY, NEW? JERSEY, ASSIGN OR OF ONE-TENTH TO THOMAS S. CRANE, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

FRANGIBLESEAL AND NOZZLE FOR BOTTLES.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 582,322, dated May 11, 1897.

Application filed January 22,1896. Serial No. 576,417. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALFRED W. STORM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ramsey, Bergen county, New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Frangible Seals and Nozzles for Bottles, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of this invention is to furnish a construction forhermetically securingliquids in glass bottles and to facilitate the breaking of such seal and the use of the contents when the bottle is broken. To facilitate the hermetic sealing of the bottle, the neckis reduced abruptly to a nozzle of materially smaller diameter and less in strength than the neck of the bottle, by which construction the tip of the nozzle can be melted in a blowpipe-fiame with very great despatch and a low degree of heat.

By making the nozzle materially smaller than the neck it is adapted to furnish a most convenient spout for pouring the contents, if valuable or corrosive, into other bottles or receptacles without any spilling or dripping of the fluid, and it may also be readily broken after it is hermetically sealed. A nick is preferably made in the base of the nozzle to determine the point of breakage.

By making the nozzle materially smaller than the neck it possesses but little strength and thus requires protection in transportation, and I therefore form the neck of the bottle below the contracted portion with a suitable seat and apply a detachable cap to the same to cover and protect the nozzle. The cap also serves to prevent the evaporation of the bot-' tles contents after the nozzle is broken and before the contents are entirely removed. When the nozzle is thus sealed and protected by a cap, the bottle forms a sealed package which can be safely transported and whose contents are absolutely protected from leakage.

By forming a nick upon the side of the nozzle near its junction with the neck it is readily adapted to fracture transversely, so as to form an efficient spout; but the shortness of such nozzle if it be rescaled by melting the glass distinguishes it clearly in appearance from the original nozzle and thus shows that the bottle is not an original package.

The initial length of the nozzle (which may be made uniform, so as to become known to the public) or the nick upon the same, which is destroyed in opening the bottle, thus serves, when present, to guarantee the genuineness of the bottles contents.

Tofacilitate the filling or emptying of the bottle through a relatively small nozzle, the bottle-neck is preferably formed with another nozzle to serve as an air-vent, and I have shown such a construction in the annexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is'a side elevation of the bottle, (broken transversely for want of room in the drawing,) with a cap fitted to a screw-thread upon the neck of the bottle, and one of the nozzles,as well as the cap, being shown in section at the center line where hatched. Two nozzles are shown upon the bottle in Fig. 1; and Fig. 2 represents the neck of the same bottle with the nozzles brokenin readiness to use the contents. Fig. 3 represents the neck of a bottle with a conical ground seat and the nozzle in its unsealed condition. Fig. 4: represents such bottle-neck with the nozzle sealed and a cap fitted to the ground seat. Figs. 3 and 4 may be taken to represent a bottle-neck provided with a single nozzle, or with two nozzles, as in Fig. 1, viewed laterally, so that one nozzle would hide the other. A dotted curve 0 is shown in Fig. 4 to represent the depression between the nozzles, which is apparent in Fig. 1.

A is the body of the bottle, B the neck of the same, and O C the nozzles extended upward from the neck. The neck is tapered upwardly into the base of each nozzle, so that an edge View of the two nozzles, which are represented in Fig. 1, would appear the same as the view of the single nozzle shown in Fig. 4, and the top of the neck just below the tapering portion is provided with a screw-thread D, Figs. 1 and 2, or conical ground seat D, as in Fig. 4. p

A metallic cap E is shown fitted to the screw-thread D and extended over the nozzles C O in Fig. 1, and a glass or vitreous cap E is shown fitted to the ground seat D in Fig. 4 and extended over the nozzle. Such nozzle is lettered C as it may, differently from Fig. 1, designate a single nozzle upon the bottleneck, and the nozzle in Fig. 3 is designated C as it represents the unsealed nozzle or nozzles when first made by the glass-blower in readiness for filling the bottle and subsequent sealing. A nick F is shown upon each sealed nozzle transversely across the same near its junction with the neck B, and such a nick is readily formed after the nozzle is sealed by means of a file or diamond, and produces a square fracture across the tube of the nozzle when the latter is struck laterally'above the nick.

The nozzles being much weaker than the neck of the.bottle require the protection of the cap E or E during transportation before the bottle is opened, while the construction of the nozzle and its neck is exactly adapted to facilitate the opening of the package by a light blow upon the nozzle, which may be effected with a lead-pencil, penknife, or any other agent, requiring much less force than the extraction of a cork.

The cap E or E is made of suitable height to inclose the nozzles in their initial condition; but it is obvious that the nozzles, if resealed after they are broken off, as shown in Fig. 2, would not project anywhere near to the top of the cap.

Any one familiar with the initial appearance of such nozzles that is to say, with their ordinary length when first sealed and the visible nick F upon the side of eachwould readily discover that the bottle had been tampered with if it were exhibited to him with the broken nozzles rescaled; and the construction thus furnishes an effective means of preventing the fraudulent refilling of bottles, and without the use of any mechanism or valve fixtures of any kind.

In filling the bottle with single neck the filling-tube would be made small enough to pass downward through a single nozzle, the space between the tube and nozzle permitting the air to escape, but where two nozzles are provided the liquid is introduced or removed from one and the other furnishes an air-vent, which permits a very free and rapid movement of the liquid.

My invention may be practiced with a bot tle of any suitable vitreous material adapted for hermetically sealing by the use of a flame or blowpipe applied to the tip of the nozzle.

The whole device, when sealed, constitutes a sealed liquid-package in which the contents are hermetically inclosed and the nozzle protected from accidental injury.

I am aware that bottle-mouths have been scaled by fusion and by welding glass caps upon the same, and I do not, therefore, claim the mere hermetical sealing of a bottle by such means. A nick formed in the side of a bottle-neck is not, as experience shows, capable of insuring a perfect fracture across the neck of the bottle when struck to break oif the same, as the strength of an ordinary bottleneck is such as to require considerable force to fracture it.

I am aware that detachable caps have been used upon bottles having open necks, as in receptacles for mucilage, syrups, and liquors; but I am not aware that a detachable cap has ever been employed to protect a nozzle 11ermetically sealed with a delicate point which would be readily injured by concussion, and the cap thus performs a special function in protecting a nozzle which is made of much smaller diameter than the bottle-neck, so that it will be much weaker relatively than the neck.

I am aware that it has been proposed to weld glass buttons, disks, and caps of various kinds upon a bottle-neck, but my construction diifers essentially from this in closing the outletto the neck itself and in facilitating such closure with a blowpipe by forming the neck with an abruptly -reduced nozzle. I hereby disclaim the mere use of a cap or the use of fusion for hermetically scaling a bot tle-neck, as my invention involves the abrupt reduction of the neck to form the nozzle and the arrangement of the seat upon the unreduced portion of the neck below the base of the nozzle.

The advantages of my invention will be apparent from the fact that the strength of the nozzle varies with the square of the diameterif of the same thickness as the neck; but as it would not need to be more than one-half of the thickness of the neck it maybe broken with one-eighth or one-sixteenth of the force required to sever the neck. The same proportion holds good in regard to the heat required to seal such nozzle, and not more than one-eighth or one-sixteenth of the heat would be required that would be necessary to fuse the neck of the bottle, and my device thus f urnishes a very economical seal and the most convenient and effective means of breaking the same,while preserving a practicable spout for future use upon the bottle.

If the nozzle were tapered materially from its base toward its point, it would be stronger at the base than at any intermediate place and would be more difiicult to fracture at a given point. I therefore make the nozzles parallel, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, by which construction a lateral blow upon the nozzle tends, by its leverage, to break it off as square as possible to the base, and a nick formed adjacent to the base thus readily determines the point of fracture.

It will be noticed that the tendency of the nozzle to fracture without injury to the neck of the bottle is greatly enhanced by reducing the bottle-neck abruptly, as shown in the drawings, to form the projecting nozzle, so that a very considerable difference in the relative strength of the neck and nozzle is produced within a very short distance,which determines with more certainty the point where the nozzle is liable to break when struck laterally.

IIO

It will also be understood that the nick when formed near the base of the nozzle, as shown in Fig. 1, lies intermediate to the strong or unreduced portion of the bottle-neck and the projecting nozzle, which is materially smaller than the neck,- so that the portion below the nick is much stronger than the portion above the nick. The nick thus lies in the best position to facilitate a transverse fracture of the nozzle, as the portion below the nick is of so much greater strength than that above the same that a lateral blow upon the nozzle has no tendency to break or shatter the portion below the nick. I have therefore claimed a lateral nick upon the nozzle in this relation to the bottle-neck where its dimensions are reduced to form the nozzle.

Having thus set forth the nature of myinvention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A sealed liquidpackage comprising a vitreous bottle having the neck reduced abruptly near the top to an integral contracted nozzle of parallel tubular form with hermetically-sealed end, the nozzle being materially less in strength than the neck and provided near the base with a transverse nick to determine the point of fracture, and the neck being provided below the contracted portion with a seat to receive a cap, and a 'cap fitted detachably to the seat to cover such nozzle and protect the point from injury, the whole arranged and operated substantially as herein set forth.

2. A sealed liquidpackage, comprising a vitreous bottle having a neck extended into two reduced nozzles, said nozzles being hermetically sealed and provided each with a transverse nick to facilitate breakage, and a cap being fitted detachably over the nozzles and secured upon the neck by a suitable tight joint, the cap performing the double function of protecting the nozzles until broken, and thereafter preventing the evaporation of the bottles contents, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a vitreous bottle having the neck provided with a screw-thread and extended into two reduced nozzles of suitable length to be hermetically sealed and fractured transversely without injury to the bottle-neck or thread, such nozzles serving respectively as an inlet and outlet in filling or discharging the bottle, and the thread being ada'ptedto receive a detachable cap, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' ALFRED STORM.

Witnesses:

THOMAS S. CRANE, EDWARD 1 KINSEY.

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