US5667338A - Spill containment system - Google Patents

Spill containment system Download PDF

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Publication number
US5667338A
US5667338A US08/515,673 US51567395A US5667338A US 5667338 A US5667338 A US 5667338A US 51567395 A US51567395 A US 51567395A US 5667338 A US5667338 A US 5667338A
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United States
Prior art keywords
curtain
vessel
canisters
hull
containment system
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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US08/515,673
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English (en)
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Ronald Logan
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/082—Arrangements for minimizing pollution by accidents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
    • Y10S210/918—Miscellaneous specific techniques
    • Y10S210/922—Oil spill cleanup, e.g. bacterial
    • Y10S210/923—Oil spill cleanup, e.g. bacterial using mechanical means, e.g. skimmers, pump

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in the containment of environmentally toxic or contaminating spills. More particularly, it relates to improvements in containing the escape of environmentally hazardous material from vessels such as tanker, ships or barges into lakes, oceans, rivers, and shorelines.
  • Such booms were also often unmanageable in rough seas, and were not capable of containing oil seeping from the bottom of a tanker which had run aground.
  • Some devices have been designed for installation on tanker ships to deal with oil spills from the hull wherever the ship may be on the open ocean, in harbour, or at a pumping station.
  • this invention provides a system which may be mounted on deck or within the hull of the vessel so that it is not exposed to damage from collision or impact. It is also the purpose of this invention to provide a containment system which completely encircles the vessel so as to be effective even when the source of the leakage or spill is not accessible.
  • a spill containment system in accordance with the present invention, which comprises a containment curtain capable of extending continuously around the vessel and having a vertical dimension capable of extending from a height above the waterline to a depth below the waterline, a series of canisters capable of receiving the containment curtain in folded configuration therein, cable guide means associated with said curtain capable of raising said curtain into a folded configuration or releasing said curtain to hang vertically, and a deployment mechanism having an articulated arm connected to said canisters and operable to move said canisters containing said folded curtain from a storage position inboard of the hull of the vessel to a deployed position outboard of the hull of the vessel.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a tanker ship equipped with a containment system of the present invention installed;
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the ship in FIG. 1 with the containment system deployed;
  • FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the ship in FIG. 2 with the containment curtain deployed;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tanker in FIG. 1 showing the position of the system stored on deck;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross section which shows the system of FIG. 4 partly deployed
  • FIG. 6 is a cross section which illustrates the system of FIG. 4 fully deployed
  • FIG. 7 is a more detailed cross-sectional view of the features of the system in the deployed configuration
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative design for the installation of the system.
  • FIG. 9 is an isometric view of the system stored on deck
  • FIG. 10 is a cut-away view of the method of storage of the containment system
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the containment system stored on deck
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram of the cables by which the containment system is deployed or retracted
  • FIG. 13 is an isometric view of the canisters containing the containment system and drains
  • FIG. 14 is a cut-away view which illustrates the means by which the canisters and the containment apparatus is stored;
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the configuration as the apparatus is moved into position for deployment
  • FIG. 16 illustrates the containment apparatus in the process of deployment
  • FIG. 17 illustrates the containment curtain fully deployed at substantial depth
  • FIG. 18 shows the curtain in FIG. 17 closed at the bottom.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 show the system in general schematic illustrations.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a ship 2 designed to carry petroleum or other such commodities which are capable of escaping and damaging the environment.
  • a spill containment system 6 located inboard from the hull 8 and running continuously around the ship near the rail 18.
  • the system features a continuous collapsed containment apparatus 10 and a series of deployment mechanisms 12.
  • FIG. 2 the containment apparatus 10 is shown removed from storage and deployed outboard of the hull 8 where it surrounds the ship.
  • the deployment is effected by the deployment mechanism 12 using the articulated arms 14.
  • FIG. 3 the system is illustrated with the ship 2 completely surrounded by the containment apparatus 10 which hangs downward below the waterline 10, suspended from the canisters 16 which are supported by the arms 14 referred to above and shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the system in which the deployment mechanism 12 and the articulated arm 14 are mounted on the deck inboard from the rail 18, and the hull 8 is mostly submerged below the waterline 20.
  • the canister 16 At the end of the articulated arm is the canister 16 in which the containment curtain 24 is collapsed and stored on decks when the system is not in use.
  • FIG. 5 the system is partially deployed and the canister 16 is shown at the end of the articulated arm 14 raised above and outboard of the rail 18 in a position ready for deployment of the containment curtain.
  • FIG. 6 the partially deployed system is shown in dotted lines, and the fully deployed system is shown with the articulated arm 14 extending outwardly from the vessel supporting the canister 16 substantially above the waterline, and the containment curtain 24 which previously was folded within the canister 16 is hanging vertically into the water at a substantial depth so as to separate the spilled oil or other containment 22 from the rest of the ocean 20.
  • cables 26 which serve to retract the containment curtain and control it laterally so that it folds into a configuration capable of entering the canister 16 for storage.
  • Weights 28 may be used to help deploy the curtain and hold it vertical in the water.
  • FIG. 7 shows the deployed containment system in greater detail with the partially deployed system shown in dotted lines.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an alternative system in which the deployment mechanism 12, the canister 16, and the arm 14 are stored, when not in use, in a recess below deck so that they are sheltered from the arms and protected against damage.
  • FIGS. 9 to 16 show the construction and operation of the system shown in FIGS. 1 to 8.
  • FIG. 9 is an isometric illustration of the system schematically represented in FIGS. 1 to 8 and shows the hull 8 and rail 18 behind which are the canisters 16 which house the folded and stored containment curtain 24.
  • One of the deployment mechanisms 12 and one of the articulated arms 14 are also illustrated.
  • a further improvement is illustrated in the form of a wave barrier or deflector 30 mounted in front of the canisters to prevent damage to the system in high seas, especially when the vessel is riding low in the water.
  • FIG. 10 the canister and storage system for the containment curtain is shown in greater detail with the articulated arms 14 connected to the canisters 16.
  • the containment curtain should be continuous and uninterrupted both vertically and around the periphery of the vessel.
  • the canister 16 which houses and deploys the curtain must extend around the entire periphery. However, they are separate pieces, although they are connected together in a manner which will be described in greater detail later.
  • the curtain 24 is folded up into the canister by means of the cables 32 which not only raise the curtain but contain them laterally in the shape illustrated prior to entry into the canister.
  • the cables 32 are led out or retracted through the guide system 34 which leads back to the arm 14 and the deployment mechanism 12 from which the cables are operated.
  • peripheral length of the curtain required to surround the vessel at a distance outboard of the hull is somewhat greater than the peripheral distance of the stored system around the deck inboard of the rail, the difference in those dimensions is accommodated by the undulating configuration of the curtain shown in FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of the system illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10 in which the curtain 24 is folded and retracted within the canister 16 connected to the arm 14.
  • the wave deflector 30 is positioned in front of the canisters.
  • a locking mechanism is provided in which a pin 36 is designed to engage a recess 38 when the system is not in use, and the pin can be retracted by the hydraulic piston 40 to release the canister when the system needs to be used.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the cable guide system of the illustrated embodiment by which the cables 32, which extend to the bottom of the containment curtain, are led back through the guides 34 to the arm 14 and ultimately to the deployment mechanism 12 where they can be operated to let out or retract the curtain as needed.
  • the curtain is folded and foreshortened by an undulating pattern.
  • an additional feature is provided in the form of a folding assembly 42 which assists in managing the curtain 24 and may also serve as a flotation device for the curtain.
  • FIG. 15 the canisters 16 are shown partially moved towards the outboard position and are therefore separated at 17 to provide the additional peripheral dimension.
  • the undulations of the curtain 24 are beginning to be stretched longitudinally, and the folding assemblies 42 are expanding to accommodate this dimension. This is made possible by the folding assemblies being hinged at the corners 44 near the top and 46 near the bottom.
  • the folding assemblies are controlled and lifted or lowered by means of cables at the upper corners 48 opposite the pivot points 44.
  • FIG. 16 the system is illustrated deployed outboard from the rail or hull of the vessel and the canisters 16 are fully separated to extend the curtain to its full peripheral length and the folding assemblies 42 are pivoted to the horizontal position at 90 degrees to the stored position illustrated in FIG. 14, and the curtain 24 has been partially lowered from the containers and folding assembly to the water level.
  • the cables 26 which control the curtain, and the weights 28 are also illustrated, as are the cables 32 which control the folding assembly.
  • the cables 26 are retracted to fold the curtain and lift it up into the folding assemblies 42 which are then returned to the vertical position, as illustrated in FIG. 14, so as to create the folds necessary to shorten the peripheral dimension of the system, and the entire combination can be retracted into the container 16 which can be pulled back onboard or into the hold of the vessel.
  • the folding assemblies 42 may be constructed of a material of sufficiently light weight and volume so as to constitute a flotation system at the top end of the curtain. This would allow the curtain to be dropped to its maximum depth in the water while the flotation system holds the top of the curtain at or above the waterline so that the spill can be contained but access to the surface of the spill for fire fighters may be achieved.
  • FIG. 17 a containment curtain 10a of modified design is illustrated similar to that shown in FIG. 3 except that the curtain has a substantial vertical depth and the bottom edge 50 is connected to a cord or cable 52 at intervals.
  • This modified design allows the bottom end of the curtain to be closed by drawing tight on the cable 52 to gather the bottom or hem of the curtain as shown in FIG. 18. This arrangement would allow the system to be used in situations where certain oils of heavy density show a tendency for particles of oil to sink under certain conditions, especially in cold water.
  • an environmental safety device may be installed on ships or barges to contain harmful cargoes in a compact and orderly manner, protected from damage by collision or impact with a wharf, out of the way for workers and equipment near the rail, and ready for deployment wherever the vessel may encounter difficulty or a spill is created.
  • the system When needed, the system may be deployed by releasing the canister locks, raising the canister by means of the deployment mechanism and the articulated arms to suspend the canisters around the vessel above the water, and the cable guides may be released to allow the curtain to hang down into a substantial depth of water so that any cargo leaking from the hold can be contained between the curtain and the hull of the ship, regardless of whether the ship is aground or afloat.
  • the substantial vertical dimension will prevent leakage of the cargo beneath or above the curtain, and the fact that it is deployed at a distance from the hull, will provide sufficient area for collection of the volume of material which may have escaped from the hold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Curtains And Furnishings For Windows Or Doors (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
US08/515,673 1994-08-25 1995-08-16 Spill containment system Expired - Fee Related US5667338A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002130890A CA2130890C (en) 1994-08-25 1994-08-25 Spill containment system
CA2130890 1994-08-25

Publications (1)

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US5667338A true US5667338A (en) 1997-09-16

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US (1) US5667338A (no)
EP (1) EP0776295A1 (no)
JP (1) JPH10507707A (no)
KR (1) KR970705495A (no)
AU (1) AU687600B2 (no)
BR (1) BR9508681A (no)
CA (1) CA2130890C (no)
FI (1) FI970766A (no)
IS (1) IS4431A (no)
NO (1) NO970830L (no)
NZ (1) NZ290765A (no)
WO (1) WO1996006002A1 (no)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030221091A1 (en) * 2002-03-08 2003-11-27 Ip-First Llc Selective interrupt suppression
US20120020733A1 (en) * 2010-07-23 2012-01-26 Basavaraj Mahadevaiah Stationary Boom Support System
US20140116951A1 (en) * 2010-07-23 2014-05-01 Basavaraj Mahadevaiah Stationary Boom Support System

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2980164B1 (fr) * 2011-09-19 2014-07-11 Saipem Sa Support installe en mer equipe de reservoirs externes
FI124771B (fi) * 2013-04-30 2015-01-30 Meritaito Oy Öljyvuodontorjuntajärjestely ja öljypuomisäiliö
GB201311930D0 (en) * 2013-07-03 2013-08-14 Asset Risk Man & Analysis Ltd Defence system for water based vehicles and platforms
GB2521718B (en) * 2014-06-30 2015-11-04 Asset Risk Man & Analysis Ltd Defence system for water based vehicles and platforms
KR20240033114A (ko) 2018-06-01 2024-03-12 스틸헤드 엘엔지 (에이에스엘엔지) 엘티디. 액화 장치, 방법, 및 시스템

Citations (21)

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US3118412A (en) * 1962-10-17 1964-01-21 Robert D Smith Safety equipment for ships, barges and the like
US3599434A (en) * 1969-06-03 1971-08-17 Louis Missud Device for confining oil released by leakage during offshore oil drilling operations
US4249834A (en) * 1978-08-08 1981-02-10 Bouvier Julien J Oil spill containment device for aquatic vessels
US4559137A (en) * 1983-03-22 1985-12-17 Oy Lars Lunden Patent Ab Boom structure in an oil-spill-combatting system
US4960347A (en) * 1989-07-31 1990-10-02 Strange Booth B Ship-borne emergency oil containment system and method
US4964758A (en) * 1989-10-17 1990-10-23 Anatol Pekelny Floating oil enclosure barriers an dispensing means aboard an oil tanker for discharging without the aid of surface vessels
US4998845A (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-03-12 Smith Richard D Oil containment system for emergency use
US5002430A (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-03-26 Smith Richard D Oil containment system for emergency use
US5004372A (en) * 1990-06-27 1991-04-02 Dickie Gerald M Spill containment system
US5003908A (en) * 1989-04-17 1991-04-02 Wilson Robert A Control and limiting of oil spills from an ocean going tanker
US5051029A (en) * 1990-08-06 1991-09-24 Ecker Clifford G Marine spill containment method and apparatus
US5056957A (en) * 1990-05-16 1991-10-15 Wood Jr Jack S Oil spill recovery apparatus and method
US5064310A (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-11-12 Sullivan Stephen T Shipboard environmental barrier system and method
US5066164A (en) * 1990-12-20 1991-11-19 Geza Tomosy Spill containment device for a ship
US5071545A (en) * 1989-12-08 1991-12-10 Ashtary Parviz N Ship-mounted oil spill recovery apparatus
US5071287A (en) * 1990-03-21 1991-12-10 Ian Wallace Oil containment system
US5120159A (en) * 1989-12-29 1992-06-09 Black Stone Trust Oil containment system for emergency use
US5135325A (en) * 1991-07-29 1992-08-04 Eddy David L Emergency boom for use on a tanker
US5203273A (en) * 1991-05-23 1993-04-20 North Wind Undersea Institute, Inc. Oil spill rapid response, containment and stoppage method and apparatus
US5217611A (en) * 1989-07-11 1993-06-08 Giuseppe Ayroldi System and apparatus for the mechanical cleaning of water surfaces, even in the open, from floating pollutants
US5216973A (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-06-08 Gwinn Charles M Oil spill protector

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SE7900974L (sv) * 1979-02-05 1980-08-06 Setterberg Sven Erik Oljelensa for tankfartyg, oljeplattformar, eller dylikt
WO1991014618A1 (en) * 1990-03-26 1991-10-03 Andrei Kemp Oiltight skirt for vessels
US5338132A (en) * 1990-04-06 1994-08-16 Lahar Donald H Oil spill containment system
DE4024280A1 (de) * 1990-07-31 1992-02-06 Gerke Guenter Flexible fluessigkeitsbarriere, die einen ersatzschiffskoerper fuer fluessigkeitstransportierende schiffe bildet

Patent Citations (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3118412A (en) * 1962-10-17 1964-01-21 Robert D Smith Safety equipment for ships, barges and the like
US3599434A (en) * 1969-06-03 1971-08-17 Louis Missud Device for confining oil released by leakage during offshore oil drilling operations
US4249834A (en) * 1978-08-08 1981-02-10 Bouvier Julien J Oil spill containment device for aquatic vessels
US4559137A (en) * 1983-03-22 1985-12-17 Oy Lars Lunden Patent Ab Boom structure in an oil-spill-combatting system
US5003908A (en) * 1989-04-17 1991-04-02 Wilson Robert A Control and limiting of oil spills from an ocean going tanker
US5217611A (en) * 1989-07-11 1993-06-08 Giuseppe Ayroldi System and apparatus for the mechanical cleaning of water surfaces, even in the open, from floating pollutants
US4960347A (en) * 1989-07-31 1990-10-02 Strange Booth B Ship-borne emergency oil containment system and method
US4964758A (en) * 1989-10-17 1990-10-23 Anatol Pekelny Floating oil enclosure barriers an dispensing means aboard an oil tanker for discharging without the aid of surface vessels
US5071545A (en) * 1989-12-08 1991-12-10 Ashtary Parviz N Ship-mounted oil spill recovery apparatus
US4998845A (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-03-12 Smith Richard D Oil containment system for emergency use
US5002430A (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-03-26 Smith Richard D Oil containment system for emergency use
US5120159A (en) * 1989-12-29 1992-06-09 Black Stone Trust Oil containment system for emergency use
US5064310A (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-11-12 Sullivan Stephen T Shipboard environmental barrier system and method
US5071287A (en) * 1990-03-21 1991-12-10 Ian Wallace Oil containment system
US5056957A (en) * 1990-05-16 1991-10-15 Wood Jr Jack S Oil spill recovery apparatus and method
US5004372A (en) * 1990-06-27 1991-04-02 Dickie Gerald M Spill containment system
US5051029A (en) * 1990-08-06 1991-09-24 Ecker Clifford G Marine spill containment method and apparatus
US5066164A (en) * 1990-12-20 1991-11-19 Geza Tomosy Spill containment device for a ship
US5203273A (en) * 1991-05-23 1993-04-20 North Wind Undersea Institute, Inc. Oil spill rapid response, containment and stoppage method and apparatus
US5135325A (en) * 1991-07-29 1992-08-04 Eddy David L Emergency boom for use on a tanker
US5216973A (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-06-08 Gwinn Charles M Oil spill protector

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030221091A1 (en) * 2002-03-08 2003-11-27 Ip-First Llc Selective interrupt suppression
US20120020733A1 (en) * 2010-07-23 2012-01-26 Basavaraj Mahadevaiah Stationary Boom Support System
US20140116951A1 (en) * 2010-07-23 2014-05-01 Basavaraj Mahadevaiah Stationary Boom Support System
US9133593B2 (en) * 2010-07-23 2015-09-15 Basavaraj Mahadevaiah Stationary boom support system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0776295A1 (en) 1997-06-04
NO970830D0 (no) 1997-02-24
FI970766A (fi) 1997-04-21
CA2130890C (en) 2000-03-14
AU3159695A (en) 1996-03-14
CA2130890A1 (en) 1996-02-26
JPH10507707A (ja) 1998-07-28
BR9508681A (pt) 1998-01-13
NO970830L (no) 1997-04-17
FI970766A0 (fi) 1997-02-24
MX9701410A (es) 1997-09-30
WO1996006002A1 (en) 1996-02-29
NZ290765A (en) 1999-02-25
IS4431A (is) 1997-02-24
AU687600B2 (en) 1998-02-26
KR970705495A (ko) 1997-10-09

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