US537048A

US537048A - Spark-arrester

Info

Publication number: US537048A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1895-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 1912-04-09

Description

' ing to be a full, clear, and exact description vfrom steam-engines or other sources passes,

THOMAS LEE, or nous our, omo.

SPARK-ARRESTR.

` SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 587,048, dated April 9, 1895.

Application filedl'ovember 16,1394. Serial o. 520,0()0. (o model.)

To all whom t may concerns Be it known that I, THOMAS LEE, a citizen of the-United States, and aresident of Home City, Hamilton county, State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Spark-Arresters; and I do declare the followof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, attention being called to the accompanying drawings, with the reference-numerals marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. t

This rinvention relates to spark-arresters as, used on top of smoke-stacks for the purpose of detaining the red-hot cinders or sparks carried up by the smoke and it relates particularly to such stacks, through which in addition to the smoke, also the exhaust steam out, as for instance in locomotive smokestacks. Most spark arresters placed on top of such smoke-stacks have proved more or less a failure, by forming too much of animpediment to the free escape of the exhaust steam which, when coming in contact with them, condenses, the resulting water by dripping back onto the risingsteam, still further increasing the condensation, which in addition to the mire formed when coming in contact with the soot and cinders, also interferes With the draft. v

In locomotives where the maintenance of the fire for the purpose of holding the required steam-pressure in the boiler, is directly dependent on the draft produced by the steam escaping through the smoke-stack, any inter-- ference with such draft affects at once the tire and makes itself felt v'Ioy a reduction of the steam pressure in the boiler which lessens the working capacity of the locomotive. To lessen the deleterious effect of such interference with the draft by spark-arresters, particularly in the smoke-stacks of locomotives, is the object of my invention of which the following specification containsa description, together with its operation, parts and construction, which latter is also illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure l, is a Avertical section through the smoke-stack of a locomotive provided at its upper end with my improved spark-arrester.

per edge of the same.

Fig. 2, is a sectional top-view, taken ou line 2 2, of Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is a sectional detailview taken on a line 3-3, of Fig. 1.

6, is a part of a suitable smoke-stack, liaring outwardly at its upper end as shown at 7. Within this upper wider part is suitably supported, preferably by suspension from rods 8, a deector 9, being of the shape of an inverted cone, and of a size sufficiently reduced to leave an annular passage 10, between it and the outwardly Haring part 7, of the smokestack. Within this deflector and supported on its upper edge is a separator 1l, also of inverted cone-shape, but of less depth than the detiector cone, so -as to leave an air-space 12, between the two cones. This space is intended to serve as a non-conductor of heat and for such purpose may be left empty orbe packed with asbestos, mineral-Wool or other similar substances. The upper end of the outilaring part 7 of the smoke-stack is turned over inwardly and down as shown at 13, the downward -turn being at such an angle as to guide and throw the smoke and steam rising up in and entering from passage l0, against the opposite side of separator 1l, and below the up- By the time smoke and steam have made the required turn in their passage, toenable them to enter the separator and arrived against the opposite side of the same from where they entered, the velocity of their current and their density have decreased to such an extent as to make them unable to carry the cinders, thus far suspended, any

farther, which latter drop, partly before and` finally when coming in contact with the interior surface of the separator on which surface they slide down tc an outlet pipe 14, through which they pass off. Smoke and steam passoff in an opposite direction through an outlet above the separating cone. Around the upper edge of the latter is provided an inturned lip l5, which prevents any cinders, after once thrown against the inner surface of the separator, from being forced back again over the upper edge of the same'by the smoke rising therefrom.

l Part of the steam after arrivingwithin the separator becomes condensed by reason of this latter being cooler from its; exposure to the outer air, than the steam, which condensation also passes off through pipe 14'. Con- IOO densation of the steam rising within passage 10, is prevented by defiector 9, which keeps the former from coming in contact with the cooler under surface of the separator while the deflector is prevented from becoming cooled by reason of the non-conducting space 12, between the two cones. The provision of this space, obtained by the use of two cones, one within the other, prevents condensation of the steam rising up in passage 10, which otherwise ensues as soon as coming in contact with the coolerunder surface of cone 11. The water in dripping of'i from this surface would drop onto the rising steam below, thus carrying the effects of condensation still further and thereby producing the objectionable consequences alluded to before.

Condensation againstpipe 14, is prevented by a defiector 16, which keeps the rising steam from touching said pipe and is itself prevented from becoming cooled by an air-space left between it and said pipe. Passage 10, varies in width and becomes narrower toward the top, to prevent its total area from becoming too large by reason of the upwardly in- "e wcreasing diameter at the upper end of the stack and to retain its proper size proportional to the lower part of the latter. In the upper turn of this passage and piercing the inturned part of the stack, are apertures 18, preferably narrow slits, small enough to prevent cinders to pass, but sniciently large for steam to pass out to relieve its excessive pressure should it occur and cause possibly a choking of the passage at this point.

Part of the smoke and steam within cone 11, escapes occasionally downwardly through pipe 14, whereby the ready discharge of the separated cinders is assisted. Vapors so diverted are prevented however from passing clear out through pipe 14, bya flue 17, with au enlarged mouth, which intercepts their passage and conducts them back again to the top of the stack, where they join the general outlet.

As will be seen, a spark-arrester built in conformity with the explained construction prevents its interior parts from becoming rcooled in a manner to cause condensation 'and thereby the objectionable effect of the latter upon the draft is avoided.

Having described my invention, I claim as new- 1. In a spark-arrester, the combination of the upper, outwardly flaring part of the smokestack, havingits upper end turned in as shown, a cone 9, supported within this part of the stack and below its upper intu rned end, being ofsufiiciently reduced size to produce an annular passage between it and the stack, to permit smoke and steam to pass up and over its upper edge and depending with its closed point into the narrowing part of the stack to deflect and divert the rising smoke and steam into and over all parts of said annular passage, a cone 11, supported point downward within cone 9, and with its upper edge closely connected to the latter, but of less depth than the same, to produce an inclosed space 12 completely surrounding the under-surface ot' cone 11, which serves as a non-conductor of heat and by preventing cooling of the upper or inner surface of cone 9, obviates condensation on the under-surface thereof, an outlet for smoke and steam and an outlet for cinders precipitated within cone 11.

2. In a sparkfarrester, the combination ot' the upper outwardly Haring part of the smokestack, two inverted

cones

9 and 11, one within the other and connected at their edges, suspended therein, being ot' equal diameters but of dierent depths, whereby an air space is formed between them which prevents steam from coming in contact with the under-sur face of cone 11, an annular smoke-passage discharging the smoke into the inner cone, an outlet above the latter and an outlet in its lower end for the cinders.

3. In a spark-arrester, the combination of the upper outwardly flaring part of the smokestack, a separating chamber 11, suspended within this upper part, to receive the separated cinders, an annular passage for the rising smoke between this chamber and the outwardly fiaring part of the smoke-stack, such passage being completely separated and insulated throughout its entire height from chamber 11, by a completely closed air-space which intervenes between the two and is ot' even height with the passage.

4. In a spark-arrester, the combination of the upper, outwardly fiarin g part of the smokestack, having its upper end turned in and partly down as shown, a deflecting cone 9, supported within this part of the stack and below its upper inturned end, being of suiciently reduced size to produce an annular passage between it and the stack to permit smoke and steam to pass, a separating cone supported above this latter cone which receives the vapors rising in aforesaid annular passage, and is of reduced size to produce a space betwen the two cones whereby condensation below the upper cone is prevented, an outlet for vapors above the latter, an outlet pipe 14, for cinders in its lower partpassing out through the deilecting cone and the smoke-stack and a defiector below said pipe to prevent condensation on its under-surface.

5. In a spark-arrester, the combination of the upper, outwardly flaring part ofthe smokestack, having its upper end turned in and partly down as shown, a deflecting cone 9, supported within this part of the stack and below its upper inturned end, being of suflciently reduced size to produce an annular passage between it and the stack to permit smoke and steam to pass, a separating cone supported above it, receiving the discharge from aforesaid passage and being of reduced size to produce a space between the two cones whereby condensation on the under-surface ofthe upper cone is prevented, an outlet Vfor vapors above the latter, an outletfor cinders passing IOO IIO

out from its lower part and a iue 17, which prevents any vapors from passing out through said lower outlet and conducts them back to the general outlet above.

6. In a spark-arrester, the combination of the upper, outwardly flaring part of the smokestack, two inverted cones 9, and 1l supported within this part, an annular passage 10, between them and the wall of the stack, the upper end of the stack being turned over andin above the upper ends of the cones as shown at 13, to conduct the discharge from passage 10, into the upper one of the cones, apertures 18, in this inturned end of the smokestack to relieve possible excess of steam pressure and prevent choking in this turn'of passage 10, a closed space 12, between cones 9, and 1l, to prevent transmission of heat, a central outletabove the upper cone and an outlet from the lower'part thereof. i In testimony whereof I hereunto set .my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

THOMAS LEE.

Witnesses:

C. FINN, C. L. SPENGEL.