US5110276A - Extrusion die assembly - Google Patents

Extrusion die assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US5110276A
US5110276A US07/458,213 US45821389A US5110276A US 5110276 A US5110276 A US 5110276A US 45821389 A US45821389 A US 45821389A US 5110276 A US5110276 A US 5110276A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
die
plate
coextrusion
extruder
units
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US07/458,213
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John T. Farnsworth
Roger D. Johnson
Gary W. Obrecht
Linda A. Young
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nestec SA
Original Assignee
Nestec SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nestec SA filed Critical Nestec SA
Priority to US07/458,213 priority Critical patent/US5110276A/en
Assigned to NESTEC S.A. reassignment NESTEC S.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: JOHNSON, ROGER D., YOUNG, LINDA A., FARNSWORTH, JOHN T., OBRECHT, GARY W.
Priority to CA002029215A priority patent/CA2029215A1/en
Priority to DE69021033T priority patent/DE69021033T2/de
Priority to ES90122353T priority patent/ES2075119T3/es
Priority to DK90122353.7T priority patent/DK0434983T3/da
Priority to AT90122353T priority patent/ATE125114T1/de
Priority to EP90122353A priority patent/EP0434983B1/en
Priority to AU67020/90A priority patent/AU649925B2/en
Priority to IN957/MAS/90A priority patent/IN171610B/en
Priority to IE427290A priority patent/IE68839B1/en
Priority to ZA909856A priority patent/ZA909856B/xx
Priority to MX023749A priority patent/MX168211B/es
Priority to JP2403319A priority patent/JPH07119051B2/ja
Priority to MYPI90002225A priority patent/MY108570A/en
Priority to BR909006598A priority patent/BR9006598A/pt
Priority to PT96369A priority patent/PT96369B/pt
Priority to KR1019900022237A priority patent/KR910011177A/ko
Priority to US07/709,258 priority patent/US5120554A/en
Priority to US07/860,538 priority patent/US5165949A/en
Publication of US5110276A publication Critical patent/US5110276A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to MX9301031A priority patent/MX9301031A/es
Priority to MX9301030A priority patent/MX9301030A/es
Priority to GR950402615T priority patent/GR3017498T3/el
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
    • A23G3/02—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of sweetmeats or confectionery; Accessories therefor
    • A23G3/0236—Shaping of liquid, paste, powder; Manufacture of moulded articles, e.g. modelling, moulding, calendering
    • A23G3/0242—Apparatus in which the material is shaped at least partially by a die; Extrusion of cross-sections or plates, optionally the associated cutting device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21C—MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING OR PROCESSING DOUGHS; HANDLING BAKED ARTICLES MADE FROM DOUGH
    • A21C11/00—Other machines for forming the dough into its final shape before cooking or baking
    • A21C11/16—Extruding machines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21C—MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING OR PROCESSING DOUGHS; HANDLING BAKED ARTICLES MADE FROM DOUGH
    • A21C11/00—Other machines for forming the dough into its final shape before cooking or baking
    • A21C11/16—Extruding machines
    • A21C11/163—Applying co-extrusion, i.e. extruding two or more plastic substances simultaneously, e.g. for making filled dough products; Making products from two or more different substances supplied to the extruder
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P30/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
    • A23P30/20—Extruding
    • A23P30/25—Co-extrusion of different foodstuffs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/06—Rod-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/345—Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/385—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in separate barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/695—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/695—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates
    • B29C48/70—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows
    • B29C48/705—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows in the die zone, e.g. to create flow homogeneity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/221—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor extrusion dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an extrusion die assembly and to a system for producing extruded products utilizing the die assembly. More particularly, the invention a free-standing, die assembly suitable for use in the production of extruded products, particularly food products with the die assembly being detached from the extruder.
  • Extruders of both the single screw and twin-screw types, are widely used in a number of industries, especially the food industry in which extruders are utilized to produce a variety of products such as snack foods, breakfast cereals, pet foods, texturized vegetable proteins, and confections.
  • Typical extruders consist of one or more sets of flighted screws which rotate within a barrel. Suitable ingredients are introduced into the inlet end of the extruder, with the ingredients being cooked and formed into a flowable dough during passage through the extruder by dissipation of mechanical energy through shearing action, and/or heat transfer through jackets surrounding the barrel and/or by steam injection into the barrel.
  • the flowable dough thus formed is forced through one or more die openings of uniform size and shape in a die plate mounted across the discharge end of the extruder, and the extrudate is cut into pieces of a desired length and dried.
  • Extrusion dies currently used in the production of extruded foods give rise to a number of disadvantages in commercial production operations. For example, since the die plate is mounted on the extruder head, the number of die openings in the die plate is limited by the diameter of the extruder head, thereby limiting the production capacity of the extruder. Moreover, the production of extruded pieces having different shapes requires the use of separate die plates, each having die orifices of one desired cross-sectional configuration, so that the operation of the extruder must be interrupted to effect such a change.
  • coextruded foods that is, products having an outer shell, such as an expanded, cellular farinaceous and/or proteinaceous material, surrounding a central core of material which is dissimilar in some respect (e.g. texture, composition, consistency, color, flavor, etc.) from the shell material
  • the shell and core materials typically are processed in separate extruders.
  • the separate materials are then extruded through concentric dies in a die plate mounted across the discharge end of one of the extruders, generally the extruder in which the shell ingredients are processed.
  • the two extruders are positioned perpendicular to one another, with the discharge ends of the extruders abutting one another.
  • the present invention provides a free-standing extrusion die assembly for use in the production of extruded products particularly food products, including coextruded, coexpanded and centerifilled products, which is mounted apart from the extruder in which ingredients are processed rather than on the discharge end of the extruder. That is, the die assembly of this invention is mounted as a separate unit on a suitable support detached from the extruder, with the die assembly being connected to the discharge end of an extruder by suitable tubing or piping. One or more of the extrusion die assemblies may be connected to a single extruder.
  • the free-standing die assembly of this invention includes a center plate having a axial central channel therein into which hot flowable dough is pumped, via suitable tubing, such as flexible metal tubing, from the discharge end of an extruder.
  • the center plate has one or more die plates secured to the outer surface thereof in communication with the central channel.
  • Each of the die plates mounted on the block has one or more shaped die orifices therein through which the dough is extruded.
  • the size of the die plates and the number of orifices therein is independent of the head diameter of the extruder with which the die assembly is associated.
  • Suitable cutting means such as a rotary knife, mounted adjacent the outer face of each die plate, cuts the extrudate to a desired length.
  • the free standing die assembly of this invention effectively increases the production capacity of a given extruder and provides increased flexibility in the production of extruded, coextruded, coexpanded, and/or centerfilled product That is, since the die assembly is detached from the extruder, the number of die openings is no longer limited by the diameter of the extruder head.
  • the present invention permits the use of multiple die assemblies fed by a single extruder, thereby increasing the production capacity of the extruder.
  • a single die assembly having two or more die plates mounted on the assembly may be used, again increasing the number of die orifices associated with a single extruder.
  • the die assembly of this invention permits the production of extruded product having multiple shapes, sizes and/or colors from one or more extruders without interrupting the operation of the extruders.
  • the die assembly of this invention may, if desired, be used in the production of coextruded, coexpanded or centerfilled products. That is, the die assembly may be modified to include a coextrusion die member in each of the die orifices, with the shell component material being pumped from one extruder into the distribution ring of the die assembly, and the core component material being pumped to the coextrusion die member mounted in the die orifice. If used in this manner, the free-standing die assembly of the present invention not only results in increased production capacity and flexibility, but also affords machine placement options not heretofore available in a coextrusion operation.
  • FIG. 1 is an end elevational view of a free standing, extrusion die assembly of the present invention with the die assembly having two die plates;
  • FIG. 2 is a view, partly in section, along line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation, not to scale, of a system for the production of an extruded food product using the free-standing, dual-faced die assembly of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation, not to scale, of another embodiment of a system in which a plurality of the free standing dual-faced die assemblies of this invention are used in conjunction with a single extruder;
  • FIG. 5 is a side view, partly in section, of the free standing dual-faced die assembly which includes a coextrusion die unit;
  • FIG. 6 is an axial sectional view taken on line 6--6 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7--7 of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic representation, not to scale, of a system for the production of a coextruded product using the die assembly of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic representation, not to scale, of another embodiment of a system for producing a coextruded product using the free standing, dual-faced die assembly.
  • the die assembly generally designated by reference numeral 10
  • the die assembly includes a center plate 11, generally in the form of a flat circular plate having a pair of planar side faces 12 and 14, with side faces 12 and 14 having a circular boss 15 extending therefrom.
  • Center plate 11 is provided with an axial central channel 16 extending between the planar side faces of the plate.
  • One or more inlet passages such as opposed inlet passages 17 and 18 extend through the center plate from the outer surface thereof to central channel 16.
  • the inlet passages are in direct communication with feed conduits (not shown) which transport hot flowable dough from an extruder to die assembly 10, with the dough passing through the inlet passages into channel 16.
  • Support brackets 19 are affixed to opposing edges of center plate 11 for securing the die assembly 10 to a suitable support (not shown) apart from the extruder.
  • die units 20 and 21 are secured to planar side faces 12 and 14 respectively of center plate 11.
  • Die units 20 and 21 preferably include a pair of circular or disc-shaped plates, namely, distribution plate 22 and die plate 23, secured together in face-to-face relationship by circumferentially spaced bolts 24, with die units 20 and 21 being secured against side faces 12 and 14 of center plate 11 by circumferentially spaced axial bolts 25.
  • Die units 20 and 21 are substantially identical in construction, being mirror images of one another. Accordingly, only the construction of one of the die unit (20) will be described in more detail hereinbelow, it being understood that the construction of the other die unit (21) is identical to that of the unit described.
  • Distribution plate 22 which abuts center plate 11, has an annular ridge 27 around the circumference thereof which is engaged by circular boss 15 of center plate 11 to facilitate proper alignment of the distribution plate on the center plate.
  • Distribution plate 22 includes a generally circular distribution chamber 28 having a conical distribution point 29 milled into the upstream face thereof. When distribution plate 22 is mounted against the center plate, chamber 28 is disposed about axial central channel 16 with the apex of point 29 being adjacent the center of distribution channel 16 to facilitate the uniform distribution of flowable dough throughout chamber 28.
  • die plate 23 Secured to the downstream face of distribution plate 22 is die plate 23, which includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced axial conduits 32 extending therethrough to the outer face 37 of the die plate, with a conduit 32 being opposed to and axially aligned with each feed passage 30 in distribution plate 22.
  • a die insert member 33 mounted within each conduit 32 is a die insert member 33 retained in position in plate 23 by flange portion 34 and having a cylindrical passage 35 extending axially therethrough, terminating in shaped die orifice 36 in the outer face 37 of die plate 23.
  • Die orifice 36 may have any desired cross-sectional shape and/or size, depending on the shape and/or size of the extruded product desired. That is, orifices 36 may be circular, square, triangular, or other suitable shape.
  • the die orifices in one of the die units may have a cross-sectional shape and/or size which is the same as or different than the die orifices in the other die unit (e.g. 21).
  • Die plate 32 may be modified, if desired, whereby die inserts are not utilized.
  • conduits 32 do not extend through to the outer face 37 of the die plate. Rather, openings of a desired size are drilled through the outer face of the die plate to provide die orifices 36, with the openings being in communication with conduits 32.
  • die units 20 and 21 may each comprise a single plate (e.g. die plate 23) rather than a pair of plates joined together.
  • the distribution chamber 28 may be milled or otherwise formed into the upstream face of the die plate with axial feed passages 30 extending to the outer face 37 of the die plate.
  • Rotatable shaft 43 journaled in conventional support bearing structure on the outer face 37 of die plate 23, carries one or more conventional rotary knife (not shown) for cutting material extruded from die orifice 36 into predetermined lengths.
  • Other suitable cutting means may, of course, be used.
  • the die assembly illustrated in FIG. 2 may be modified to provide a die assembly having a single or multiple die plates through which product is extruded.
  • one of the die units e.g. 21
  • center plate 11 is replaced with a polygonal distribution block having 3 or more planar faces (e.g. triangular, square, rectangular, etc.) and a die unit (e.g. 20) is mounted on the desired number of planar faces of the block.
  • a central channel which is in communication with a feed conduit from an extruder, extends from the interior of the block to each of the die units to carry dough pumped from an extruder to the distribution chamber 28 of each die unit.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates one embodiment of a system for the production of an extruded food product incorporating the free-standing, dual-faced die assembly described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the die assembly 10 which has a pair of die units 20, 21, is mounted as a separate unit apart from the extruder 45 in which the ingredients for the product are processed.
  • Any conventional extruder either of the single screw or twin-screw type, used in the food industry, such as commercially available Wenger, Clextral or other extruder may be used.
  • a mixture of moistened farinaceous and/or proteinaceous materials is subject to mechanical working under elevated heat and pressure to cook the ingredients into a hot flowable dough.
  • the dough thus formed is extruded from the discharge end 46 of the extruder into conduits 47, 47a and 47b, such as flexible metal tubing, which carry the dough to die assembly 10.
  • Flow control means 48 such as suitable valves, pumps or other similar devices, are provided in conduits 47a and 47b to adjust the rate of feed of dough to the die assembly. If desired, dough from the extruder may be carried to the die assembly in a single line (e.g. 47) rather than through two lines as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • Hot flowable dough carried to die assembly 10 is introduced into inlet passages 17 and 18 in center plate 11 (FIG. 2), and into central channel 16 which carries the dough to the opposing side faces 12 and 14 of the center plate and into the die units 20 and 21.
  • the dough enters distribution chamber 28 in both die units, in which the dough is uniformly distributed by conical point 29, and is carried through distribution channel 30, axial conduits 32, and passage 35, and is extruded through one or more shaped die orifices 36 circumferentially spaced about the outer face 37 of die units 20 and 21. Material extruded from both die units is cut to desired length by a conventional rotary knife (now shown) mounted adjacent the die orifices.
  • the number, size and/or shape of the die orifices in one die unit may be the same as or different than the die orifices in the other die unit. If different, it can be appreciated that the free standing die assembly of this invention permits the simultaneous production of extruded pieces having different sizes or shapes.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which the extrudate from a conventional extruder 45 is fed to a pair of free-standing, dual-faced die assemblies as described in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • hot flowable dough is pumped from the discharge end 46 of extruder 45 into feed manifold 50, from which it passes into conduits 51a and 51b, which carry the dough to die assembly 10a, and conduits 51c and 51d, which carry the dough to die assembly 10b.
  • an additive such as coloring, flavoring, etc. may be injected into the conduits carrying the hot flowable dough to one or both of the die assemblies.
  • an additive is pumped from a supply tank (not shown) through lines 53 and injected into conduits 51a and 51b, which carry the dough to die assembly 10a, under sufficient pressure to deposit the additive in the flowable dough in the conduits.
  • a suitable mixing device 54 such as a static mixer, is provided in conduits 51a and 51b to mix the additive substantially uniformly throughout the dough in the conduits.
  • an additive may, if desired, also be injected into conduits 51c and 51d, which carry the dough to die assembly 10b. This additive may be the same as or different than the additive injected into conduits 51a and 51b. If the additives, such as coloring, are different, it can be appreciated that the embodiment illustrated in FIG.
  • Dough pumped to die assemblies 10a and 10b is extruded from orifices in both outer faces 37 of both die assemblies as described above.
  • the die assembly of this invention may be modified, if desired, to permit the production of coextruded, coexpanded or centerfilled products.
  • the die assembly of FIG. 1 is modified by including a coextrusion plate 55 in both die units 20 and 21, with the coextrusion plate being mounted between distribution plate 22 and die plate 23 on both sides of center plate 11.
  • Coextrusion plate 55 includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced conduits 56 extending axially through the plate, with each of conduits 56 being opposed to and axially aligned with a feed passage 30 in distribution plate 22.
  • a number of equalizer ports 57 are provided parallel to and circumferentially disposed about each of conduits 56, with the equalizer ports extending through plate 55 in direct communication with frustroconical chamber 31.
  • Also included in coextrusion plate 55 are one or more feed passages, such as opposed longitudinal feed passages 58 and 59, extending through plate 55 and terminating in reservoir chamber 60 milled into the downstream face of plate 55. Feed passages 58 and 59 are in direct communication with feed conduits (not shown) through connectors 61 for the transport of the core or filling material of the product to the die assembly.
  • a plurality of passages 62 extend radially outwardly from reservoir chamber 60, with a passage 62 extending to each of the axial conduits 56.
  • a die member 65 having a frustroconical nose 66 is mounted concentrically within each of conduits 56, with frustroconical nose 66 being positioned in but spaced from the walls of chamber 31 to define an extrusion passageway 67.
  • Die member 65 includes a longitudinal passage 68 and has a pair of opposed openings 69 and 70 through the walls of the die member whereby longitudinal passage 68 is in direct communication with reservoir chamber 60 and passage 62 through opening 69.
  • a cylindrical opening 71 extends from each axial conduit 6 to the outer surface of plate 55, and a pin (not shown) is mounted in each opening 71 to secure the die member 65 in position.
  • a second die insert member 38 mounted in axial conduit 32 upstream of first die insert member 33, has a central extrusion passage 42 along the longitudinal axis thereof, with passage 42 having three contiguous sections, namely, an inwardly tapering upstream section, a cylindrical downstream section, and an inwardly tapering intermediate section. As shown in FIG. 5, the downstream end of die member 65 is spaced from the inwardly tapering walls of the intermediate section of second die insert 38 to define an annular extrusion passage 73 between the outer surface of die member 65 and extrusion passage 42.
  • the production of a composite coextruded, coexpanded or centerfilled product utilizing the die assembly shown in FIG. 5 proceeds as follows.
  • the hot, flowable dough for the shell component of the product is pumped from an extruder via suitable tubing to inlet passages 17 and 18 in center plate 11, and into the central channel 16.
  • the dough passes into chamber 28, axial feed passages 30 and frustroconical chambers 31 in both die units 20 and 21.
  • the flowable dough passes through equalizer ports 57 in coextrusion plate 55 to extrusion passage 73 around the downstream end of die member 65, and is extruded through die orifice 36 in the form of a tubular shell.
  • Feed equalizer ports 57 are sized sufficiently small to create a back pressure or pressure differential thereacross sufficient to ensure complete distribution of flowable dough throughout distribution chamber 28.
  • the core or center material for the coextruded product is pumped from a suitable source via tubing to feed passages 58 and 59 in coextrusion plates 55 mounted in each die unit.
  • the dough is carried to reservoir chamber 60 from which it passes into each of the radially extending passages 62 and into the longitudinal passage 68 to each of the die members 65 circumferentially spaced about reservoir chamber 60.
  • the flowable core material is extruded from die members 65 through passages 42 and 35, and is discharged from die orifices 36 as a concentric filling material within the tubular shell component.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates one embodiment of a system in which the free-standing dual-faced die of FIGS. 5-7 is used in the production of a coextruded food product.
  • a single extruder is used to supply both the shell component and the core component of the product.
  • the die assembly 10 which contains a coextrusion plate in the die units 20 and 21 on both sides of the center plate, is mounted as a separate unit, apart from the extruder 74 in which suitable ingredients are heated and cooked to form a hot flowable dough. The dough is extruded under pressure into feed manifold 75.
  • Dough for the shell component of the product is carried in lines 76a and 76b to inlet passages 17 and 18 in the center plate 11 of die assembly 10.
  • Dough for the core component of the product is carried in lines 77a, 77b, 77c and 77d to feed passages 58 and 59 in the coextrusion plates on each side of the center plate.
  • Flow control means 78 such as a suitable valve, pump, and the like is provided in each of the lines from the manifold 75 to the die assembly 10 to adjust the rate of dough feed to the die assembly.
  • an additive such as coloring, flavoring, etc.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates another embodiment of a system for the production of a composite coextruded product in which hot flowable dough from two extruders is fed to a free-standing, dual faced die assembly.
  • Dough for the shell component of the product is discharged from extruder 81 and is carried in lines 82a and 82b to inlet passages 17 and 18 of the center plate 11 of die assembly 10.
  • Dough for the core component is discharged from extruder 83 into feed manifold 84 and is carried in lines 85a, 85b, 85c and 85d to feed passages 58 and 59 in the coextrusion plates on both sides of the center plate of die assembly 10.
  • Suitable flow control means 86 is provided in each of the lines from both extruders to the die assembly.
  • an additive such as coloring, flavoring, etc. may be injected into the lines carrying the core component dough to either or both coextrusion plates and/or to the center distribution block. This flexibility enables a variety of coextruded products to be produced using a single die assembly, without interrupting the operations of the extruders.
  • the free-standing die assembly of this invention may be used with any conventional extruders in connection with the production of extruded, coextruded, coexpanded or centerfilled food products. No change in the operating characteristics or screw configuration of conventional extruders having a die plate affixed to the extruder is required when the free standing die assembly of this invention is used. Similarly, the same ingredient mix used for the production of extruded, coextruded, coexpanded or centerfilled products with a conventional die plate attached to an extruder may be used in the production of product using the die assembly of this invention.
  • the die assembly may be used in connection with the production of any product which is produced on conventional extruders, and is particularly well suited for use in the production of food products, such as pet foods, breakfast cereals, snack foods, confections, savory coatings, bread crumbs, croutons, and the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
US07/458,213 1989-12-28 1989-12-28 Extrusion die assembly Expired - Fee Related US5110276A (en)

Priority Applications (22)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/458,213 US5110276A (en) 1989-12-28 1989-12-28 Extrusion die assembly
CA002029215A CA2029215A1 (en) 1989-12-28 1990-11-02 Extrusion die assembly
DK90122353.7T DK0434983T3 (da) 1989-12-28 1990-11-23 Ekstruderingsværktøj
ES90122353T ES2075119T3 (es) 1989-12-28 1990-11-23 Conjunto de matriz de extrusion.
DE69021033T DE69021033T2 (de) 1989-12-28 1990-11-23 Extrusionskopf.
AT90122353T ATE125114T1 (de) 1989-12-28 1990-11-23 Extrusionskopf.
EP90122353A EP0434983B1 (en) 1989-12-28 1990-11-23 Extrusion die assembly
AU67020/90A AU649925B2 (en) 1989-12-28 1990-11-27 Extrusion die assembly
IN957/MAS/90A IN171610B (he) 1989-12-28 1990-11-27
IE427290A IE68839B1 (en) 1989-12-28 1990-11-27 Extrusion die assembly
ZA909856A ZA909856B (en) 1989-12-28 1990-12-07 Extrusion die assembly
MX023749A MX168211B (es) 1989-12-28 1990-12-14 Conjunto de matriz de extrusion autoestable
JP2403319A JPH07119051B2 (ja) 1989-12-28 1990-12-18 押出しダイ組立体
MYPI90002225A MY108570A (en) 1989-12-28 1990-12-20 Extrusion die assembly.
BR909006598A BR9006598A (pt) 1989-12-28 1990-12-27 Conjunto de matrizes de extrusao auto-suportado,processo para a producao de um produto alimentar extrudado e sistema para a producao de um produto extrudado
PT96369A PT96369B (pt) 1989-12-28 1990-12-27 Conjunto de matrizes de extrusao e processo para a producao de um produto alimentar
KR1019900022237A KR910011177A (ko) 1989-12-28 1990-12-28 압출다이 조립체와 압출된 식품의 제조방법 및 그 장치
US07/709,258 US5120554A (en) 1989-12-28 1991-06-03 Method for producing extruded center filled products
US07/860,538 US5165949A (en) 1989-12-28 1992-03-30 Process for producing extruded food products
MX9301030A MX9301030A (es) 1989-12-28 1993-02-25 Metodo para elaborar productos con centro lleno extruidos.
MX9301031A MX9301031A (es) 1989-12-28 1993-02-25 Procedimiento para producir un producto alimenticio extruido.
GR950402615T GR3017498T3 (en) 1989-12-28 1995-09-21 Extrusion die assembly.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/458,213 US5110276A (en) 1989-12-28 1989-12-28 Extrusion die assembly

Related Child Applications (1)

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US07/709,258 Division US5120554A (en) 1989-12-28 1991-06-03 Method for producing extruded center filled products

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US5110276A true US5110276A (en) 1992-05-05

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US (1) US5110276A (he)
EP (1) EP0434983B1 (he)
JP (1) JPH07119051B2 (he)
KR (1) KR910011177A (he)
AT (1) ATE125114T1 (he)
AU (1) AU649925B2 (he)
BR (1) BR9006598A (he)
CA (1) CA2029215A1 (he)
DE (1) DE69021033T2 (he)
DK (1) DK0434983T3 (he)
ES (1) ES2075119T3 (he)
GR (1) GR3017498T3 (he)
IE (1) IE68839B1 (he)
IN (1) IN171610B (he)
MX (3) MX168211B (he)
MY (1) MY108570A (he)
PT (1) PT96369B (he)
ZA (1) ZA909856B (he)

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US5375990A (en) * 1992-09-10 1994-12-27 Extrusion Dies, Inc. Feed block for coextrusion apparatus
US5399368A (en) * 1994-09-06 1995-03-21 Nestec S.A. Encapsulation of volatile aroma compounds
US5486049A (en) * 1994-01-28 1996-01-23 Nestec S.A. Apparati for mixing fluid substances
US5609903A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-03-11 Pepperidge Farm, Incorporated Process for forming extruded multi-strand products
US5616350A (en) * 1995-04-10 1997-04-01 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Dual flow divider with diverter valve
US5776534A (en) * 1996-04-03 1998-07-07 General Mills, Inc. Food apparatus for forming multiple colored extrudates and method of preparation
US5780067A (en) * 1996-09-10 1998-07-14 Extrusion Dies, Inc. Adjustable coextrusion feedblock
US5795641A (en) * 1993-09-01 1998-08-18 Marley Mouldings Inc. Method and die for forming triple extruded profiles
US5834040A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-11-10 Pepperidge Farm, Incorporated Extruder for making braided products
US5906838A (en) * 1993-12-13 1999-05-25 The Quaker Oats Company Symmetrical flow extrusion manifold
US5919509A (en) * 1997-05-01 1999-07-06 General Mills, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing multiple food extrudates
US20020197374A1 (en) * 2000-06-16 2002-12-26 Parsons Marcus H. Device, system and method for fluid additive injection into a viscous fluid food stream
WO2003037110A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2003-05-08 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Extruder die with additive reservoir
US6626206B1 (en) 2000-01-20 2003-09-30 Extrusion Dies, Inc. Feedblock for adjusting the dimensions of a set of co-extruded layers of a multi-layer sheet
US20040022910A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2004-02-05 Keller Lewis Conrad Flavored extruded food product
US20050019466A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2005-01-27 Morales-Alvarez Jorge C. Apparatus and method for imprinting lines on direct-expanded food products having complex shapes with improved dimensional quality
US6854970B2 (en) 2001-10-29 2005-02-15 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Extruder die injection nozzle
US20050048180A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2005-03-03 Moore Gary Steven Apparatus and method for improving the dimensional quality of extruded food products having complex shapes
US20050214421A1 (en) * 2004-03-24 2005-09-29 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Method and apparatus for extruding filled doughs
US20050249834A1 (en) * 2004-05-08 2005-11-10 Good Earth Tools Inc. Die for extruding material
US20050249030A1 (en) * 2004-05-08 2005-11-10 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Extruder screw with long wearing surfaces
US20100203184A1 (en) * 2008-04-10 2010-08-12 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Extruder Stabilizer Assembly
US20120073687A1 (en) * 2010-09-27 2012-03-29 Hanson Dana R Diverter Valve
US20130022726A1 (en) * 2010-04-12 2013-01-24 General Mills Ip Holdings Ii, Llc Methods and Apparatus for Producing Multiple Food Extrudates
CN106818978A (zh) * 2017-03-29 2017-06-13 曹壬圣 花片机
US10207444B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2019-02-19 Processing Technologies, Llc Diverter valve
US10220561B2 (en) 2015-05-04 2019-03-05 Nordson Corporation Extrusion device and method of use
US10252457B2 (en) 2015-05-04 2019-04-09 Nordson Corporation Flow diverter valve for an extrusion system

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US5687638A (en) * 1995-09-20 1997-11-18 562186 Alberta Ltd. Apparatus for producing filled food products
US5524529A (en) * 1995-09-20 1996-06-11 562186 Alberta Ltd. Rotary stamper disk
ATE230566T1 (de) * 1997-08-31 2003-01-15 Nestle Sa Extrusionsdüse
DE19936829C2 (de) * 1999-08-05 2003-02-27 Hosokawa Bepex Gmbh Düsenanordnung, Düsenträger und Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren teigiger Massen
DE19936828C2 (de) * 1999-08-05 2002-11-28 Hosokawa Bepex Gmbh Düsenanordnung, Düsenträger und Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren teigiger Massen
DE19936815C2 (de) 1999-08-05 2002-12-12 Hosokawa Bepex Gmbh Düsenanordnung, Düsenträger und Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren teigiger Massen
US20100209580A1 (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-08-19 Emine Unlu Product shaping method and apparatus

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Cited By (52)

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US5375990A (en) * 1992-09-10 1994-12-27 Extrusion Dies, Inc. Feed block for coextrusion apparatus
US5965075A (en) * 1993-09-01 1999-10-12 Marley Mouldings Inc. Triple extruded frame profiles and method of producing same
US5795641A (en) * 1993-09-01 1998-08-18 Marley Mouldings Inc. Method and die for forming triple extruded profiles
US6280672B2 (en) 1993-12-13 2001-08-28 The Quaker Oats Company Method of extruding multiple continuous bodies of radially-layered product
US5906838A (en) * 1993-12-13 1999-05-25 The Quaker Oats Company Symmetrical flow extrusion manifold
US6206678B1 (en) 1993-12-13 2001-03-27 The Quaker Oats Company Symmetrical flow extrusion manifold
US5538748A (en) * 1994-01-28 1996-07-23 Nestec S.A. Process for mixing fluid materials
US5486049A (en) * 1994-01-28 1996-01-23 Nestec S.A. Apparati for mixing fluid substances
US5399368A (en) * 1994-09-06 1995-03-21 Nestec S.A. Encapsulation of volatile aroma compounds
US5616350A (en) * 1995-04-10 1997-04-01 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Dual flow divider with diverter valve
US5609903A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-03-11 Pepperidge Farm, Incorporated Process for forming extruded multi-strand products
US5834040A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-11-10 Pepperidge Farm, Incorporated Extruder for making braided products
US5776534A (en) * 1996-04-03 1998-07-07 General Mills, Inc. Food apparatus for forming multiple colored extrudates and method of preparation
US5780067A (en) * 1996-09-10 1998-07-14 Extrusion Dies, Inc. Adjustable coextrusion feedblock
US5919509A (en) * 1997-05-01 1999-07-06 General Mills, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing multiple food extrudates
US6626206B1 (en) 2000-01-20 2003-09-30 Extrusion Dies, Inc. Feedblock for adjusting the dimensions of a set of co-extruded layers of a multi-layer sheet
US20020197374A1 (en) * 2000-06-16 2002-12-26 Parsons Marcus H. Device, system and method for fluid additive injection into a viscous fluid food stream
US7140292B2 (en) * 2000-06-16 2006-11-28 The Quaker Oats Company Device, system and method for fluid additive injection into a viscous fluid food stream
WO2003037110A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2003-05-08 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Extruder die with additive reservoir
US6620448B2 (en) * 2001-10-29 2003-09-16 Recot, Inc. Extruder die with additive reservoir
US20050019466A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2005-01-27 Morales-Alvarez Jorge C. Apparatus and method for imprinting lines on direct-expanded food products having complex shapes with improved dimensional quality
US20090291184A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2009-11-26 Gary Steven Moore Apparatus and Method for Improving the Dimensional Quality of Extruded Food Products Having Complex Shapes
US6854970B2 (en) 2001-10-29 2005-02-15 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Extruder die injection nozzle
US20050048180A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2005-03-03 Moore Gary Steven Apparatus and method for improving the dimensional quality of extruded food products having complex shapes
US7648352B2 (en) 2001-10-29 2010-01-19 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Apparatus for imprinting lines on direct-expanded food products having complex shapes with improved dimensional quality
US20040022910A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2004-02-05 Keller Lewis Conrad Flavored extruded food product
US20100074981A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2010-03-25 Frito-Lay Of North America, Inc. Apparatus and Method for Imprinting Lines on Direct-Expanded Food Products Having Complex Shapes With Improved Dimensional Quality
AU2002349927B2 (en) * 2001-10-29 2006-10-05 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Extruder die with additive reservoir
US7585532B2 (en) 2001-10-29 2009-09-08 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Apparatus and method for improving the dimensional quality of extruded food products having complex shapes
US7252847B2 (en) 2001-10-29 2007-08-07 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Flavored extruded food product
WO2005009149A1 (en) * 2003-07-18 2005-02-03 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Apparatus and method for imprinting lines on direct-expanded food products having complex shapes with improved dimensional quality
US20050214421A1 (en) * 2004-03-24 2005-09-29 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Method and apparatus for extruding filled doughs
US20050249834A1 (en) * 2004-05-08 2005-11-10 Good Earth Tools Inc. Die for extruding material
USRE45423E1 (en) 2004-05-08 2015-03-17 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Extruder screw with long wearing surfaces
US20090268550A1 (en) * 2004-05-08 2009-10-29 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Extruder Screw With Long Wearing Surfaces
US20080102149A1 (en) * 2004-05-08 2008-05-01 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Die for extruding material
US7637732B2 (en) 2004-05-08 2009-12-29 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Die for extruding material
US7316557B2 (en) 2004-05-08 2008-01-08 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Die for extruding material
US20050249030A1 (en) * 2004-05-08 2005-11-10 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Extruder screw with long wearing surfaces
US7764155B2 (en) 2004-05-08 2010-07-27 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Extruder screw with long wearing surfaces
US7513676B2 (en) 2004-05-08 2009-04-07 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Extruder screw with long wearing surfaces
US8579623B2 (en) 2008-04-10 2013-11-12 Edward Williams Extruder stabilizer assembly
US20100203184A1 (en) * 2008-04-10 2010-08-12 Good Earth Tools, Inc. Extruder Stabilizer Assembly
US20130022726A1 (en) * 2010-04-12 2013-01-24 General Mills Ip Holdings Ii, Llc Methods and Apparatus for Producing Multiple Food Extrudates
US9028733B2 (en) * 2010-04-12 2015-05-12 General Mills, Inc. Methods for producing multiple food extrudates
US20120073687A1 (en) * 2010-09-27 2012-03-29 Hanson Dana R Diverter Valve
US8490643B2 (en) * 2010-09-27 2013-07-23 Processing Technologies, Llc Diverter valve
USRE45965E1 (en) * 2010-09-27 2016-04-05 Processing Technologies, Llc Diverter valve
US10207444B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2019-02-19 Processing Technologies, Llc Diverter valve
US10220561B2 (en) 2015-05-04 2019-03-05 Nordson Corporation Extrusion device and method of use
US10252457B2 (en) 2015-05-04 2019-04-09 Nordson Corporation Flow diverter valve for an extrusion system
CN106818978A (zh) * 2017-03-29 2017-06-13 曹壬圣 花片机

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DE69021033D1 (de) 1995-08-24
AU6702090A (en) 1991-07-04
IN171610B (he) 1992-11-21
IE904272A1 (en) 1991-07-03
EP0434983B1 (en) 1995-07-19
JPH07119051B2 (ja) 1995-12-20
JPH03290223A (ja) 1991-12-19
PT96369A (pt) 1991-10-15
ES2075119T3 (es) 1995-10-01
ATE125114T1 (de) 1995-08-15
AU649925B2 (en) 1994-06-02
EP0434983A1 (en) 1991-07-03
IE68839B1 (en) 1996-07-10
MY108570A (en) 1996-10-31
ZA909856B (en) 1991-10-30
MX168211B (es) 1993-05-12
DK0434983T3 (da) 1995-11-20
MX9301031A (es) 1994-08-31
KR910011177A (ko) 1991-08-07
CA2029215A1 (en) 1991-06-29
GR3017498T3 (en) 1995-12-31
PT96369B (pt) 1998-07-31
BR9006598A (pt) 1991-10-01
DE69021033T2 (de) 1996-03-21
MX9301030A (es) 1994-08-31

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