US4718284A - Bulk flow meter - Google Patents

Bulk flow meter Download PDF

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Publication number
US4718284A
US4718284A US06/852,425 US85242586A US4718284A US 4718284 A US4718284 A US 4718284A US 85242586 A US85242586 A US 85242586A US 4718284 A US4718284 A US 4718284A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rigid tube
flow meter
partition
bulk flow
tube means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/852,425
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English (en)
Inventor
Helmut Pfeiffer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ramsey Technology Inc
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Assigned to ENDRESS U. HAUSER GMBH U. CO. reassignment ENDRESS U. HAUSER GMBH U. CO. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PFEIFFER, HELMUT
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4718284A publication Critical patent/US4718284A/en
Assigned to RAMSEY TECHNOLOGY, INC. reassignment RAMSEY TECHNOLOGY, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ENDRESS + HANSER GMBH + CO.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/20—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow
    • G01F1/206—Measuring pressure, force or momentum of a fluid flow which is forced to change its direction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/20—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow
    • G01F1/28—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow by drag-force, e.g. vane type or impact flowmeter
    • G01F1/30—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow by drag-force, e.g. vane type or impact flowmeter for fluent solid material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bulk flow meter comprising a measuring chamber separated from the conveying space by a partition, a baffle plate disposed in the conveying space inclined in the fall path of the bulk material to be measured and a horizontally adjustable baffle plate support which comprises a rod-shaped connecting member projecting through an opening in the partition.
  • a bulk material flow meter of this type is known for example from DE-PS No. 3,149,715.
  • the purpose of separating the measuring chamber from the conveying space is to protect the sensitive components of the bulk flow meter accommodated in the measuring chamber from the dirt and dust obtaining in the conveying space because these sensitive components can be greatly impaired in their function by dirt and dust and this can lead to measurement errors or even to complete failure of the device.
  • the sealing of the opening in the partition is problematical in particular when the adjustment of the connecting member takes place transversely of the opening as is in particular the case in bulk flow meters in which the baffle plate support is linearly displaceable by a straight-line guide mechanism and the baffle plate is disposed laterally adjacent the baffle plate support.
  • the sealing must be formed such that it permits the transverse movement of the rod-shaped connecting member without exerting thereon a resistance falsifying the measured quantity.
  • the problem underlying the invention is to provide a bulk flow meter of the type mentioned at the beginning which has a very simple and robust dust protection means which provides complete separation of the measuring chamber from the conveying space, substantially prevents transfer of pressure fluctuations between the conveying space and the measuring chamber and permits any displacement of the baffle plate support, in particular also transversely of the axis of the opening, without appreciable resistance or return forces which could falsify the measurement result.
  • this problem is solved in a bulk flow meter of the type mentioned at the beginning in that the portion of the rod-shaped connecting member projecting through the opening in the partition is surrounded over a part of its length by a rigid tube whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the rod-shaped connecting member, that the one end of the rigid tube is connected by a first flexible diaphragm in dust-tight manner to the partition and that the other end of the rigid tube is connected by a second flexible diaphragm in dust-tight manner to the rod-shaped connecting member.
  • the opening provided in the partition is completely sealed by the dust protection means consisting of the tube and the two diaphragms so that any penetration of dirt or dust from the conveying space into the measuring chamber is prevented.
  • the two diaphragms are offset with respect to each other by the length of the tube so that they permit without appreciable resistance any movement of the rod-shaped connecting member relatively to the opening, in particular also transversely of the axis of the opening. Such a transverse movement causes only a tilting of the tube which is allowed by bending of the two diaphragms. Diaphragms are particularly suitable for performing such bendings with small force expenditure and almost unlimited frequency without their strength being impaired.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a bulk flow meter in which the invention can be used
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the bulk flow meter of FIG. 1 with the upper side of the housing enclosing the metering chamber removed,
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged illustration of a first example of embodiment of the dust protection means of the bulk flow meter of FIGS. 1 and 2 in the rest position of the impact or baffle plate,
  • FIG. 4 is a corresponding illustration of the dust protection means of FIG. 3 at maximum displacement of the baffle plate
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged illustration of a second example of embodiment of the dust protection means.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged illustration of a third example of embodiment of the dust protection means.
  • the bulk flow meter 10 illustrated very schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a housing 12 which encloses a measuring chamber 14 and an impact or baffle plate 16 which is arranged outside the housing 12 in a conveying space 18.
  • the baffle plate 16 lies inclined in the fall path of bulk material 20, the throughput of which is to be measured and which is supplied to the conveying space 18 in any suitable manner, for example via a chute 22.
  • the baffle plate 16 is carried by a baffle plate support 24 which is disposed in the interior of the housing 12 and which is formed so that it permits a horizontal displacement of the baffle plate 12.
  • a beam 26 which is axially displaceably disposed in a frame 36 formed from frame-like side members 28, 30 and connecting members 32, 34.
  • Springs 42 and 44 connecting the beam 26 to the frame 36 tend to hold the beam 26 in a defined rest position and oppose a movement of the beam 26 out of this rest position with a progressive spring force.
  • the baffle plate support 24 further includes a support rod 46 which extends transversely of the longitudinal axis of the beam 26 through an opening 48 in the front wall 50 of the housing 12.
  • the support rod 46 is connected in the measuring chamber 14 rigidly to the beam 26 whilst at the end of the support rod 46 projecting outwardly into the conveying space 18 the impact or baffle plate 16 is secured.
  • the support rod 46 thus serves as rod-shaped connecting member between the beam 26 and the baffle plate 16.
  • the bulk material falling onto the inclined baffle plate 16 exerts an impact force I which is directed perpendicularly to the baffle plate and which can be broken down into a horizontal component H and a vertical component V (FIG. 1).
  • the horizontal force component H tends to move the baffle plate 16 and the baffle plate support 24 connected rigidly thereto against the force of the springs 42, 44.
  • the magnitude of the horizontal force component or the travel caused thereby is a measure of the impact force or momentum exerted on the baffle plate which in turn with a known drop and density of the bulk material 20 is a measure of the throughput.
  • the force or travel sensor 52 disposed in the measuring chamber 14 responds to the horizontal force component exerted or the travel caused thereby and thus furnishes an output signal which is a measure of the throughput.
  • the purpose of the housing 12 is to protect the measuring chamber 14 and the components of the bulk flow meter disposed therein from the dust and dirt obtaining in the conveying space 18. Settlements of bulk material, dirt and dust can cause measurement errors or lead to total failure of the device.
  • the sole connection between the measuring chamber 14 and the conveying space 18 is at the point of the opening 48 in the front partition 50. This opening must be large enough to permit maximum displacement of the support rod 46.
  • a dust protection means 60 is provided of which various embodiments are illustrated to an enlarged scale in FIGS. 3 to 6.
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 Apparent in FIGS. 3 to 6 are the portion of the front wall 50 of the housing 12 surrounding the opening 48 and forming the partition between the measuring chamber 14 and the conveying space 18 and the support rod 46 passing through the opening 48.
  • the dust protection means 60 is formed by a rigid tube 62 and two flexible diaphragms 64 and 66.
  • the rigid tube 62 consists of metal or a rigid plastic and surrounds over a certain length the portion of the support rod 46 projecting out of the opening 48. Its diameter is greater than the diameter of the support rod 46 but less than the diameter of the opening 48.
  • the diaphragm 64 connects the end of the tube 62 facing the opening 48 in dust-tight manner to the edge of said opening 48.
  • the diaphragm 66 connects the other end of the tube 62 in dust-tight manner to the support rod 46.
  • Each of the two diaphragms 64 and 66 is thus annular and dimensioned such that it completely covers the annular gap between the tube 62 and the edge of the opening 48 or the periphery of the support rod 46.
  • FIG. 3 shows the parts of the dust protection means 60 in the rest position of the baffle plate support 24, i.e. when no fcrce is exerted by bulk material on the baffle plate 16.
  • the support rod 46 is then substantially in the centre of the opening 48 and the diaphragms 64 and 66 hold the tube 62 substantially coaxially to the support rod 46.
  • FIG. 4 the same parts assume the position corresponding to the maximum adjustment of the baffle plate support 24.
  • the support rod 46 is then laterally offset with respect to the centre axis of the opening 48.
  • the longitudinal axis of the tube 62 is tilted with respect to its rest position through an angle ⁇ . This tilting is made possible by the flexibility of the diaphragms 64 and 66.
  • the diaphragms exert on the support rod 46 a certain return force which opposes the measuring force and is undesirable because it falsifies the measurement result.
  • the return force is a function of the properties of the diaphragm, in particular the diaphragm material employed, the weight of the tube and the geometrical dimensions of the entire system.
  • the use of very flexible diaphragms is favourable but there are limits in this respect due to the requirements of adequate mechanical strength and continuous loadability.
  • the diaphragms consist of silicone rubber. Their edge portions may be connected to the partition 50, the tube 62 and the support rod 46 by clips.
  • the return forces are the smaller the longer the tube 62.
  • the tube length L can however not be made of any desired magnitude because of the space conditions obtaining. Moreover, the reduction of the return force with increasing tube length becomes progressively smaller so that from a certain tube length onwards no appreciable gain is obtained.
  • the free annular surfaces of the diaphragms 64 and 66 are the sole surfaces of the dust protection means 60 via which the pressure difference can be transferred because a pressure transfer is not possible via the surface of the rigid tube 62. It is therefore favourable as regards the problem of pressure transfer to keep the radial widths of the free annular surfaces of the diaphragms 64 and 66, i.e. the width B1 of the diaphragm 61 and the width B2 of the diaphragm 66, as small as possible. These widths B1 and B2 also depend on the maximum displacement of the support rod 46. It is pointed out in this connection that the illustration in FIGS.
  • FIG. 5 shows another example of embodiment of the dust protection means.
  • annular flange 70 is connected in dust-tight manner to the partition 50. This can be done by any known manner of connecting ensuring a dust-tight seal.
  • the flange 70 is so arranged that its opening 72 aligns with the opening 48 of the partition 50.
  • the end side of the flange 70 remote from the partition 50 has a plate-shaped recess 74.
  • a further annular flange 76 is connected in dust-tight manner to the support rod 46.
  • the end side of the flange 76 facing the flange 70 has a plate-shaped recess 78.
  • the two flanges 70 and 72 have about the same external diameter.
  • a rigid tube 80 surrounding the support rod 46 is disposed and the length of said tube is substantially equal to the distance between the two flanges 70 and 76.
  • the internal diameter of the tube 80 is substantially greater than the diameter of the support rod 46 and its external diameter is less than the external diameter of each flange 70, 72.
  • a hose-like covering 82 of flexible material for example silicone rubber, surrounds in tight engagement the rigid tube 80 and the outer surfaces of the two flanges 70 and 76 to which the hose-like covering 82 is connected in dust-tight manner round the periphery.
  • the hose-like covering or envelope 82 thus forms a continuous dust-tight seal from the partition 50 up to the flange 76.
  • An annular portion of the covering 82 which extends substantially radially between the outer surface of the flange 79 and the rigid tube 80 and which covers the plate-shaped recess 74 of the flange 70 forms a first flexible diaphragm 84.
  • an annular portion of the covering 82 extending substantially radially between the outer surface of the flange 76 and the rigid tube 80 and covering the plate-shaped recess 78 of the flange 76 forms a second flexible diaphragm 86.
  • the two diaphragms 84 and 86 lie at the outer side of the rigid tube 80 and at the facing end sides of the flanges 70, 76.
  • the radial widths B1 of the diaphragm 84 and B2 of the diaphragm 86 should again be kept as small as possible to reduce the problem of pressure transfer, as explained above with reference to the example of embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows a third example of embodiment of the dust protection means which is formed by modifying the example of embodiment of FIG. 5.
  • the annular flange 70 provided with the plate-shaped recess 74 is arranged in dust-tight manner such that its opening 72 aligns with the opening 48 in the partition 50.
  • a second flange 88 is again connected in dust-tight manner to the support rod 46 but in this case the external diameter of the second flange 88 is less than the external diameter of the first flange 70.
  • the rigid tube 90 is divided into several (three in the example illustrated) annular tube sections 91, 92, 93 of different diameters.
  • the diameters of the tube sections decrease stepwise with increasing distance from the partition 50, the greatest diameter, i.e. the diameter of the tube section 91, being less than the diameter of the annular flange 70 and the smallest diameter, i.e. the diameter of the tube section 93, being greater than the diameter of the flange 88.
  • the sum of the lengths of the tube sections 91, 92 and 93 is substantially equal to the distance between the flanges 70 and 88.
  • the external surfaces of the tube sections 90, 92, 93 and the surfaces of the flanges 70 and 88 are again enclosed by a closely engaging hose-like covering or envelope 94 of flexible diaphragm material, for example silicone rubber, and the end portions of the hose-like covering 94 are connected to the outer surfaces of the flanges 70 and 88 in dust-tight manner round the periphery thereof.
  • a closely engaging hose-like covering or envelope 94 of flexible diaphragm material for example silicone rubber
  • the annular sections of the hose-like covering 94 which extend substantially radially and which cover the intermediate spaces between the outer surfaces of the flanges and the outer tube sections 91, 93 and the intermediate spaces between the individual tube sections 91-92 and 92-93 form flexible annular diaphragms 95, 96, 97, 98 which again permit transverse displacement of the support rod 46 with tilting of the tube sections 91, 92, 93.
  • the effective diaphragm area in this case depends on the sum of all the radial widths B1, B2, B3, B4 of the diaphragms 95, 96, 97, 98 for which once again the dimensioning rule explained above applies.
  • the dust protection means described is of course not limited to use in the bulk flow meter chosen only by way of example.
  • it is independent of the construction of the baffle plate support usedand the nature dependent thereon of the movement of the rod-like connecting member passing through the opening 48.
  • it is equally well suited to bulk flow meters in which the baffle plate support is not displaced parallel but executes a rotational movement about an axis lying in the measuring chamber.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
US06/852,425 1985-04-25 1986-04-16 Bulk flow meter Expired - Fee Related US4718284A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3514987 1985-04-25
DE19853514987 DE3514987A1 (de) 1985-04-25 1985-04-25 Schuettstrommesser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4718284A true US4718284A (en) 1988-01-12

Family

ID=6269126

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/852,425 Expired - Fee Related US4718284A (en) 1985-04-25 1986-04-16 Bulk flow meter

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4718284A (nl)
JP (1) JPS61281919A (nl)
AU (1) AU561966B2 (nl)
CA (1) CA1302983C (nl)
CH (1) CH670155A5 (nl)
DE (1) DE3514987A1 (nl)
FR (1) FR2581181B1 (nl)
GB (1) GB2174502B (nl)
IT (1) IT1189464B (nl)
NL (1) NL191100C (nl)
SE (1) SE461356B (nl)
ZA (1) ZA862600B (nl)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4777361A (en) * 1986-08-06 1988-10-11 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh Encased position measuring instrument
US4955270A (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-09-11 Beta Raven Inc. Dry flow sensor
US5752545A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-05-19 Comptrol Computer Control, Inc. Flow control device and flowmeter for granular material or the like
CN104620998A (zh) * 2015-03-07 2015-05-20 西北农林科技大学 一种投喂机下料板
CN107014446A (zh) * 2017-03-17 2017-08-04 合肥固泰自动化有限公司 一种冲板固体物料流量计

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015068721A (ja) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-13 株式会社イシダ 計量ユニット

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1178268B (de) * 1962-06-05 1964-09-17 Danfoss As Hebelwerk zur UEbertragung einer Schwenk-bewegung durch eine Wand eines in einer Abdichtmembran gelagerten Schwenkhebels, insbesondere fuer ein schwimmergesteuertes, elektrisches Kontaktsystem
US3269181A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-08-30 Halliburton Co Flow responsive devices
US3557616A (en) * 1967-09-29 1971-01-26 Combustion Eng Particle flow sensing device
DE2534096A1 (de) * 1975-07-30 1977-02-17 Siemens Ag Kraftmesseinrichtung
GB1537785A (en) * 1975-03-05 1979-01-04 Buehler Ag Geb Apparatus for use in measuring or regulating the rate of flow of flowable materials
US4506556A (en) * 1982-07-01 1985-03-26 Asea Aktiebolag Pressure-compensating device in load cells
US4550619A (en) * 1983-03-28 1985-11-05 Beta Ii, Incorporated Suspension for a linear force transducer

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1166568B (de) * 1961-03-17 1964-03-26 Siemens Ag Dichtungsanordnung zwischen einer Welle und einer Gehaeusedurchfuehrung
JPS5157673U (nl) * 1974-10-31 1976-05-06
JPS57189013A (en) * 1981-05-16 1982-11-20 Sankyo Dengiyou Kk Impact type flowmeter of pulverulent body
US4538471A (en) * 1983-03-28 1985-09-03 Beta Ii, Incorporated Impulse momentum dry flow sensor with linear force transducer and suspension therefor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1178268B (de) * 1962-06-05 1964-09-17 Danfoss As Hebelwerk zur UEbertragung einer Schwenk-bewegung durch eine Wand eines in einer Abdichtmembran gelagerten Schwenkhebels, insbesondere fuer ein schwimmergesteuertes, elektrisches Kontaktsystem
US3269181A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-08-30 Halliburton Co Flow responsive devices
US3557616A (en) * 1967-09-29 1971-01-26 Combustion Eng Particle flow sensing device
GB1537785A (en) * 1975-03-05 1979-01-04 Buehler Ag Geb Apparatus for use in measuring or regulating the rate of flow of flowable materials
DE2534096A1 (de) * 1975-07-30 1977-02-17 Siemens Ag Kraftmesseinrichtung
US4506556A (en) * 1982-07-01 1985-03-26 Asea Aktiebolag Pressure-compensating device in load cells
US4550619A (en) * 1983-03-28 1985-11-05 Beta Ii, Incorporated Suspension for a linear force transducer

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4777361A (en) * 1986-08-06 1988-10-11 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh Encased position measuring instrument
US4955270A (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-09-11 Beta Raven Inc. Dry flow sensor
US5752545A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-05-19 Comptrol Computer Control, Inc. Flow control device and flowmeter for granular material or the like
CN104620998A (zh) * 2015-03-07 2015-05-20 西北农林科技大学 一种投喂机下料板
CN107014446A (zh) * 2017-03-17 2017-08-04 合肥固泰自动化有限公司 一种冲板固体物料流量计

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8601786D0 (sv) 1986-04-18
IT8620149A1 (it) 1987-10-18
AU5618486A (en) 1986-11-06
NL191100C (nl) 1995-01-16
SE461356B (sv) 1990-02-05
FR2581181A1 (fr) 1986-10-31
GB2174502A (en) 1986-11-05
AU561966B2 (en) 1987-05-21
JPH0529048B2 (nl) 1993-04-28
GB2174502B (en) 1988-08-10
GB8610107D0 (en) 1986-05-29
DE3514987C2 (nl) 1988-05-26
NL191100B (nl) 1994-08-16
DE3514987A1 (de) 1986-10-30
CH670155A5 (nl) 1989-05-12
CA1302983C (en) 1992-06-09
ZA862600B (en) 1987-07-29
NL8601061A (nl) 1986-11-17
JPS61281919A (ja) 1986-12-12
FR2581181B1 (fr) 1990-08-03
SE8601786L (sv) 1987-10-19
IT8620149A0 (it) 1986-04-18
IT1189464B (it) 1988-02-04

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