US468241A - Fourth to powell m - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

P. G. DOUGLAS.

WRENCH.

No. 468,241, Patented Feb. 2, 1892.

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'iw/ag PENDLE'ION G. DOUGLAS, OF GAINESVILLE,

PATENT OFFICE.

TIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- FOURTH TO POWELL lli. BRADLEY, OF SAME PLACE.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 468,241, dated `February 2, 1892.

Application filed October 6, 1891.

To @ZZ whom, it may concern.'

l Be it known that I, PENDLETON G. DoUeLAs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Gainesville, in the county ot' Prince lVilliam and Statev of f'irginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lVienclies, ot' which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to wrenches and other analogous devices, and is designed particularly as an improvement on ratchet-wrenches.

The chief object of theinvention is to maintain the parallelism of pivotally-mounted gripping-jaws, so as to distribute the pressure equally on all parts of the gripped faces of the nut or bolt and to enable the points or ends of the jaws to lie closely to the sides of the nut, thus enabling the wrench to be operated in a limited space.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the shell of the wrench-head and its coacting parts as to render the wrench capable of withstanding great torsional strain.

lVith these objects in View the invention consists in novel features of construction and combinations, which will be fully described in the ensuing specification and claimed in the clauses at the close thereof.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a ratchet-wrench embodying my improvements, a portion of the handle and of the shell being broken away and the jaws being shown as open. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the head with the jaws more nearly closed. Fig. 3 is a similar view with the jaws removed. Fig. l illustrates in perspective the removed and separated parts. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the wrench-head, taken from the end. Fig. G isa detail view showing a portion of one of the sides or cheeks of the head, illustrating a modified construction.

Referring to the drawings, A is a handle or lever provided at its in ner end with a ring B, encircling the upper end of the head O of the wrench. This handle or lever A is also provided on opposite sides, near its inner end, with spring-pressed pawls a, each designed to engage a circular rack or ratchet c, formed on or secured to the head O of the wrench, a

Serial No, 407,886. (No model.)

fianged collar A being mounted on the handle A in such position that its liange a' may depress the outer end of either one of the pawls a, thus permitting but one of the pawls a to remain in engagement with the ratchet c. The flange a is, however, so formed that by proper adjustment of the collar A both of the pawls may relnain in engagement with the ratchet c, thus locking the head C and handle A together, all of which is usual and well known in this class of devices.

To the upper cud of head C is secured a washer b, the flanged head of a thumb-nut D bearing on its upper surface. This thumbnut D is provided with a tubular stem d, threaded internally to engage the threaded stem of a bolt, which passes up into the central opening of the head O, as shown. The head of this bolt is fiattened and provided with transverse sockets e, side by side, for the reception of the pivot-bolts f of arms or links F, which are adapted to play within the lower or outer chambered end of the head C. At the inner end of the chamber is formed a heartshaped abutment C', intersected by a slot, in which is seated the head of the bolt E, the inner ends f of the links F being correspondingly shaped, for a purpose to be hereinafter explained. To the outer ends of links F are pivoted the jaws G, the inner ends of the Shanks or stems g of which are beveled outwardly and engage the oppositely-beveled webs c2 of the head C, as shown in Fig. 2.

The pivot-bolts G', which connect the jaws G with links F, are turned down at the outer ends to receive a coiled spring g', the ends of which engage the j aw-shank and the link and the stress of which is exerted to maintain the faces of said jaws parallel with the links F.

In operation the turning of the thumb-nut D to draw screw-bolt E within the tubular stem will force the extensions f against the curved sides of the heart-shaped abutment O, thus forcing the outer ends of the links together. Meanwhile the beveled inner ends of stems g of jaws G will be forced by springs g against the oppositely-beveled faces of the webs c2, and, sliding upon them to a degree corresponding to the movement of the links, the operating-faces of jaws G will remain always parallel to each other, thus fitting them not IOO only for the more ready adjustment to a nut, but insuring that the faces of the nut shall be closely and accurately engaged when the jaws are forced against it. The abutment C also effects a spreading ofthe links F by its engagement With projections or knees f3 of the latter, Fig. 1, which knees extend inward a short distance beyond the pivots'f.

It will be understood that the jaw-Shanks can be made double or bifurcated andthe links single and situated between or in the bifurcation of theshanks. lVhen the shanks are thus brought with their side faces against the inner faces of the cheeks of theY head C,

the oflices of the inclines c2 can be performed by inclined grooves c4, formed in said cheeks, Fig. 6, With which engage pins c5, which Will be fixed in and carried by the shanks. This latter construction may be inverted, forming the grooves in the parts Gand fixing the pins in the head C. Y

It VWill be seenthat the parts F and G fit neatly Within and entirely ll the space be tween the sides of the stock and that the ends Y of the links extend into the central cavity of the head. There is thus formed a Wrench which is very solid and strong and capable of resisting great torsional force.

Vhat I claim, and desire to. secure by ters Patent, Vis Y v l. The combination, substantially as described, of the head having beveled Ways, the links seated in the head, and jaws pivoted at the outer ends of the links and having their stems in engagement with the ways of the head, substantially as set forth. A

2. The combination, substantially as de scribed, of the head, the screw-bolt adjustable therein, the links, and the jaws having stems adapted to move in contact with a ixed part of the head, substantially as set forth.

3, In a Wrench, the combination, With the head, of the jaws G, pivoted therein and hav- :Let-

ing springs g at their pivots, and means for adj nsting the jaws, substantially as set forth. 4. In a Wrench, the combination of the head, the jaws-having the knees f3 and extensions f', the abutment C', adapted to be engaged by said knees' and extensions, and means for adjusting the jaws, substantially'as set forth.V In testimony whereof I afiix my signature 1n presence of two Witnesses.

VPENDLETON G. DOUGLAS. lVitnesses:

XV. A. NEWMAN, G. S. WHEDBEE.

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