US4336438A - Apparatus for automatic semi-batch sheet treatment of semiconductor wafers by plasma reaction - Google Patents

Apparatus for automatic semi-batch sheet treatment of semiconductor wafers by plasma reaction Download PDF

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Publication number
US4336438A
US4336438A US06/187,748 US18774880A US4336438A US 4336438 A US4336438 A US 4336438A US 18774880 A US18774880 A US 18774880A US 4336438 A US4336438 A US 4336438A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wafer
wafer carrying
carrying wire
opening
conveyors
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US06/187,748
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English (en)
Inventor
Akira Uehara
Hiroyuki Kiyota
Shigekazu Miyazaki
Hisashi Nakane
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Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co Ltd
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Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co Ltd
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Assigned to TOKYO OHKA KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment TOKYO OHKA KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: KIYOTA HIROYUKI, MIYAZAKI SHIGEKAZU, NAKANE HISASHI, UEHARA AKIRA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
    • H01L21/677—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations
    • H01L21/67763—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations the wafers being stored in a carrier, involving loading and unloading
    • H01L21/67778—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations the wafers being stored in a carrier, involving loading and unloading involving loading and unloading of wafers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
    • H01L21/677—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations
    • H01L21/67703—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations between different workstations
    • H01L21/67706—Mechanical details, e.g. roller, belt

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for the automatic sheet (slice) treatment of wafers such as high-purity silicon semiconductor wafers by plasma reaction, and more particularly to the apparatus for the treatment of the wafer by plasma reaction with an improved wafer carrying means.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,151,034 discloses a continuous gas plasma etching apparatus.
  • a workpiece is subjected to etching while the workpiece is on an endless belt turning in a reaction chamber to pass through the reaction chamber so that undesirably scattering results from the etching treatment are obtained.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,189,923 also discloses an automatic apparatus for the treatment of wafer materials by plasma reaction, in which all elements of the apparatus are installed on an inclined base table to effect the downward movement of the wafer, and the wafer is to be stopped as required by a wafer stopper such as a nib or rotary block. Accordingly, there is the drawback that the wafer is liable to be damaged due to the stopper on stopping the wafer.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,094,722 also discloses a continuous etching apparatus for etching a semiconductor element using a plasma, in which an activated gas from a gas plasma is conducted into an airtight etching chamber and a rotatable support plate having a semiconductor element holder rotates between a semiconductor element feeding chamber and the etching chamber in order to continuously feed the semiconductor elements in large amounts.
  • an airtight hollow chamber must be provided to contain the rotatable support plate because the etching treatment is effected under airtight conditions and a hatch, which is opened and closed as required, is also required to be provided in a separate position from the airtight etching chamber so that a semiconductor feeding means may be provided therebeneath.
  • the present inventors propose an apparatus for the treatment of a wafer by plasma reaction in U.S. Pat. No. 4,208,159 in which a sheet by sheet treatment of a wafer is effected continuously with such remarkable advantage that the scatter resulting from the treatment of wafers becomes narrower, the scatter from the treatment of wafers among both central and peripheral portions of a large-sized wafer also becomes narrower, ultra-fine patterning of the circuit becomes available, the apparatus is labor-saving, damages of a large-sized wafer during treatment operations are eliminated; thus, overcoming the drawbacks of the conventional apparatus. Further, the treating time per one sheet of wafer is shortened.
  • the apparatus is provided with a pair of pick-up driving mechanisms of revolving or parallel running-arm type which suck and release the wafer for carrying in a wafer carrying means.
  • pick-up heads are required to be exchanged depending upon the size of the wafer materials, and pressure control on sucking portions of the pick-up must be effected depending on the weight of the wafer materials.
  • Difference in weight of wafers after processing, especially large wafers, the weight difference will be big, and cannot be pick-up, or there will be a disadvantage of breakage due to strong suction.
  • this system will invited dirts and foreign matters onto wafers. Large wafers present difficult problems.
  • An object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for the automatic sheet by sheet semi-batch treatment of a wafer by the plasma reaction which is capable of readily carrying wafers, such as high-purity silicon semiconductor wafers of various sizes, shapes and materials.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for the automatic sheet-by-sheet semi-batch treatment of a wafer by plasma reaction which is capable of readily treating a wafer in a short period of time with no damage of the wafer during treating operations and with a narrow scatter of results from the treatment of respective wafers.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for the automatic sheet-by-sheet semi-batch treatment of a wafer by plasma reaction in which a unification of respective elements of the apparatus is readily available.
  • FIG. 1(A), 1(B), 1(C) and 1(D) are explanatory front views showing one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2(A) is a detail front view of a pair of open-close type semiconductor wafer-carrying wire conveyors which open and close in the circumferential direction and means for opening and closing the wire conveyors;
  • FIGS. 2(B) and 2(C) are explanatory side views of a pair of open-close type wafer carrying wire conveyors which open and close in an arcuate direction and means for opening and closing the wafer carrying wire conveyors;
  • FIG. 3(A) is a detail front view of a pair of open-close type wafer-carrying conveyors which open and close laterally and means for opening and closing the wafer carrying-wire conveyors; and FIGS. 3(B) and 3(C) are explanatory side views of a pair of open-close type wafer carrying wire conveyors which open and close laterally and means for opening and closing the wafer-carrying wire conveyors.
  • the objects of the present invention are attained by use of an improved wafer carrying means having a pair of open-close type wafer carrying wire conveyors which open and close in linkage motion with a wafer table having a sub-table instead of a conventional wafer carrying means having a pair of wafer carrying belt conveyors to and from a plasma reaction chamber as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,208,159 mentioned above as one of the prior arts.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for the automatic sheet-by-sheet semi-batch treatment of a wafer by plasma reaction, which apparatus comprises a wafer carrying means substantially composed of a conveyor for carrying a wafer to be treated, a pair of open-close type wafer carrying wire conveyors (hereinafter simply referred to as "wafer carrying wire conveyors") spaced in parallel at a certain distance, means for opening and closing the wafer carrying wire conveyors, and a treated wafer carrying conveyor; a reaction chamber with an opening at the bottom; a wafer table disposed beneath the opening of the reaction chamber, vertically movable to be fixed vacuum-tightly to the opening of the reaction chamber at the uppermost position, and provided with a sub-table which is fitted vacuum-tightly in the center of the wafer table, and vertically movable by means of an elevator cylinder to take the wafer mounted thereon into and out of the reaction chamber; and a control means for driving the wafer carrying means, the reaction chamber, the wafer table and the sub-table in linkage motion;
  • FIGS. 2(A), 2(B) and 2(C) show one embodiment of a means for opening and closing the wafer carrying wire conveyors, which is substantially composed of an elevator cylinder 14, a support 15, a pair of opening and closing arms 16,16', a pair of wafer carrying wire conveyor arms 17,17', a motor 18 and a pair of over-ride clutches 19,20 for holding the wafer carrying wire conveyor arms 17,17' and by which the open-close type wafer carrying wire conveyors 9,9' are opened and closed in the arcuate direction in linkage motion with the vertical movement of the elevator cylinder 14.
  • FIGS. 3(A), 3(B) and 3(C) show another embodiment of a means for opening and closing the wafer carrying wire conveyors, which is substantially composed of a wire conveyor arm slide shaft 21, a pair of wafer carrying wire conveyor arms 22,22', a pair of over-ride clutches 23,24 for holding the wafer carrying wire conveyor arms 22,22' and cylinders 25,25' for opening and closing the wafer carrying wire conveyor arms 22,22', and by which the wafer carrying wire conveyors 9,9' are opened and closed laterally as the wafer carrying wire conveyor arms 22,22' are opened and closed laterally by means of cylinders 25,25'.
  • the wafer carrying means in the apparatus of the present invention may further be composed of a wafer cassette mounted on a cassette elevator for supplying wafers to be treated, and a wafer cassette mounted on a cassette elevator for receiving treated wafers.
  • the wafer carrying wire conveyors may be spaced at such a distance that the wafer can be safely mounted thereon and that the sub-table can pass therebetween.
  • the sub-table of the present invention should have such a size that the wafer can be safely mounted thereon and that it can pass between a pair of wafer carrying wire conveyors.
  • the control means in the apparatus of the present invention is substantially composed of a microcomputer.
  • scatter in results occurring from the treatment of the respective wafers becomes narrow with no damage to the wafer during treating operations and the wafer can be treated automatically in a short period of time.
  • the wafer as an object of various sizes, shapes and materials can be readily carried out for the plasma treatment thereof.
  • the size of the wafer may be, for example, in the range of from 1.5 to 6 inches in diameter.
  • the shape of the wafer may be of any shape, for example, square or round.
  • Examples of the material as an object may include a silicon wafer, a glass plate, a ceramic substrate and the like.
  • respective parts of the apparatus such as a wafer supply part composed of a cassette elevator and a wafer cassette mounted thereon for supplying wafers to be treated, a reaction chamber part and the like can be unified to be controlled respectively by a microcomputer or the like.
  • the unification of respective parts of the apparatus permits parts which fail to be readily discovered by providing a display for immediate exchange or repair thereof and consequently minimizes a shut-down in the semiconductor production line.
  • a plurality of supply parts or reaction chamber parts may be provided in parallel for combination.
  • the electrode provided in the reaction chamber may be of a planar type or a coaxial or barrel type.
  • the control means of the apparatus in the present invention is substantially composed of a microcomputer. That is, the control means for bringing the individual parts into harmonized linkage motion may be a programmed control means well known in the control of various kinds of machine tools for automatic machining. For example, each of a plurality of cams fixed to a revolving shaft serves to start and stop the motion of one of the individual parts in a predetermined schedule. Alternatively the linkage motion can be controlled by a series of electric relays.
  • wafers to be treated are stacked in a wafer cassette 10 mounted on a cassette elevator 11.
  • a lowermost wafer 30 stacked in the wafer cassette 10 is carried to a position beneath an opening of a reaction chamber 1 and above a sub-table 6 by means of a conveyor 13 for carrying a wafer to be treated and by a pair of open-close type wafer carrying wire conveyors 9, as shown in FIG. 1(B).
  • a wafer to be treated may be supplied directly from a preceding step by a conveyor (not shown) without being stacked in the wafer cassette 10.
  • the sub-table 6 is extended upward for the wafer 30 to be mounted thereon and taken up to a predetermined position above the wafer carrying wire conveyors 9, as shown in FIG.
  • an elevator cylinder 14 extends upward for the open-close type wafer carrying wire conveyors 9,9' to be opened in an arcuate direction through a pair of wafer carrying conveyor arms 16,16' as shown in FIG. 2(C) and, according to another embodiment, the wafer carrying wire conveyor arms 22,22' are separated from each other laterally sliding on a wafer carrying wire conveyor arm slide shaft 21 by means of a pair of cylinders 25,25' for the open-close type wafer carrying wire conveyors 9,9' to be opened laterally as shown in FIG. 3(C).
  • a sub-table 6 and a sub-table shaft 6' integrally provided with each other are vacuum-tightly fitted in a wafer table 5.
  • the wafer table 5 is extended upward through the opened wafer carrying wire conveyors 9, by means of an elevator cylinder 7 to be fixed vacuum-tightly to the opening of the reaction chamber 1 with the sub-table 6 fitted therein and the wafer 30 mounted thereon as shown in FIG. 1(D).
  • the reaction chamber 1 is evacuated by a vacuum line 4 connected to a vacuum pump (not shown), and a gas for plasma treatment is introduced thereinto through a plasma gas nozzle 3.
  • a plasma is generated under vacuum with a radio frequency generator (not shown) by the application of a high voltage electrode 2 for the treatment of the wafer 30 by plasma reaction.
  • the pressure inside the reaction chamber 1 is increased to atmospheric pressure.
  • the wafer table 5 is returned to the original position while the sub-table 6 is returned to the predetermined position above the wafer carrying wire conveyors 9.
  • the wafer carrying wire conveyors 9,9' are closed to be ready for receiving the treated wafer 30 thereon as shown in FIGS. 2(B) and 3(B).
  • the sub-table 6 is returned to the original position while the treated wafer 30 is mounted on the wafer carrying wire conveyors 9,9'.
  • the treated wafer 30 is carried by the wafer carrying wire conveyors 9,9' and a treated wafer carrying conveyor 13' to be stacked in a cassette 10' mounted on a wafer cassette elevator 11' or to be subjected to the succeeding step.
  • the wafer table 5, the sub-table 6 and the wafer carrying wire conveyors 9,9' are operated in linkage motion and the upward and downward movements of the wafer table 5 and the subtable 6, and the opening and closing of the wafer carrying wire conveyors 9,9' are effected by means of a cylinder using a compressed gas or the like or by other means.
  • the above procedure is carried out automatically in succession by a control means such as a microcomputer (not shown) located in the drive control as shown in FIG. 1(A).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)
US06/187,748 1979-09-11 1980-09-16 Apparatus for automatic semi-batch sheet treatment of semiconductor wafers by plasma reaction Expired - Lifetime US4336438A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1979124709U JPS5643158U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-09-11 1979-09-11
JP54-124709[U] 1979-09-11

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Cited By (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4381965A (en) * 1982-01-06 1983-05-03 Drytek, Inc. Multi-planar electrode plasma etching
US4501527A (en) * 1982-05-25 1985-02-26 Ernst Leitz Wetzlar Gmbh Device for automatically transporting disk shaped objects
US4550239A (en) * 1981-10-05 1985-10-29 Tokyo Denshi Kagaku Kabushiki Kaisha Automatic plasma processing device and heat treatment device
US4550242A (en) * 1981-10-05 1985-10-29 Tokyo Denshi Kagaku Kabushiki Kaisha Automatic plasma processing device and heat treatment device for batch treatment of workpieces
US4595481A (en) * 1984-08-21 1986-06-17 Komag, Inc. Disk carrier
US4595483A (en) * 1984-04-06 1986-06-17 Leybold Hearaeus Gmbh Cathode sputtering apparatus with adjacently arranged stations
US4611110A (en) * 1983-09-01 1986-09-09 Skf Steel Enginering Ab Method and apparatus for connecting a plasma generator to a reactor
US4619573A (en) * 1984-03-09 1986-10-28 Tegal Corporation Article transport apparatus
US4621967A (en) * 1982-01-18 1986-11-11 Usm Corporation Automatic board loaders
US4632624A (en) * 1984-03-09 1986-12-30 Tegal Corporation Vacuum load lock apparatus
US4643629A (en) * 1984-10-30 1987-02-17 Anelva Corporation Automatic loader
US4674936A (en) * 1985-08-26 1987-06-23 Asyst Technologies Short arm manipulator for standard mechanical interface apparatus
US4676709A (en) * 1985-08-26 1987-06-30 Asyst Technologies Long arm manipulator for standard mechanical interface apparatus
US4685551A (en) * 1984-08-31 1987-08-11 Eujitsu Limited Delivery apparatus
US4695700A (en) * 1984-10-22 1987-09-22 Texas Instruments Incorporated Dual detector system for determining endpoint of plasma etch process
US4699555A (en) * 1986-05-08 1987-10-13 Micrion Limited Partnership Module positioning apparatus
US4701096A (en) * 1986-03-05 1987-10-20 Btu Engineering Corporation Wafer handling station
US4712963A (en) * 1983-01-18 1987-12-15 Nihon Den-Netsu Keiki Co. Ltd. Apparatus for soldering printed circuit boards
US4735701A (en) * 1984-08-21 1988-04-05 Komag, Inc. Disk carrier
US4759681A (en) * 1985-01-22 1988-07-26 Nissin Electric Co. Ltd. End station for an ion implantation apparatus
US4809538A (en) * 1987-08-07 1989-03-07 Oakland Engineering Inc. Ultrasonic leak detector
US4815912A (en) * 1984-12-24 1989-03-28 Asyst Technologies, Inc. Box door actuated retainer
US4846334A (en) * 1988-02-29 1989-07-11 Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. Conveyor for tire uniformity measurement machine
US4856641A (en) * 1986-11-25 1989-08-15 Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd. Apparatus and a method for carrying wafers
US4909695A (en) * 1986-04-04 1990-03-20 Materials Research Corporation Method and apparatus for handling and processing wafer-like materials
US4915564A (en) * 1986-04-04 1990-04-10 Materials Research Corporation Method and apparatus for handling and processing wafer-like materials
US4943416A (en) * 1987-09-23 1990-07-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Marukomu Automatic urinalysis system
US4969790A (en) * 1987-08-12 1990-11-13 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus on the carousel principle for the coating of substrates
US5006220A (en) * 1987-10-26 1991-04-09 Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. Electrode for use in the treatment of an object in a plasma
US5225651A (en) * 1990-09-19 1993-07-06 Ugine S. A. Device for low-temperature plasma surface treatment of a plate or a sheet of a metallic material
US5322156A (en) * 1991-08-30 1994-06-21 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle body conveying apparatus
US5421446A (en) * 1993-03-12 1995-06-06 United Parcel Service Of America, Inc. Article diverter apparatus for use in conveyor systems
US6155402A (en) * 1998-05-14 2000-12-05 Valiant Machine & Tool Inc. Conveyor system
US6378198B1 (en) * 1996-11-27 2002-04-30 Fuji Machine Mfg. Co., Ltd. Circuit-substrate-related-operation performing system
US20020134310A1 (en) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-26 Condrashoff Robert S. Material handling system and method for a multi-workpiece plasma treatment system
WO2003007350A3 (en) * 2001-07-12 2003-07-24 Speedline Mfg Company Wafer jar loader method, system and apparatus
US6709522B1 (en) 2000-07-11 2004-03-23 Nordson Corporation Material handling system and methods for a multichamber plasma treatment system
US6808592B1 (en) 1994-12-05 2004-10-26 Nordson Corporation High throughput plasma treatment system
US6972071B1 (en) 1999-07-13 2005-12-06 Nordson Corporation High-speed symmetrical plasma treatment system
US20150117993A1 (en) * 2013-10-24 2015-04-30 Fu Ding Electronical Technology (Jiashan) Co.,Ltd. Automated workpiece loading/unloading device

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US3213997A (en) * 1963-07-02 1965-10-26 Farrel Corp Inspection machine
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US4151034A (en) * 1976-12-22 1979-04-24 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Continuous gas plasma etching apparatus
US4208159A (en) * 1977-07-18 1980-06-17 Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for the treatment of a wafer by plasma reaction
US4263088A (en) * 1979-06-25 1981-04-21 Motorola, Inc. Method for process control of a plasma reaction

Patent Citations (7)

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US3213997A (en) * 1963-07-02 1965-10-26 Farrel Corp Inspection machine
US3623719A (en) * 1968-10-07 1971-11-30 Turner Ag Maschf Method and apparatus for transferring flat, flexible sheets onto a conveyor
US3812947A (en) * 1969-07-29 1974-05-28 Texas Instruments Inc Automatic slice processing
US4151034A (en) * 1976-12-22 1979-04-24 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Continuous gas plasma etching apparatus
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Cited By (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4550239A (en) * 1981-10-05 1985-10-29 Tokyo Denshi Kagaku Kabushiki Kaisha Automatic plasma processing device and heat treatment device
US4550242A (en) * 1981-10-05 1985-10-29 Tokyo Denshi Kagaku Kabushiki Kaisha Automatic plasma processing device and heat treatment device for batch treatment of workpieces
US4381965A (en) * 1982-01-06 1983-05-03 Drytek, Inc. Multi-planar electrode plasma etching
US4621967A (en) * 1982-01-18 1986-11-11 Usm Corporation Automatic board loaders
US4501527A (en) * 1982-05-25 1985-02-26 Ernst Leitz Wetzlar Gmbh Device for automatically transporting disk shaped objects
US4695215A (en) * 1982-05-25 1987-09-22 Ernst Leitz Wetzlar Gmbh Device for automatically transporting disk shaped objects
US4712963A (en) * 1983-01-18 1987-12-15 Nihon Den-Netsu Keiki Co. Ltd. Apparatus for soldering printed circuit boards
US4611110A (en) * 1983-09-01 1986-09-09 Skf Steel Enginering Ab Method and apparatus for connecting a plasma generator to a reactor
US4619573A (en) * 1984-03-09 1986-10-28 Tegal Corporation Article transport apparatus
US4632624A (en) * 1984-03-09 1986-12-30 Tegal Corporation Vacuum load lock apparatus
US4595483A (en) * 1984-04-06 1986-06-17 Leybold Hearaeus Gmbh Cathode sputtering apparatus with adjacently arranged stations
US4595481A (en) * 1984-08-21 1986-06-17 Komag, Inc. Disk carrier
US4735701A (en) * 1984-08-21 1988-04-05 Komag, Inc. Disk carrier
US4685551A (en) * 1984-08-31 1987-08-11 Eujitsu Limited Delivery apparatus
US4695700A (en) * 1984-10-22 1987-09-22 Texas Instruments Incorporated Dual detector system for determining endpoint of plasma etch process
US4643629A (en) * 1984-10-30 1987-02-17 Anelva Corporation Automatic loader
US4815912A (en) * 1984-12-24 1989-03-28 Asyst Technologies, Inc. Box door actuated retainer
US4759681A (en) * 1985-01-22 1988-07-26 Nissin Electric Co. Ltd. End station for an ion implantation apparatus
US4674936A (en) * 1985-08-26 1987-06-23 Asyst Technologies Short arm manipulator for standard mechanical interface apparatus
US4676709A (en) * 1985-08-26 1987-06-30 Asyst Technologies Long arm manipulator for standard mechanical interface apparatus
US4701096A (en) * 1986-03-05 1987-10-20 Btu Engineering Corporation Wafer handling station
US4909695A (en) * 1986-04-04 1990-03-20 Materials Research Corporation Method and apparatus for handling and processing wafer-like materials
US4915564A (en) * 1986-04-04 1990-04-10 Materials Research Corporation Method and apparatus for handling and processing wafer-like materials
US4699555A (en) * 1986-05-08 1987-10-13 Micrion Limited Partnership Module positioning apparatus
US4856641A (en) * 1986-11-25 1989-08-15 Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd. Apparatus and a method for carrying wafers
US4809538A (en) * 1987-08-07 1989-03-07 Oakland Engineering Inc. Ultrasonic leak detector
US4969790A (en) * 1987-08-12 1990-11-13 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus on the carousel principle for the coating of substrates
US4943416A (en) * 1987-09-23 1990-07-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Marukomu Automatic urinalysis system
US5006220A (en) * 1987-10-26 1991-04-09 Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. Electrode for use in the treatment of an object in a plasma
US5022979A (en) * 1987-10-26 1991-06-11 Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. Electrode for use in the treatment of an object in a plasma
US4846334A (en) * 1988-02-29 1989-07-11 Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. Conveyor for tire uniformity measurement machine
US5225651A (en) * 1990-09-19 1993-07-06 Ugine S. A. Device for low-temperature plasma surface treatment of a plate or a sheet of a metallic material
US5322156A (en) * 1991-08-30 1994-06-21 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle body conveying apparatus
US5421446A (en) * 1993-03-12 1995-06-06 United Parcel Service Of America, Inc. Article diverter apparatus for use in conveyor systems
US6808592B1 (en) 1994-12-05 2004-10-26 Nordson Corporation High throughput plasma treatment system
US20070175588A1 (en) * 1994-12-05 2007-08-02 Nordson Corporation High throughput plasma treatment system
US7201823B2 (en) 1994-12-05 2007-04-10 Nordson Corporation High throughput plasma treatment system
US20050039853A1 (en) * 1994-12-05 2005-02-24 Nordson Corporation High throughput plasma treatment system
US6378198B1 (en) * 1996-11-27 2002-04-30 Fuji Machine Mfg. Co., Ltd. Circuit-substrate-related-operation performing system
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