US4126043A - Apparatus for dividing a liquid into precisely defined aliquots - Google Patents

Apparatus for dividing a liquid into precisely defined aliquots Download PDF

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Publication number
US4126043A
US4126043A US05/831,248 US83124877A US4126043A US 4126043 A US4126043 A US 4126043A US 83124877 A US83124877 A US 83124877A US 4126043 A US4126043 A US 4126043A
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United States
Prior art keywords
orifice
liquid
bowl
set forth
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US05/831,248
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English (en)
Inventor
Werner Schurmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mettler Toledo Schweiz GmbH
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Mettler Instrumente AG
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Assigned to METTLER-TOLEDO AG (METTLER-TOLEDO SA) (METTLER-TOLEDO LTD), IM LANGACHER GREIFENSEE, SWITZERLAND reassignment METTLER-TOLEDO AG (METTLER-TOLEDO SA) (METTLER-TOLEDO LTD), IM LANGACHER GREIFENSEE, SWITZERLAND CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). NOVEMBER 24, 1989 Assignors: METTLER INSTRUMENTE AG
Assigned to METTLER-TOLEDO GMBH reassignment METTLER-TOLEDO GMBH CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: METTLER-TOLEDO AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/18—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state with provision for splitting samples into portions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the dividing of an amount of liquid into several portions in a precise, predetermined ratio, and particularly to apparatus for so dividing liquid.
  • a pipette is the instrument conventionally employed for manually withdrawing an aliquot from a body of liquid to be analyzed, and automatic pipettes have been used in automatic apparatus for chemical analysis in which several aliquots often have to be drawn from the same body of liquid.
  • Automatic pipettes satisfying requirements for high precision are relatively complex, and they are costly to build and to maintain in good working condition.
  • the invention provides a normally stationary support on which a bowl is mounted for movement about an axis of rotation.
  • An axially extending wall bounds a cavity in the bowl capable of containing the liquid to be divided during rotation of the bowl.
  • the wall is formed with a passage extending therethrough between a first orifice communicating with the bowl cavity and a second orifice spaced radially outward from the first orifice relative to the axis of rotation.
  • partition walls mounted on the support and transversely intersecting the afore-mentioned radial plane define therebetween receptacles on the support which are open toward the liquid-discharging orifice and each receive a portion of the discharged liquid.
  • the several portions may be withdrawn separately from the several receptacles through suitable draining devices.
  • FIG. 1 shows apparatus of the invention in elevational section on the line I--I in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1 in plan section on the line II--II.
  • liquid dividing apparatus of the invention which has many features in common with a conventional, continuously operating centrifugal separator.
  • stator 12 includes a sturdy supporting frame 10 on which a unitary, metallic stator 12 is fixedly mounted.
  • the stator 12 is of generally cylindrical shape about an upright axis and is shown separately in FIG. 2.
  • Six identical chambers 14 in the stator are each of at least partly circular cross section about respective axes of curvature which are located in a common conical surface about the stator axis, that is, the several axes of curvature intersect the stator axis at the same point at identical angles of 45° and diverge downward from the point of intersection in equiangular distribution about the stator axis.
  • Axial bores 16 in the stator 12 provide separate draining outlets from the lowermost portions of the several chambers 14 and receive respective flanged, tubular plugs 18 from which nipples 19 project downwardly.
  • the ducts 20 in the plugs 18 and nipples 19 have conically flaring upper orifices.
  • the upper ends 24 of the chambers 14 are similarly enlarged so that the partition wall separating each chamber 14 from adjacent chambers ends in an almost vertical knife edge 26.
  • the stator 12 has a central bore 28 which varies in diameter along its axial length. Its very wide top portion communicates with the upper ends 24 of the chambers 14.
  • Two ball bearings 30, 30' are coaxially retained in the bore 28 in axially spaced relationship by a flat retaining ring 32 attached to the bottom face of the stator 12 by screws 34.
  • a tubular drive shaft 42 journaled in the bearins 30, 30' carries a pulley 35 at its lower end outside the bore 28 and an integrally attached bowl 36 at its upper end in the wide top portion of the bore 28.
  • the cavity 38 of the bowl 36 has a major portion conically tapering in an upward direction at an acute angle of about 60° to the wide open top of the bowl, while a minor bowl portion tapers conically downward from the base of the major portion at an obtuse angle to an orifice of the bore 40 in the drive shaft 42.
  • a stationary waste line 44 is mounted on the frame 10 below the lower orifice of the drive shaft 42 in a manner not specifically shown.
  • the upper orifice of the bore 40 is spacedly covered in the cavity 38 by a conical baffle 46 removably mounted on upright legs 51.
  • Three radial bores 50, 50', 50" are provided in the axially extending wall 48 of the bowl 36 in respective radial planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the drive shaft 42 and of the bowl 36 slightly above the baffle 46 and intersecting the knife edges 26.
  • the radially inner orifices of the bores 50, 50', 50" communicate directly with the major portion of the cavity 38, and their outer orifices are located one above the other in the outer surface of the wall 48.
  • the stator bore 28 is upwardly closed by a cover 52 fastened to the top surface of the stator 12 by screws 54.
  • An annular gasket 55 prevents liquid from leaking between the cover 52 and stator 12.
  • a flanged sleeve 56 centrally set into the cover 52 receives a supply pipe 58 whose lower end axially extends into the bowl cavity 38 and has an oblique, annular end face 60.
  • FIG. 1 Only two of the six plugs 18 and nipples 19 are shown in FIG. 1 in order not to crowd the drawing.
  • a flexible hose 62 of reinforced elastomeric material is slipped over each nipple 19 and leads into a heavy-walled, rigid tube 66 from which a discharge spout 64 depends.
  • a helical tension spring 68 attached to the frame 10 holds each tube 66 in contact with the cylindrical face of a disc 70 eccentrically mounted on a shaft 71. The shaft is received in a bore of the frame 10 with sufficient friction that the spring 68 cannot turn the disc 70 from its angular position.
  • one of the spouts 64 is directed straight down from the associated nipple 19 toward the open top of a beaker 72, while the other spout 64 is directed toward a beaker 74 stationed below the center of the stator 12.
  • the illustrated apparatus may be operated as follows:
  • the rotor assembly consisting of the bowl 36 and the drive shaft 42 is rotated at high speed (3000-9000 RPM) by a belt trained over the pulley 35 and a corresponding larger pulley on the output shaft of an electric motor in a conventional manner, not shown.
  • the liquid to be divided into aliquots is fed to the cavity 38 of the rotating bowl 36 through the supply pipe 58.
  • the entering liquid is deflected by the baffle 46 toward the rapidly rotating wall 48 and rises along the wall to the inner orifice of the bore 50.
  • the liquid is discharged by centrifugal forces in a single radial jet intersecting the several knife edges 26 and thereby divided precisely between the several receptacles of the stator 12 in the chambers 14 and associated openings separated by integral partition walls of the stator.
  • Each receptacle tapers gradually from the upper end 24 of the corresponding chamber 14 to the nipple 19 and practically no liquid is retained in the descending flow path to the spout 64. If liquid is trapped in the widest part of the bowl 36, it can be dislodged by a washing liquid which also is uniformly distributed among the several receptacles.
  • a solid precipitate was initially suspended in the supplied liquid, it collects in the bowl 36, and remains there even after washing in the rotating bowl. It may be flushed from the arrested bowl through the bore 40 into the waste line 44. If no solid matter needs to be separated from the divided liquid, the baffle 46 may be replaced by a plug entering the bore 40 and having an enlarged head in the cavity 38 as not specifically illustrated.
  • the receptacles of an actual embodiment of the illustrated stator 12 divide the supplied liquid into six portions which differ from each other by not more than one part in one thousand.
  • the partitions terminating in the knife edges 26 are machined with the necessary precision out of a solid block of metal in a relatively simple manner, the machining operation being further facilitated by the conical distribution of the receptacle axes.
  • the discharged liquid portions may be collected separately or combined again in any desired manner by manipulating the discs 70.
  • six equal aliquots may be collected in individual beakers as is shown at 72, or as many as five aliquots may be collected in a centrally stationed, common vessel in the manner shown at 74.
  • the apparatus may be used as a centrifugal separator and all the supernatant combined in one container toward which each of the six spouts 64 is aimed by the associated discs 70.
  • the rate of liquid supply to the bowl cavity 38 is preferably controlled in such a manner that the liquid passes through the bowl wall 48 only in the bore 50. There is a slight loss in precision if the liquid is supplied fast enough to cause intermittent discharge from one or both of the safety passages provided by the bores 50', 50".
  • the three bores have been shown in FIG. 2 to be located in a common plane through the axis of rotation, and it is convenient for a machinist to arrange them in this manner. Their circumferential distribution in the wall 48, however, is irrelevant to their function.
  • the number of knife edges 24 will be chosen to suit specific requirements, and laboratory size apparatus of the invention having four to twelve knife edges has been operated successfully. If equal portions of a body of liquid are to be separated from each other, the knife edges intersect the radial plane defined by the outer orifice of the bore 50 at equiangularly distributed points, as specifically illustrated, but other distributions of the knife edges may be chosen to suit specific tasks.
  • the apparatus of the invention is well suited as a component in a fully automatic analysis arrangement in which the discs may be turned by automatic controls in any desired sequence.
  • the illustrated supply pipe 58 precisely directs the liquid fed to the bowl toward the baffle 46 for even distribution over the inner face of the wall 48 so that liquid may be processed by a small bowl 36 at a high rate.
  • the amount of liquid retained in the pipe by surface tension is reduced to a minimum by the pointed lower end defined by the oblique end face 60.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US05/831,248 1976-11-30 1977-09-07 Apparatus for dividing a liquid into precisely defined aliquots Expired - Lifetime US4126043A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1502176A CH608294A5 (da) 1976-11-30 1976-11-30
CH15021/76 1976-11-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4126043A true US4126043A (en) 1978-11-21

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ID=4405636

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/831,248 Expired - Lifetime US4126043A (en) 1976-11-30 1977-09-07 Apparatus for dividing a liquid into precisely defined aliquots

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4126043A (da)
JP (1) JPS5650431Y2 (da)
CH (1) CH608294A5 (da)
DE (1) DE2743467C3 (da)
FR (1) FR2372578A7 (da)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4718288A (en) * 1984-05-04 1988-01-12 Leschonski K Method and an apparatus for splitting samples of powders and suspensions
US4771641A (en) * 1986-11-05 1988-09-20 Krupp Polysius Ag Sample divider
US4854182A (en) * 1988-01-27 1989-08-08 Ryan Will G Aliquoting of serial liquid samples
US4979402A (en) * 1988-01-27 1990-12-25 Ryan Will G Aliquoting of serial liquid samples
US5241867A (en) * 1987-07-10 1993-09-07 Bertin Et Cie Method and apparatus for apportioning a primary volume of fluid into a determined number of secondary volumes having a predefined mutual relationship
US20140014224A1 (en) * 2011-04-12 2014-01-16 Jürgen Vorwerk Method and filling machine for the open jet filling of bottles or similar containers
US11247890B2 (en) * 2018-12-18 2022-02-15 Krones Ag Contained holder for an open jet filler

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH694871A5 (de) * 2000-06-29 2005-08-15 Buerkle Gmbh Probenteiler.
WO2013032397A1 (en) * 2011-09-02 2013-03-07 Delaval Holding Ab A milk sampling device
AT521513B1 (de) * 2018-11-20 2020-02-15 Christian Hemmer Vorrichtung zur schnellen herstellung von schicht (layer) cocktails
CN111855300B (zh) * 2020-08-24 2022-06-07 合肥安能智控技术有限公司 基于污水处理的多存储空间污水采样装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1208373A (en) * 1916-10-13 1916-12-12 Clarence Edgar Rhodes Pulp-distributer.
US2837920A (en) * 1955-03-29 1958-06-10 Sinclair Res Lab Inc Sampling apparatus
US3098390A (en) * 1960-12-22 1963-07-23 Duval Sulphur And Potash Compa Sampling device
US3590642A (en) * 1969-02-14 1971-07-06 Kai Lennart Rost Automatic sampler for a flowing liquid and testing method
US3747622A (en) * 1971-01-20 1973-07-24 Reinhall Rolf Apparatus for dividing up a mass of small particles into part streams

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE65378C (de) * W. COLE, 4 South Street, Finsbury in London Centrifuge
DE651907C (de) * 1934-03-18 1937-10-22 Bergedorfer Eisenwerk Akt Ges Schleudertrommel mit einer Foerdervorrichtung zum stetigen Austragen des ausgeschiedenen Schlammes
GB928838A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-06-19 Hans Peter Olof Unger A device for measuring or separating of liquids
US3369742A (en) * 1965-11-30 1968-02-20 Carl W. Weiland Discharge valve for centrifuge

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1208373A (en) * 1916-10-13 1916-12-12 Clarence Edgar Rhodes Pulp-distributer.
US2837920A (en) * 1955-03-29 1958-06-10 Sinclair Res Lab Inc Sampling apparatus
US3098390A (en) * 1960-12-22 1963-07-23 Duval Sulphur And Potash Compa Sampling device
US3590642A (en) * 1969-02-14 1971-07-06 Kai Lennart Rost Automatic sampler for a flowing liquid and testing method
US3747622A (en) * 1971-01-20 1973-07-24 Reinhall Rolf Apparatus for dividing up a mass of small particles into part streams

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4718288A (en) * 1984-05-04 1988-01-12 Leschonski K Method and an apparatus for splitting samples of powders and suspensions
US4771641A (en) * 1986-11-05 1988-09-20 Krupp Polysius Ag Sample divider
US5241867A (en) * 1987-07-10 1993-09-07 Bertin Et Cie Method and apparatus for apportioning a primary volume of fluid into a determined number of secondary volumes having a predefined mutual relationship
US4854182A (en) * 1988-01-27 1989-08-08 Ryan Will G Aliquoting of serial liquid samples
US4979402A (en) * 1988-01-27 1990-12-25 Ryan Will G Aliquoting of serial liquid samples
US20140014224A1 (en) * 2011-04-12 2014-01-16 Jürgen Vorwerk Method and filling machine for the open jet filling of bottles or similar containers
US9365403B2 (en) * 2011-04-12 2016-06-14 Khs Gmbh Method and filling machine for the open jet filling of bottles or similar containers
US11247890B2 (en) * 2018-12-18 2022-02-15 Krones Ag Contained holder for an open jet filler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2372578A7 (fr) 1978-06-23
DE2743467A1 (de) 1978-06-01
CH608294A5 (da) 1978-12-29
JPS5376982U (da) 1978-06-27
DE2743467B2 (de) 1981-05-27
DE2743467C3 (de) 1982-02-18
JPS5650431Y2 (da) 1981-11-25

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AS Assignment

Owner name: METTLER-TOLEDO AG (METTLER-TOLEDO SA) (METTLER-TOL

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:METTLER INSTRUMENTE AG;REEL/FRAME:005612/0036

Effective date: 19900529

AS Assignment

Owner name: METTLER-TOLEDO GMBH, SWITZERLAND

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:METTLER-TOLEDO AG;REEL/FRAME:008574/0052

Effective date: 19970408