US4104207A - Process for production of cellular cavities in thermoplastic material in which the medium which forms the gas bubbles is bound to a carrier - Google Patents
Process for production of cellular cavities in thermoplastic material in which the medium which forms the gas bubbles is bound to a carrier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4104207A US4104207A US05/673,528 US67352876A US4104207A US 4104207 A US4104207 A US 4104207A US 67352876 A US67352876 A US 67352876A US 4104207 A US4104207 A US 4104207A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- carrier
- medium
- plastic
- plastic material
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001005836 Euchloe ausonia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000008299 Pinus lambertiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008289 Quercus suber Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016977 Quercus suber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQLDLKMNUJERMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L di(octadecanoyloxy)lead Chemical compound [Pb+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UQLDLKMNUJERMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003000 extruded plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead sulfate Chemical compound [PbH4+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009149 molecular binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/125—Water, e.g. hydrated salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/36—Feeding the material to be shaped
- B29C44/46—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length
- B29C44/50—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length using pressure difference, e.g. by extrusion or by spraying
Definitions
- the subject of the invention relates to a process for production of cell cavities in thermoplastic plastic materials and plastic molding compositions, a foamed plastic produced in this process, and its application.
- Foamed plastics are produced either by pressureless foaming (mechanically, or by means of foaming agents) or by the sudden expansion of gases, expanding agents or solvents, which at higher temperatures elicit an expanding pressure in the plastic or liquid plastic mass.
- the cells may be closed or open, i.e. they are interconnected.
- the manufacture of foamed plastics depending upon various considerations in various field of application, is brought about with quite different structural and material properties in the individual foamed plastics.
- One aspect, involving addition of expanding agents to the thermoplastic plastics consists in reduction of the amount of material that is used, by formation of cavities.
- This advantage is achieved by keeping the concentration of the medium that forms the cellular cavities by gasification in the carrier material, for example the lignocellulose-containing fibers, below the threshold at which these fibers begin to release their moisture to the ambient air.
- This threshold is determined by the vapor pressure of the atmosphere in question, and is adjustable in closed systems.
- compositions according to the invention may be undertaken with the same apparatus and tools with which thermoplastic materials otherwise charged in the usual way without cellular cavities are worked.
- the volumetric weight of the manufactured product can be influenced by a corresponding content of the aqueous medium that develops the cellular cavities by gasification.
- the strength coefficients can be differentiatingly set by the content, character and length of the lignocellulose-containing fibers that are to be worked in. Here it is important to distribute the fibers uniformly in the material. They orient themselves during the processing, for example during plasticizing in a screw, in the flow direction of the material, and improve the bending rupture strength or the compression strength of soft plastics.
- cellulose or lignocellulose containing fibers it may be advantageous -- instead of the cellulose or lignocellulose containing fibers -- to work in particles from the bark of the cork oak, or cork particles and bast fibers from the bark of those woods whose contents, in addition to colloidally bound water, support the expansion process and allow it to proceed in a differentiated way.
- the differentiatingly adjustable expansion process with such cork bark particles improves especially soft-adjusted plastic extrusion products, in their elasticity and compression strength.
- bark cork particles of this kind have a low reinforcing effect, it is advantageous to work in bark bast fibers particularly, into the composition. They have a balancing effect. In comparison to cellulose or shredded wood, these bark bast fibers have substantially higher strength coefficients. Bark cork and bark bast occur as waste products, in large quantities, in wood debarking for paper and pulp manufacture.
- the necessary filler content can be made optimal.
- Fiber reinforcements and fillers can lead in certain circumstances to structured surfaces with distinct longitudinal orientation.
- thermoplastic foamed plastic or foamed plastic molding composition with closed cellular cavities, characterized by a content, in the form of finely divided particles, of a carrier with poor thermal conductivity that can bind a gas bubble forming medium by capillary and/or molecular binding.
- foamed plastic is suitable for manufacture of shaped parts, shaped pieces, mats or webs, by extrusion.
- products can be manufactured with hard-adjusted or soft-adjusted plastics with various properties.
- Hard-adjusted shaped parts and plates as contrasted to those without cellular cavities, have less weight, less thermal conductivity and less sound propagation, and only very slightly reduced strength.
- pure foamed plastics prepared according to conventional processes they present substantially higher strength coefficients, so that they can be utilized for bearing structures, which is excluded as far as conventional foamed plastics are concerned.
- Soft-adjusted shaped parts, plates or webs according to the invention offer increased compression strength and variable properties of elasticity, which afford favorable values for the damping of the sound of foot-steps and for thermal insulation when they are used, for example, as floor covering.
- thermoplastic and related plastics may be used, especially extrudable plastics, e.g. polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrilonitrile butadiene styrene polymers or the like, whereby the plastic or plastic mixture may have added to it fillers, softeners, stabilizers, pigments, fireproofing agents etc in the known way.
- the added quantity of carrier material and of gas bubble forming agent therewith is exclusively dependent upon the desired volumentric weight, i.e. the proportion of cell cavities to total cross section and the desired strength coefficients.
- to 100 % by weight plastic compound 5 to 25% by weight carrier material, including the bubble forming agent, is added.
- the proportion of gas bubble forming agent is preferably 10 to 30 % by weight to 100% by weight carrier material.
- Polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrilobutadiene styrene polymers and mixtures of such plastics are used as extrudable plastics.
- Fillers, softeners, stabilizes, pigments, fireproofing agents etc are added to the individual thermoplastic materials.
- fillers are chalk, plaster, lime, slate dust, mica powder, pearl white, asbestos etc.
- Hydrophilic mineral fillers are especially kaolin and alumina.
- the proportion of filler material can be between 5 and 50% by weight calculated on the amount of thermoplastic material that is used. Preferably it should range between 10 and 30 % by weight. Hydrophilic mineral fillers and ordinary fillers may be added alone or as a mixture.
- the proportion of such materials should range between 5 and 25% by weight calculated on the plastic material.
- Carrier materials are preferably vegetable materials. Here rather large particles are involved, generally with a minimum diameter of 350 ⁇ and a length of 1 to 8 mm.
- the proportion of vegetable substance, including water and gas bubble forming material should be between 5 and 25% by weight calculated on the utilized plastic material, including all fillers and ancillary agents.
- the proportion of the gas bubble forming agent, i.e. water or aqueous dispersion, calculated on the carrier material, is 8 to 30% by weight to 100% by weight carrier material. Larger proportions of water or aqueous dispersions lead to irregular and unequal formation of cellular cavities.
- the mixture that forms the gas bubbles is advantageously water.
- dispersions that consist for example of water and oil, water and alcohol, water and essential oils, and mixtures of these.
- lignocellulose fibers e.g. pine wood fibers, containing 10 parts by weight water
- the extruded shaped parts had an average density of 0.8 grams per cc.
- they have a density that is about 30% less.
- the density of the extruded plastic molding composition without lignocellulose containing fibers and kaolin is about 1.14 gram per cc.
- the reduction of the density of the material per the invention is to be attributed to the corresponding reduction of the amount of plastic, PVC in the example, with simultaneous formation of cellular cavities.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2514691 | 1975-04-04 | ||
| DE2514691A DE2514691C3 (de) | 1975-04-04 | 1975-04-04 | Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Zellhohlräumen in thermoplastischen Kunststoffen oder Kunststofformmassen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US4104207A true US4104207A (en) | 1978-08-01 |
Family
ID=5943058
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/673,528 Expired - Lifetime US4104207A (en) | 1975-04-04 | 1976-04-05 | Process for production of cellular cavities in thermoplastic material in which the medium which forms the gas bubbles is bound to a carrier |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4104207A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS51123275A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2514691C3 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2306066A1 (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1058074B (enExample) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU650762B2 (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1994-06-30 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Process for extruding low density foam using water blowing agent |
| US5728406A (en) * | 1989-07-11 | 1998-03-17 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Apparatus for extruding a low density thermoplastic foam |
| US6110404A (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2000-08-29 | Ligon Brothers Manufacturing Company | Method of extruding thermoplastic elastomer foam using water as a blowing agent |
| WO2001000124A1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Personal care articles with reduced polymer fibers |
| EP1264673A3 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2003-07-09 | Hasegawa Tadashi | A method for production of foamed plastics |
| US20050171246A1 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2005-08-04 | Psi International Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming composite material and composite material therefrom |
| US7718251B2 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2010-05-18 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for manufacturing reinforced weatherstrip |
| US7883651B1 (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2011-02-08 | Lords Additives LLC | Lignoellulosic, borate filled, thermoplastic composites |
| US10329834B2 (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2019-06-25 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Low compression-force TPE weatherseals |
| WO2022074289A1 (en) | 2020-10-05 | 2022-04-14 | Aalto-Korkeakoulusäätiö Sr | Method and apparatus for producing solid foam, product and use |
| CN114775102A (zh) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-22 | 宁波杰出新材料有限公司 | 一种含气泡热塑性弹性体材料及其制备方法 |
| CN115505202A (zh) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-23 | 重庆普利特新材料有限公司 | 一种汽车内饰用自发泡天然纤维素纤维填充聚丙烯材料及其制备方法 |
| DE102024200357A1 (de) * | 2024-01-16 | 2025-07-17 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines geschäumten Kunststoffbauteils |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3138478A (en) * | 1960-07-18 | 1964-06-23 | Richardson Co | Method of encapsulating a particulate gas-evolving agent by polymerizing a monomer onto the surface of said agent |
| US3502754A (en) * | 1965-05-21 | 1970-03-24 | Owens Illinois Inc | Process of extruding a cellular polymeric composition |
| US3962157A (en) * | 1973-08-31 | 1976-06-08 | Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company Limited | Polypropylene composition modified with porous filler and a radical generating agent |
-
1975
- 1975-04-04 DE DE2514691A patent/DE2514691C3/de not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-04-02 IT IT48858/76A patent/IT1058074B/it active
- 1976-04-02 FR FR7609691A patent/FR2306066A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-04-05 JP JP51038121A patent/JPS51123275A/ja active Pending
- 1976-04-05 US US05/673,528 patent/US4104207A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3138478A (en) * | 1960-07-18 | 1964-06-23 | Richardson Co | Method of encapsulating a particulate gas-evolving agent by polymerizing a monomer onto the surface of said agent |
| US3502754A (en) * | 1965-05-21 | 1970-03-24 | Owens Illinois Inc | Process of extruding a cellular polymeric composition |
| US3962157A (en) * | 1973-08-31 | 1976-06-08 | Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company Limited | Polypropylene composition modified with porous filler and a radical generating agent |
Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5728406A (en) * | 1989-07-11 | 1998-03-17 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Apparatus for extruding a low density thermoplastic foam |
| US5607629A (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1997-03-04 | Amesbury Group Inc. | Process for extruding low density foam using water as a blowing agent |
| AU650762B2 (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1994-06-30 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Process for extruding low density foam using water blowing agent |
| US6110404A (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2000-08-29 | Ligon Brothers Manufacturing Company | Method of extruding thermoplastic elastomer foam using water as a blowing agent |
| US6398997B1 (en) | 1998-08-14 | 2002-06-04 | Ligon Brothers Manufacturing Company | Method of extruding thermoplastic elastomer foam using water as a blowing agent |
| GB2368073B (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2003-12-17 | Kimberly Clark Co | Personal care articles with reduced polymer fibers |
| WO2001000124A1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Personal care articles with reduced polymer fibers |
| GB2368073A (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2002-04-24 | Kimberly Clark Co | Personal care articles with reduced polymer fibres |
| US6642429B1 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2003-11-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Personal care articles with reduced polymer fibers |
| US20050171246A1 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2005-08-04 | Psi International Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming composite material and composite material therefrom |
| EP1264673A3 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2003-07-09 | Hasegawa Tadashi | A method for production of foamed plastics |
| US7883651B1 (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2011-02-08 | Lords Additives LLC | Lignoellulosic, borate filled, thermoplastic composites |
| US7718251B2 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2010-05-18 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for manufacturing reinforced weatherstrip |
| US9358716B2 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2016-06-07 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for manufacturing reinforced weatherstrip |
| US10265900B2 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2019-04-23 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Systems and methods for manufacturing reinforced weatherstrip |
| US10329834B2 (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2019-06-25 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Low compression-force TPE weatherseals |
| US10676985B2 (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2020-06-09 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Low compression-force TPE weatherseals |
| WO2022074289A1 (en) | 2020-10-05 | 2022-04-14 | Aalto-Korkeakoulusäätiö Sr | Method and apparatus for producing solid foam, product and use |
| CN114775102A (zh) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-22 | 宁波杰出新材料有限公司 | 一种含气泡热塑性弹性体材料及其制备方法 |
| CN115505202A (zh) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-23 | 重庆普利特新材料有限公司 | 一种汽车内饰用自发泡天然纤维素纤维填充聚丙烯材料及其制备方法 |
| DE102024200357A1 (de) * | 2024-01-16 | 2025-07-17 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines geschäumten Kunststoffbauteils |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2306066A1 (fr) | 1976-10-29 |
| JPS51123275A (en) | 1976-10-27 |
| FR2306066B3 (enExample) | 1978-12-22 |
| DE2514691A1 (de) | 1976-10-14 |
| DE2514691B2 (de) | 1977-10-06 |
| DE2514691C3 (de) | 1978-09-07 |
| IT1058074B (it) | 1982-04-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
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