US4094640A - Method for processing biomaterials - Google Patents
Method for processing biomaterials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4094640A US4094640A US05/764,541 US76454177A US4094640A US 4094640 A US4094640 A US 4094640A US 76454177 A US76454177 A US 76454177A US 4094640 A US4094640 A US 4094640A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sample
- biomaterial
- pressure vessel
- water
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019737 Animal fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003321 atomic absorption spectrophotometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni].[Mo] OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003969 polarography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/02—Food
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4044—Concentrating samples by chemical techniques; Digestion; Chemical decomposition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/02—Food
- G01N33/12—Meat; Fish
Definitions
- This invention relates to the processing of biomaterials in general and more particularly to an improved method for finding metal traces in a biomaterial.
- a moist sample of the biomaterial, particularly meat is pre-dried in a closed pressure vessel and subsequently burned in oxygen.
- no ash is produced which needs to be digested, but only gaseous and liquid products, the latter consisting of the condensate of the drying and combustion processes.
- this condensate all the traces to be determined are quantitatively present, quasi-dissolved in its own juice.
- the drying is continued to a residual moisture of 5 to 10%.
- Particularly good data could be obtained if 20 to 30 g of the biomaterial with a water content of 70 to 90% were used.
- the pre-drying usually takes place at 20 mbar and 110° C.
- the combustion is particularly favorable at an oxygen pressure of 30 to 40 bar.
- a 20 g sample of the biomaterial with a water content of 80% can be pre-dried in a closed pressure vessel at a pressure of about 20 mbar to a residual moisture of 5 to 10% in less than 30 minutes and subsequently be burned in oxygen at 30 to 40 bar.
- a spherical processing vessel such as a Berthelot calorimetric bomb with external cooling has been found particulary well suited.
- the water vapor produced in the drying of the biomaterial is preferably condensed to a large extent at the wall of the closed pressure vessel, which is cooled to about 10° C.
- the combustion is preferably accomplished by an ignition device.
- the metal traces can be determined from the process solution without the addition of chemicals. They can also be precipitated out by a complex former in a special precipitation and filtering apparatus. The precipitate can be presented by filtration on a diaphragm filter in a form suitable for the analysis.
- biomaterials in particular meat
- biomaterials in particular meat
- trace metals can be determined from the solution obtained, in which the unknown metals are present, by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis.
- the numerical results of blank tests obtained here are understandably very low.
- a closed vessel suitable for implementing the method according to the present invention is preferably vertically disposed.
- the processing vessel may consist of chromium-nickel-molybdenum steel and has a cooling device for its outer surface.
- the sample is dried in the processing vessel, for instance, by high frequency induction heating, but mainly by resistance heating.
- the shape of the heater is matched to the shape of the base area of the sample container.
- the ignition for burning the sample material is provided either by an incandescent wire of platinum or by means of a high voltage spark.
- a sample of 20 to 30 g of the biomaterial to be examined, with about 80% moisture can be comminuted, if desired, for homogenizing.
- the comminuted sample is placed into a processing vessel equipped with a removable lid and external cooling in a sample container of quartz and, while being heated, is dried in the closed vessel.
- the wall can be cooled during the drying.
- pure oxygen is admitted and caused to fill the vessel up to 40 bar pressure and subsequently, the combusion takes place.
- the trace elements, poisons and the like can be determined analytically from the removed process solution.
- traces of metallic poisons such as, in particular, mercury, cadmium, lead and arsenic, in biomaterials can be determined if they are present in the order of magnitude from 10 -4 to 10 -6 %. It is also suited for determining other elements by known analytical methods such as atomic absorption spectrophotometry, colorimetry or polarography.
- the drawing is a schematic longitudinal cross section of a processing vessel according to the present invention for biomaterial, particularly meat.
- the processing vessel 20 is equipped with a fast closing lid 1.
- the processing vessel is cooled by means of a cooling coil or a cooling jacket 10.
- An ignition wire 11 is also disposed in the vessel.
- a sample container 14 of quartz rests on a heater 13 by means of a mounting 12.
- the biomaterial 15 is covered with a filter paper 16.
- the solution, which collects at the bottom of the processing vessel after the method according to the present invention is carried out, is designated 17.
- Two electrical grounding points 18 and 19 for the heater and the incandescent wire are also shown.
- the collected process solution is placed together with the rinsing liquid in a 50 ml measuring flask and the latter is filled up with water to the 50 ml.
- the time required for the processing of a sample is about 10 to 15 minutes if two processing equipments are used alternatingly.
- the trace elements cadmium, mercury, arsenic and lead can easily be detected from the process solution.
- the sample container 14 To 5 g of animal or vegetable fat i.e. a biomaterial which is essentially water-free (containing no more than 1-2% water), in the sample container 14 about 1 ml of distilled water is added and the sample is covered with filter paper 16. 9 ml of distilled water are placed in the bottom part of the processing apparatus and the latter is closed. After the external cooling is started, the apparatus is evacuated to about 20 mbar and pre-drying is effected for a few minutes with the resistance heater 13 by evaporating the water in the sample container. The heater is then switched off and the biomaterial is burned in oxygen at about 40 bar. After the processing, the metal traces can be determined analytically in the solution in the bottom part of the processing equipment as in Examples 1 and 2.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2605560A DE2605560C3 (de) | 1976-02-12 | 1976-02-12 | Aufschlußverfahren für Biomaterialien |
DT2605560 | 1976-02-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4094640A true US4094640A (en) | 1978-06-13 |
Family
ID=5969707
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/764,541 Expired - Lifetime US4094640A (en) | 1976-02-12 | 1977-01-31 | Method for processing biomaterials |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4094640A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS5299881A (de) |
AT (1) | AT352084B (de) |
BE (1) | BE851348A (de) |
CH (1) | CH600323A5 (de) |
DE (1) | DE2605560C3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2341140A1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1533691A (de) |
IT (1) | IT1085206B (de) |
NL (1) | NL7613327A (de) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4192849A (en) * | 1977-11-28 | 1980-03-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Pressure digester |
US4879246A (en) * | 1986-11-03 | 1989-11-07 | Tessek Sdruzeni Praha | Method and device for mineralization of carbonaceous material |
EP1840561A3 (de) * | 2006-03-30 | 2008-12-03 | SII Nano Technology Inc. | Vorrichtung zur Analyse fluoreszenter Röntgenstrahlen |
US8252917B2 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2012-08-28 | Selexis S.A. | High efficiency gene transfer and expression in mammalian cells by a multiple transfection procedure of MAR sequences |
US20130134157A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-05-30 | Michael R. Knox | Single mode microwave device for producing exfoliated graphite |
CN105136790A (zh) * | 2015-09-03 | 2015-12-09 | 黑龙江大庄园肉业有限公司 | 一种牛肉汞含量的检测方法 |
RU2738166C1 (ru) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-12-09 | Федеральное бюджетное учреждение науки "Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения" Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (ФБУН "ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью | Способ измерений массовых концентраций мышьяка, кадмия, свинца, ртути в мясных и мясосодержащих продуктах методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3818697A1 (de) * | 1988-06-01 | 1989-12-07 | Jasper B V | Heizgeraet zum erhitzen von probenmaterial in probenbehaeltern |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1247998A (en) * | 1916-08-04 | 1917-11-27 | Samuel W Parr | Adiabatic calorimeter. |
US3485565A (en) * | 1967-05-16 | 1969-12-23 | Packard Instrument Co Inc | Combustion apparatus,particularly for preparation of samples for radioactive isotope tracer studies |
US3542121A (en) * | 1967-05-16 | 1970-11-24 | Packard Instrument Co Inc | Heat exchanging method for fluid material containing condensible vapor |
US3665761A (en) * | 1967-06-08 | 1972-05-30 | Univ Georgetown | Liquid vaporization calorimeter |
US3844716A (en) * | 1971-12-01 | 1974-10-29 | Nuclear Chicago Corp | Combustion method apparatus for preparing samples for liquid scintillation counting |
-
1976
- 1976-02-12 DE DE2605560A patent/DE2605560C3/de not_active Expired
- 1976-11-30 NL NL7613327A patent/NL7613327A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-12-07 CH CH1533676A patent/CH600323A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-16 AT AT930876A patent/AT352084B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1977
- 1977-01-31 US US05/764,541 patent/US4094640A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1977-02-09 JP JP1347577A patent/JPS5299881A/ja active Pending
- 1977-02-09 IT IT20089/77A patent/IT1085206B/it active
- 1977-02-11 BE BE174872A patent/BE851348A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-02-11 GB GB5918/77A patent/GB1533691A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-11 FR FR7703956A patent/FR2341140A1/fr active Granted
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1247998A (en) * | 1916-08-04 | 1917-11-27 | Samuel W Parr | Adiabatic calorimeter. |
US3485565A (en) * | 1967-05-16 | 1969-12-23 | Packard Instrument Co Inc | Combustion apparatus,particularly for preparation of samples for radioactive isotope tracer studies |
US3542121A (en) * | 1967-05-16 | 1970-11-24 | Packard Instrument Co Inc | Heat exchanging method for fluid material containing condensible vapor |
US3665761A (en) * | 1967-06-08 | 1972-05-30 | Univ Georgetown | Liquid vaporization calorimeter |
US3844716A (en) * | 1971-12-01 | 1974-10-29 | Nuclear Chicago Corp | Combustion method apparatus for preparing samples for liquid scintillation counting |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
B. Morsches et al, J. Anal. Chem., vol. 219, pp. 61-68, 1966. * |
C.E. Gleit et al, Anal. Chem., vol. 34, No. 11, pp. 1454-1457, Oct. 1962. * |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4192849A (en) * | 1977-11-28 | 1980-03-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Pressure digester |
US4879246A (en) * | 1986-11-03 | 1989-11-07 | Tessek Sdruzeni Praha | Method and device for mineralization of carbonaceous material |
US8252917B2 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2012-08-28 | Selexis S.A. | High efficiency gene transfer and expression in mammalian cells by a multiple transfection procedure of MAR sequences |
US9879297B2 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2018-01-30 | Selexis Sa | High efficiency gene transfer and expression in mammalian cells by amultiple transfection procedure of MAR sequences |
US10669562B2 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2020-06-02 | Selexis S.A. | High efficiency gene transfer and expression in mammalian cells by a multiple transfection procedure of MAR sequences |
EP1840561A3 (de) * | 2006-03-30 | 2008-12-03 | SII Nano Technology Inc. | Vorrichtung zur Analyse fluoreszenter Röntgenstrahlen |
US20130134157A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-05-30 | Michael R. Knox | Single mode microwave device for producing exfoliated graphite |
US20170240427A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2017-08-24 | Michael R. Knox | Single mode microwave device for producing exfoliated graphite |
US9763287B2 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2017-09-12 | Michael R. Knox | Single mode microwave device for producing exfoliated graphite |
CN105136790A (zh) * | 2015-09-03 | 2015-12-09 | 黑龙江大庄园肉业有限公司 | 一种牛肉汞含量的检测方法 |
CN105136790B (zh) * | 2015-09-03 | 2018-02-09 | 黑龙江大庄园肉业有限公司 | 一种牛肉汞含量的检测方法 |
RU2738166C1 (ru) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-12-09 | Федеральное бюджетное учреждение науки "Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения" Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (ФБУН "ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью | Способ измерений массовых концентраций мышьяка, кадмия, свинца, ртути в мясных и мясосодержащих продуктах методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2605560B2 (de) | 1979-01-04 |
FR2341140A1 (fr) | 1977-09-09 |
DE2605560C3 (de) | 1979-08-30 |
IT1085206B (it) | 1985-05-28 |
GB1533691A (en) | 1978-11-29 |
AT352084B (de) | 1979-08-27 |
JPS5299881A (en) | 1977-08-22 |
DE2605560A1 (de) | 1977-08-18 |
ATA930876A (de) | 1979-02-15 |
CH600323A5 (de) | 1978-06-15 |
BE851348A (fr) | 1977-05-31 |
FR2341140B1 (de) | 1981-07-10 |
NL7613327A (nl) | 1977-08-16 |
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