US405884A - Hydrocarbon-burner - Google Patents

Hydrocarbon-burner Download PDF

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US405884A
US405884A US405884DA US405884A US 405884 A US405884 A US 405884A US 405884D A US405884D A US 405884DA US 405884 A US405884 A US 405884A
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burner
retorts
pipe
oil
pan
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

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  • FIG. l is a perspective view of my improved hydrocarbon-burner.
  • Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation of the same.
  • Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view thereof, showing more especially the steam generator or retort.
  • Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view of the coupling connecting the two retort dischargepipes.
  • Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the oil-pan.
  • Fig. (i is an enlarged sectional view of the water-supply-regulating valve; and Fig. is also an enlarged view, in detail plan, of the oil-retort supply-pipe valve.
  • I employ two retorts B B', one for the water and the other for the hydrocarbon or oil, each being a separate and independent chamber in itself, but connected together, preferably as shown.
  • the connection between the two retorts is or may be effected by bolts a a, one applied at each end of the retorts and passing thrdugh the same, tubes or shelves a a', cast integrally with the retort-s, being provided within the latter to envelop the bolts and prevent leakage around the same where they pass through the sides of the retorts, as also to avoid the contents of the retorts affecting the bolts.
  • the retorts are held a suitable distance apart by means of asbestus or projections m, cast, it may be, one or more upon the opposite or inner side of each retort.
  • the retorts B B are provided upon their upper surfaces, at the rear ends, with vertical extensions or castings J J which are provided through screw-threaded elbows or coupling g', the pipes I I', one I being the steam-pipe and the other I the oil or hydrocarbon pipe.
  • the pipe I conneetswith the pipe I by means of a curved elbow 7L and a coupling fr'.
  • the coupling c' has upon its inside a deiieetor or guard n, cast therein so as to stand outward in the steam-passage, as also in alignment with the oil-passage, thus guarding the latter to prevent steam from entering it, .yet at the same time permitting of a union of the oil and steam, as indicated by the arrows, as seen in Fig. 4, and where commences theI superheating process.
  • the coupling i' has an arm fi', which connects with a pipe K, in turn connect-ing with the series of superheating-pipes O upon one side, extending back and forth and one above the other and carried above and across the retorts and connecting by a coupling j with a second series of superheating-pipes O, similarly arranged, but disposed upon the opposite side of the retorts.
  • These pipes are of course formed of sections coupled together by curved elbows g g.
  • the bottom section d of the latter series of pipes is connected by an elbow g and a coupling d With thc burner D, said elbow g rest-ing in a cavity o in one of ⁇ the plates of the pan L, which plates will be presently referred to.
  • the burner D has the usual j et-apertures l) l) where the'process of ignition takes place, producing a sheet of flame, and is disposed in the oil-pan L immediately centrally of the retorts, thus subjecting the latter to the action of the flame of the burner.
  • the burner D is connected to a pipe section or coupling c at one end to the rear end of the oil-pan L, while its opposite end beyond the coupling d has connection with the supply-pipe E, resting in and passing through the front end of the oil-pan, and having the valve F provided with an angular stem e.
  • This pipe E connects by a curved elbow and T-coupling with the oilsupply pipe E, also provided with a similar valve F where it connects with a pipe E', connecting with and supplying the oil-retort B with oil or hydrocarbon.
  • the pipe E leads from a suitable tank (not shown) containing the hydrocarbon or oil.
  • the pan L has at its sides horizontal plates LX, provided at their outer edges with anges L to prevent the with bores q, with which are connected burner slipping oft' the pan.
  • the plates LX of IOO the pan L are thickened at their outercorner edge, as at Z, to strengthen the same.
  • Gr is a water-supply pipe, which leads from a suitable tank (not'shown) containing water,
  • ber Hl is centrally disposed a hollow floatvalve H guided in its movement upon a stern or post N, screwed at its lower end into the bottom of the tank and received at its upper end into a tubular chamber ln. in said valve.
  • the upper end or top of the float or valve H the fact that when the water in the tank H which supplies the ret-ort feed-pipe G with water falls to a level never ⁇ below said pipe the float or valve H willv of course fall with it, and thus open the discharge outlet or nozzle t of the pipe G, and permit of the feeding of the' tank until the water has regained its former level, the float or valve rising therewith and again closing the nozzle or outlet;
  • the superheating pipes which convey the united vapors, are arranged on opposite sides of the retorts and over the cil or combustion pan, thereby economizing space and enabling said pipes to be heated by the combustion in said pan. Further, .the superheating-pipes bear on and are supported' by the pan, which is provided with side plates and fianges to accommodate the same and prevent displacement.
  • the operation is as follows: The fire is startedl by turning the valve F', which permits oil or hydrocarbon to enter pipe or burner D, and from the latter to flow through its apertures into the pan L, where it (the oil) is of superheating-pipes C C and in to the burner and through-its'jet-openings b b, where it issues vin the form of a continuous sheet of iame, thus exposing the retorts toa great or augmented heat.
  • this burner or heater has especial qualities to recommend its usein connection with.
  • railroad-trains since in the event of the overturning of the heater the water in the steam-boiler will rush through thej et-openings of the burner, and thus wholly extinguish the iire, and consequently prevent the cars from taking fire.
  • the parts of the improved burner are simple and readily connected.
  • the retorts are preferably semicylindrical in cross-section, and are disposed with their at or plane sides facin-g eachother, thereby presentingthe general appearance of a single cylindrical retort.
  • retort The advantage of this shape of retort is thatit is ⁇ l stronger, and is better adapted to withstand the great internal strain incident tothe vaporization of the water and hydrocarbon.
  • the flat or plane sides of the retorts are arranged close together, (they must be sufficiently separated to allow the heat to come in' contactwith the entire surface of both retorts,) and are held out of contact by the projections m m.
  • the retorts are bound iirmly together by the through-bolts on a, which pass through suitable integral casings, as de-- scribed. This construction causes the retorts to be almost, if not quite, as strong as a single cylindrical retort, space is economized, ⁇ and a .large amount of surface is exposed -to the heat.
  • a retort vaporizer and burner the combination, with the independent retorts for water and hydrocarbons and a burner arranged thereunder, of a single cntinuous superheating-pipe connected to both retorts and to the burner and doubled on itself back and forth on opposite sides of the retorts and over the burner, whereby it is heated by the combustion at the said burner, substantially ⁇ as specified.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Commercial Cooking Devices (AREA)

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets eeeeee 1.
'I'. E. HALL.
HYDROGARBON BURNER.
No. 408,884. PaJtentedJune 25, 1888.
(No Modem 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.
T. E. HALL.
HYDROGARBON BURNER.
No. 405,884. Patented June 25, 1889.
. :t i n t Lb `|!t G Lw lll i SU FH N Yen o) UN @nvm/dio@ Thomas EJ'QZL f9.2@ um... OJMQg//Lw @5% 5m 1 1;,
@MRM/Leone@ N. PUERa Phnmuilwsnpner. wwungmn. D. C.
(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.
T. E. HALL. HYDROGARBON BURNER.
No. 405,884. Patented June 25, 1889.
(g1/manto@ Thomas E. Hall www0/oom UNITED STATES THOMAS E. HALL, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.
HYDROCARBON-BURNER.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 405,884, dated June 25, 1889.
Application filed March 20, 1889. Serial No. 304,008. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, THOMAS E. HALL, of Kansas City, Jackson county, Missouri,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Retort Vaporizers and Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.
This invention relates to certain improvements in retort vaporizers and burners, having for their obj ect to promote the process of vaporizing and superheating the hydrocarbons and otherwise improve the operation of the burner; and to these ends the nature of the invention consists of the novel combination of parts and their construction, as will fully appear from the following description and accompanying illustration, in which- Figure l is a perspective view of my improved hydrocarbon-burner. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view thereof, showing more especially the steam generator or retort. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view of the coupling connecting the two retort dischargepipes. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the oil-pan. Fig. (i is an enlarged sectional view of the water-supply-regulating valve; and Fig. is also an enlarged view, in detail plan, of the oil-retort supply-pipe valve.
In the embodiment of my invention I employ two retorts B B', one for the water and the other for the hydrocarbon or oil, each being a separate and independent chamber in itself, but connected together, preferably as shown. The connection between the two retorts is or may be effected by bolts a a, one applied at each end of the retorts and passing thrdugh the same, tubes or shelves a a', cast integrally with the retort-s, being provided within the latter to envelop the bolts and prevent leakage around the same where they pass through the sides of the retorts, as also to avoid the contents of the retorts affecting the bolts. The retorts are held a suitable distance apart by means of asbestus or projections m, cast, it may be, one or more upon the opposite or inner side of each retort.
The retorts B B are provided upon their upper surfaces, at the rear ends, with vertical extensions or castings J J which are provided through screw-threaded elbows or coupling g', the pipes I I', one I being the steam-pipe and the other I the oil or hydrocarbon pipe. The pipe I conneetswith the pipe I by means of a curved elbow 7L and a coupling fr'. The coupling c' has upon its inside a deiieetor or guard n, cast therein so as to stand outward in the steam-passage, as also in alignment with the oil-passage, thus guarding the latter to prevent steam from entering it, .yet at the same time permitting of a union of the oil and steam, as indicated by the arrows, as seen in Fig. 4, and where commences theI superheating process. The coupling i' has an arm fi', which connects with a pipe K, in turn connect-ing with the series of superheating-pipes O upon one side, extending back and forth and one above the other and carried above and across the retorts and connecting by a coupling j with a second series of superheating-pipes O, similarly arranged, but disposed upon the opposite side of the retorts. These pipes are of course formed of sections coupled together by curved elbows g g. The bottom section d of the latter series of pipes is connected by an elbow g and a coupling d With thc burner D, said elbow g rest-ing in a cavity o in one of `the plates of the pan L, which plates will be presently referred to.
The burner D has the usual j et-apertures l) l) where the'process of ignition takes place, producing a sheet of flame, and is disposed in the oil-pan L immediately centrally of the retorts, thus subjecting the latter to the action of the flame of the burner. The burner D is connected to a pipe section or coupling c at one end to the rear end of the oil-pan L, while its opposite end beyond the coupling d has connection with the supply-pipe E, resting in and passing through the front end of the oil-pan, and having the valve F provided with an angular stem e. This pipe E connects by a curved elbow and T-coupling with the oilsupply pipe E, also provided with a similar valve F where it connects with a pipe E', connecting with and supplying the oil-retort B with oil or hydrocarbon. The pipe E leads from a suitable tank (not shown) containing the hydrocarbon or oil. The pan L has at its sides horizontal plates LX, provided at their outer edges with anges L to prevent the with bores q, with which are connected burner slipping oft' the pan. The plates LX of IOO the pan L are thickened at their outercorner edge, as at Z, to strengthen the same.
Gr is a water-supply pipe, which leads from a suitable tank (not'shown) containing water,
and connects with a supplementary tank or chamber H, connecting by a pipe G with the steam-generator B. Within the tank or cham, ber Hl is centrally disposed a hollow floatvalve H guided in its movement upon a stern or post N, screwed at its lower end into the bottom of the tank and received at its upper end into a tubular chamber ln. in said valve.
The upper end or top of the float or valve H the fact that when the water in the tank H which supplies the ret-ort feed-pipe G with water falls to a level never `below said pipe the float or valve H willv of course fall with it, and thus open the discharge outlet or nozzle t of the pipe G, and permit of the feeding of the' tank until the water has regained its former level, the float or valve rising therewith and again closing the nozzle or outlet;
The use of two separate and independent retorts is not, I am aware, broadly new. Neither is it new to combine the vapor of water with that of the hydrocarbon to intensify the heat;
' but in burners heretofore constructed it has been the practice to combine said vapors either at or near the point of combustion, whereas in my burner the vapors are united immediately after leaving their respective retorts, and are conducted through a long series of superheating-pipes, which are maintained at a high tempera-ture. vThis causes the vapors of the water and hydrocarbon to become intimately mingled and brought to the same temperature, which I have found to be very effective in producing an intense heat at the point where the combustion takes place. Further, the pipes which lead from the retorts to the burner-tube are entirely free and unobstructed, thereby offering no resistance which might lead to an explosion. Further, the superheating pipes, which convey the united vapors, are arranged on opposite sides of the retorts and over the cil or combustion pan, thereby economizing space and enabling said pipes to be heated by the combustion in said pan. Further, .the superheating-pipes bear on and are supported' by the pan, which is provided with side plates and fianges to accommodate the same and prevent displacement.
The operation is as follows: The fire is startedl by turning the valve F', which permits oil or hydrocarbon to enter pipe or burner D, and from the latter to flow through its apertures into the pan L, where it (the oil) is of superheating-pipes C C and in to the burner and through-its'jet-openings b b, where it issues vin the form of a continuous sheet of iame, thus exposing the retorts toa great or augmented heat. Y
It is also observed that this burner or heater has especial qualities to recommend its usein connection with. railroad-trains, since in the event of the overturning of the heater the water in the steam-boiler will rush through thej et-openings of the burner, and thus wholly extinguish the iire, and consequently prevent the cars from taking fire. Further, the parts of the improved burner are simple and readily connected. The retorts are preferably semicylindrical in cross-section, and are disposed with their at or plane sides facin-g eachother, thereby presentingthe general appearance of a single cylindrical retort. The advantage of this shape of retort is thatit is` l stronger, and is better adapted to withstand the great internal strain incident tothe vaporization of the water and hydrocarbon. The flat or plane sides of the retorts are arranged close together, (they must be sufficiently separated to allow the heat to come in' contactwith the entire surface of both retorts,) and are held out of contact by the projections m m. The retorts are bound iirmly together by the through-bolts on a, which pass through suitable integral casings, as de-- scribed. This construction causes the retorts to be almost, if not quite, as strong as a single cylindrical retort, space is economized,`and a .large amount of surface is exposed -to the heat.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1. In a retort vaporizer and burner, the combination, with the independent retorts for water and hydrocarbons and a burner arranged thereunder, of a single cntinuous superheating-pipe connected to both retorts and to the burner and doubled on itself back and forth on opposite sides of the retorts and over the burner, whereby it is heated by the combustion at the said burner, substantially` as specified.
2. In a retort vaporizer and burner, the combination, with a horizontal oil-pan having a burner located therein, of the independent retorts provided with water and'hydrocarbonsupply pipes and located centrally over said pan, and the single continuous superheatingpipe connected at one end to both retorts and IOO IIO
connecting` both retort-s With the burner, extending back and forth in a zigzag direction at opposite sides of the retorts and bearing` on and supported in said position by the anged side plates of the oil-pan, substantially as speeied.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in 2o presence of two witnesses.
THOMAS E. HALL.
Vitnesses:
F. G. FISCHER, A. A. HIGDON.
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