US4053181A - Seabed mining utilizing circulating current based on water level differences - Google Patents

Seabed mining utilizing circulating current based on water level differences Download PDF

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Publication number
US4053181A
US4053181A US05/729,734 US72973476A US4053181A US 4053181 A US4053181 A US 4053181A US 72973476 A US72973476 A US 72973476A US 4053181 A US4053181 A US 4053181A
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seawater
tank
cistern
coaxial
pipe
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Expired - Lifetime
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US05/729,734
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English (en)
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Nakaji Saito
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/8833—Floating installations
    • E02F3/885—Floating installations self propelled, e.g. ship
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
    • E02F7/04—Loading devices mounted on a dredger or an excavator hopper dredgers, also equipment for unloading the hopper
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/02—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears
    • E02F9/026—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears for moving on the underwater bottom
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C50/00—Obtaining minerals from underwater, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for sucking and extracting seabed mineral resources such as manganolite into a working ship floating on an ocean utilizing circulating current based on the difference of water levels.
  • Apparatus constructed as mentioned above can suck seawater containing mineral resources within the tank trawled along the sea bottom while stirring it in accordance with the movement of the working ship on the ocean into the external cistern mounted on the working ship through the coaxial inner pipe from the hopper mouth thereof by the action of the suction pump, then select only the desired mineral resources out of seawater sucked into the external cistern and extract into the working ship by said selection means, and thereafter bring only the remaining seawater back into the tank through the space defined by the outer wall of the coaxial inner pipe and the inner wall of the coaxial outer pipe utilizing the difference of levels between seawater within the external cistern and seawater on the ocean, thereby having the advantage of enabling mineral resources lying on the sea bottom to be sucked and extracted with the highest possible efficiency into the working ship through the coaxial pipe utilizing circulating current produced by the difference of the aforesaid seawater levels.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view of apparatus for sucking and extracting seabed mineral resources utilizing circulating current based on the difference of water levels in accordance with the invention
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 are enlarged top, side and cross sectional views of the tank shown in FIG. 1, respectively;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of the internal and external seawater cisterns shown in FIG. 1.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a working ship floating on an ocean 2 and traveling on the ocean 2 through the action of a screw propeller 3 mounted on the rear portion of the working ship 1.
  • a tank 10 of the hereinunder construction is adapted to be liftably sunk into the bottom 11 of sea through ropes 8 and 9 each having a large mechanical tensile strength and a good wearproof ability and wound on the corresponding winch 6 or 7 driven by the corresponding reversible motor 4 or 5 mounted on the ship 1.
  • the tank 10 is made of a hollow box shaped metal plate formed as a whole in a streamlined configuration, and having a large corrosion resistance and its bottom opened. Namely, the tank 10 comprises, as best shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a front plate 12, a back plate 13, an upper plate 14 joining between the upper ends of the front and back plates 13 and 12, and side plates 15 and 16 closing both sides of the front, back and upper plates 12, 13 and 14.
  • a tongue like shaped watertight member 17 such as rubber having a large water-pressure resistance and good brittleness is so projected with its lower end contacted with the sea bottom 11 downward from the lower ends of the front, back and side plates 12, 13, 15 and 16 as watertightly to isolate seawater within the tank 10 from seawater existing outside thereof.
  • the watertight member 17 has its upper portion secured through a stopper plate 18 to the lower inner (or outer) wall portion of each of the front, back and side plates 12, 13, 15 and 16 by means of bolts or screws 19.
  • a plurality of (in this example, five) shafts 21 are rotatably supported at a substantially equal interval across the intermediate lower wall portions of both side plates 15 and 16 of the tank 10, with their both ends which are projected outside of both side plates 15 and 16 and to which caterpillar wheels 20 are attached integrally therewith, the caterpillar wheels 20 having the same diameter and being free to rotate as hereinunder described along the sea bottom 11.
  • shafts 24 and 25 are rotatably supported across those front and rear lower wall portions of both side plates 15 and 16 which each have a slightly higher level than the aforesaid shafts 21, with their both ends which are projected outside of both side plates 15 and 16 and to which the foremost and rearmost caterpillar wheels 22 and 23 are fitted integrally therewith, the wheels 22 and 23 each having a slightly smaller diameter than that of each of the aforesaid wheels 21.
  • endless caterpillar belts 26 are wrapped over whole the corresponding caterpillar wheels 20, 22 and 23 situated at both outsides of both side plates 15 and 16.
  • a flexible agitation plumage 28 such as rubber is integrally attached on the peripheral wall of that intermediate portion of the foremost shaft 24 which is located within the tank 10, the agitation plumage 28 having a plurality of radially projected plumes 27 which act continuously to stir the sea bottom 11 when the tank 10 is trawled therealong as mentioned hereinafter.
  • a coaxial pipe 33 made of an appropriate flexible plastic material and comprising an inner pipe 31 and an outer pipe 32 which have fanwise hopper mouths 29 and 30 at their lower ends watertightly inserted through substantially the center of the upper plate 14 of the tank 10 thereinto.
  • an internal seawater cistern 34 having both ends opened and a fully larger diameter than the coaxial pipe 33 is formed by causing the predetermined bottom wall portion of the working ship 1 to be vertically projected by the prescribed height.
  • an external seawater cistern 36 containing seawater 35 and having both ends closed and substantially the same dimension as the internal cistern 34 is mounted on that upper portion of the ship 1 which is situated almost just over the internal cistern 34.
  • An air exhausting valve V is attached to the upper wall of the external cistern 36.
  • the external cistern 36 is arranged to be free to move along the aforesaid upper portion of the ship 1 by means of spaced rollers 38 fitted on its bottom plate 37.
  • the upper end of the coaxial pipe 33 having its lower end installed within the tank 10 through the upper plate 14 thereof is disposed coaxially within the external cistern 36 through the center of the internal cistern 34 and through watertightly the center of the bottom plate 37 of the external cistern 36.
  • the upper portion 32L of the coaxial outer pipe 32 is projected more upward by the given length than the upper end of the coaxial inner pipe 31 and formed to have an appropriately larger diameter than the remaining coaxial outer pipe portion.
  • a suction pump 41 such as a submerged motor pump having a plurality of drainage openings 40 is joined within the larger diametric coaxial outer pipe portion 32L to the upper end of the coaxial inner pipe 31 through a ring shaped petition plate 39.
  • a ring shaped inclined strainer 42 such as a wire gauze having a mesh of an appropriate size is arranged between that outer peripheral wall portion of the coaxial outer pipe 32 which has a lower level than the drainage openings 40 of the suction pump 41 and the corresponding inner peripheral wall portion of the external cistern 36.
  • a seabed mineral resource extracting guide pipe 44 as mentioned hereinafter is downward projected integrally with and from that lower wall portion of the external cistern 36 which faces the lower end of the inclined strainer 42 toward a seabed mineral resource gathering chamber 43 provided on the working ship 1.
  • a rotary valve 46 is so mounted within the gathering chamber 43 as to be rotated around its axis in the clockwise or counter-clockwise direction.
  • a plurality of seawater introducing holes 47 are perforated at a substantially equal interval in that peripheral wall portion of the coaxial outer pipe 32 which has a lower level than the strainer 42 within the external cistern 36.
  • a line pump 49 is joined through a guide pipe 48 to that side wall portion of the internal cistern 34 which has a lower level than that of the ocean 2 and joined through a guide pipe 50 to that side wall portion of the external cistern 36 which has a higher level than the inclined strainer 42.
  • reference numeral 51 denotes suspension rods provided on the four corners of the upper plate 14 of the tank 10, for the purpose of fixing each tip end of the ropes 8 and 9.
  • the operator causes the tank 10 with its bottom directed downward and its front plate 12 directed in the forward direction successively to sink toward the sea bottom 11 while unwinding the ropes 8 and 9 wound on the respective winches 6 and 7 by rotating the motors 4 and 5 in the predetermined direction.
  • the operator causes the working ship 1 to travel along the ocean 2 at a given speed in a desired direction as shown by an arrow 53 in FIG. 1 by driving again the screw propeller 3.
  • the tank 10 is trawled along the sea bottom 11 at the same speed as and in the same direction, as shown by an arrow 54 in FIG. 1 as the working ship 1, as the caterpillar belts 26 are continuously revoluted at the predetermined speed in the clockwise direction by the action of the caterpillar wheels 20, 22 and 23 through the ropes 8 and 9 when the working ship 1 moves as mentioned above.
  • the tank 10 is trawled along the sea bottom 11 while continuously stirring it by the agitation plumage 28 attached around the foremost shaft 24, and seawater 35 contained in the tank 10 is watertightly isolated from sea water of the outside thereof by the tongue like shaped watertight member 17. For this reason, the mineral resources 52 being gathered and lying on the sea bottom 11 are mixed in the seawater 35 within the tank 10 after being stirred as mentioned above.
  • the seawater which is sucked up within the external cistern 36 and in which the seabed mineral resources 52 is contained is then so jetted out of the drainage openings 40 of the suction pump 41 as to overflow from the upper end of the coaxial outer pipe 32, and thereafter dropped through the space defined by the outer peripheral wall of the coaxial outer pipe 32 and the opposite inner wall portion of the external cistern 36 on the inclined strainer 42.
  • the rotary valve 46 is driven, then only those of the seabed mineral resources 52 which have a larger size than that of the meshes of the inclined strainer 42 move therealong downward, and is then fallen and gathered into the gathering tank 43 mounted on the ship 1 from the guide pipe 44 through the rotary valve 46.
  • the operator previously causes the seawater 35 within the internal cistern 34 to be pumped up and filled in the external cistern 36 through the guide pipes 48 and 50 by driving the line pump 49, and causes seawater substantially equal amount to that pumped up into the external cistern 36 through the coaxial inner pipe 33 from the interior of the tank 10 by the suction pump 41 to be continuously pumped up from the internal cistern 34 into the external cistern 36 by the line pump 49, thereby enabling the seawater 35 out of which the seabed mineral resources 52 are selected by the strainer 42 to be brought, as shown by arrows in FIG.
  • the coaxial pipe 33 generally requires a considerable length as well as its required length differs with the depth from the surface of ocean 2 to the sea bottom 11. For this reason, it is desired that the coaxial pipe 33 is practically divided into a plurality of units each having an appropriate length, and desired to attach only the uppermost unit with the larger diametric portion 32L and the lowermost unit with the hopper mouths 29 and 30 to the external cistern 36 and the tank 10 respectively, and desired to cause the remaining intermediate coaxial pipe units 33 to be serially joined by the number required in accordance with the depth from the ocean surface 2 to the sea bottom 11.
  • Apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention enables, as clear from the above, the mineral resources 52 lying on the sea bottom 11 to be continuously sucked and extracted into the working ship 1 through the coaxial pipe 33 arranged to produce circulating seawater current between the external cistern 36 mounted on the ship 1 and the interior of the tank 10, by causing the tank 10 sunk liftably into the sea bottom 11 through the ropes 8 and 9 from the ship 1 to be trawled along the sea bottom 11 while agitating it in accordance with the movement of the ship 1 along the ocean 2.
  • apparatus of the invention has the advantage of enabling the seabed mineral resources 52 to be sucked and extracted with the highest possible efficiency into the working ship 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
US05/729,734 1976-01-20 1976-10-05 Seabed mining utilizing circulating current based on water level differences Expired - Lifetime US4053181A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP558376A JPS5288501A (en) 1976-01-20 1976-01-20 Device for pulling up submarine ore by circulating water due to level difference
JA51-5583 1976-01-20

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Cited By (47)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4140344A (en) * 1977-08-30 1979-02-20 Turville Claude M D M De Extraction of organic matter from marine sediment
US4141159A (en) * 1977-03-18 1979-02-27 Summa Corporation Method and apparatus for deep sea mining
FR2444127A1 (fr) * 1978-10-30 1980-07-11 Deepsea Ventures Inc Drague de ramassage de fragments de minerai sur les fonds marins associant un moyen mecanique rotatif et un effet hydrodynamique
US4217709A (en) * 1978-02-24 1980-08-19 The Research Corporation Of The University Of Hawaii Submarine sand sampler
US4257723A (en) * 1978-08-23 1981-03-24 Ihc Holland N.V. Device for sucking up solid materials or objects
US4280288A (en) * 1978-09-25 1981-07-28 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Modular draging unit for collecting solid bodies on an underwater bed
EP0047803A1 (en) * 1980-09-12 1982-03-24 Dosbouw v.o.f. Method of and suction dredging device for sucking up dredgings
US4391468A (en) * 1978-04-07 1983-07-05 Kamyr, Inc. Method and apparatus for recovering mineral nodules from the ocean floor
US4807373A (en) * 1987-05-08 1989-02-28 Sloan Pump Company, Inc. Loop circuit dredging apparatus
US4842336A (en) * 1986-12-08 1989-06-27 Rauma-Repola Oy Method and device for collecting objects from the seabed
US4854058A (en) * 1987-05-08 1989-08-08 Sloan Pump Company, Inc. Dredging apparatus having a diver-operated hand-held dredge head for quasi-closed loop system
GB2235482A (en) * 1989-08-29 1991-03-06 Kaisya Ikikaihatu Yugen Suction dredgers
US5603171A (en) * 1994-02-21 1997-02-18 Krupp Fordertechnik Gmbh Process and apparatus for suctioning off the solid material from waterbeds
US6017400A (en) * 1997-05-15 2000-01-25 Orange County Water District Method and system for cleaning a water basin floor
US6178670B1 (en) * 1996-01-06 2001-01-30 Rotech Holdings Limited Underwater mining apparatus
US6209965B1 (en) * 1998-07-20 2001-04-03 Sandia Corporation Marine clathrate mining and sediment separation
US6299256B1 (en) * 2000-05-15 2001-10-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Method and apparatus for recovering a gas from a gas hydrate located on the ocean floor
EP1270826A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-02 Toyo Denki Industrial Co., Ltd. Gravel-or-the-like removing device
US6550162B2 (en) 2000-03-23 2003-04-22 Robert E. Price Sediment removal system
KR100442972B1 (ko) * 2001-10-11 2004-08-04 한국해양연구원 수중 저면 오물 제거시스템
US20040159614A1 (en) * 2001-07-27 2004-08-19 Antti Happonen Method and apparatus for cleaning a water area
KR100455743B1 (ko) * 1999-07-27 2004-11-06 윤계용 하천의 퇴적물 채취선
FR2919015A1 (fr) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-23 Technip France Sa Dispositif d'extraction d'un materiau situe au fond d'une etendue d'eau et procede associe
US20090206041A1 (en) * 2008-02-18 2009-08-20 Van Rompay Boudewijn Gabriel Method for removing alluvial deposits from the bottom of a watery area
US20100175283A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2010-07-15 Paulo Pavan Submergible densification cell, sediment separator and sediment densification method
WO2010092145A1 (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Method for converting hydrates buried in the waterbottom into a marketable hydrocarbon composition
CN103216240A (zh) * 2013-04-27 2013-07-24 昆明冶金研究院 一种用于尾矿水力开采的设备及水力开采方法
CN103334756A (zh) * 2013-07-10 2013-10-02 湖南有色氟化学科技发展有限公司 一种尾矿回采装置及方法
CN103526795A (zh) * 2013-11-01 2014-01-22 郭丙庄 自行式水渠清淤船
US20140169989A1 (en) * 2011-08-09 2014-06-19 Modec, Inc. Bubble lift system and bubble lift method
ITMI20122211A1 (it) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-21 Decomar S P A Apparato e metodo di dragaggio per la rimozione di sedimenti da un fondale
US20140338232A1 (en) * 2011-10-26 2014-11-20 Ihc Engineering Business Limited Steerable underwater trenching apparatus
US20150008719A1 (en) * 2013-07-02 2015-01-08 Galen B. Merrell Prospecting Immersable for Gold or P.I.G.
CN105665118A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2016-06-15 上海交通大学 一种螺旋流吸矿选矿装置及其进行海水与矿物分离的方法
DK178723B1 (en) * 2008-07-02 2016-12-05 Marine Resources Explor Int B V A method of mining and processing seabed sediment
US9951496B2 (en) * 2011-03-18 2018-04-24 Susanne F. Vaughan Systems and methods for harvesting natural gas from underwater clathrate hydrate deposits
ES2684359A1 (es) * 2017-03-31 2018-10-02 Nodosa, S.L. Equipo sumergido de dragado autónomo
CN109281614A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-01-29 大连英蕴科技有限公司 一种船舶用海洋资源勘测装置及方法
US10202739B2 (en) * 2016-12-19 2019-02-12 Doris Mineral Resources Private Limited System and method thereof for off shore mining
US10392775B2 (en) * 2017-07-03 2019-08-27 Fort Lewis College Liquid pump with a passive filtration system for dredging and water filtration
CN110952608A (zh) * 2019-12-09 2020-04-03 王长波 一种具有搅拌功能的水利工程快速清淤装置
CN110966006A (zh) * 2019-11-20 2020-04-07 中国海洋大学 水力式海底多金属结核矿石采集机构及方法
CN111005727A (zh) * 2019-11-20 2020-04-14 中国海洋大学 水力与机械组合式海底采矿装备
US20220056664A1 (en) * 2018-09-14 2022-02-24 Boudewijn Gabriël Van Rompay Device for the removal of sludge and/or sand from the bottom of a wetland
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WO2023147180A1 (en) * 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Walker William Jeremy Floating filtering apparatus and dredging system therewith
DK202330369A1 (da) * 2022-07-14 2024-01-23 Olsen Petur Fangst med trawl på store dybder

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JP6938300B2 (ja) * 2017-09-15 2021-09-22 株式会社不動テトラ 海底鉱物取り込み装置、それを用いた揚鉱装置及び揚鉱方法
JP6570000B2 (ja) * 2018-01-09 2019-09-04 株式会社不動テトラ キャリア物質、これを用いる海底有価物質の揚鉱方法及び揚鉱装置

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US1461240A (en) * 1922-10-24 1923-07-10 Bert O Godfrey Dredge
US3260004A (en) * 1963-09-09 1966-07-12 Mobil Oil Corp Deep-sea mining method
US3620572A (en) * 1968-04-22 1971-11-16 Manfred G Krutein Sea mining vessel
US3693272A (en) * 1969-04-30 1972-09-26 Paul Gariel A floating tower for underwater dredging
US3753303A (en) * 1970-11-10 1973-08-21 Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag Apparatus for hydraulically raising ore and other materials
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Cited By (67)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4141159A (en) * 1977-03-18 1979-02-27 Summa Corporation Method and apparatus for deep sea mining
US4140344A (en) * 1977-08-30 1979-02-20 Turville Claude M D M De Extraction of organic matter from marine sediment
US4217709A (en) * 1978-02-24 1980-08-19 The Research Corporation Of The University Of Hawaii Submarine sand sampler
US4391468A (en) * 1978-04-07 1983-07-05 Kamyr, Inc. Method and apparatus for recovering mineral nodules from the ocean floor
US4257723A (en) * 1978-08-23 1981-03-24 Ihc Holland N.V. Device for sucking up solid materials or objects
US4280288A (en) * 1978-09-25 1981-07-28 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Modular draging unit for collecting solid bodies on an underwater bed
FR2444127A1 (fr) * 1978-10-30 1980-07-11 Deepsea Ventures Inc Drague de ramassage de fragments de minerai sur les fonds marins associant un moyen mecanique rotatif et un effet hydrodynamique
US4311342A (en) * 1978-10-30 1982-01-19 Deepsea Ventures, Inc. Dredge head with mechanical and pumping action
EP0047803A1 (en) * 1980-09-12 1982-03-24 Dosbouw v.o.f. Method of and suction dredging device for sucking up dredgings
US4842336A (en) * 1986-12-08 1989-06-27 Rauma-Repola Oy Method and device for collecting objects from the seabed
US4807373A (en) * 1987-05-08 1989-02-28 Sloan Pump Company, Inc. Loop circuit dredging apparatus
US4854058A (en) * 1987-05-08 1989-08-08 Sloan Pump Company, Inc. Dredging apparatus having a diver-operated hand-held dredge head for quasi-closed loop system
GB2235482B (en) * 1989-08-29 1993-11-03 Kaisya Ikikaihatu Yugen Method of and apparatus for preventing diffusion of muddy water in sand/gravel gathering equipment
US5129167A (en) * 1989-08-29 1992-07-14 Ikikaihatu Yugen Kaisya Method of and apparatus for preventing diffusion of muddy water in sand gathering equipment
GB2235482A (en) * 1989-08-29 1991-03-06 Kaisya Ikikaihatu Yugen Suction dredgers
US5603171A (en) * 1994-02-21 1997-02-18 Krupp Fordertechnik Gmbh Process and apparatus for suctioning off the solid material from waterbeds
US6178670B1 (en) * 1996-01-06 2001-01-30 Rotech Holdings Limited Underwater mining apparatus
US6017400A (en) * 1997-05-15 2000-01-25 Orange County Water District Method and system for cleaning a water basin floor
US6209965B1 (en) * 1998-07-20 2001-04-03 Sandia Corporation Marine clathrate mining and sediment separation
KR100455743B1 (ko) * 1999-07-27 2004-11-06 윤계용 하천의 퇴적물 채취선
US6550162B2 (en) 2000-03-23 2003-04-22 Robert E. Price Sediment removal system
US6299256B1 (en) * 2000-05-15 2001-10-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Method and apparatus for recovering a gas from a gas hydrate located on the ocean floor
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