US3926501A - Device for directing light to illuminating fiber optical system - Google Patents

Device for directing light to illuminating fiber optical system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3926501A
US3926501A US190132A US19013271A US3926501A US 3926501 A US3926501 A US 3926501A US 190132 A US190132 A US 190132A US 19013271 A US19013271 A US 19013271A US 3926501 A US3926501 A US 3926501A
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United States
Prior art keywords
light
optical system
fiber optical
revolution
face
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Expired - Lifetime
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US190132A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Hama
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Olympus Corp
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Olympus Optical Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4298—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers

Definitions

  • the axis of the ellipsoid of revolution is offset at an acute angle from the axis of the light receiving end portion of the fiber optical system passing at right angles substantially through the center of the end surface so that the light emitted from the fiber optical system to the center zone of the area illuminated is weakened while the intensity of light in the marginal zone of the area is increased thereby obtaining uniform illumination of the area.
  • An illuminating fiber optical system is very useful in illuminating an area adjacent to which it is difficult to provide a light source, and the fields of application of such an illuminating fiber optical system has been broadened.
  • a light source such as a xenon short-arc lamp has been usually utilized together with a reflecting mirror in the form of a surface of revolution such as a spheroid or an ellipsoid of revolution with the bright spot or point of the xenon short-arc lamp located in coincidence with one of the focal points ofthe ellipsoid of revolution nearer to the reflecting surface (referred to hereinafter as the first focal point) while the light incident end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system is positioned at the other of the focal points (referred to hereinafter as the second focal point) of the ellipsoid of revolution with the end surface being held substantially perpendicular to the axis of the ellipsoid of revolution, so that the image of the bright point of the xenon short-arc lamp is formed in the light incident end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system.
  • the light bundle incident to the end surface of the fiber optical system is very effectively and efficiently converged thereto so that it is very advantageous in that the quantity of the illuminating light is efficiently introduced into the light incident end surface having a very limited area.
  • the bright point of the light source has been located in an axis passing through substantially the center of the end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system perpendicular thereto, and, thus, the light bundle emitted from the fiber optical system converges in the central portion of the area illuminated by the light bundle thereby resulting in very low light quantity illuminating the annular marginal zone of the area illuminated. If the light quantity incident to the marginal annular zone of the area is made insufficient, the quality of the picture obtained by photography, particularly by color photography or appearing on color television is low.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a novel and useful device for efficiently directing light from a light source to an illuminating fiber optical system which avoids the above described disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the above object is achieved in accordance with the present invention by providing a device for directing light from a light source such as a xenon short-arc lamp to a light incident end surface of an illuminating fiber optical system by utilizing a reflecting mirror in the form of an ellipsoid of revolution with the bright spot or point of the light source being located in coincidence with the first focal point of the ellipsoid of revolution and with the second focal point thereof being located substantially at the center of the light incident end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system, the device being characterized in that the light source together with the first focal point of the ellipsoid of revolution is offset from an axis passing through substantially the center of the light incident end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system perpendicular thereto so that the intensity of light emanating from the light emitting end surface of the fiber optical system and incident to the marginal zone of the area illuminated by the illuminating fiber optical system is made high while the intensity of light incident to the central zone of the area is made low
  • a plurality of light sources may be provided together with their reflecting mirrors aside the axis passing through substantially the center of the light incident end surface of the fiber optical system around the same so that the intensity of light incident to the area to be illuminated is averaged also in the circumferential direction in the respective annular zones of the area.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing the prior art device for directing light from a light source to the light incident end surface of an illuminating fiber optical system
  • FIGS. 2 4 are diagrams showing respectively the characteristics of a mirror having a reflecting face in the form of an ellipsoid of revolution
  • FIG. 2 showing the relationship between the magnification of image m and the ratio k of the major diameter with respect to the minor diameter of the ellipsoid forming the reflecting mirror
  • FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the angle 0 formed by the axis of the ellipsoid in the direction opposite to the second focal point and the light path emanating from the light source and the above mentioned ratio k;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the ellipsoid of revolution, the ordinate of the solid line showing the intensity of light from the light source reflected by the ellipsoid of revolution and incident to the light incident end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system while the abscissa shows the above mentioned incident angle 6 the broken line showing the characteristic curve of the intensity of light emanating from the light emitting end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system with the weight being given in consideration of the light transmitting efficiency of the Illuminating fiber optical system shown in FIG. 6;
  • the first focal point F of the ellipsoid of revolution forming the reflecting mirror 1 is located in the axis passing through the center of the light incident end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system 2 perpendicular thereto while the second focal 'point F is located substantially at the center of the light incident end surface.
  • a light source 3 such as a xenon short-arc lamp is located with its bright spot or point in coincidence with the first focal point F,.
  • the diameter of the light source 3 being (1), the diameter of the light incident end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system 2 being (152, the light emanating angle formed between the light path emanating from the light source 3 and the axis 0 starting from the first focal point F in the direction remote from the second focal point F being 6,, while the light incident angle formed between the light path incident to the light incident end surface and the axis 0 is 6 then the magnification of the image of the light source 3 formed on the light incident end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system 2 is given by the following equation:
  • FIGS. 2 4 show the above relationships in various diagrams.
  • the ratio k is taken in the abscissa while the magnification m is represented by the ordinate.
  • the angle 0, being taken as the parameter for showing the relationship shown in equation l the curves a, b, c, d,
  • the ratio A" is represented in the abscissa, while the ordinate shows the incident angle 0 the angle 6, being taken as the parameter for showing the relationship represented by the equation (2), the
  • curves 0, b, c. d, e andj' being obtained by varying the parameter 6, to 40, 50, 60, and respectively.
  • the ratio k is represented by the abscissa while the ordinate represents the angle 0, so as to show the relationship shown by the inequality (3).
  • the hatched area beneath the curve g shows the domain in which the ellipsoid of revolution forming the reflecting mirror 1 can be practically manufactured.
  • the radiation angle characteristics of the light emitted from the lamp lies in the following range:
  • the ratio (Md) must be kept small in order for the illuminating fiber optical system to efficiently receive the illuminating light from the light source. Therefore, if the value of is set to a constant value, then it is necessary to make the value 4), large so as to satisfy the above mentioned condition, thereby requiring a large capacity of the light source.
  • the light incident angle characteristics I( 0 i.e., the light intensity received as the function of the angle 0 is represented by the following equations:
  • the curve indicated by the broken line in FIG. 5 shows the light emitting angle characteristics I( 0) of the illuminating fiber optical system 2, i.e., the light intensity emitted from the light emitting end surface of the fiber optical system as the function of the emitting angle 6.
  • the weight is given to this curve of the broken line in consideration of the light transmitting efficiency of the illuminating fiber optical system 2 shown in FIG. 6.
  • the light transmitting efficiency of the fiber optical system 2 shown in FIG. 6 is obtained by assuming that the light intensity incident to the light incident end surface of the fiber optical system is equal regardless of the variation in the light incident angle 0
  • the characteristics shown in H6. 6 are the highest obtained in the prior art, no better results can be obtained because of the various limitations in the practical manufacture of the fiber optical system already described.
  • the light intensity incident to the marginal annular zone of the area to be illuminated is made high while the intensity of light incident to the central zone is made low for averaging the brightness of the area illuminated by means of the device of the present invention as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the reflecting mirror 1' in the form of an ellipsoid of revolution is so located that the first focal point F, thereof is spaced from a line 0 passing through substantially the center of the light incident end surface of the illuminating fiber optical system 2 perpendicular thereto while the second focal point F is positioned substantially at the center of the light incident end surface.
  • an angle a being formed between the axis 0' of the ellipsoid of revolution and the line 0.
  • the light source 3' is a xenon short-arc lamp whose bright point or spot of greatest brightness coincides with the first focal point F,'.
  • the peak of the light intensity at 0 is rapidly reduced as the angle a is varied from 0 to about 20 while the intensity of light at about 0 to 30 is rapidly increased so as to average the light intensity over substantially the entire area to be illuminated.
  • the reduction in the light quantity at 0 O is compensated for by the increase in the light quantity in the marginal zone by using the reflecting mirror l'and the light source 3 located at an angle of 20 with re- 6 spect to the line 0 which is the axis of the fiber optical system 2, and it is ascertained that the light transmitting efficiency in the sense of the uniform illumination is made twice that obtained by the prior art device.
  • a plurality of light sources having small capacities may be arranged around the line 0 for obtaining more uniform illumination.
  • three lamps each having a capacity of only watts arranged around the line 0 with the angle a set to 20 can be used to obtain sufficient and uniform illumination in place of a single lamp having a capacity of 500 watts which is located on the line 0, i.e., when the angle a is set to 0.
  • the number thereof may be arbitrarily selected and the angle a may not be constant for each of the light sources but may be selected appropriately for the respective light source.
  • the angle a may not be constant for each of the light sources but may be selected appropriately for the respective light source.
  • An illuminiating device comprising:
  • a fiber optical system having a light receiving first end face, a light emitting second end face, and an axis perpendicular to said first end face substantially in the center of said first end face;
  • said mirror means having a reflecting face in the form of an ellipsoid of revolution about an axis of revolution and having two focal points spaced along said axis of revolution,
  • focal points substantially coinciding with said spot of greatest brightness and with said first end face respectively, whereby light of said source is emitted from said second end face for illuminating an adjacent area
  • said axis of revolution being inclined relative to said axis of said fiber optical system at an angle of inclination of approximately 20, whereby the distribution of light over said area is more uniform than at an angle of inclination smaller than 20 and the light transmitting efficiency of said system is greater than at an angle of inclination greater than 20.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
US190132A 1970-10-20 1971-10-18 Device for directing light to illuminating fiber optical system Expired - Lifetime US3926501A (en)

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JP45092291A JPS4939017B1 (de) 1970-10-20 1970-10-20

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JP (1) JPS4939017B1 (de)
DE (2) DE7139558U (de)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4106078A (en) * 1975-12-27 1978-08-08 Olympus Optical Company Limited Light source system
US4123172A (en) * 1976-09-07 1978-10-31 Sterndent Corporation Comparison type colorimeter
US4257672A (en) * 1978-12-28 1981-03-24 International Business Machines Corporation Optical coupler for connecting a light source to an optical transmission line
EP0082691A1 (de) * 1981-12-18 1983-06-29 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit einem Bündellichtleiter
EP0251623A2 (de) * 1986-07-01 1988-01-07 Cogent Light Technologies, Inc. Ausser-axiale Anordnung eines konkaven sphärischen Reflektors als Kondensor- und Sammeloptik
EP0339991A2 (de) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-02 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Verbessertes Lichtquellen-System mit Einrichtung zum Erzielen einer gleichmässigen Lichtverteilung
US4932747A (en) * 1989-09-07 1990-06-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Fiber bundle homogenizer and method utilizing same
DE3935762A1 (de) * 1989-10-27 1991-05-02 Pfaff Ag G M Leuchte fuer lichtleiter an naehmaschinen
US5321781A (en) * 1991-08-06 1994-06-14 Gec-Marconi Limited Optical fiber arrangement for uniformly illuminating a space region beyond a fiber end
FR2700211A1 (fr) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-08 Croix Verte Ste Civile Distributeur optique à fibres optiques et concentrateur de lumière pour l'alimentation d'un tel distributeur optique.
WO1995021392A1 (en) * 1994-02-01 1995-08-10 Cogent Light Technologies, Inc. Condensing and collecting optical system with axially displaced concave reflector
GB2286900A (en) * 1994-02-22 1995-08-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Laser optical transmission system and radiating method
FR2718825A1 (fr) * 1994-04-14 1995-10-20 Orth Francois Générateur de lumière à haut rendement pour fibres optiques.
US5467416A (en) * 1993-03-10 1995-11-14 D. Swarovski & Co. Light input reflector for optical-fiber systems
US5615938A (en) * 1992-02-14 1997-04-01 Lemke; Norbert Device for illuminating objects in particular those to be recorded with a video camera
GB2316187A (en) * 1994-02-22 1998-02-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Laser optical fibre transmission system with adjustable angle of incidence
US6125223A (en) * 1998-08-31 2000-09-26 Oriel Corporation Spectrally resolved light
US20060197421A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2006-09-07 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh Halogen incandescent lamp
CN103027655A (zh) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-10 富士胶片株式会社 内窥镜用照明光学系统及照明装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9308375U1 (de) * 1993-06-04 1994-10-13 Kampers, Michael, 41539 Dormagen Beleuchtungsvorrichtung
JP5930454B2 (ja) * 2011-10-25 2016-06-08 富士フイルム株式会社 光源装置

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419836A (en) * 1944-04-13 1947-04-29 Holbrook Mierofilming Service Document operated switch for photographic copying cameras
US3167612A (en) * 1961-06-01 1965-01-26 Litton Systems Inc Electro-optical scanning apparatus utilizing an optical transmission link
US3357423A (en) * 1965-03-26 1967-12-12 Iota Cam Corp Surgical light pipe and the like
US3437804A (en) * 1964-04-11 1969-04-08 Quarzlampen Gmbh Light transmitting device
US3455622A (en) * 1964-06-29 1969-07-15 George D Cooper Lighting device for transmitting visible radiant energies to inaccessible places
US3649811A (en) * 1969-07-24 1972-03-14 Western Electric Co Radiant energy soldering

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419836A (en) * 1944-04-13 1947-04-29 Holbrook Mierofilming Service Document operated switch for photographic copying cameras
US3167612A (en) * 1961-06-01 1965-01-26 Litton Systems Inc Electro-optical scanning apparatus utilizing an optical transmission link
US3437804A (en) * 1964-04-11 1969-04-08 Quarzlampen Gmbh Light transmitting device
US3455622A (en) * 1964-06-29 1969-07-15 George D Cooper Lighting device for transmitting visible radiant energies to inaccessible places
US3357423A (en) * 1965-03-26 1967-12-12 Iota Cam Corp Surgical light pipe and the like
US3649811A (en) * 1969-07-24 1972-03-14 Western Electric Co Radiant energy soldering

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4106078A (en) * 1975-12-27 1978-08-08 Olympus Optical Company Limited Light source system
US4123172A (en) * 1976-09-07 1978-10-31 Sterndent Corporation Comparison type colorimeter
US4257672A (en) * 1978-12-28 1981-03-24 International Business Machines Corporation Optical coupler for connecting a light source to an optical transmission line
EP0082691A1 (de) * 1981-12-18 1983-06-29 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit einem Bündellichtleiter
US4483585A (en) * 1981-12-18 1984-11-20 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Illuminating device having optical light guide formed as fibre bundle
EP0251623A2 (de) * 1986-07-01 1988-01-07 Cogent Light Technologies, Inc. Ausser-axiale Anordnung eines konkaven sphärischen Reflektors als Kondensor- und Sammeloptik
EP0251623A3 (en) * 1986-07-01 1988-04-20 Laser Media, Inc. Off-axis application of concave spherical reflectors as condensing and collecting optics
US4997259A (en) * 1988-04-28 1991-03-05 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Light source system with uniforming device for optical fiber type lightguide
EP0339991A2 (de) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-02 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Verbessertes Lichtquellen-System mit Einrichtung zum Erzielen einer gleichmässigen Lichtverteilung
EP0339991A3 (en) * 1988-04-28 1990-08-22 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Improved light source system with device to provide uniform light
US4932747A (en) * 1989-09-07 1990-06-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Fiber bundle homogenizer and method utilizing same
DE3935762A1 (de) * 1989-10-27 1991-05-02 Pfaff Ag G M Leuchte fuer lichtleiter an naehmaschinen
US5321781A (en) * 1991-08-06 1994-06-14 Gec-Marconi Limited Optical fiber arrangement for uniformly illuminating a space region beyond a fiber end
US5615938A (en) * 1992-02-14 1997-04-01 Lemke; Norbert Device for illuminating objects in particular those to be recorded with a video camera
FR2700211A1 (fr) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-08 Croix Verte Ste Civile Distributeur optique à fibres optiques et concentrateur de lumière pour l'alimentation d'un tel distributeur optique.
US5467416A (en) * 1993-03-10 1995-11-14 D. Swarovski & Co. Light input reflector for optical-fiber systems
WO1995021392A1 (en) * 1994-02-01 1995-08-10 Cogent Light Technologies, Inc. Condensing and collecting optical system with axially displaced concave reflector
US5509095A (en) * 1994-02-01 1996-04-16 Cogent Light Technologies, Inc. Condensing and collecting optical system with axially displaced concave reflector and optical fiber
GB2286900A (en) * 1994-02-22 1995-08-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Laser optical transmission system and radiating method
US5684642A (en) * 1994-02-22 1997-11-04 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Optical transmission system and light radiating method
GB2316187A (en) * 1994-02-22 1998-02-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Laser optical fibre transmission system with adjustable angle of incidence
GB2286900B (en) * 1994-02-22 1998-08-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Laser optical transmission system and radiating method
GB2316187B (en) * 1994-02-22 1998-08-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Laser optical transmission system and radiating method
FR2718825A1 (fr) * 1994-04-14 1995-10-20 Orth Francois Générateur de lumière à haut rendement pour fibres optiques.
US6125223A (en) * 1998-08-31 2000-09-26 Oriel Corporation Spectrally resolved light
US20060197421A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2006-09-07 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh Halogen incandescent lamp
CN103027655A (zh) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-10 富士胶片株式会社 内窥镜用照明光学系统及照明装置
CN103027655B (zh) * 2011-09-30 2015-12-02 富士胶片株式会社 内窥镜用照明光学系统及照明装置

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Publication number Publication date
DE2152086A1 (de) 1972-04-27
JPS4939017B1 (de) 1974-10-22
DE7139558U (de) 1976-01-22

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