US3924697A - Excavating tool - Google Patents

Excavating tool Download PDF

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Publication number
US3924697A
US3924697A US478503A US47850374A US3924697A US 3924697 A US3924697 A US 3924697A US 478503 A US478503 A US 478503A US 47850374 A US47850374 A US 47850374A US 3924697 A US3924697 A US 3924697A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bar element
bit
excavating tool
tool according
cutter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US478503A
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English (en)
Inventor
Michael A College
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kennametal Inc
Original Assignee
Kennametal Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kennametal Inc filed Critical Kennametal Inc
Priority to US478503A priority Critical patent/US3924697A/en
Priority to CA224,333A priority patent/CA1020152A/en
Priority to AU80209/75A priority patent/AU491805B2/en
Priority to DE2517329A priority patent/DE2517329C3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3924697A publication Critical patent/US3924697A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/64—Drill bits characterised by the whole or part thereof being insertable into or removable from the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT 9 Claims 4 Drawing Figures Prima ry Examiner-Frank L. Abbott Assistant Examiner-Richard E. Favreau Attorney, Agent, or FirmMelvin A. Crosby An excavating tool, especially for forming holes in earth formations for receiving pipes, and in which the excavating tool includes, at the working end, a tiltable member so that, after a pipe receiving hole is formed, a pipe can be introduced into the hole and through the opening provided by the tiltable portion on the bit thereby permitting the bit to be retrieved.
  • 1757 2 isIE 7Q, 404, 382,
  • the forming of holes in earth formations for receiving pipes is a well known work procedure that is generally carried out by utilizing a tubular drill string having a bit on the outer end. The bit and drill string are rotated and advanced into the formation and a hole is thereby formed in the formation.
  • the bit is not retrievable but is, instead, disengaged from the drill string by rotating the drill string in the reverse direction.
  • the bit in such a case is left in the hole and the pipe is inserted, usually, through the drill string before the drill string is retracted from the hole.
  • a bit structure is provided adapted for being threaded on the end of a drill string, or for being welded or otherwise affixed to the end of a drill string or to a short piece of drill pipe.
  • the bit is provided with cutters mounted thereon which determine the size of the hole to be formed. The cutters protrude radially outwardly slightly from the envelope of the drill pipe and, thus, permit the drill pipe to follow readily into the hole being formed as the bits reduce the formation.
  • the bit comprises a central hole through which flushing liquid, water, for example, can pass to the bit and through which a pipe to be introduced into the formed hole can be fed after the hole is completely formed.
  • the bit includes a bar portion extending transversely across the central opening or hole in the bit structure and which bar portion is pivotally connected to the outer part of the bit structure at one end of the bar portion.
  • the bar portion includes at least a centrally disposed pilot cutter and may include other cutters radially outwardly from the pilot cutter.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of one form which the invention can take.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the FIG. 1 modification with the circumferential cutters shown on the bit structure.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view similar to FIG. 2 but shows a bit structure for forming a relatively large hole.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of the modification of FIG. 3 and partly broken away to show the construction thereof.
  • the bit body is advantageously formed from the rear so that it can be seated on a pipe 16 and welded thereto as by welding 18.
  • Pipe 16 may be furnished with the bit, or it may comprise a length of drill pipe and is threaded at the end opposite bit body 10 by threads 20 for connection thereof to another length of drill pipe.
  • Bit body 10 has a plurality of support blocks 22 distributed thereabout, and in each block, there is rotatably mounted a pick type cutter 24.
  • the cutters 24 are of a known type as are the blocks 22 and are inclined on the bit body at various angles so as to reduce a substantial radial portion of a formation to which the bit is rotatably presented and including that part of the formation lying radially outside the envelope of the bit body and the drill string.
  • the bits and blocks have not been shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity but the location and angular disposition thereof will be clear from FIG. 2.
  • a particular feature of the bit according to the present invention resides in the bar 26 extending diametrally across central opening 12 of the bit body and tiltably connected to the bit body at one end 'as by pin 28.
  • Bar 26 in the center thereof includes a pilot cutter element 30 and which may consist, for example, of a transversely extending blade formed of a hard wear resistant material such as cemented tungsten carbide.
  • the rotatable cutter bits 24 and the central pilot cutter 30 reduce the formation and the resulting debris can be removed from the hole by forcing flushing fluid such as water through the drill string and bit and withdrawing the debris along the outside of the drill string.
  • a pipe 32 which it is desired to place in the hole can be introduced axially through the drill string and, at that time, the central transverse bar 26 will tilt upwardly, as shown in dotted outline in FIG. 1, and permit the pipe to pass through the bit while, more importantly, permitting the bit, together with the drill string, to be withdrawn from the hole leaving pipe 32 in the hole.
  • the bit arrangement shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 comprises an annular member 40 forming the bit body and distributed about annular member 40 is a plurality of blocks 42 each having rotatably mounted therein a pick type cutter element 44.
  • the blocks and cutters are shown in particular in developed form in FIG. 4 and illustrate that the radial range of the cutters is such as to reduce the formation into which the bit is moved to permit clear passage for the bit body and, therefore, for the drill string to which the bit body is connected.
  • Central bar 48 is pivotally connected by a pin 54 to the bit body so that the bar 48 can tilt upwardly from its working position and thereby permit a pipe to be introduced directly through the bit before the bit and drill string are withdrawn from the hole.
  • the bit body of FIGS. 1 and 2 has the axially extending diametrally opposed notches 60 and 62 to receive the ends of bar 26 while the bit body of FIGS. 3 and 4 has the notches 64 and 66 for the same purpose.
  • the notches are effective for transmitting torque from the bit body to the respective bar' while the notch at the free end of the bar also provides an abutment region to bolt the bar in the proper diametral position during a hole forming operation.
  • annular bit body having a central opening therethrough, an end portion extending from one end of said body smaller in diameter than the bit body and adapted for coaxial extension inside a tubular member to be fixedly held there for rotation on a central axis, the central opening in said end portion flaring out toward the free end thereof, cutters mounted on and protruding axially from one axial end of said body for reducing a formation into which the tool is advanced while rotating, a bar element extending transversely on said one end of said body, pivot means pivotally connecting one end of said bar element to said body and cooperating elements of abutment means on the other end of said bar element and said body, said abutment means supporting said bar element during excavating operations and said pivot means permitting outward pivotal movement of the bar element to expose said central opening, and cutter means on said bar element for reducing the formation radially inwardly from said cutters on said one end of said body.
  • An excavating tool according to claim 1 in which said cutter means on said bar element includes a spadetype cutter on the center of the bar element.
  • An excavating tool according to claim 1 which includes means on the other side of said bit body for threaded connection thereof to a tubular drill string.
  • An excavating tool which includes a tubular member telescopically fitted over said extending end portion and coaxial therewith, said tubular member abutting the bit body at the base of said extending end portion.
  • bit body includes diametrally opposed axially extending radial notches in which the opposite ends of said bar element are disposed and operable for transmitting torque from the bit body to said bar element.
  • said cutter means on said bar element includes cutter elements mounted on the bar element radially inwardly from the inner limits of said annular body and all thereof tilted on the bar element in the same circumferential direction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US478503A 1974-06-12 1974-06-12 Excavating tool Expired - Lifetime US3924697A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US478503A US3924697A (en) 1974-06-12 1974-06-12 Excavating tool
CA224,333A CA1020152A (en) 1974-06-12 1975-04-10 Excavating tool
AU80209/75A AU491805B2 (en) 1975-04-16 Excavating tool
DE2517329A DE2517329C3 (de) 1974-06-12 1975-04-18 Bohrkrone mit einem ringförmigen Tragkörper

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US478503A US3924697A (en) 1974-06-12 1974-06-12 Excavating tool

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3924697A true US3924697A (en) 1975-12-09

Family

ID=23900215

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US478503A Expired - Lifetime US3924697A (en) 1974-06-12 1974-06-12 Excavating tool

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3924697A (de)
CA (1) CA1020152A (de)
DE (1) DE2517329C3 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4917196A (en) * 1989-08-15 1990-04-17 Kennametal Inc. Excavating tooth for an earth auger
US5067262A (en) * 1990-08-03 1991-11-26 Kennametal Inc. Digging tooth
US5086852A (en) * 1990-08-27 1992-02-11 Wada Ventures Fluid flow control system for operating a down-hole tool
US5143163A (en) * 1991-08-29 1992-09-01 Kennametal Inc. Digging tooth
US5366031A (en) * 1993-05-03 1994-11-22 Pengo Corporation Auger head assembly and method of drilling hard earth formations
US5507357A (en) * 1994-02-04 1996-04-16 Foremost Industries, Inc. Pilot bit for use in auger bit assembly
CN102561952A (zh) * 2011-11-28 2012-07-11 中煤科工集团重庆研究院 大通孔开闭式全方位钻进钻头及其筛管下放方法
CN102877791A (zh) * 2012-10-17 2013-01-16 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 钻头及钻孔装置
CN103912221A (zh) * 2014-04-22 2014-07-09 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种护管钻头及其在岩土定深静力触探中的应用

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19938646C2 (de) * 1999-08-16 2003-03-06 Heinz-Ludwig Haub Rotationsbohrkopf

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3074703A (en) * 1960-02-24 1963-01-22 Salem Tool Co Lump producing head for coal augering
US3092190A (en) * 1960-04-04 1963-06-04 Gruere Charles Large diameter earth drill
US3136376A (en) * 1961-05-12 1964-06-09 Eli I Robinsky Cutter head for hollow stem auger
US3170526A (en) * 1962-09-13 1965-02-23 Willie L Chanvin Drill bit
US3388949A (en) * 1965-12-22 1968-06-18 Salem Tool Co Mining machine head
US3650565A (en) * 1970-05-04 1972-03-21 Kennametal Inc Pick type mining bit and support block therefor
US3734214A (en) * 1971-09-24 1973-05-22 Pengo Corp Head for horizontal boring

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3074703A (en) * 1960-02-24 1963-01-22 Salem Tool Co Lump producing head for coal augering
US3092190A (en) * 1960-04-04 1963-06-04 Gruere Charles Large diameter earth drill
US3136376A (en) * 1961-05-12 1964-06-09 Eli I Robinsky Cutter head for hollow stem auger
US3170526A (en) * 1962-09-13 1965-02-23 Willie L Chanvin Drill bit
US3388949A (en) * 1965-12-22 1968-06-18 Salem Tool Co Mining machine head
US3650565A (en) * 1970-05-04 1972-03-21 Kennametal Inc Pick type mining bit and support block therefor
US3734214A (en) * 1971-09-24 1973-05-22 Pengo Corp Head for horizontal boring

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4917196A (en) * 1989-08-15 1990-04-17 Kennametal Inc. Excavating tooth for an earth auger
WO1991002882A1 (en) * 1989-08-15 1991-03-07 Kennametal Inc. An excavating tooth for an earth auger
US5067262A (en) * 1990-08-03 1991-11-26 Kennametal Inc. Digging tooth
US5086852A (en) * 1990-08-27 1992-02-11 Wada Ventures Fluid flow control system for operating a down-hole tool
US5143163A (en) * 1991-08-29 1992-09-01 Kennametal Inc. Digging tooth
US5366031A (en) * 1993-05-03 1994-11-22 Pengo Corporation Auger head assembly and method of drilling hard earth formations
US5427191A (en) * 1993-05-03 1995-06-27 Pengo Corporation Auger head assembly and method of drilling hard earth formations
US5507357A (en) * 1994-02-04 1996-04-16 Foremost Industries, Inc. Pilot bit for use in auger bit assembly
CN102561952A (zh) * 2011-11-28 2012-07-11 中煤科工集团重庆研究院 大通孔开闭式全方位钻进钻头及其筛管下放方法
CN102877791A (zh) * 2012-10-17 2013-01-16 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 钻头及钻孔装置
CN103912221A (zh) * 2014-04-22 2014-07-09 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种护管钻头及其在岩土定深静力触探中的应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2517329C3 (de) 1980-01-17
CA1020152A (en) 1977-11-01
DE2517329B2 (de) 1977-07-21
DE2517329A1 (de) 1975-12-18
AU8020975A (en) 1976-10-21

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