US3918374A - Method for the disposal of garbage by multi-stage thermal decomposition - Google Patents

Method for the disposal of garbage by multi-stage thermal decomposition Download PDF

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Publication number
US3918374A
US3918374A US538123A US53812375A US3918374A US 3918374 A US3918374 A US 3918374A US 538123 A US538123 A US 538123A US 53812375 A US53812375 A US 53812375A US 3918374 A US3918374 A US 3918374A
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garbage
thermal decomposition
incinerator
stage
generated gas
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US538123A
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Minoru Yamamoto
Sho Matsumi
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JFE Engineering Corp
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Nippon Kokan Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage

Definitions

  • the whole quantity of said generated gas is introduced into a second incinerator.
  • Garbage is charged into said second incinerator in a quantity about four times that of the garbage charged into said first incinerator, and the Whole quantity of said generated gas introduced from said first incinerator is burnt with pure oxygen supplied in an amount corresponding to the theoretical quantity of oxygen necessary for this combustion.
  • the garbage charged into said second incinerator is thermally decomposed by the resulting combustion heat to obtain generated gas with high calorific value in a quantity about four times that of the generated gas obtained in said first incinerator.
  • the number of incinerators is increased when necessary, and thermal decomposition of garbage is carried out in additional incinerator(s) in the same manner as in said second incinerator, whereby the quantity of disposed garbage and the quantity of generated gas are increased in the geometrical series.
  • Generated gas obtained from the final incinerator is externally used as a heat source, but part of said product gas is fed back as a heat source necessary for said incinerators 4 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure US. Patent Nov.
  • This invention relates to a method for the disposal of garbage by multi-stage thermal decomposition which uses garbage as a heat source effectively and causes no environmental pollution.
  • Garbage and waste produced in communities must be disposed in some ways. Especially, the disposal of various kinds of garbage and waste in large quantities in large cities is one of the important administrative problems.
  • the principal object of this invention is to provide a method for the disposal of garbagge by multi-stage thermal decomposition by improving the conventional method for the disposal of garbage by thermal decomposition.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a method for the disposal of garbage by multi-stage thermal decomposition which does not substantially use air and produces minimum combustion gas.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method for the disposal of garbage by multi-stage thermal decomposition which has a high thermal efficiency and is econominal.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide a method for the disposal of garbage by multi-stage thermal decomposition which causes no environmental pollution.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a method for the disposal of garbage by multi-stage thermal decomposition which can be carried out on a relatively narrow site.
  • This invention is characterized by: thermally decomposing garbage at the first stage by external heat requiring no oxygen an thermally docmposing garbage at the second and following stages by combustion heat, said combustion heat being generated by combustion of the whole quantity of generated gas obtained by thermal decompositon of garbage at the stage directly before the relevant stage with pure oxygen supplied in an amount corresponding to the theoretical quantity of oxygen necessary for this combustion. Accordingly, in thermal decomposition of garbage at all stages, use of air is substantially avoided and combustion of garbage does not substantially occur.
  • thermal decomposition of garbage iscarried out at several stages and the quantity of garbage to be thermally decomposed is increased in the geometrical series; that is, said quantity is larger in the second stage than in the first, larger in the third stage than in the second, and so forth.
  • generated gas with high calorific value which is not diluted with combustion gas is obtained by using external heat requiring no oxygen, e.g., electric heat such as plasma jet heat, are heat and resistance heat and such as plasma jet heat, are heat and resistance heat and solar heat, as a heat source for thermal decomposition.
  • the whole quantity of generated gas obtained by the thermal decomposition of garbage at the first stage is used as a heat source for thermal decomposition and pure oxygen is supplied in an amount corresponding to the theoretical quantity of oxygen necessary for the combustion of said generated gas, whereby the amount of combustion gas produced is minimized and, at the same time dilution of generated gas obtained by the thermal decomposition of garbage at the second stage with combustion gas is reduced to a minimum extent.
  • the quantity of garbage that can be disposed is increased in the geometrical series by increasing the number of the same stages of thhermal decomposition of garbage at the second stage.
  • the quantity of generated gas obtained by thermal decomposition of 1 kg of garbage is calculated to be about 0.4 kg by Eq. l and the calorific value possessed by said genereated gas is calculated to be about four times the calorific value required for thermal decomposition by Eq. (2).
  • Eq. (3) about 80% of the lower calorific value of garbage becomes the calorific value of generated gas and the remaining about remains in slag formed by thermal decomposition of garbage as fixed carbon, etc.
  • the total calorific value of the heat source for thermal decomposition at the second stage is about four times the total calorific value of the heat source for thermal decomposition at the first stage. More specifically, if the total calorific value of external heat used as a heat source for thermal decomposition at the first stage is expressed by E kcal, the total calorific value of generated gas obtained by the thermal decomposition at the first stage is expressed by Q kcal, and the total calorific value of the heat source for thermal decomposition at the second stage is expressed by E the following equations hold according to Eq. (2):
  • the quantity of garbage that can be disposed by the thermal decomposition at the secocnd stage is about four times the quantity of garbage thermally decomposed at the first stage.
  • the thermal decomposition at the second stage yield generated gas having a total calorific value about 16 times that of the heat source for thermal decomposition at the first stage; that is, if the total calorific value of generated gas obtained by the thermal decomposition at the second stage is expressed by Q2, the following equation holds according to Eqs. (3 and (5 In order to use generated gas obtained by the thermal decomposition at the first stage as a heat source for thermal decomposition at the second stage, said generated gas is burnt, at the second stage, with pure oxygen supplied.
  • Combustion gas produced by this combustion is mixed with generated gas obtained by the thermal decomposition at the second stage. It is necessary, however, to prevent said generated gas from being diluted by said combustion gas to the greatest possible extent.
  • the quantitty of said pure oxygen is limited to the theoretical quantity of oxygen necessary for combustion of said generated gas, thereby causing only said generated gas to be burnt. Accordingly, oxidation, i.e., combustion of garbage does not occur also at the second stage.
  • Said theoretical quantity of oxygen is calculated to be about 1.7 kg per kg of generated gas by Eq. (4).
  • the quantity of garbage that can be disposed by the thermal decomposition at the third stage is about four times the quantity of garbage disposed at the second stage, or about 16 times the quantity of garbage disposed at the first stage.
  • the thermal decomposition at the third stage yields generated gas having a total calorific value about 16 times that of the heat source for the thermal decomposition at the second stage, or 64 times that of the heat source for the thermal decomposition at the first stage.
  • Stage of thermal decomposition 3rd stage 2nd stage stage stage ltcm 6 erator l in order to prevent generated gas obtained in the first incinerator 1 from beingdiluted by combustion gas, etc.
  • a plasma torch 3 is provided in the first incinerator l as an electr-ic heating element.
  • Garbage 2 charged into the first incinerator lby taking off a cover 1 of said first incin erator 1 is thermally decomposed by intense heat gen- Relativc ratio of the quan tity of garbage disposed by thermal decomposition at I l 4 the respective stages 5 Relative ratio of the total calorific value of heat source for thermal decomposition at the respective i stages Relative ratio of the total calorific value of generated gas at the respective stages Relative ratio of the total quantity oi generated gas at the respective stages Relative ratio of the theoretical quantity of oxygen required at the respective stages quantity of combustion gas at the respective stages tive stages composition at the first stage.
  • a plant comprising'three incinerators with a capacity for disposing garbage by thermal decomposition as mentioned below: v
  • External heat requiring no oxygen e.g., electric heat such as plasma jet heat, are heat and resistance heat and solar heat, is preferably used as a heat source for the thermal decomposition of garbage in the first incinerated by said plasma torch 3 to yield generated gas and slag. Saidgenerated gas and slag are spouted through an outlet 4 of the first incinerator 1 down into the second incineratorw 5.
  • An oxygen-feeding aperture 7 is provided near an opening of said outlet 4 extending into the second incinerator 5.
  • Said generated gas introduced from the first incinerator 1 into the second incinerator 5 is burnt in the-seeondincinerator 5 with pure oxygen supplied through-said oxygen feeding aperture 7 in an amount corresponding to. thetheoretical quantity of oxygen.
  • the intense heat generated by this combustion thermally decomposes garbage 6 charged into the second "incinerator 5 by taking off a cover 5 of said second incineratorS to yield generated gas and slag.
  • Said generated gas is fed, together with combustion gas produced :-in.the second incinerator 5, from a gas outlet 8 provided in-the lower part of the side of the second incinerator 5 through a bottom feed opening 11 of the third incinerator to the third incinerator 10.
  • slag formed from garbage in the first incinerator 1 and in the second incinerator 5 is discharged through a slag discharge opening 9 provided at the bottom of the second incinerator 5 therefrom.
  • Another oxygen feeding aperture 7' is provided near said bottom feed opening 1 1 of the third incinerator 10.
  • Said generated gas introduced from the second incinercinerator and in the third incinerator 10, from a gas outlet 13 provided in the upper part of the third incinerator to, e.g., an electric power facility, where said generated gas and said combustion gas are used to obtain utility power and electric power for the heat source for the thermal decomposition in the first incinerator 1.
  • slag formed from garbage in the third incinerator 10 is discharged through a lag discharge opening 14 provided in the lower part of the side of the third incinerator 10 therefrom.
  • the lower calorific value R per kg of garbage used in this example is about 2,000 Kcal.
  • the total calorific value E of plasma jet heat of said plasma torch 3 as a heat source for thermal decomposition of said first incinerator 1 is roughly calculated by Eqs. (2) and (3) as follows:
  • the quantity of pure oxygen corresponding to the theoretical quantity of oxygen necessary for combustion of generated gas obtained by the thermal decomposition of garbage in thefirst incinerator l and in the second incinerator 5 is calculated to be about 3,400 kg/h, i.e., about 2,500 Nm /h by Eqs. (1) and (2) as follows:
  • the thermal decomposition temperature of garbage at all incinerators in preferably regulated to the range between about 700C and about 900C.
  • the purity of oxygen used for the combustion of generated gas in the second incinerator 5 and in the third incinerator 10 may be such purity as can be obtained by a usual oxygen separator.
  • Slag from garbage discharged through slag discharge opening 9 and 14 of the second incinerator 5 and of the third incinerator 10 is a melt comprising glass, metals, earth, sand, etc. in which noxious matters such as heavy metals are fixed in a chemically stable condition and has a high strength after solidification. Accordingly, said slag can be used as reclamation material, pavement material, concrete aggregate, etc.
  • thermal energy of garbage is obtained as generated gas by thermal decomposition, and said generated gas is used as a heat source for thermal decomposition of garbage at the next stage. Repetition of this cycle enables large quantities of garbage to be disposed economically and effectively. Moreover, the area of site for the incinerating plant is relatively narrow. Further, since thermal decomposition of garbage is carried out substantially with no air, nitrogen oxides are scarcely produced and environmental pollution is not caused by the disposal of garbage, thus producing industrially useful effect.
  • a method for the disposal of garbage by multistage thermal decomposition characterized by: thermally decomposing garbage at the first stage by external heat requiring no oxygen; and thermally decomposing garbage at the second and following stages by combustion heat, said combustion heat being generated by combustion of the whole quantity of generated gas obtained by the thermal decomposition of garbage at the stage directly before the relevant stage with pure oxygen supplied in an amount corresponding to the theoretical quantity of oxygen for this combustion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
US538123A 1974-02-06 1975-01-02 Method for the disposal of garbage by multi-stage thermal decomposition Expired - Lifetime US3918374A (en)

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Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4398475A (en) * 1981-06-15 1983-08-16 Ssk Corporation Hazardous waste incineration system
US4509434A (en) * 1981-02-27 1985-04-09 Villamosipari Kutato Intezel Procedure and equipment for destroying waste by plasma technique
EP0031558B1 (de) * 1979-12-21 1985-12-18 Thomas Schäfer Müllverbrennungsanlage
WO1988001711A1 (en) * 1986-09-03 1988-03-10 Terry Randolph Galloway Hazardous waste reactor system
US4770109A (en) * 1987-05-04 1988-09-13 Retech, Inc. Apparatus and method for high temperature disposal of hazardous waste materials
US4838184A (en) * 1988-05-23 1989-06-13 John Zink Company Method and apparatus for disposing of landfill produced pollutants
US4848250A (en) * 1988-08-25 1989-07-18 Wunderley John M Refuse converter
US4861001A (en) * 1987-07-21 1989-08-29 Retech, Inc. Melting retort and method of melting materials
US4934286A (en) * 1989-08-24 1990-06-19 Fowler Benjamin P Apparatus and method for the disposal of waste
US5052310A (en) * 1991-01-22 1991-10-01 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Solid waste-to-steam incinerator capacity enhancement by combined oxygen enrichment and liquid quench
US5065680A (en) * 1989-09-21 1991-11-19 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Method and apparatus for making solid waste material environmentally safe using heat
US5127347A (en) * 1989-09-21 1992-07-07 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Method and apparatus for the reduction of solid waste material using coherent radiation
US5199363A (en) * 1989-09-21 1993-04-06 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Method and apparatus for making solid waste material environmentally safe using heat
US5230292A (en) * 1989-09-21 1993-07-27 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Apparatus for making solid waste material environmentally safe using heat
US5250175A (en) * 1989-11-29 1993-10-05 Seaview Thermal Systems Process for recovery and treatment of hazardous and non-hazardous components from a waste stream
US5370066A (en) * 1989-09-21 1994-12-06 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Method for making solid waste material environmentally safe using heat
US5451738A (en) * 1991-01-24 1995-09-19 Itex Enterprises Services, Inc. Plasma arc decomposition of hazardous wastes into vitrified solids and non-hazardous gasses
US5484465A (en) * 1993-08-02 1996-01-16 Emery Recycling Corporation Apparatus for municipal waste gasification
US5536488A (en) * 1991-07-01 1996-07-16 Manufacturing And Technology Conversion Indirectly heated thermochemical reactor processes
US5550311A (en) * 1995-02-10 1996-08-27 Hpr Corporation Method and apparatus for thermal decomposition and separation of components within an aqueous stream
US5601040A (en) * 1995-01-09 1997-02-11 Mcgill; Eugene C. Landfill leachate, gas and condensate disposal system
US5666891A (en) * 1995-02-02 1997-09-16 Battelle Memorial Institute ARC plasma-melter electro conversion system for waste treatment and resource recovery
US5756957A (en) * 1995-02-02 1998-05-26 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Tunable molten oxide pool assisted plasma-melter vitrification systems
US5762009A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-09 Alliant Techsystems, Inc. Plasma energy recycle and conversion (PERC) reactor and process
US5787822A (en) * 1996-05-24 1998-08-04 Emery Recycling Corporation Oblate spheroid shaped gasification apparatus and method of gasifying a feedstock
US5909654A (en) * 1995-03-17 1999-06-01 Hesboel; Rolf Method for the volume reduction and processing of nuclear waste
US5934207A (en) * 1997-03-06 1999-08-10 Echols; Richard L. Method and apparatus for disposing of leachate
US5976488A (en) * 1992-07-02 1999-11-02 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Process of making a compound having a spinel structure
US6018471A (en) * 1995-02-02 2000-01-25 Integrated Environmental Technologies Methods and apparatus for treating waste
US6066825A (en) * 1995-02-02 2000-05-23 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Methods and apparatus for low NOx emissions during the production of electricity from waste treatment systems
FR2869555A1 (fr) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-04 Bio 3D Applic Soc Par Actions Systeme et procede pour recycler thermiquement des dechets, en particulier des pneumatiques usages non recycables (punr) entiers et des dechets fractionnes et assimiles

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2272752A (en) * 1992-11-18 1994-05-25 Boc Group Plc Incinerator
GB9409349D0 (en) * 1994-05-11 1994-06-29 Morgan Automation Ltd Medical waste disposal unit
CN101943408A (zh) * 2010-07-19 2011-01-12 樊根喜 太阳光、热能处理垃圾

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2965052A (en) * 1960-12-20 Method for obtaining a complete
US3303798A (en) * 1964-04-22 1967-02-14 Signal Oil & Gas Co Refuse incinerating process and apparatus
US3777676A (en) * 1972-07-31 1973-12-11 W Lagen Apparatus and technique for incinerating solid fuels containing carbonizable material
US3841239A (en) * 1972-06-17 1974-10-15 Shin Meiwa Ind Co Ltd Method and apparatus for thermally decomposing refuse
US3859933A (en) * 1972-08-23 1975-01-14 Mannesmann Ag Waste disposal method and system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2965052A (en) * 1960-12-20 Method for obtaining a complete
US3303798A (en) * 1964-04-22 1967-02-14 Signal Oil & Gas Co Refuse incinerating process and apparatus
US3841239A (en) * 1972-06-17 1974-10-15 Shin Meiwa Ind Co Ltd Method and apparatus for thermally decomposing refuse
US3777676A (en) * 1972-07-31 1973-12-11 W Lagen Apparatus and technique for incinerating solid fuels containing carbonizable material
US3859933A (en) * 1972-08-23 1975-01-14 Mannesmann Ag Waste disposal method and system

Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0031558B1 (de) * 1979-12-21 1985-12-18 Thomas Schäfer Müllverbrennungsanlage
US4509434A (en) * 1981-02-27 1985-04-09 Villamosipari Kutato Intezel Procedure and equipment for destroying waste by plasma technique
US4398475A (en) * 1981-06-15 1983-08-16 Ssk Corporation Hazardous waste incineration system
WO1988001711A1 (en) * 1986-09-03 1988-03-10 Terry Randolph Galloway Hazardous waste reactor system
US4770109A (en) * 1987-05-04 1988-09-13 Retech, Inc. Apparatus and method for high temperature disposal of hazardous waste materials
US4861001A (en) * 1987-07-21 1989-08-29 Retech, Inc. Melting retort and method of melting materials
US4838184A (en) * 1988-05-23 1989-06-13 John Zink Company Method and apparatus for disposing of landfill produced pollutants
US4848250A (en) * 1988-08-25 1989-07-18 Wunderley John M Refuse converter
US4934286A (en) * 1989-08-24 1990-06-19 Fowler Benjamin P Apparatus and method for the disposal of waste
US5065680A (en) * 1989-09-21 1991-11-19 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Method and apparatus for making solid waste material environmentally safe using heat
US5127347A (en) * 1989-09-21 1992-07-07 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Method and apparatus for the reduction of solid waste material using coherent radiation
US5199363A (en) * 1989-09-21 1993-04-06 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Method and apparatus for making solid waste material environmentally safe using heat
US5230292A (en) * 1989-09-21 1993-07-27 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Apparatus for making solid waste material environmentally safe using heat
US5370066A (en) * 1989-09-21 1994-12-06 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Method for making solid waste material environmentally safe using heat
US5250175A (en) * 1989-11-29 1993-10-05 Seaview Thermal Systems Process for recovery and treatment of hazardous and non-hazardous components from a waste stream
US5052310A (en) * 1991-01-22 1991-10-01 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Solid waste-to-steam incinerator capacity enhancement by combined oxygen enrichment and liquid quench
US5451738A (en) * 1991-01-24 1995-09-19 Itex Enterprises Services, Inc. Plasma arc decomposition of hazardous wastes into vitrified solids and non-hazardous gasses
US5536488A (en) * 1991-07-01 1996-07-16 Manufacturing And Technology Conversion Indirectly heated thermochemical reactor processes
US5976488A (en) * 1992-07-02 1999-11-02 Phoenix Environmental, Ltd. Process of making a compound having a spinel structure
US5573559A (en) * 1993-08-02 1996-11-12 Emery Recycling Corporation Method for municipal waste gasification
US5484465A (en) * 1993-08-02 1996-01-16 Emery Recycling Corporation Apparatus for municipal waste gasification
US5601040A (en) * 1995-01-09 1997-02-11 Mcgill; Eugene C. Landfill leachate, gas and condensate disposal system
US6018471A (en) * 1995-02-02 2000-01-25 Integrated Environmental Technologies Methods and apparatus for treating waste
US6215678B1 (en) 1995-02-02 2001-04-10 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Arc plasma-joule heated melter system for waste treatment and resource recovery
US6160238A (en) * 1995-02-02 2000-12-12 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Inc. Tunable molten oxide pool assisted plasma-melter vitrification systems
US6127645A (en) * 1995-02-02 2000-10-03 Battelle Memorial Institute Tunable, self-powered arc plasma-melter electro conversion system for waste treatment and resource recovery
US5798497A (en) * 1995-02-02 1998-08-25 Battelle Memorial Institute Tunable, self-powered integrated arc plasma-melter vitrification system for waste treatment and resource recovery
US5811752A (en) * 1995-02-02 1998-09-22 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Enhanced tunable plasma-melter vitrification systems
US5908564A (en) * 1995-02-02 1999-06-01 Battelle Memorial Institute Tunable, self-powered arc plasma-melter electro conversion system for waste treatment and resource recovery
US6066825A (en) * 1995-02-02 2000-05-23 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Methods and apparatus for low NOx emissions during the production of electricity from waste treatment systems
US6630113B1 (en) 1995-02-02 2003-10-07 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Methods and apparatus for treating waste
US5666891A (en) * 1995-02-02 1997-09-16 Battelle Memorial Institute ARC plasma-melter electro conversion system for waste treatment and resource recovery
US5756957A (en) * 1995-02-02 1998-05-26 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Tunable molten oxide pool assisted plasma-melter vitrification systems
US6037560A (en) * 1995-02-02 2000-03-14 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Enhanced tunable plasma-melter vitrification systems
US5550311A (en) * 1995-02-10 1996-08-27 Hpr Corporation Method and apparatus for thermal decomposition and separation of components within an aqueous stream
US5909654A (en) * 1995-03-17 1999-06-01 Hesboel; Rolf Method for the volume reduction and processing of nuclear waste
US5762009A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-09 Alliant Techsystems, Inc. Plasma energy recycle and conversion (PERC) reactor and process
US5787822A (en) * 1996-05-24 1998-08-04 Emery Recycling Corporation Oblate spheroid shaped gasification apparatus and method of gasifying a feedstock
US5934207A (en) * 1997-03-06 1999-08-10 Echols; Richard L. Method and apparatus for disposing of leachate
FR2869555A1 (fr) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-04 Bio 3D Applic Soc Par Actions Systeme et procede pour recycler thermiquement des dechets, en particulier des pneumatiques usages non recycables (punr) entiers et des dechets fractionnes et assimiles
WO2005106328A1 (fr) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-10 Bio 3D Applications Systeme et procede pour recycler thermiquement des dechets
US20070234937A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2007-10-11 Guyomarc H Raymond Thermal Waste Recycling Method and System
US7736603B2 (en) 2004-04-28 2010-06-15 Bio 3D Applications Thermal waste recycling method and system

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JPS50108769A (zh) 1975-08-27
CA1022006A (en) 1977-12-06
GB1459159A (en) 1976-12-22

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