US3917311A - Invalid carriage - Google Patents

Invalid carriage Download PDF

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Publication number
US3917311A
US3917311A US439962A US43996274A US3917311A US 3917311 A US3917311 A US 3917311A US 439962 A US439962 A US 439962A US 43996274 A US43996274 A US 43996274A US 3917311 A US3917311 A US 3917311A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wheels
driven
invalid
reduction gear
driven wheels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US439962A
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English (en)
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Sadae Wada
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US3917311A publication Critical patent/US3917311A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/02—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person
    • A61G5/021—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person having particular propulsion mechanisms
    • A61G5/023—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person having particular propulsion mechanisms acting directly on hubs or axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/02—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/02—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person
    • A61G5/024—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person having particular operating means
    • A61G5/025—Levers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/02—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person
    • A61G5/028—Special adaptations or provisions on hand rim, e.g. for facilitating gripping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19191—Alternating rotary
    • Y10T74/19205—Clutchable gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19219—Interchangeably locked
    • Y10T74/19284—Meshing assisters

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Invalid carriages e.g., wheelchairs capable of ascending and descending inclines under the muscular control and motive power of a disabled occupant, are provided by the introduction of clutches, gear reduction means and torque enhancement means between the hand rim and driven wheels of an otherwise conventional invalid carriage.
  • FIGA A first figure.
  • the present invention relates generally to invalid chairs and more particularly to wheeled invalid chairs capable of going up and down a slope safely and easily without the use of auxiliary motive power.
  • a typical example of these improvements is to enable them to go up and down aslope and steps with users physical strength.
  • the conventional invalid carriage In the conventional invalid carriage, it is hard to climb a slope, because greater physical strength is required to rotate the hand rims of the invalid carriage in order to advance it on the slope than is required to propel it on a flat surface, and also because the-invalid carriage is always subjected to grav itational forces to cause it to go downhill while climbing the slope. Further, the conventional invalid carriage is not satisfactorily safe when it descends a slope, because it is liable to-slip on the slope during the operation of a brake and it is somewhat difficult to descend the slope as the brake is operating.
  • 'Another object of the present invention is to provide a wheeled invalid chair or an invalid carriage which is able to easily ascend a slope by rotating hand rims of the invalid carriage with an users physical strength and in which reverse rotation of the wheels of the invalid carriage is prevented during the climb of the slope so that safety may be assured.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a wheeled invalid chair or an invalid carriage which is able to descend a slope slowly so that risks due to acceleration of the invalid carriage during the descent of the slope may be prevented.
  • an invalid carriage having a pair of driven wheels and hand rims which are directly connectable to the driven wheels and rotated therewith at the same rate of rotation, and which are also separable so as to be able to rotate the driven wheels at a reduced rotating ratio when the hand rims are rotated.
  • reduction gears are 2 provided including a worm and worm wheel between the driven wheels and the hand rims.
  • a reduction mechanism In the field of mechanical engineering, a number of reduction mechanisms have been proposed, but the reduction mechanism usually functions as an accelerating mechanism if it is reversely rotated.
  • the worm wheel In reduction gearing using a worm and a worm wheel, the worm wheel is rotated at a reduced rotational speed if it is rotated from the worm side, however, the worm itself is not caused to be rotated if it is rotated from the worm wheel side.
  • a reduction gear comprisinga worm and a worm wheel is connected to the driven wheels so that the invalid carriage can safely ascent and descend slopes.
  • the force at the contacting point is increased to 2.4 times the initial force applied to the hand rims by reducing the rotating speed of the driven wheels by 1/3.
  • the force of 4kg becomes 9.6kg and the torque is increased. Therefore, the invalid carriage in accordance with the present invention can ascend a slope as long as the friction at the contacting surface of the driven wheels is smaller, than the torque of the driven wheels. It is further obvious that the invalid carriage can ascend the slope much easier with a force of 9.6kg than with a force of 4kg.
  • the reduction ratio is normally l/lO to l/lOO.
  • the driven wheels in order to make the reduction ratio of the driven wheels to the hand rims 1/3, the driven wheels must be accelerated to rotate at the ratio of 10/3 by means of chain wheels and bevel gears if the reduction ratio of the reduction gears is l/lO. Then, the reduction ratio represented by the following expression is obtained:
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an invalid carriage in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a rear side view of an invalid carriage in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial sectional view of a reduction mechanism associated with a driven wheel and a hand rim taken along the line 3 3 of FIG. 1, showing the condition of reducing rotating speed of the driven wheels;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial sectional view similar to FIG. 3 in which the reduction mechanism is disengaged from the driving wheel and the hand rim is directly connected to the driving wheel.
  • the invalid carriage generally indicated by the reference numeral of the present invention is shown as including a seat-carrying upright framework 11 which is commensurate in its Width and length, a pair of spaced smaller diameter front wheels 12 supported or joumalled in front of the framework 11, a pair of spaced larger diameter driven wheels 13 and 14 having hand rims 15 and 16 respectively for manually driving the driven wheels 13 and 14 which are rotatably mounted on an axle 17 extending laterally to the framework 11 at the rearward region thereof, and a pair of reduction gear assemblies 18 and 19 which can be coupled to each of the driven wheels 13 and 14 so as to reduce the rotating ratio of the driven wheels 13 and 14 to the hand rims 15 and 16 when the invalid chair l0 ascends a slope by manually rotating the hand rims 15 and 16.
  • the driven wheels 13 and 14, and the hand rims 15 and 16 are disposed at both sides of the invalid chair 10 so that they may be easily gripped and rotated by users hands.
  • the reduction gear boxes 18 and 19 are supported on a rectangular base frame 20 of the framework 11 at the rear portion thereof and associated with power transmitting mechanisms hereinafter described which are preferably disposed at an open space below a seat portion of the framework 11.
  • the invalid carriage 10 in accordance with the present invention is preferably constructed to make its center of gravity lower than that of invalid carriages designed solely for propelling along a flat surface so that the stability thereof may be assured, since the stability of an invalid carriage is reduced when it goes up a slope.
  • the hand rim l5 and the driven wheel 13 are provided with holes 21 and 22 at bosses 23 and 24 thereof, and are mounted on the axle 17 by means of a bushing 25 and a sleeve 26 having a flange 27 at an end thereof.
  • the flange 27 includes a pin 28 projected from the rear surface thereof which is inserted into the hole 21 of the hand rim 15.
  • the pin 28 may be penetrated into the hole 22 of the driven wheel 13 by an operation of clutch lever 29.
  • the sleeve 26 is rotatable around the axle 17 with the hand rim 15 when it is rotated by users hands.
  • a clutch member is secured by a key 50, which includes a front portion 31 rotatable around the bushing 25 being independent of the rotating motion of a rear portion 32 of the clutch member 30.
  • the front portion 31 of the clutch member includes pins 33 and 34 which may be respectively penetrated into the hole 22 of the driven wheel 13 and a hole 56 of a chain wheel 57 rotatably mounted around the front portion 31 of the clutch member 30.
  • the rear portion 32 of the clutch member 30 includes a pin 35 which may be penetrated into a hole 36 of chain wheel 37 rotatably mounted around the rear, portion 32 of the clutch member 30.
  • the clutch member 30 is moveable horizontally along the axle 17 by the operation of lever 29 so that it may be engaged or disengaged with the driven wheel 13 by the penetration of pins 33, 34 and 35 into the holes 22, 56 and 36 or extraction therefrom as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the reduction gear box 18 includes a worm and worm gearing (not shown) which is of conventional type, and has an input shaft 41 provided with a chain sprocket 42 and an output shaft 43 provided with a bevel gear 44 engaging with a bevel gear 45 coaxially mounted on a shaft 46 having a chain sprocket 47.
  • the chain sprocket 42 and the chain wheel 37 are con-. nected by chain 48, while chain sprocket 47 and the chain wheel 57 are connected by chain 49.
  • the worm and the worm wheel in the reduction gear box 18 are rotated to cause output shaft 43 having the bevel gear 44 at the terminating end thereof to rotate at the reduced speed, and the chain sprocket 47 connected to the output shaft 43 of: the reduction gear by means of the bevel gear 45 is rotated, and in turn the front portion 31 of the clutch member 30 engaging with the chain wheel 57 and the driven wheel 13 is rotated by the chain 49, thereby the driven wheel 13 is rotated at reduced speed by the hand rim 15 through the power transmitting mechanisms and reduction gear assemblies described the above.
  • the clutch member 30 When the invalid carriage in accordance with the present invention is adapted for propulsion along a flat surface, the clutch member 30 is disengaged from the driven wheel 13 by operation of the clutch lever 29, and the chain wheels 57 and 37 are freed from engagement with the pins 34 and 35 of the clutch member 30 as shown in FIG. 4. Then, the hand rim l5 and the driven wheel 13 are united by the penetration of the pin 28 into the hole 22 of the driven wheel 13 and it can be rotated with the hand rim 15.
  • the weight of the invalid carriage in accordance with the present invention may be somewhat increased,
  • an invalid carriage having a seat-carrying upright framework with an axle extending laterally across said framework, a pair of spaced driven wheels rotatably supported on said axle at both sides of said framework and a pair of spaced hand rims rotatably supported on said axle adjacent to said driven wheels for manually rotating said driven wheels, the improvement which comprises:
  • reduction gear means having input shafts having means for coupling to said hand rims and output shafts having means for coupling to said drive wheels for positively reducing the rotation of said driven wheels with respect to said hand rims when said hand rims are connected to said driven wheels through said reduction gear means, said reduction gear means being independent of said direct connection means;
  • An invalid carriage according to claim 2 further comprising means for increasing the rotational force taken off the output shaft of said reduction gear means and transmitting the increased rotational force to said driven wheels.
  • said means for increasing the rotational force is a gear assembly comprising bevel gears, chain sprockets, chains and chain wheels.
  • said means for increasing the rotational force is a gear assembly comprising bevel gears, chain sprockets,

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
US439962A 1973-02-05 1974-02-05 Invalid carriage Expired - Lifetime US3917311A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP48015065A JPS49103343A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-05 1973-02-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3917311A true US3917311A (en) 1975-11-04

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Family Applications (1)

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US439962A Expired - Lifetime US3917311A (en) 1973-02-05 1974-02-05 Invalid carriage

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JP (1) JPS49103343A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2786843A1 (fr) * 1998-10-28 2000-06-09 Olivier Balgros Vehicule tel que fauteuil roulant
US10124666B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2018-11-13 High Stone Technologies, LLC Wheelchair drive boost
US11141329B2 (en) * 2019-11-29 2021-10-12 Research Institute For Life Space, Llc Single-handedly operable wheelchair

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51136253U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1975-04-22 1976-11-04
JPH0522171Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-12-22 1993-06-07
JPH0255938U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1988-10-14 1990-04-23

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US341237A (en) * 1886-05-04 Bicycle
US578329A (en) * 1897-03-09 Propelling device for vehicles
US1008150A (en) * 1910-02-23 1911-11-07 Harry H Holden Gearing.
US3195910A (en) * 1964-02-12 1965-07-20 Steiner Alois Stair-climbing vehicle
US3563568A (en) * 1968-09-20 1971-02-16 Reuben V Sasse Variable ratio rotary drive mechanism and wheel chair embodying same
US3643642A (en) * 1970-07-06 1972-02-22 Norman E Junes Power takeoff on marine diesel engine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US341237A (en) * 1886-05-04 Bicycle
US578329A (en) * 1897-03-09 Propelling device for vehicles
US1008150A (en) * 1910-02-23 1911-11-07 Harry H Holden Gearing.
US3195910A (en) * 1964-02-12 1965-07-20 Steiner Alois Stair-climbing vehicle
US3563568A (en) * 1968-09-20 1971-02-16 Reuben V Sasse Variable ratio rotary drive mechanism and wheel chair embodying same
US3643642A (en) * 1970-07-06 1972-02-22 Norman E Junes Power takeoff on marine diesel engine

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2786843A1 (fr) * 1998-10-28 2000-06-09 Olivier Balgros Vehicule tel que fauteuil roulant
US10124666B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2018-11-13 High Stone Technologies, LLC Wheelchair drive boost
US10315513B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2019-06-11 High Stone Technologies, LLC Wheelchair drive boost
US11141329B2 (en) * 2019-11-29 2021-10-12 Research Institute For Life Space, Llc Single-handedly operable wheelchair

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS49103343A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-30

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