US3916189A - Low temperature liquid storage tank having crack-detecting means - Google Patents

Low temperature liquid storage tank having crack-detecting means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3916189A
US3916189A US47914374A US3916189A US 3916189 A US3916189 A US 3916189A US 47914374 A US47914374 A US 47914374A US 3916189 A US3916189 A US 3916189A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
low temperature
temperature liquid
tank
impermeable material
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Kihei Katsuta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Filing date
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Publication of US3916189A publication Critical patent/US3916189A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
    • F17C3/06—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers on the inner surface, i.e. in contact with the stored fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
    • G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G01M3/226—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/038—Detecting leaked fluid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a low temperature liquid storage tank having crack-detecting means and,
  • the present invention aims at avoiding the difficulties in the prior art low temperature liquid storage tank.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel and useful low temperature liquid storage tank having crack-detecting means in which detection of cracks possibly generated in the impermeable layer of the tank can be easily and exactly effected by the provision of sources of radioactive element on the inner wall of the tank shell.
  • the low temperature liquid storage tank having crack-detecting means in accordance with the present invention comprises at least a heat insulating layer and at least an impermeable layer applied to the inner wall of the tank shell in laminated relationship with each other, the tank being characterized in that a plurality of hermetically sealed sources of radioisotope are secured to the inner surface of the tank shell in spaced relationship from each other.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the hull of a ship in which a low temperature liquefied gas storage tank having crack-detecting means in accordance with the present invention is incorporated;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view in enlarged scale showing in detail a portion of the low temperature liquefied gas storage tank of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the results of measurement of the emissivity of radiation given in relation to the conditions shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showing in more detail the construction of the source of radioisotope shown in circle A in FIG. 2.
  • a primary impermeable layer 3 made of a low temperature resistant material is provided on the inside of the tank shell 1 forming the hull with the interposition of a heat insulating layer 2 of a material such as foamed resin.
  • Ballast tanks B are provided at both the ships sides and the ships bottom.
  • the space L is used to receive the low temperature liquid for storage thereof.
  • a secondary impermeable layer 4 is shown as being provided in the interior of the heat insulating layer Z'arranged between the tank shell 1 and theinnermost primary impermeable layer 3.
  • a plurality of hermetically sealed sources 5 of radioisotope are secured to the inner surface of the tank shell 1 in spaced relationship from each other.
  • the heat insulating layer 2 is divided into a primary heat insulating layer 2a and a secondary heat insulating layer 2b by the secondary impermeable layer 4.
  • a material having a superior heat insulating property such as hard polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam and polyethylene foam may be employed.
  • an ordinary steel for ship construction may be used which is not noted for having a low temperature resistant property.
  • a composite low temperature resistant material such as a material sold by the Tradename Aluminilar having metallic foils of a high malleability and a low gas permeability such as aluminum foils laminated with polyester resin and a composite material having glass fibers or carbon fibers combined with polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin of polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafloroethylene copolymer must be used.
  • the hermetically sealed source-5 of radioisotope is secured to the inner surface of the tank shell I by means of bonding agent 6 and received in the recess of the second heat insulating layer 2b.
  • a sealed container a made of lead of the source 5 is formed with a window 5b opening toward the interior of the tank.
  • a capsule 5c is housed in the container 5a and a predetermined quantity of radioisotope 5d (cobalt 60, for example) is hermetically housed in the capsule 5c.
  • the inspection of cracks as described above can be effected during the construction of the tank.
  • the crack inspection is to be carried out at the time the secondary impermeable layer 4 has been completed and at the time the primary impermeable layer 3 has been completed.
  • cobalt 60 can be used most easily.
  • the half life of cobalt 60 is 5.2 years, and, assuming that the depreciation period of the ship having the low temperature liquid storage tank described above is years, the quantity of the radioisotope as the source 5 merely decreases to about one-sixteenth, and the quantity of lane of radioisotope suffices for one source.
  • the total quantity of the sources in a ship may be in the order of 1 mac thereby permitting the total quantity of the sources to be limited to the degree capable of sufficiently insuring the security of the ship.
  • Apparatus comprising:
  • the tank is adapted for storing low temperature liquid
  • each source including shielding providing window means oriented toward the inside of the tank, so that cracks in the at least one 4 low temperature liquidimpermeable layer may be detected from within the tank.
  • the hermetically sealed sources of radioisotope are each constituted by a capsule of cobalt 6O encased in lead.
  • the second layer of low temperature liquid-impermeable material functions as the primary layer of low temperature liquid-impermeable material and the first-described layer of low temperature liquidimpermeable material functions as a secondary layer of low temperature liquid-impermeable material.
  • tanker ship for transporting liquefied gas, said ship incorporating said liquid storage tank.
  • said wall means is constituted by steel.
  • the heat insulating material is constituted by rigid foamed plastic resin.
  • the at least one layer of low temperature liquidimpermeable material is constituted by a composite aluminum foil laminated with polyester resin.
  • the at least one layer of low temperature liquidimpermeable material is constituted by a composite of fiber reinforced polyurethane resin.
  • the at least one layer of low temperature liquidimpermeable material is constituted by a composite of fiber-reinforced epoxy resin.
  • the at least one layer of low temperature liquidimpermeable material is constituted by a composite of fiber-reinforced silicone resin.
  • the at least one layer of low temperature liquidimpermeable material is constituted by a composite of fiber-reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
US47914374 1973-06-22 1974-06-13 Low temperature liquid storage tank having crack-detecting means Expired - Lifetime US3916189A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7055273A JPS5020787A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-06-22 1973-06-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3916189A true US3916189A (en) 1975-10-28

Family

ID=13434788

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US47914374 Expired - Lifetime US3916189A (en) 1973-06-22 1974-06-13 Low temperature liquid storage tank having crack-detecting means

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3916189A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5020787A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE816655A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1005375A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK145144C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES427669A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2234514B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1442918A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1015284B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7408425A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO133511C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE393862B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4051369A (en) * 1974-02-09 1977-09-27 Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Method for inspecting nuclear fuel rod or irradiation capsule

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56132550A (en) * 1980-03-21 1981-10-16 Nippon Steel Corp Diagnostic method for deterioration of insulation for winding of electric machine
FR2515347A1 (fr) * 1981-10-26 1983-04-29 Nguyen Tan Chuong Procede de detection et de localisation de micro-fuites dans une paroi et notamment dans la barriere secondaire des cuves de methaniers
JPH0740826Y2 (ja) * 1989-06-19 1995-09-20 株式会社プランテック ガス整流装置を備えた竪型焼却炉
JPH0730905B2 (ja) * 1991-09-09 1995-04-10 株式会社ジェット炉 焼却炉

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2518327A (en) * 1947-01-20 1950-08-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method and means for detecting leaks in lead sheath telephone cables
US2674695A (en) * 1950-07-27 1954-04-06 Sun Oil Co Determination of level of a body of material in a vessel
US2794953A (en) * 1954-02-25 1957-06-04 Budd Co Method and apparatus for testing wall continuity by capacitance alteration
US3439166A (en) * 1964-11-04 1969-04-15 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Measuring ablation shield thickness
US3531638A (en) * 1965-10-23 1970-09-29 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Radiation fill gauge

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4829484A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-08-20 1973-04-19

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2518327A (en) * 1947-01-20 1950-08-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method and means for detecting leaks in lead sheath telephone cables
US2674695A (en) * 1950-07-27 1954-04-06 Sun Oil Co Determination of level of a body of material in a vessel
US2794953A (en) * 1954-02-25 1957-06-04 Budd Co Method and apparatus for testing wall continuity by capacitance alteration
US3439166A (en) * 1964-11-04 1969-04-15 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Measuring ablation shield thickness
US3531638A (en) * 1965-10-23 1970-09-29 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Radiation fill gauge

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4051369A (en) * 1974-02-09 1977-09-27 Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Method for inspecting nuclear fuel rod or irradiation capsule

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO133511C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-05-12
NL7408425A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-12-24
DK145144B (da) 1982-09-13
FR2234514A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-01-17
DE2429877A1 (de) 1975-01-16
ES427669A1 (es) 1976-09-01
NO742250L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-01-20
FR2234514B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-12-24
DK145144C (da) 1983-02-14
SE7407877L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-12-23
CA1005375A (en) 1977-02-15
NO133511B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-02-02
JPS5020787A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-03-05
GB1442918A (en) 1976-07-14
IT1015284B (it) 1977-05-10
BE816655A (fr) 1974-10-16
DE2429877B2 (de) 1976-02-19
DK333074A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-02-24
SE393862B (sv) 1977-05-23

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