US3911715A - Method of manufacturing an extruded metal component - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing an extruded metal component Download PDF

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Publication number
US3911715A
US3911715A US484787A US48478774A US3911715A US 3911715 A US3911715 A US 3911715A US 484787 A US484787 A US 484787A US 48478774 A US48478774 A US 48478774A US 3911715 A US3911715 A US 3911715A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
punch
billet
die cavity
extrusion operation
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US484787A
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English (en)
Inventor
David Thomas Tranter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lucas Electrical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Electrical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucas Electrical Co Ltd filed Critical Lucas Electrical Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3911715A publication Critical patent/US3911715A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/14—Making other products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
    • B21C23/10—Making finned tubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49462—Gear making
    • Y10T29/49467—Gear shaping

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Primary ExaminerLowell A. Larson Assistant ExaminerRobert M. Rogers Attorney, Agent, or Firml-lolman & Stern was [ ABSTRACT The manufacture of an extruded metal component of the kind including a hollow substantially cylindrical body defining one or more axially extending splines at its external surface involves engaging a first punch with one end of a hollow, substantially cylindrical metal billet. The first punch is then used to perform an extrusion operation on the billet by causing the billet to undergo movement relative to a die cavity.
  • the extrusion operation is arranged to cause material of the billet to flow so as to produce the required one or more axially extending splines and, during the extrusion operation, a load is applied to a second punch to urge the second punch against the other end of the billet.
  • the load applied to the second punch is such that the second punch is moved relative to the die cavity by the material being extruded, but at the same time the material being extruded is shaped by the second punch so as to substantially fill the die cavity and thereby define the end of the component corresponding to the other end of the billet.
  • a method, according to the invention comprises the steps of:-
  • the load applied to the second punch to urge the second punch against said other end of the billet during the extrusion operation is substantially equal to the product of the yield stress of the billet and the area of said other end of the billet in contact with the second punch.
  • the second punch is shaped complementarily with the end of the component corresponding to said other end of the billet.
  • the second punch is used to eject the component from the die cavity after the extrusion operation.
  • the portions of the walls of the die cavity which produce said axially extending splines are cut back along their axially extending, radially innermost edges and from a position adjacent their ends remote from the second punch.
  • the first punch carries a projecting mandrel of the shape of the bore in the component.
  • the accompanying drawing is a part-sectional side i view illustrating a method, according to one example of the invention, of manufacturing an extruded steel component of the kind specified.
  • the component was intended for use as a pinion for a road vehicle starter motor and included a hollow, substantially cylindrical body 12 of circular cross section. At one end 12a, the body 12 was formed along part of its length with a plurality of equiangularly spaced, axially extending grooves 13 the depth of which tapered to zero at their ends remote from the end 12a.
  • the grooves 13 thus defined a plurality of equiangularly spaced, axially extending splines 14 at the external surface of the body 12, the splines lying on a circle having a diameter slightly smaller than the external diameter of the non-grooves portion 12b of the body 12.
  • the component 11 was manufactured from a cylindrical, hot rolled, centreless turned steel bar, the steel used in the bar having the following composition by weight: carbon 0.21 percent, manganese 1.24 percent.
  • the steel bar was initially turned toproduce a hollow, substantially cylindrical billet of length 1 inch and external diameter 1.16 inches, the latter value being substantially equal to that required for the external diameter of the portion 12b of the body.
  • the turning operation was also arranged so that the bore in the billet had a diameter of 0.522 inch along most of its length but was relieved at one end thereof, these dimensions and shaping being substantially the same as those required for the bore in the body 12.
  • the turned billet was arranged so that at each of its axial ends the external peripheral edge of the billet was curved so as to lie on a circle of 3/32 inch radius.
  • the die 15 included a cylindrical die cavity 18 of circular cross section and diameter substantially equal to the maximum external diameter of the component 11.
  • the walls of the die cavity 18 were provided with a plurality of equiangularly spaced projecting portions 19 which extended into the die cavity and defined the shape of the axially extending grooves 13.
  • the depth of the portions 19 tapered to zero at their ends remote from the end 180.
  • the radially innermost edges of the portions 19 were cut back from a position adjacent their tapering ends, as is shown at 21 in the drawing.
  • the portions 19 extended radially into the die cavity 18 by a distance slightly less than the depth of the grooves 13 to be produced in the component 11.
  • Production of the component 11 from the hollow billet was effected by forcing the billet into the die cavity 18 from the other end 18b thereof by means of a first punch 22 which was urged against the end of the billet remote from the relieved portion of the bore therein and which in one practical embodiment applied a load of tons to the billet.
  • a first punch 22 which was urged against the end of the billet remote from the relieved portion of the bore therein and which in one practical embodiment applied a load of tons to the billet.
  • the displaced metal flowed towards the end 18a of the die cavity between the portions 19 so as to produce the splines 14 of the required component 11.
  • the provision of the steps 21 in the portions 19 was found to reduce the friction between the displaced metal of the billet and the die cavity, so reducing the load on the punch 22.
  • the punch 22 was provided with a projecting mandrel 23 which was received in the bore in the billet during the extrusion operation so as to ensure that extrusion produced the required bore in the component 11.
  • Slidably received in the die cavity 18 during the extrusion process was a hollow second punch which extended into engagement with the billet from the end 18a of the die cavity.
  • the end of punch 24 in contact with the billet was substantially flat, although the exterior of the punch 24 carried the same spline form as required for the component 11. Further, as the punch 22 was moved into the die cavity 18 to effect extrusion of the billet, the punch 24 was urged against the end of the billet remote from the punch 22.
  • the load applied to the punch 24 was of course arranged to be less than that applied to the punch 32 so that as the extrusion operation progressed the punch 24 was moved by the billet relative to the die cavity 18 and the mandrel 23 was moved into the bore in the punch 24.
  • the load applied to the punch 24 was arranged to be sufficient to cause the material of the billet which was flowing towards the end 18a of the die cavity to substantially fill the cavity during the extrusion operation and, define the end 12a of the component.
  • the extrusion process produced splines 14 which accurately conformed to the shape of the die cavity 18 along the complete length of the splines.
  • the extruded material substantially retained the shape of the billet rather than being shaped by the punch 24 so that the external peripheral edge of the splined end 12a of the resultant component had the same curvature as the corresponding edge of the billet.
  • the material billet had a yield stress of t.s.i. and, allowing for the shaping of the punch 24 and the bore in the billet, the area of the billet in contact with the punch 24 was 0.35in
  • a trial extrusion operation was therefore performed with the loading of the punch 24 set at 10.5 tons and it was found that some material was extruded between the punch 24 and the projecting portions 19. The punch load was therefore decreased to 10 tons and subsequent extrusion operations produced components 12 of the required shape.
  • the punch 22 was removed from the die cavity 18 and the punch 24 was moved towards the end 18b of the die cavity so as to eject the finished component from the die.
  • the billet used to produce the component 11 could have been produced by a cropping and dumping sequence, instead of by the turning operation employed in the above example.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
US484787A 1973-07-06 1974-07-01 Method of manufacturing an extruded metal component Expired - Lifetime US3911715A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3244673A GB1463487A (en) 1973-07-06 1973-07-06 Method of manufacturing an extruded metal component

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3911715A true US3911715A (en) 1975-10-14

Family

ID=10338724

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US484787A Expired - Lifetime US3911715A (en) 1973-07-06 1974-07-01 Method of manufacturing an extruded metal component

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3911715A (ja)
JP (1) JPS50123557A (ja)
AU (1) AU472906B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE2432268A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES427982A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2235742B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1463487A (ja)
IN (1) IN142115B (ja)
ZA (1) ZA744177B (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5408857A (en) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-25 Ford Motor Company Method and apparatus for extrusion of gears
CN105382047A (zh) * 2015-09-02 2016-03-09 浙江铭锐金属制品有限公司 一种拼接式凹模

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58163522A (ja) * 1982-03-23 1983-09-28 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 歯車の押出し成形方法
CN114178801A (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-15 浙江欧迪恩传动科技股份有限公司 一种冷缩径模具及利用该模具加工万向节花键轴的工艺

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034383A (en) * 1957-03-25 1962-05-15 Otto Fuchs Kommandit Ges Synchromesh gear and method and apparatus for making the same
US3165199A (en) * 1962-04-05 1965-01-12 Fellows Gear Shaper Co Method of forming shouldered articles

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034383A (en) * 1957-03-25 1962-05-15 Otto Fuchs Kommandit Ges Synchromesh gear and method and apparatus for making the same
US3165199A (en) * 1962-04-05 1965-01-12 Fellows Gear Shaper Co Method of forming shouldered articles

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5408857A (en) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-25 Ford Motor Company Method and apparatus for extrusion of gears
CN105382047A (zh) * 2015-09-02 2016-03-09 浙江铭锐金属制品有限公司 一种拼接式凹模
CN105382047B (zh) * 2015-09-02 2017-11-17 浙江铭锐金属制品有限公司 一种拼接式凹模

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7084274A (en) 1976-01-08
AU472906B2 (en) 1976-06-10
GB1463487A (en) 1977-02-02
ZA744177B (en) 1975-06-25
JPS50123557A (ja) 1975-09-29
IN142115B (ja) 1977-05-28
DE2432268A1 (de) 1975-01-23
ES427982A1 (es) 1976-08-16
FR2235742A1 (ja) 1975-01-31
FR2235742B1 (ja) 1978-12-29

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