US3907474A - Compacting apparatus including steady and vibratory force means - Google Patents

Compacting apparatus including steady and vibratory force means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3907474A
US3907474A US380538A US38053873A US3907474A US 3907474 A US3907474 A US 3907474A US 380538 A US380538 A US 380538A US 38053873 A US38053873 A US 38053873A US 3907474 A US3907474 A US 3907474A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
spindle
piston
sleeve
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US380538A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harry Blaser
Franz Stelzmuller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Von Roll AG
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Von Roll AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH1086672A external-priority patent/CH547696A/de
Priority claimed from CH1227672A external-priority patent/CH553653A/de
Application filed by Von Roll AG filed Critical Von Roll AG
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Publication of US3907474A publication Critical patent/US3907474A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/022—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is subjected to vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/14—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space co-operating with moulds on a movable carrier other than a turntable or a rotating drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
    • B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses

Definitions

  • a sleeve which sleeve is subjected to steady state pressure forces, the reaction pressure force of which is measured and utilized to control application of feed power to the sleeve.
  • Block anodes made in this manner are used, for example, in the aluminum industry.
  • thebottom and the cover olla vessel are formed as pistons, the vessel itself, being a cylinder,-the pistons-being connected to piston drives which are capable of being moved both with a feed movement as well as with vibratory move- ,pacted and .controlled as a function of time. It may occur, however,--that someof the .parameters are not matched to eachother. For example, feed movement or amplitude may be too great in relation to instantaneous degree of compaction of the granulate, thus re sulting in excessive, possibly dangerous loading on the compacting device. It may also occur that the compacting operation is not, carried out in its most ,efficient manner, for example, with insufficient compacting pressure. Such compacting devices were. heretofore used only for blocks of rather shallow, thickness.
  • the apparatus to carry out the method includes a pressure transducer which measures the pressure applied to the piston drive of the compaction apparatus ,the transducer delivering an output signal which controls the feed apparatus of the piston drives fln accordance with a feature of the invention, a hydraulic motor is used as the feed drive to the piston,
  • FIG. 1 is a general schematic illustration of an apparatus in accordance with the present invention, having a hydraulic feeddrive for the bottom, as well as for the top, of the compaction cylinders, and illustrating only those parts absolutely necessary tocarry out the pro cess, and with which the process can beexplained;
  • FIGS. 2 onsheets indicated as 241,.a nd 2b taken. to-
  • HO. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a drive for a pistonrod, or pistol spindle, without play;
  • FIG: 415 a schematic illustration of a compacting device with mechanical feed drive for the bottom, 'or cover of the compacting cylinder, partly in block diagram, and illustrating only the essential elements of the system, and necessary for an understanding of the method.
  • a compacting apparatus 1 is shown as a multi-ele'ment apparatus including a cylinder 2, a bottom piston 3, andatop or cover piston 4.
  • the bottom piston 3 can beraised towards the top pisten. 4 by means of a-hydraulic feed drive 6.
  • the top cover 4 is driven by a'hydraulic feed drive 7.
  • the feed drives 6, 7, are reversible and can be moved towards and away from each other in synchronism, or indepengether,is a schematic representation, partly in block dently.
  • the drives are secured to supports 8, 9 (shown only schematically), which in turn, are supported from a frame 10,11. t
  • electrical signal transducerslZ which-.- operate as electrical signal, hydraulic-force controllers
  • the actual position ofthe pistons 6,7 is determined by means oftransducers 14, 17, which measure displacement of the piston with respect to a datum.
  • Transducer 14 measures the movement of the bottom piston 3,- or the top cover 4, respectively;
  • the measured displacement values, so obtained, are connected over lines 30, 31 for the bottom, and 32,33 for .the top. cover to comparators 34, 35 to be compared with a command value derived from a command source 20 and applied over respective lines 36, 37'.
  • Thedifference between actual value and commanded value then provides an error signal which is applied to amplifiers 38, 40 (which have power supplied by a powersupply necessary pumps, sumps, check valves, and the like, as 7 well known in the hydraulic amplifier are, to supply pressure fluid, for example pressure oil through lines 50, 51 to valves 12 and to treat the return pressure fluid received over lines 52, 53.
  • a I e The program source 20 includes a plurality of stored program units 21 24. The operating parameters stored in the respective units are illustratedschematieally by diagrams.
  • Unit 21 provides output signals representative of pressure to be supplied by the piston drive 6, 7, on pistons 3, 4; unit 22 controls the amplitude, unit 23 the frequency, and unit 24 the wave shape of commanded operating parameters which are transduced by valves 12 into movement of the respective pistons 3, 4, to effect compaction of the granulate within cylinder 2.
  • the compaction pressure that is, the compressiveforce exerted by the bottom and top pistons 3, 4, is measured directly.
  • the pressure transducer 25 is applied to the hydraulic portion of the piston drive 6, 7, as shown; the hydraulic fluid pressure applied to the piston 6, 7, is directly measured in the pressure transducers 25 and converted into an electrical signal. which is transmitted over lines 27, 28, respectively to the comperators 34, 35.
  • the actual compacting pressure of the piston drive 6, 7, can thus be controlled as a function of feed, and- /or compaction time, respectively.
  • the signal derived from the pressure transducers 25 may be suitably processed by apparatus included in the comparators 34, 3 5, or apparatus included in the lines 27, 28, for example by averaging, or the like.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b collectively denominated as FIG. 2; two cylinders 2 are connected by means or a rigid interconnection 102.
  • a piston drive 103 is arranged to shift the cylinders 2 laterally.
  • the cylinder 2 shown at the right FIG. 2 is in the position for compaction, and forms, together with the bottom piston 3 and the top piston 4 the compaction form or mold.
  • the other cylinder is beneath a charging apparatus, generally shown at 107.
  • the charging apparatus includes a supply trough 108, a charging and measuring container 109, a scale 110, and a charge cover 112 operated by an operating device 111.
  • the lower piston drive 113 places a bottom cover 114 against the bottom of the cylinder 2 being charged, to prevent. escape of granulate during charging, that is, when the closure mechanism ll2'is opened.
  • An intermediate table 115 prevents escape of charged granulate from the cylinder 2, when the cylinder 2 is moved laterally as controlled by feed piston mechanism 103.
  • the cylinder shown in line with the compaction apparatus is moved to the right, and a freshly charged cylinder is then placed beneath the compaction system.
  • the block 106 need not be a cube, and may have any suitable desired shape, as given by the shape of the cylinder 2, and of the bottom and top pistons 3, 4.
  • the horizontal cross section may be round, or polygonal, and the side surfaces need not be of the same length.
  • Bottom piston 3 and topcover piston 4 are secured, each, to a piston rod 60 which may be termed a guide rod, since it also guides the respective piston in its movement. It is retained within a sleeve 62.
  • Sleeve 62 is connected at its free end 119 to piston drive 6, 7.
  • the piston rod 121 of the respective drive 6, 7 is connected to the guide rod 60 on the one hand, and further to a displacement-electrical signal transducer 14.
  • the transducer 14 is fixed relative to the sleeve 62, for example by being secured to the end 119 thereof.
  • the piston drive 6, 7, is operated by an electro-hydraulic servo valve 12.
  • Sleeve 62 is journalled in a housing 124 which, in turn, is secured to a fixed portion l0, 11, for example the frame, of the apparatus.
  • Sleeve 62 forms the spindle of a spindle drive 62, 64.
  • the spindle nut 64 is likewise journalled in housing 124.
  • the spindle lower nut 64 is driven by means ofdrives 28; the upper spindle nut 64 is driven by worm drive 67, as best seen in FIG. 3.
  • the cover 4 is formed with a suction device 130 which includes a box 131 secured to housing 124 and an inner sheath 132, moveably retained within the box 131.
  • the sheath 132 can be lowered to the upper end 134 of the cylinder 2 by means of a sheathed drive 133.
  • a connecting stub 135, secured to box l31. is con- 7 nectcd to a suction pump (not shown) from which gases and vapors emitted by the granulate during the compaction process can be sucked off.
  • Pressure drives 137 connect with the bottom 3 and the top cover 4, which are otherwise secured to the housing 124, or to the frame elements 10, 11, of the apparatus. These pressure drives 137 are applied only against the bottom 3 and the cover 4, and are not secured to the bottom 3 and the top cover'4; they are utilized for a final compression and compaction of the block.
  • the hydraulic central station 45 includes the necessary hydraulic pumps, pressure devices, control systems, and valves, as well as the necessary timing elements to provide the various hydraulic piston drives'with pressure fluid, in the propersequence.
  • the connecting lines to the various piston drives are not described in detail and will be clear from the drawings; they have been given the same reference numerals as the connected piston-cylinder unit, with a prime mark.
  • Programming device provides the necessary control or program for feed, amplitude, frequency, and wave shape, as schematically indicated by the respective diagrams in the subdivisions of program source 150.
  • program source 150 can be supplied for the bottom piston 3, or the top piston 4, or a single program source can be used, selectively, with suitable time-sharing controls.
  • the drives for the'bottom 3 and top cover 4 are controlled by the control loops.
  • the transducer 14 provides the actual value, compared in comparators 151 with the command value derived from programming source 150.
  • the error is applied over amplifier 152 to the electro-hydraulic servo valves 12.
  • the spindle drive 62, 64 is likewise controlled by programming source 150 by means of an electric motor drive, not shown.
  • the connecting lines for the control signals are indicated by short dash lines in FIG. 2, the return lines for the servo valve 12 are indicated by long'dash lines.
  • Amplifier 152 is supplied from power supply 153.
  • a worm 67 is journalled in housing 124; worm 67 engages with a worm wheel 66.
  • Spindle nut 64 has threads 66' on the inside.
  • Spindle nut 64 is engaged by means of its thread on threads 62 of the sleeve 62.
  • Spindle nut 64 is journalled in housing'l24 by means of bearings 155, 156, 157. These bearings may for example, by roller bearings.
  • Spindle nut 64 cooperates with a spindle nut portion 129.
  • Portion 129 is guided with respect to the spindle nut 64 by means of overlapping edges 159 (FIG. 3) of the spindle nut 63, to center the portion 129.
  • a bearing 160 rotatably holds portion 129 in housing 124.
  • Portion 129 is also threaded on spingle'62, by means of internal threads"l 29"'.
  • a bolt l6'1' is 'carried bythe' end'face of spindle nut 64; Bolt 161" fits into a recess 162 of the portion 129.
  • the two elements 64, 129 can'be relatively biased also by other means, for example hydraulically.
  • bolt 161 is used to seal the space heneath cap 164 to form a pressure chamber, to which pressure fluid can be introduced, for example by a suitable bore, or flexible tubing terminating beneath the cap 164.
  • Utilizing hydraulic pressure, for example, has the advantage that the relative bias of the elements 64, 129 can be removed upon free movmem'ent of the spindle, so that the speed of adjustment of the spindle can be increased.
  • sleeve 166 would support a solenoid coil which, when energized, applies pressure of a solenoid plunger against cap 164, and, when deenergized, releases the pressure to permit rapid movement of the spindle drive.
  • Shaft 67 is driven by a suitable motor, not shown in FIG. 3, as explained in connection with shaft 28, FIG. 2.
  • the apparatus of FIG. 4 generally is similar to that of FIG. 2.
  • the bottom 3 and top cover 4 are guided by means of rods 60 in sleeves 62 which, in turn, form the spindle of a positive spindle drive, that is, of a spindle drive without play.
  • the spindle nut 64 is driven over a worm gear drive 66, 67 by a hydraulic motor 70.
  • the feed piston drives 6, 7, are located at the ends of the guide rod 60, secured to the sleeve 62, and subjected to pressure over hydraulic amplifier valve 12.
  • a pressure transducer 25 is secured to the side of the feed piston drives 6, 7, which is remote from the cylinder 2.
  • the system of FIG. 4 utilizes two amplifier or servo valves l3, 13, one each associated with a hydraulic motor 70.
  • Programming source has a programming part 21 for feed movement, and programming parts 22, 23, 24 controlling amplitude, frequency, and wave shape of vibration for the granulate.
  • the pressure control part 21 then controls the hydraulic motor 70 over valves 13, 13.
  • the position-command comparison is similarly carried out as before, that is incomperators 34, 35 as well as in additional comperators 34', 35.
  • the connections associated with the programming part 21, and controlling only pressure versus time are illustrated in the same manner as the elements 22-24, and the elements connected thereto, however with a prime notation.
  • Compacting apparatus to manufacture blocks by compacting a mixture ofa granulate and a binder comprising 6 a compacting cylinder (2) in which the granulate to be compacted is placed; bottom and top pistons (3, 4) closing said cylinder and movable to compact granulate within the cylinr i a piston support. means (62) connected, to an d supporting at least one of the Pistons 4);
  • piston support. means comprises a piston guide rod (60) connected to each of the pistons (3,
  • means rotating the said element comprises a worm drive (28, 67) engaging the spindle nut element (64) to impart rotation thereto.
  • electrohydraulic valve means (13) are provided controlling flow of hydraulic pressure fluid to the motor;
  • pressure-sensing means (25) are provided to sense reaction pressure of said at least one piston, the pressure-sensing means being connected to at least one of: said piston rod (60); said sleeve (62).
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising pressure sensing means (25) connected through said at least one piston (3, 4) having pressure applied thereto and providing a pressure signal representative of actual pressure applied to the granulate, said signal controlling the pressure applied by said motor means.
  • an 'electrohydraulie valve (12 is provided and means "(45 supplying hydraulic fluid under pressure to I said valve;
  • the pressure signal is connectedto said 'alve (.1 2 tofc ori'trol; the application of hydraulic pr essuie by said valve. i g I ll).
  • the spindle drive comprises play or backlash elimination mansklzs, 127,123).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
US380538A 1972-07-20 1973-07-19 Compacting apparatus including steady and vibratory force means Expired - Lifetime US3907474A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1086672A CH547696A (de) 1972-07-20 1972-07-20 Vorrichtung zur herstellung von bloecken, insbesondere blockelektroden.
CH1227672A CH553653A (de) 1972-08-18 1972-08-18 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von bloecken.

Publications (1)

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US3907474A true US3907474A (en) 1975-09-23

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US380538A Expired - Lifetime US3907474A (en) 1972-07-20 1973-07-19 Compacting apparatus including steady and vibratory force means

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3907474A (ja)
JP (1) JPS4979908A (ja)
DE (1) DE2334499A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2193708B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1445736A (ja)
IT (1) IT991261B (ja)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4017569A (en) * 1973-11-28 1977-04-12 Southwire Company Anode vibrator and press
US5323655A (en) * 1993-04-23 1994-06-28 Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. Method and apparatus for compacting material samples
US5547360A (en) * 1994-03-17 1996-08-20 Tamagawa Machinery Co., Ltd. Powder molding press
US5939642A (en) * 1998-03-25 1999-08-17 Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. Gyratory compactor
US6349638B1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2002-02-26 Prab, Inc. Dual die chip compactor
US20130147077A1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-13 National Taiwan University Of Science And Technology In-mold vibratile injection compression molding method and molding apparatus thereof
CN104746104A (zh) * 2015-04-07 2015-07-01 兰州智成机械设备有限公司 铝电解用阳极碳块振动成型装置
US20150336316A1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2015-11-26 National Taiwan University Of Science And Technology In-mold vibratile injection compression molding method and molding apparatus thereof
US9566725B2 (en) 2012-11-07 2017-02-14 Oci Company Ltd. System for manufacturing core of vacuum insulation panel
CN114043601A (zh) * 2020-12-02 2022-02-15 姚纪连 一种混凝土分点密实装置及其使用方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3109567C2 (de) * 1981-03-13 1983-12-22 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Vorrichtung zum Pressen von Sprengstoffkörpern
CH660631A5 (de) * 1983-02-28 1987-05-15 Fischer Ag Georg Verfahren zur messung von formstoffeigenschaften, ein mittel zu dessen ausfuehrung und eine anwendung des verfahrens.
JPS60171104A (ja) * 1984-02-15 1985-09-04 品川白煉瓦株式会社 耐火煉瓦成形方法
US4758245A (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-07-19 Langston Harold L Apparatus for starting fires and method for making and using said apparatus
DE3710178A1 (de) * 1987-04-01 1988-10-20 Antriebs Steuerungstech Ges Steuereinrichtung fuer einen pneumo-hydraulischen kraftantrieb
JP4918999B2 (ja) 2006-05-19 2012-04-18 クオリカプス株式会社 粉体圧縮成形機及び該成形機を用いた粉体圧縮成形物の連続製造装置

Citations (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US784154A (en) * 1904-05-27 1905-03-07 Henry Gutteridge Machine for forming building-blocks.
US1602598A (en) * 1922-01-25 1926-10-12 George C Stebbins Mold for battery boxes
US2541981A (en) * 1948-09-17 1951-02-20 Ben R Smutek Concrete block packing machine
US3050809A (en) * 1960-12-08 1962-08-28 Mckiernan Terry Corp Synchronized and equalized opposed hammer press
US3103698A (en) * 1956-10-12 1963-09-17 S G Leoffler Apparatus for packaging finely divided materials
US3225410A (en) * 1959-12-09 1965-12-28 Wehr Corp Hammer press
US3550204A (en) * 1968-06-26 1970-12-29 Ostrander Seymour Co Dimensional control system
US3587135A (en) * 1969-06-11 1971-06-28 Us Industries Inc Compression molding machine
US3719445A (en) * 1971-05-10 1973-03-06 Danly Machine Corp Use of metal working press for plastic compression molding
US3764244A (en) * 1972-05-30 1973-10-09 D Hurley Apparatus for compacting granular material
US3767351A (en) * 1970-10-22 1973-10-23 Von Roll Ag Vibratory granulate compacting apparatus for block manufacture

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH509099A (de) * 1969-06-16 1971-06-30 Von Roll Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Blöcken

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US784154A (en) * 1904-05-27 1905-03-07 Henry Gutteridge Machine for forming building-blocks.
US1602598A (en) * 1922-01-25 1926-10-12 George C Stebbins Mold for battery boxes
US2541981A (en) * 1948-09-17 1951-02-20 Ben R Smutek Concrete block packing machine
US3103698A (en) * 1956-10-12 1963-09-17 S G Leoffler Apparatus for packaging finely divided materials
US3225410A (en) * 1959-12-09 1965-12-28 Wehr Corp Hammer press
US3050809A (en) * 1960-12-08 1962-08-28 Mckiernan Terry Corp Synchronized and equalized opposed hammer press
US3550204A (en) * 1968-06-26 1970-12-29 Ostrander Seymour Co Dimensional control system
US3587135A (en) * 1969-06-11 1971-06-28 Us Industries Inc Compression molding machine
US3767351A (en) * 1970-10-22 1973-10-23 Von Roll Ag Vibratory granulate compacting apparatus for block manufacture
US3719445A (en) * 1971-05-10 1973-03-06 Danly Machine Corp Use of metal working press for plastic compression molding
US3764244A (en) * 1972-05-30 1973-10-09 D Hurley Apparatus for compacting granular material

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4017569A (en) * 1973-11-28 1977-04-12 Southwire Company Anode vibrator and press
US5323655A (en) * 1993-04-23 1994-06-28 Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. Method and apparatus for compacting material samples
US5547360A (en) * 1994-03-17 1996-08-20 Tamagawa Machinery Co., Ltd. Powder molding press
US5939642A (en) * 1998-03-25 1999-08-17 Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. Gyratory compactor
US6349638B1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2002-02-26 Prab, Inc. Dual die chip compactor
US10155332B2 (en) * 2011-12-09 2018-12-18 National Taiwan University Of Science And Technology In-mold vibratile injection compression molding method and molding apparatus thereof
US20130147077A1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-13 National Taiwan University Of Science And Technology In-mold vibratile injection compression molding method and molding apparatus thereof
US20150336316A1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2015-11-26 National Taiwan University Of Science And Technology In-mold vibratile injection compression molding method and molding apparatus thereof
US9566725B2 (en) 2012-11-07 2017-02-14 Oci Company Ltd. System for manufacturing core of vacuum insulation panel
CN104746104A (zh) * 2015-04-07 2015-07-01 兰州智成机械设备有限公司 铝电解用阳极碳块振动成型装置
CN104746104B (zh) * 2015-04-07 2017-03-22 兰州智成机械设备有限公司 铝电解用阳极碳块振动成型装置
CN114043601A (zh) * 2020-12-02 2022-02-15 姚纪连 一种混凝土分点密实装置及其使用方法
CN114043601B (zh) * 2020-12-02 2023-02-03 中化学城市投资有限公司 一种混凝土分点密实装置及其使用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4979908A (ja) 1974-08-01
FR2193708A1 (ja) 1974-02-22
FR2193708B1 (ja) 1979-01-26
DE2334499A1 (de) 1974-01-31
IT991261B (it) 1975-07-30
GB1445736A (en) 1976-08-11

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