US3903707A - Tunneling shields - Google Patents

Tunneling shields Download PDF

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Publication number
US3903707A
US3903707A US453125A US45312574A US3903707A US 3903707 A US3903707 A US 3903707A US 453125 A US453125 A US 453125A US 45312574 A US45312574 A US 45312574A US 3903707 A US3903707 A US 3903707A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
sections
support frames
frames
peak
abutments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US453125A
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English (en)
Inventor
Adolf Foik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH
Original Assignee
Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH filed Critical Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3903707A publication Critical patent/US3903707A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
    • E21D19/04—Provisional protective covers for working space for use in drifting galleries
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0692—Cutter drive shields

Definitions

  • Each frame is constructed in two sections [56] References Cited :vhieh :re givozeg tofi etllerrzbciut an aiis ixtgnding ongrtu ma yo t es 1e .7 e oweren so t esec- UNITED STATES PATENTS tions of each pair are interconnected by an extensible 3,373,571 3/1968 Records 61/84 Strut or cross brace 3,558,193 1/1971 Howarth 61/85 X 3,800,549 4/1974 Lobbe 61 /85 5 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures PATENTEDSEP- 1915 3,903,707
  • This invention relates to a cutter shield, particularly a roof shield for use in driving tunnels and like underground excavations.
  • Such a shield in the form of a cutter shield consisting of sharpfronted planks which are supported on pairs of supports, each pair being displaceable relative to the other and supporting some of the planks.
  • a shield With such a shield, retraction of rams interconnecting the pairs of supports advances one pair relative to the other and drives the planks carried by the said one pair of supports into the face.
  • This pair of frames is then anchored and the rams extended to drive the other frames and the planks carried thereby into the face.
  • each of the support frames for the planks in a number of parts or sections pivotal relative to one another.
  • the lower ends of each frame are therefore relatively displaceable and are interconnected by an extensible strut or beam which sets the distance at which these ends are spaced.
  • each frame unit consists of two sections which are articulated at the crest or peak of the shield so as to pivot about a longitudinal axis. In the general case, however, there may be more than two sections (e.g. three or four sections) thus, two side sections may be pivoted to a third or cross-piece section.
  • the cross-strut may be in the form of a simple telescopically slidable unit, such as a fluid-operated ram, or it may be in the form of a beam having a piston and cylinder unit at each end, interconnecting the beam to a respective frame section.
  • the cylinder is a double acting cylinder, and the piston rod or cylinder, as the case may be, is articulated to the end of the frame section about a longitudinal axis.
  • the ends of the frame sections may be supported on sliding or rolling shoes or the like by way of piston and cylinder units which are inclined to each other, the shoes being supportable on the pre-fabricated abutments.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-section through a tunnel showing 'two pre-fabricated abutments in place and a shield in accordance with the invention supported on them,
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through the shield shown in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view showing one side of the supporting frame arrangement.
  • a cutter shield comprises a number of sharp ended planks divided into two groups, 5, 6, alternate planks being in the same group, see particularly FIG. 2.
  • the planks 5 are secured rigidly to forward and rearward frames 1, 2 while the planks 6 are secured to the forward and rearward frames 3, 4.
  • Each frame is of two part construction, comprising sections (designated 1a, 1b; 2a, 2b; 3a, 3b; 4a, 412;) which are symmetrical (.when viewed longitudinally of the shield) about a horizontal longitudinally extending pivotll.
  • each frame section has a downwardly facing surface 7 between which and the associated shoe 10 are mounted two hydraulic rams 8, 9 which diverge in the upwards direction.
  • each frame section on eachside ofthe surface 7 Projecting downwardly from each frame section on eachside ofthe surface 7 is a widened end portion, the two end portions of each section supporting a pivot pin 17 which passes through an eye in a head at the end of a piston rod 16 of a cylinder 13, which is set into the end of a tubular beam 12, interconnecting in this way the pair of sections (e.g. 1a, lb) of a support frame (e.g. 1).
  • the cylinders 13 are double acting so that the strut or cross-brace which the cylinders and beam'form may, in effect, be shortened or lengthened to contract or'expand theshield, and move the shoes 10 towards or away from the centre line.
  • rams 19 extending parallel to the shield axis interconnect the frames 2 and 3 and, on retraction, will force the frames 1 and 2 forward, provided that the planks or shoes carried by the other frames are anchored in position. Likewise, on extension of these rams (assuming the planks or shoes of the frames 1 and 2 are now anchored), the frames 3 and 4 will be urged forward.
  • a cutter shield particularly a roof shield for driving underground tunnels and like excavations, comprising:
  • Y first and second forward support frames each having a generally arched configuration and comprising two sections which are substantially symmetrical about the peak of the arch which they together form, said sections of the forward support frames being interconnected at said peak for pivotal movement about an axis extending longitudinally of the apparatus,
  • first and second rearward support frames each having a generally arched configuration, and comprising two sections which are substantially symmetrical about the peak of the arch which they together form, said sections of the rearward support frames being interconnected at said peak for pivotal movement about an axis extending longitudinally of the apparatus,
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 further including a beam extending between the lower ends of the two sections constituting each support frame, and piston and cylinder means interconnecting each of said sections to said beam, the connection between each said piston and cylinder means and the respective frame section being pivotal about an axis extending longitudinally of the apparatus.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 3 further including sliding shoes bearing on said abutments, each frame section being supported on a respective shoe by means of a pair of piston and cylinder means inclined towards each other.
  • a cutter shield particularly a roof shield for driving underground tunnels and the like excavations, comprising: I
  • first and second forward support frames each having a generally arched configuration and comprising two sections which are substantially symmetrical about the peak of the arch which they together form, said sections of the forward support frames being interconnected at said peak for pivotal movement about an axis extendinglongitudinally of the apparatus,
  • first and second rearward support frames each having a generally arched configuration and comprising two sections which are substantially symmetrical about the peak of the arch which they together form, said sections of the rearward support frames being interconnected at said peak for pivotal movement about an axis extending longitudinally of the apparatus,
  • each frame section being supported on a respective shoe by means of a pair of piston and cylinder means inclined towards each other, and

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
US453125A 1973-03-24 1974-03-20 Tunneling shields Expired - Lifetime US3903707A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2314703A DE2314703C3 (de) 1973-03-24 1973-03-24 Dachschild zum Auffahren unterirdischer Hohlräume

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3903707A true US3903707A (en) 1975-09-09

Family

ID=5875766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US453125A Expired - Lifetime US3903707A (en) 1973-03-24 1974-03-20 Tunneling shields

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3903707A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5640240B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2314703C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES424563A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2222491B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1463194A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3979921A (en) * 1973-05-23 1976-09-14 Dresser Industries, Inc. Tunneling shield
US3989302A (en) * 1975-07-25 1976-11-02 Dresser Industries, Inc. Continuous roof support system for tunnel boring
US4048806A (en) * 1975-05-10 1977-09-20 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Apparatus for, and a method of, driving tunnels
US4060992A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-12-06 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Method of and apparatus for laying a pipe-line
US4073153A (en) * 1975-10-21 1978-02-14 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Drive shields for tunnelling
US4099388A (en) * 1975-10-18 1978-07-11 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Drive shield for tunneling apparatus and a method for operating such a shield
US4173421A (en) * 1976-10-15 1979-11-06 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Shield apparatus for use in tunnelling or mining
US4259030A (en) * 1979-05-03 1981-03-31 Raul Montoya Ground anchor
US4265565A (en) * 1977-09-24 1981-05-05 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Tunnel drive shield
EP1033473A1 (en) * 1999-03-03 2000-09-06 C & M McNALLY ENGINEERING Corp. Method and apparatus for feeding a tunnel roof support system from the roof shield of a Tbm
WO2010003213A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-14 Mcnally Michael P Modification to a tbm structure to provide roof support installation
CN102434178A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-05-02 枣庄矿业（集团）有限责任公司滨湖煤矿 矿用前探网
CN112855232A (zh) * 2021-01-20 2021-05-28 吉林大学 一种公路隧道施工用抗变形应急支撑装置
CN113217050A (zh) * 2021-06-08 2021-08-06 胡圣兵 一种用于隧道施工下穿陡坡可调式安防结构
US11248464B2 (en) * 2020-03-11 2022-02-15 Shandong University Of Science And Technology Method of treating tunnel collapse with roof-contacted shield support
US20220364469A1 (en) * 2020-04-09 2022-11-17 Shandong Jianzhu University Composite support structure, construction system, and method

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2646586C3 (de) * 1976-10-15 1981-05-21 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Schildvortriebseinrichtung, insbesondere für den Vortrieb von Gesteins- und Flözstrecken in Bergbau-Untertagebetrieben
JPS586957Y2 (ja) * 1976-12-28 1983-02-07 カヤバ工業株式会社 メツセルシ−ルド工法における矢板支持装置
GB2037843B (en) * 1978-12-15 1982-10-20 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Shield assemblies for installation in underground roadways and rock excavating machines including such shield assemblies
DE3040354C2 (de) * 1980-10-25 1983-11-03 Klöckner-Becorit GmbH, 4620 Castrop-Rauxel Messerschild für den voläufigen Ausbau eines Streckenortes

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3373571A (en) * 1966-01-06 1968-03-19 Ewing Records & Associates Inc Apparatus for handling steel forms in tunnels
US3558193A (en) * 1968-02-09 1971-01-26 Greenside Machine Co Ltd Tunnelling or mining machine canopy with ventilation ducts
US3800549A (en) * 1971-09-08 1974-04-02 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Tunnelling apparatus
US3812680A (en) * 1970-05-04 1974-05-28 H Walbrohl Shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like
US3823566A (en) * 1972-12-18 1974-07-16 Ingersoll Rand Co Earth-supporting apparatus and method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3373571A (en) * 1966-01-06 1968-03-19 Ewing Records & Associates Inc Apparatus for handling steel forms in tunnels
US3558193A (en) * 1968-02-09 1971-01-26 Greenside Machine Co Ltd Tunnelling or mining machine canopy with ventilation ducts
US3812680A (en) * 1970-05-04 1974-05-28 H Walbrohl Shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like
US3800549A (en) * 1971-09-08 1974-04-02 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Tunnelling apparatus
US3823566A (en) * 1972-12-18 1974-07-16 Ingersoll Rand Co Earth-supporting apparatus and method

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3979921A (en) * 1973-05-23 1976-09-14 Dresser Industries, Inc. Tunneling shield
US4060992A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-12-06 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Method of and apparatus for laying a pipe-line
US4048806A (en) * 1975-05-10 1977-09-20 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Apparatus for, and a method of, driving tunnels
US3989302A (en) * 1975-07-25 1976-11-02 Dresser Industries, Inc. Continuous roof support system for tunnel boring
US4099388A (en) * 1975-10-18 1978-07-11 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Drive shield for tunneling apparatus and a method for operating such a shield
US4073153A (en) * 1975-10-21 1978-02-14 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Drive shields for tunnelling
US4173421A (en) * 1976-10-15 1979-11-06 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Shield apparatus for use in tunnelling or mining
US4265565A (en) * 1977-09-24 1981-05-05 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Tunnel drive shield
US4259030A (en) * 1979-05-03 1981-03-31 Raul Montoya Ground anchor
EP1033473A1 (en) * 1999-03-03 2000-09-06 C & M McNALLY ENGINEERING Corp. Method and apparatus for feeding a tunnel roof support system from the roof shield of a Tbm
US6468000B2 (en) * 1999-03-03 2002-10-22 C & M Mcnally Engineering Corp. Method and apparatus for feeding a tunnel roof support system from the roof shield of a TBM
WO2010003213A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-14 Mcnally Michael P Modification to a tbm structure to provide roof support installation
US20110103892A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2011-05-05 Mcnally Michael P Modifications to a tbm structure to provide roof support installation
CN102434178A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-05-02 枣庄矿业（集团）有限责任公司滨湖煤矿 矿用前探网
US11248464B2 (en) * 2020-03-11 2022-02-15 Shandong University Of Science And Technology Method of treating tunnel collapse with roof-contacted shield support
US20220364469A1 (en) * 2020-04-09 2022-11-17 Shandong Jianzhu University Composite support structure, construction system, and method
US11739639B2 (en) * 2020-04-09 2023-08-29 Shandong Jianzhu University Composite support structure, construction system, and method
CN112855232A (zh) * 2021-01-20 2021-05-28 吉林大学 一种公路隧道施工用抗变形应急支撑装置
CN113217050A (zh) * 2021-06-08 2021-08-06 胡圣兵 一种用于隧道施工下穿陡坡可调式安防结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2222491B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-05-13
DE2314703C3 (de) 1980-10-09
JPS5640240B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-09-18
ES424563A1 (es) 1976-05-16
FR2222491A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-18
DE2314703A1 (de) 1974-09-26
GB1463194A (en) 1977-02-02
JPS49122130A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-21
DE2314703B2 (de) 1977-04-14

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